CN113699121A - 一种高压静电场协同1,3-甘油二酯和胶原蛋白肽提高t4噬菌体效价的方法 - Google Patents
一种高压静电场协同1,3-甘油二酯和胶原蛋白肽提高t4噬菌体效价的方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种高压静电场协同1,3‑甘油二酯和胶原蛋白肽提高T4噬菌体效价的方法,通过添加1,3‑甘油二酯和胶原蛋白肽,并在高压静电场下培养T4噬菌体,提高了T4噬菌体效价。本发明培养的T4噬菌体提高了对大肠杆菌AMC 198的噬菌效果,有望取代抗生素,使噬菌体领域具有更广泛的应用前景,在临床、食品和农业领域中防治细菌污染具有重要意义。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物工程领域,具体涉及高压静电场协同1,3-甘油二酯和胶原蛋白肽共同作用于T4噬菌体,得到一种效价较高的T4噬菌体。
背景技术
细菌污染已经成为全球性问题,已经破坏了环境、食品、医疗系统的社会和经济稳定性。大肠杆菌病是导致全球畜禽业发病率、死亡率高和经济损失居高不下的原因。大肠杆菌被认为是一种重要的人畜共患病原体,食用受污染的家禽,会导致人类患食源性尿路感染(Goudarztalejerdi A, Mohammadzadeh A, Najafi S V, et al. Serogrouping,phylotyping, and virulence genotyping of commensal and avian pathogenicEscherichia coli isolated from broilers in Hamedan, Iran[J]. ComparativeImmunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 2020, 73:101558.)。噬菌体是感染细菌的病毒,在调节细菌种群的数量方面起着重要作用。由于噬菌体对宿主的高度特异性,它们已在临床、食品和农业领域中被用于对抗或预防细菌感染。近几十年来,抗生素耐药性的上升已经成为一个世界性的问题,噬菌体的疗法有望取代抗生素成为一种有前景的抗菌方法(Malone L M, Birkholz N, Fineran P C, et al. Conquering CRISPR:howphages overcome bacterial adaptive immunity[J]. Current Opinion inBiotechnology, 2021, 68:30–36.)。
甘油二酯(Diglyceride,DAG)是由丙三醇(甘油)与两个脂肪酸酯化后得到的产物,包括1,3-DAG和1,2-DAG两种异构体,特别是 1,3-DAG,在预防体内脂肪堆积、肥胖症等具有重要作用(Devi, B L A P, Gangadhar,K N, Prasad, R B N, et al.Nutritionally enriched 1,3-diacylglycerol-rich oil: Low calorie fat withhypolipidemic effects in rats[J]. Food Chemistry,2018
,248:210-216)。1,3-DAG不同于甘油三酯的独特代谢方式,使得其具有重要的潜在价值(Saito S,Hernandezono A,Ginsberg H N. Dietary 1,3-diacylglycerolprotects against diet - induced obesity and insulin resistance[J].Metabolism clinical & Experimental,2007,56(11):1566-1575)。1,3-DAG不仅可以作为保健油脂,还可以作为医药辅料、化妆品辅料、药物合成中间体、饲料添加剂等(Xu, TC, Li, J P,Zou, J Y, et al. Rat small intestinal mucosal epithelial cellsabsorb dietary 1,3-diacylglycerol via phosphatidic acid pathways[J].Lipids,2018,53(3):335-344; Wang, J ,Choi, H , Kim,W K. Effects of dietary energylevel and 1,3-diacylglycerol on growth performance and carcass yield inbroilers[J].Journal of Applied Poultry Research,2020,29(3):665-672)。1,2-DAG作为1,3-DAG的同分异构体,虽然代谢方式有别于1,3-DAG,但是其作为食用油脂的重要成分,同样被广泛地应用于食品行业中。
胶原蛋白肽是通过酶处理降解胶原蛋白而产生的一种小分子产物。除了具有高生物活性,分子量小,易吸收,无毒无害等典型特征外,胶原蛋白肽还具有抗氧化性能以及促进愈合的能力(Zhang C, Yang X, Hu W, et al. Preparation and characterizationof carboxymethyl chitosan/collagen peptide/oxidized konjac composite hydrogel[J]. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2020, 149:31-40.),因此被广泛应用于化妆品、医疗、食品等领域。此外,有研究表明胶原蛋白肽对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、荧光假单胞菌和沙门氏菌都有抑制作用(杨志荣,恒泰,莎丽娜. 羊软骨中Ⅱ型胶原蛋白肽的制备和抑菌活性[J]. 食品科技,2016,41(03):134-138.)。
高压静电场技术已广泛用于食品工业中,用来控制病原微生物和腐败微生物。高压静电场可以电解空气产生臭氧,臭氧使细胞活性所需的酶失活,增加细胞膜的通透性,破坏细胞质中的遗传物质或使其失去功能(Huang H, Sun W, Xiong G, et al. Effects ofHVEF treatment on microbial communities and physicochemical properties ofcatfish fillets during chilled storage[J]. LWT-Food Science and Technology,2020, 131:109667.)。对大肠杆菌进行高压静电场处理,降低了大肠杆菌的存活率,可应用于工业消毒杀菌(白爱枝,赵巧燕,闫祖威,等. 不同处理方式下高压电场对大肠杆菌杀菌效应的比较研究[J].食品科学,2009,30(09):56-58.)。但目前,关于高压静电场协同1,3-甘油二酯和胶原蛋白肽,应用于T4噬菌体使其效价提高的研究未见报道。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明旨在提供一种高压静电场协同1,3-甘油二酯和胶原蛋白肽提高T4噬菌体效价的方法,通过添加1,3-甘油二酯和胶原蛋白肽,并在高压静电场下培养T4噬菌体,提高了T4噬菌体效价,对安全预防和控制畜牧业疾病具有重要的意义。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种高压静电场协同1,3-甘油二酯和胶原蛋白肽提高T4噬菌体效价的方法,包括如下步骤:
S1、将保存的大肠杆菌AMC 198挑取单菌落,接入5 mL LB液体培养基中,37 ℃160 r/min 振荡培养 8 h,得到1.00×108 cfu/mL浓度的大肠杆菌AMC 198菌悬液;
S2、制备1.0%的1,3-甘油二酯乳液1 mL,0.5%的胶原蛋白肽水溶液1 mL;
S3、将-80℃冻存的效价为5.00×108 pfu/mL的T4噬菌体原液置于4℃低温解冻,取T4噬菌体原液100 μL,大肠杆菌AMC 198菌悬液100 μL,接种于5 mL LB 液体培养基,加入1.0%的1,3-甘油二酯乳液200 μL和0.5%的胶原蛋白肽水溶液200 μL,均匀混合,静置15min,得到大肠杆菌AMC 198、T4噬菌体、1,3-甘油二酯和胶原蛋白肽的混合液;
S4、将S3得到的大肠杆菌AMC 198、T4噬菌体、1,3-甘油二酯和胶原蛋白肽的混合液置于绝缘塑料圆盘上,搅拌条件下,在0.15 MV/m的复合多重极板高压静电场中培养 8h,10000 r/min 离心 10 min,取上清液,得T4噬菌体增殖液;
S5、将T4噬菌体增殖液用LB液体培养基进行10倍稀释,得到T4噬菌体稀释液,取T4噬菌体稀释液100 µL加入大肠杆菌AMC 198菌悬液200 µL,静置15 min,采用双层平板法培养大肠杆菌AMC 198的T4噬菌体,在双层培养基的上层出现透亮无菌圆形的T4噬菌体噬菌斑,大肠杆菌AMC 198的T4噬菌体效价=T4噬菌体噬菌斑数×稀释倍数×10(pfu/mL);
S6、将S4获得的T4噬菌体增殖液用LB液体培养基稀释,得到效价分别为1.00×105 pfu/mL、1.00×106 pfu/mL、1.00×107 pfu/mL、1.00×108 pfu/mL、1.00×109 pfu/mL的T4噬菌体稀释液;
S7、初始感染时加入T4噬菌体的数量与大肠杆菌AMC 198的数量的比值称为感染复数,培养得到的T4噬菌体最高效价对应的比值为最佳感染复数,取S6中各效价的T4噬菌体稀释液100 µL分别与1.0×108 cfu/mL浓度的大肠杆菌AMC 198菌悬液100 µL混匀培养,即感染复数分别为0.001、0.01、0.1、1、10。再加入LB液体培养基使不同感染复数的培养基体系总体积为10 mL,37 ℃ 160 r/min 振荡培养 8 h,10000 r/min 离心 10 min,取上清液,双层平板法分别测定不同感染复数下T4噬菌体稀释液与大肠杆菌AMC 198菌悬液混合液的效价,获得最高效价的感染复数为T4噬菌体的最佳感染复数。
进一步地,步骤S1中的大肠杆菌AMC 198保藏号为ATCC 11229,步骤S3中的T4噬菌体保藏号为ATCC 11303-B4;步骤S2中1.0%的甘油二酯乳液为1.0mL1,3-甘油二酯加入100mL水中,加100mg卵磷脂作为乳化剂,振荡混匀。
进一步地,步骤S5中的双层平板法具体方法如下,培养基下层为1.5%琼脂的LB 固体培养基,上层为0.5%琼脂的LB半固体培养基;将T4噬菌体和大肠杆菌AMC 198的混合液吸到融化的LB 半固体培养基中,混匀后立即倒入下层平板,37 ℃培养6 h,在双层培养基的上层出现透亮无菌圆形的T4噬菌体噬菌斑。
本发明的有益效果在于:
本发明提供了一种高压静电场协同1,3-甘油二酯和胶原蛋白肽提高T4噬菌体效价的方法,通过添加1.0%的1,3-甘油二酯乳液和0.5%的胶原蛋白肽水溶液,并在高压静电场下培养T4噬菌体,获得的T4噬菌体效价明显提高,为噬菌体替代抗生素应用于畜牧业奠定了基础。本发明培养方法易于控制,操作简便。
具体实施方式
以下将对本发明作进一步的描述,需要说明的是,以下实施例以本技术方案为前提,给出了详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程,但本发明的保护范围并不限于本实施例。
实施例
一种高压静电场协同1,3-甘油二酯和胶原蛋白肽提高T4噬菌体效价的方法,包括如下步骤:
S1、将保存的大肠杆菌AMC 198挑取单菌落,接入5 mL LB液体培养基中,37 ℃160 r/min 振荡培养 8 h,得到1.00×108 cfu/mL浓度的大肠杆菌AMC 198菌悬液;
S2、制备1.0%的1,3-甘油二酯乳液1 mL,0.5%的胶原蛋白肽水溶液1 mL;
S3、将-80℃冻存的效价为5.00×108 pfu/mL的T4噬菌体原液置于4℃低温解冻。取T4噬菌体原液100 μL,大肠杆菌AMC 198菌悬液100 μL,接种于5 mL LB 液体培养基,加入1.0%1,3-的甘油二酯乳液200 μL和0.5%的胶原蛋白肽水溶液200 μL,均匀混合,静置15min,得到大肠杆菌AMC 198、T4噬菌体、1,3-甘油二酯和胶原蛋白肽的混合液;
S4、将S3得到的大肠杆菌AMC 198、T4噬菌体、1,3-甘油二酯和胶原蛋白肽的混合液置于绝缘塑料圆盘上,搅拌条件下,在0.15 MV/m的复合多重极板高压静电场中培养 8h,10000 r/min 离心 10 min,取上清液,得T4噬菌体增殖液;
S5、将T4噬菌体增殖液用LB液体培养基进行10倍稀释,得到T4噬菌体稀释液。取T4噬菌体稀释液100 µL加入大肠杆菌AMC 198菌悬液200 µL,静置15 min,采用双层平板法培养大肠杆菌AMC 198的T4噬菌体,在双层培养基的上层出现透亮无菌圆形的T4噬菌体噬菌斑。大肠杆菌AMC 198的T4噬菌体效价=T4噬菌体噬菌斑数×稀释倍数×10(pfu/mL);
S6、将S4获得的T4噬菌体增殖液用LB液体培养基稀释,得到效价分别为1.00×105 pfu/mL、1.00×106 pfu/mL、1.00×107 pfu/mL、1.00×108 pfu/mL、1.00×109 pfu/mL的T4噬菌体稀释液;
S7、初始感染时加入T4噬菌体的数量与大肠杆菌AMC 198的数量的比值称为感染复数,培养得到的T4噬菌体最高效价对应的比值为最佳感染复数。取S6中各效价的T4噬菌体稀释液100 µL分别与1.00×108cfu/mL浓度的大肠杆菌AMC 198菌悬液100 µL混匀培养,即感染复数分别为0.001、0.01、0.1、1、10。再加入LB液体培养基使不同感染复数的培养基体系总体积为10 mL,37 ℃ 160 r/min 振荡培养 8 h,10000 r/min 离心 10 min,取上清液,双层平板法分别测定不同感染复数下T4噬菌体稀释液与大肠杆菌AMC 198菌悬液混合液的效价,获得最高效价的感染复数即为T4噬菌体的最佳感染复数。
进一步地,步骤S1中的大肠杆菌AMC 198保藏号为ATCC 11229,步骤S3中的T4噬菌体保藏号为ATCC 11303-B4;步骤S2中1.0%1,3-的甘油二酯乳液为1.0mL1,3-甘油二酯加入100mL水中,加100mg卵磷脂作为乳化剂,振荡混匀。
进一步地,步骤S5中的双层平板法具体方法如下,培养基下层为1.5%琼脂的LB 固体培养基,上层为0.5%琼脂的LB半固体培养基。将T4噬菌体和大肠杆菌AMC 198的混合液吸到融化的LB 半固体培养基中,混匀后立即倒入下层平板,37 ℃培养6 h,在双层培养基的上层出现透亮无菌圆形的T4噬菌体噬菌斑。
本实施例培养的T4噬菌体提高了对大肠杆菌AMC 198的噬菌效果,有望取代抗生素用于畜牧业疾病的预防和控制,从而使T4噬菌体具有广泛的应用前景。
对于本领域的技术人员来说,可以根据以上的技术方案和构思,给出各种相应的改变和变形,而所有的这些改变和变形,都应该包括在本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。
Claims (4)
1.一种高压静电场协同1,3-甘油二酯和胶原蛋白肽提高T4噬菌体效价的方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
S1、将保存的大肠杆菌AMC 198挑取单菌落,接入5 mL LB液体培养基中,37 ℃ 160 r/min 振荡培养 8 h,得到1.0×108 cfu/mL浓度的大肠杆菌AMC 198菌悬液;
S2、制备1.0%的1,3-甘油二酯乳液1 mL,0.5%的胶原蛋白肽水溶液1 mL;
S3、将-80℃冻存的效价为5.0×108 pfu/mL的T4噬菌体原液置于4℃低温解冻,取T4噬菌体原液100 μL,大肠杆菌AMC 198菌悬液100 μL,接种于5 mL LB 液体培养基,加入1.0%的1,3-甘油二酯乳液200 μL和0.5%的胶原蛋白肽水溶液200 μL,均匀混合,静置15 min,得到大肠杆菌AMC 198、T4噬菌体、甘油二酯和胶原蛋白肽的混合液;
S4、将S3得到的大肠杆菌AMC 198、T4噬菌体、1,3-甘油二酯和胶原蛋白肽的混合液置于绝缘塑料圆盘上,搅拌条件下,在0.15 MV/m的复合多重极板高压静电场中培养 8 h,10000 r/min 离心 10 min,取上清液,得T4噬菌体增殖液;
S5、将T4噬菌体增殖液用LB液体培养基进行10倍稀释,得到T4噬菌体稀释液,取T4噬菌体稀释液100 µL加入大肠杆菌AMC 198菌悬液200 µL,静置15min,采用双层平板法培养大肠杆菌AMC 198的T4噬菌体,在双层培养基的上层出现透亮无菌圆形的T4噬菌体噬菌斑;
大肠杆菌AMC 198的T4噬菌体效价=T4噬菌体噬菌斑数×稀释倍数×10(pfu/mL);
S6、将S4获得的T4噬菌体增殖液用LB液体培养基稀释,得到效价分别为1.0×105 pfu/mL、1.0×106 pfu/mL、1.0×107 pfu/mL、1.0×108 pfu/mL、1.0×109 pfu/mL的T4噬菌体稀释液;
S7、初始感染时加入T4噬菌体的数量与大肠杆菌AMC 198的数量的比值称为感染复数,培养得到的T4噬菌体最高效价对应的比值为最佳感染复数,取S6中各效价的T4噬菌体稀释液100 µL分别与1.0×108 cfu/mL浓度的大肠杆菌AMC 198菌悬液100 µL混匀培养,即感染复数分别为0.001、0.01、0.1、1、10;
再加入LB液体培养基使不同感染复数的培养基体系总体积为10 mL,37 ℃ 160 r/min振荡培养 8 h,10000 r/min 离心 10 min,取上清液,双层平板法分别测定不同感染复数下T4噬菌体稀释液与大肠杆菌AMC 198菌悬液混合液的效价,获得最高效价的感染复数即为T4噬菌体的最佳感染复数。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高压静电场协同1,3-甘油二酯和胶原蛋白肽提高T4噬菌体效价的方法,其特征在于,步骤S1中的大肠杆菌AMC 198保藏号为ATCC 11229,步骤S3中的T4噬菌体保藏号为ATCC 11303-B4;步骤S2中1.0%的1,3-甘油二酯乳液为1.0mL1,3-甘油二酯加入100mL水中,加100mg卵磷脂作为乳化剂,振荡混匀。
3.根据权利要求1所述的高压静电场协同1,3-甘油二酯和胶原蛋白肽提高T4噬菌体效价的方法,其特征在于,步骤S5中的双层平板法具体方法如下,培养基下层为1.5%琼脂的LB固体培养基;上层为0.5%琼脂的LB半固体培养基。
4.将T4噬菌体和大肠杆菌AMC 198的混合液吸到融化的LB 半固体培养基中,混匀后立即倒入下层平板, 37 ℃培养6 h,在双层培养基的上层出现透亮无菌圆形的T4噬菌体噬菌斑。
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