CN113693218B - 含高含量β-葡聚糖的红薯发酵物及含此物质的增强免疫力的食品组合物 - Google Patents
含高含量β-葡聚糖的红薯发酵物及含此物质的增强免疫力的食品组合物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明是关于含高含量β‑葡聚糖的红薯发酵物及含此物质的增强免疫力的食品组合物。本发明中含有高含量β‑葡聚糖的红薯发酵物的特点是加入蒸红薯粉、阿洛酮糖、乳酸菌培养液发酵而成。通过本发明,适用能够显著提高现有红薯品种β‑葡聚糖含量的特定发酵工艺,制备出含有高含量β‑葡聚糖红薯发酵物,并提供含有该产品的免疫增强功能性食品组合物。
Description
技术领域
本发明是有关含高含量β-葡聚糖的红薯发酵物及含此物质的增强免疫力的食品组合物的。具体来讲,通过可显著提高β-葡聚糖含量的特定发酵工艺,制备包含高含量β-葡聚糖的红薯发酵物,提高免疫力的功能性食品组合物相关的。
背景技术
红薯的单位面积产量高,能够适应恶劣的环境条件,且应用广泛,属经济效益高的作物。
在红薯的价值上,与淀粉相同的营养成分虽然很重要,但热量比普通粮食作物低,而且更为重要的是富含维生素、矿物质、膳食纤维、β-胡萝卜素、花青素等具有生理活性的功能性成分。
红薯块根(塊根,根底,贮藏根)直接食用或蒸熟食用之外, 还有如粉丝或面包等利用淀粉、粉末等加工食品或用于红薯萃取饮料、天然色素、酒精、生物塑料等多种用途。作为利用红薯的食品领域的研究,有民俗酒、凉粉、粉丝、罐头、饮料、面类、糕点面包、松饼、蒸糕、羊羹、面包馅、果冻、豆粉、酸奶、辣椒酱等多种。
最近,随着饮食生活方式的变化,出现了各种样式的糕点和烘焙类产品,在此基础上有关添加各种健康功能性材料的研究也在随之增加。
特别是,不同品种的红薯具有自己独特的特性,最近正在培育提高红薯功能性加工利用性的新品种红薯。红薯按照果肉颜色,划分为一般红薯和紫色、橘黄色有色红薯,这些有色色素的成分含有多种酚性物质,这种酚性物质赋予植物特殊的颜色、让其具有涩味和苦味等固有味道以及抗氧化性、抗菌、抗癌性等生理活性。
其中,橘黄色红薯和紫薯的功能性在黄色和紫色的色素上,因此在这些色素的利用和食品开发上,需要进行色素的特性研究。特别是誉为新食品材料及天然食用色素资源的橘黄色红薯,与胡萝卜素含量低于0.02㎎/100g的普通红薯比较,其含量达到46~202㎎,相当之高,而且大部分为β胡萝卜素。但是,没有发现改善免疫功效的β-葡聚糖成分。有必要通过开发具有免疫增强效果的含有β-葡聚糖成分的多种加工品以及有关储存和使用方面的持续研究,提高于粮食资源红薯的效用价值,扩展消费用途。
先行技术文献
专利文献
(专利文献1)1.韩国注册专利公报第10-1846277号”红薯酸奶及其制备方法”
(专利文献2)2.韩国注册专利公报第10-1192033号“一种含有紫薯的酸奶及其制备方法”
发明内容
要解决的课题
本发明的目的为应用能够显著提高β-葡聚糖含量的特定发酵工艺,制备含有高含量β-葡聚糖的红薯发酵物,并提供含有β-葡聚糖的免疫增强功能性食品组合物。
课题的解决方法
为了达到上述目的,有关本发明的包含高含量红薯发酵物是放入蒸红薯粉、阿洛酮糖、乳酸菌培养液,发酵制成的,上述蒸红薯粉的特征为含有β-葡聚糖成分。
上述乳酸菌的特点是具有序列编号1的核酸序列的类谷康乳杆菌(Lactobacillusparafarraginis)KCTC12357BP菌株。
另一项发明为免疫增强功能性食品组合物,其特点是包含上述红薯发酵物。
本发明所要实现的技术课题不限于以上所提到的技术课题。关于未被提及的其他技术课题,本发明所属技术领域的具有常识性知识的人可以通过下面记载内容能够明确地理解。
发明效果
通过本发明,不仅可提供含有高含量β-葡聚糖的红薯发酵物,同时也能提供含有该发酵物的免疫增强功能性食品组合物。
附图说明
图1为测定本发明中使用的蒸橘黄色红薯粉的β-葡聚糖含量的试验报告。
图2为根据本发明实施例1测定红薯发酵物β-葡聚糖含量的试验报告。
具体实施方式
参照附图中详细说明了本发明的理想实施例及实验例,省略了对本发明的要点产生疑惑的告知功能及构成的详细说明。
本发明应用了能够显著提高现有的橘黄色红薯品种具有的β-葡聚糖含量的特定发酵工艺,制备高含量β-葡聚糖的红薯发酵物,以此改善免疫功能食品组合物,具体来讲,上述红薯发酵物是放入蒸红薯粉、阿洛酮糖、乳酸菌培养液发酵制成。
以下为本发明中红薯发酵物的呈现例子,可包含的成分及其制备方法如下。
1.蒸红薯粉
本发明采用了具有β-葡聚糖含量的红薯品种,特别是为了更容易培养乳酸菌培养液,采用了蒸熟的红薯粉。
具体说明的话,国内生产的红薯品种有紫薯、橘黄色红薯、南瓜红薯、板栗红薯等多个品种。据报告,其中橘黄红薯与其他红薯品种相比较,含有大量的多种功能性成分。
也就是说,下表1中的国内生产红薯品种对功能性成分进行分析的结果显示,在橘黄色红薯中的功能性成分显示都很高。本发明的发明人除了表1所列各功能性成分外,如表1所示还发现在其他品种中尚未确认的5.1%(w/w)左右的β-葡聚糖成分。
表1
因此,本发明以含有5% ~10%(w/w)β-葡聚糖的红薯品种为特点,更适合采用含有5% ~10%(w/w)的橘黄色红薯丰源味品种。
另外,上述红薯对比直接使用其粉,使用蒸红薯粉的情况下,乳酸菌的发酵功能明显提高。
也就是说,对比一般的红薯粉,蒸红薯的淀粉含量、水分吸收指数及水粉溶解指数,还有膳食纤维含量在蒸的过程中会增加。(来源:利用热风干燥及喷雾干燥工艺的生红薯和蒸红薯粉制备及物理化学质量特性,韩国甲壳素和壳聚糖学会,2017)
因此,如果使用生红薯粉,在发酵过程中乳酸菌充分培养,因此水分含量不合适,导致乳酸菌培养能力下降,很难得到本发明所希望的高含量β-葡聚糖。与此相反,蒸红薯粉的情况,即使不另添加水分也可以充分优化乳酸菌培养能力,因此本发明中最好使用蒸红薯粉。
2.阿洛酮糖
低聚糖是被称为葡萄糖、果糖、糖浆等营养甜味剂的物质的替代品,包含低聚果糖、大豆低聚糖、麦芽低聚糖、低聚半乳糖、阿洛酮糖。
其中,阿洛酮糖比其他甜味剂更接近自然状态的糖,具有清爽的甜味,热量仅为白糖(每克4千卡)的5%,几乎是无热量甜味剂。
对此,本发明最终目的是使用上述红薯发酵物作为食品组合物材料,卡路里几乎不发生变化, 还能够帮助提高乳酸菌培养能力的材料,最适合使用低聚糖中的阿洛酮糖。
3.乳酸菌的培养液
在各种有效微生物中,采用能最大限度提高上述蒸红薯粉的有效成分,即使用最大限度可提高β-葡聚糖的有效微生物,适用乳酸菌培养液。
加之说明的话,上述乳酸菌培养液停留于肠道内,防止病原性细菌附着在消化道上皮,防止疾病的发生。乳酸菌生成的抗生物质会杀死或抑制引起腹泻的病原性微生物或肠内有害菌,同时最大程度地提高蒸红薯粉有效成分中的β-葡聚糖。
此时,作为上述乳酸菌,最好采用好氧乳酸菌乳杆菌属菌株,以提高肠道生存率,最大限度地提高功能性成分含量。更加适合的是,使用本发明的发明人所拥有的韩国生命工学研究院于2013年01月23日委托的序列号1的核酸序列的类谷糠乳杆菌菌株KCTC12357BP菌株。
上述培养液可为包含在培养菌株的培养基内的所有物质。例如,菌株培养的结果物质,包括代谢物或者分泌物的物质或者破碎物,菌株本身也可包含在培养物中。另外,上述培养液可按照糖业通常使用的方法进行培养。
上述培养基可以为一般的培养基,其特点是将上述类谷糠乳杆菌株KCTC12357BP接种到MRS液体培养基上,30~35℃温度下培养24~72小时,准备出浓度超过1×106CFU/ml的微生物培养液。更适合的是,在上述液体培养基上接种上述微生物菌株,在30~35℃温度下按0.05~0.4vvm(vol/vol/min)透气量和100~200rpm(rotary/min)搅拌速度,0.1~1kgf/㎠内压培养24~72小时,这时培养出的上述类谷糠乳杆菌株KCTC12357BP培养液的pH值宜为3.0~5.0。
(含有高含量β-葡聚糖红薯发酵物的制备方法)
本发明将上述准备好的蒸红薯粉,阿洛酮糖,乳酸菌培养液一起发酵,制成含有高含量β-葡聚糖的红薯发酵物。
此时,上述蒸红薯粉是使用80~120℃的蒸汽加热40~60分钟后,将其干燥制成,干燥方式可采用热风干燥或喷雾干燥等任何干燥方式。
这样制备的蒸红薯粉按红薯发酵物的整体重量为基准,含量达到80-91重量%。不及80重量%的情况很难得到本发明所希望的高含量β-葡聚糖的红薯发酵物,超过91重量%时,不能体现所提高的β-葡聚糖含量,反而会出现发酵不顺利的问题。
另外,上述阿洛酮糖按红薯发酵物的整体重量为基准,含有0.5~2重量%。含量不及0.5重量%的,不能促进乳酸菌发酵,超过2重量%时,与其他材料混合比不协调,可能降低合消费者的满意度。
此外,上述乳酸菌培养液按红薯发酵物整体重量为标准,含量为8~19重量%, 不及8重量%的,其含量太低,β-葡聚糖的提升能力下降,无法得到本发明所希望的效能,超过19重量%时,与其他材料混合比例不协调,也有可能得不到本发明所希望的效能。
此外,上述发酵在30~35℃温度下进行4~5天,如果脱离上述发酵条件将出现过度发酵,产生异味,会引起消费者的反感。发酵时间不足时,β-葡聚糖含量的提升效果会变差。为了男女老少都喜欢的β-葡聚糖含量高的食品组合物,最好遵守上述发酵条件。
这样制备的上述最终本发明的红薯发酵物,如图2所示β-葡聚糖含量为8.33%(w/w),属于高含量。可用于改善免疫造功能性食品组合物的材料,可制备成符合使用目的液体、粉末状等,尤其是粉末状的情况,可将红薯发酵物减压浓缩,制作成粉末状。
换句话说,本发明的红薯发酵物含有大量的高含量β-葡聚糖成分及多种功能性成分。包含本发明有效成分的食品,如各种食品类、饮料、口香糖、茶、维生素复合剂、健康辅助食品类、酸奶、糕点等,可按粉末、颗粒、精制、胶囊或饮料的形式使用。本发明的有效成分一般可添加整体食品重量的0.01~15重量%,健康饮料组成物的情况,以100毫升为标准,可添加0.02~10克,最好按0.3~1克比例添加。
本发明的健康功能食品,必需成分按照给定的比例包含上述有效成分外,还可以添加食品学上允许的食品辅助添加剂,如天然碳水化合物及多种香味剂等。
上述天然碳水化合物包含如葡萄糖、果糖等单糖类,麦芽糖、蔗糖等二糖类,糊精、环糊精等如多糖类一般的糖,还有木糖醇,山梨醇,赤藓糖醇等糖醇。
上述香味剂可使用索马甜、甜菊糖甙Reb-A、甘草甜素、糖精、阿斯巴甜等。上述香味剂的比例为,本发明的健康功能食品每100毫升一般使用1~20克,最好使用5~12克。
除上述外,本发明的健康功能食品可含各种营养剂、维生素、矿物、合成风味剂及天然风味剂等风味剂,着色剂、增进剂、果胶酸及其盐、海藻酸及其盐、有机酸、保护性胶体增稠剂、ph调节剂、稳定剂、防腐剂、甘油、酒精、用途碳酸饮料的碳酸化剂。此外,本发明的健康功能食品中还可含制备天然果汁及果汁饮料及蔬菜饮料等的果肉。
这些成分可以独立或组合使用。这种添加剂的比例一般在本发明的上述有效成分每100重量份0.01~20份范围内进行选择。
以下将更详细地说明实施例和实验例,但这些实施例和实验例只是为了说明目的,并不是要限制本发明的保护范围。
<实施例1>制备本发明红薯发酵物1
图1所示,含β–葡聚糖含量为5.1%(w/w)的橘黄红薯(丰源味道,Ipomoea batatasL.) 150kg,用100℃的水蒸汽蒸50分钟,将红薯蒸熟后,将其热风干燥,制成蒸红薯粉。
然后在上述蒸出的红薯粉100kg中加入1.5公斤阿洛酮糖和序列号为1的核酸序列的 类谷糠乳杆菌(Lactobacillus parafarraginis) KCTC12357BP培养液15升 (MRS培养基,1×107 CFU/ml),在35℃发酵4天后,用热风干燥后,制成了图2中所示的含有高含量β-葡聚糖的红薯发酵物1。
<比较例1>制备红薯发酵物2
采用与上述实施例1相同的方法制备,用生红薯粉代替上述蒸红薯粉,制备了红薯发酵物2。
<比较例2>制备红薯发酵物3
采用与上述实施例1相同的方法制备,用枯草芽孢杆菌菌株代替上述类谷糠乳杆菌菌株,制备了红薯发酵物3。
<比较例3>制备红薯发酵物4
采用与上述实施例1相同的方法制备,用副干酪乳杆菌菌株代替上述类谷糠乳杆菌,制备了红薯发酵物4。
<比较例4>制备红薯发酵物5
采用与上述实施例1相同的方法制备,用5升代替上述15升乳酸菌培养液进行发酵,制备红薯发酵物5。
<实验例1>确认β -葡聚糖含量
1.实验方法
对上述实施例1及比较例1至4的红薯发酵物进行了β-葡聚糖含量测定。
测量采用Mixed-Linkage β-葡聚糖试剂盒, 酶试剂盒,通过从总葡聚糖中减去α-葡聚糖的β-葡聚糖含量。
换句话说,首先在每100mg红薯发酵物中各加入15 mlHCl,放置45分钟,再加入10ml的水,反应2小时,再加入10毫升的2NKOH后,以200毫米醋酸鈉缓冲液增到100ml后离心分离,并将0.1ml上等液与溶液[(exo-1,3 β-葡聚糖酶)和β-葡萄糖苷酶的混合液]进行混合后反应1小时。
然后加入3ml GOPOD混合液(葡萄糖试剂+葡糖氧化酶, 过氧化物酶, 4-aminoantipyridine),反应20分钟,在510nm测定吸光度,确认总葡聚糖含量。
作为α-葡聚糖的测定方法,首先在每个红薯发酵物100毫克中各加入2mlKOH,混合后在冰浴中进行20分钟均质化。然后加入8ml 12M醋酸钠缓冲液,混合0.2ml溶液(50%甘油+淀粉葡萄糖苷酶1630 U/ml +转化酶500 U/ml 处理),反应30分钟后离心分离。
之后,0.1ml上等液中加入GOPOD混合液,反应20分钟后,在510nm处测定吸光度,确认α-葡聚糖含量。
2.实验结果
上述实验结果,如下表2所示。
表2
如上表2所示,本发明实施例1的情况,β-葡聚糖的含量比蒸橘黄红薯粉有所上升。与此相反,即使经过与实施例1相同的发酵工艺,使用生红薯粉而不是蒸熟的橘黄红薯的比较例1的情况,β-葡聚糖的含量也没有想象中上升。
另外,作为同种菌,采用同一乳酸菌中的菌的比较例3的情况下,β-葡聚糖的含量虽然比对照组高,但是可以看出比实施例1低,未使用乳酸菌而采用芽孢杆菌的比较例2的情况,通过发酵过程确认未得到上升的β-葡聚糖含量。
乳酸菌培养液的含量较低的比较例子4的情况,也不能形成最佳的发酵过程,可确认β-葡聚糖含量上升的程度较少。
由此可见,通过本发明,可以制备含有高含量β-葡聚糖的红薯发酵物,并将含有免疫增强功能性食品组合物制剂化,提供给消费者。
以下为各种工艺的制剂。
(制剂例1:改善免疫功能红薯酸奶制备)
低温杀菌后的100ml牛奶中加入1~5g乳酸菌将其混合,放入乳酸菌,在32℃温度下发酵24小时,去除乳清,制成了希腊酸奶。
然后将上述希腊酸奶和上述实施例1中制备的红薯发酵物混合,以2:0.1 ~0.5重量比例混合,制作成免疫增强功能性食品,并将其命名为免疫功能改善红薯酸奶。
(制剂例2:制作改善免疫功能年糕)
红薯发酵物100重量份中加入荞麦米200~250重量份、糯米5~30重量份、盐0.05~0.5重量份、白糖0.05~0.5重量份将其混合,做成免疫增强功能性食品组合物,在90~100℃中蒸煮15~30分钟,做成免疫功能改善年糕。
上述本发明围绕正确的实施例子和实验例子进行了观察,具有本发明所属技术领域一般知识的人在本发明的本质技术范围内实现上述本发明的详细说明和其他形式的实施例子。在此,本发明的本质技术范围包含在专利申请范围内,与此同等范围内的所有差异都应解释为包含在本发明之中。
委托编号
委托机构名称:韩国生命工学研究院
委托编号:KCTC12357BP
委托日期:20130123
<110> 杭州千岛湖明昊农业开发有限公司
农业公司法人(株)L 生物科技
<120> 含高含量β-葡聚糖的红薯发酵物及含此物质的增强免疫力的食品组合物
<130> F21433KR-CN-MHNY-CA
<141> 2020-09-01
<150> 10-2020-0110760
<151> 2020-09-01
<160> 1
<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
<210> 2
<211> 1137
<212> DNA
<213> 乳杆菌(Lactobacillus sp. )
<400> 2
acatgcaagt cgaacgaggc aaccataatg aagttaggtg cttgcattta actgatttaa 60
cattgagacg agtggcgaac tggtgagtaa cacgtgggta acctgccctg aagtggggga 120
taacacttgg aaacaggtgc taataccgca taacaacgaa aaccacatgg ttttcgtttg 180
aaagatggct tcggctgtca cttttggatg gacccgcggc gtattagctt gttggtgagg 240
taacggctca ccaaggccat gatacgtagc cgacctgaga gggtaatcgg ccacattggg 300
actgagacac ggcccaaact cctacgggag gcagcagtag ggaatcttcc acaatggacg 360
aaagtctgat ggagcaacgc cgcgtgagtg atgaagggtt tcggctcgta aaactctgtt 420
gttggagaag aacaggtgat agagtaactg ttatcatctt gacggtatcc aaccagaaag 480
ccacggctaa ctacgtgcca gcagccgcgg taatacgtag gtggcaagcg ttgtccggat 540
ttattgggcg taaagcgagc gcaggcggtt ttttaggtct gatgtgaaag ccttcggctt 600
aaccggagaa gggcatcgga aaccgggaga cttgagtgca gaagaggaca gtggaactcc 660
atgtgtagcg gtgaaatgcg tagatatatg gaagaacacc agtggcgaag gcggctgtct 720
ggtctgtaac tgacgctgag gctcgaaagc atgggtagcg aacaggatta gataccctgg 780
tagtccatgc cgtaaacgat gagtgctaag tgttggaggg tttccgccct tcagtgctgc 840
agctaacgca ttaagcactc cgcctgggga gtacgaccgc aaggttgaaa ctcaaaggaa 900
ttgacggggg cccgcacaag cggtggagca tgtggtttaa ttcgatgcta cgcgaagaac 960
cttaccaggt cttgacatct tctgctaacc taagagatta ggcgttccct tcggggacgg 1020
aatgacaggt ggtgcatggt tgtcgtcagc tcgtgtcgtg agatgttggg ttaagtcccg 1080
caacgagcgc aacccttatt gtcagttgcc agcatttagt tgggcactct ggcgaga 1137
Claims (3)
1.一种含高含量β-葡聚糖的红薯发酵物,其特征在于,所述红薯发酵物通过蒸红薯粉,阿洛酮糖,乳酸菌培养液发酵而成;所述蒸红薯粉具有β-葡聚糖成分;所述乳酸菌是表现为序列号1核酸序列的类谷糠乳杆菌(Lactobacillus parafarraginis)KCTC12357BP菌株。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种含高含量β-葡聚糖的红薯发酵物,其特征在于,所述发酵是在30~35℃下发酵4~5天。
3.一种免疫改善功能性食品组合物,其特征在于,所述食品组合物包含根据权利要求1-2之一所述的红薯发酵物。
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