CN113684431A - Aluminum alloy rapid forming and property control integration method - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy rapid forming and property control integration method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113684431A CN113684431A CN202110987326.8A CN202110987326A CN113684431A CN 113684431 A CN113684431 A CN 113684431A CN 202110987326 A CN202110987326 A CN 202110987326A CN 113684431 A CN113684431 A CN 113684431A
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- die
- aluminum alloy
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- flattening
- rapid forming
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 title claims description 5
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001008 7075 aluminium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003712 anti-aging effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
- C21D1/673—Quenching devices for die quenching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
Abstract
The invention discloses an integrated method for controlling the rapid forming performance of an aluminum alloy, and relates to the technical field of hot stamping forming and heat treatment processes of the aluminum alloy. Aiming at the plasticity improvement of the aluminum alloy base metals with different brands, the cooling circulation water channel is arranged in the rigid mold, the base metal after the solution treatment is rapidly cooled, the purpose of quenching is achieved, the plasticity performance of the base metal is further improved, the plasticity of the plate can be kept for a long time, and a good foundation is laid for the subsequent single-pass or even multi-pass forming of the hot forming. The method for integrating the rapid forming and the controllability of the aluminum alloy ensures that the aluminum alloy keeps excellent forming performance for a long time, thereby improving the quality of aluminum alloy hot-formed parts.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy hot stamping forming and heat treatment processes, in particular to a rapid forming and property control integration method for aluminum alloy.
Background
The traditional aluminum alloy hot forming method is to carry out hot forming on an aluminum alloy base material in a hot environment, and then carry out solution treatment, quenching and aging treatment on a formed part after the stamping is finished so as to improve the strength of the part, but the performance, the shape and the size of the formed part after the heat treatment process are greatly changed along with time, and particularly in the forming of an aluminum alloy part with a complex thin wall, the final precision is seriously influenced.
The aluminum alloy base material undergoes a natural aging phenomenon from the time of preparation to the time of stamping into a product, and this phenomenon causes an increase in the strength of the material, thereby reducing the stamping formability and causing a softening phenomenon in the subsequent heat treatment. Some researches show that after the aluminum alloy base material is subjected to solution treatment, quenching treatment is carried out, and rapid cooling is carried out through water cooling or air cooling, so that the anti-aging stability of the base material can be improved, the forming performance of the base material can be improved, the base material is subjected to stamping after quenching is finished, and the hardening performance of a formed part can be obviously improved.
Patent publication No. CN103695817A discloses a heat-treatable aluminum alloy simultaneous quenching hot forming process. The method comprises the steps of preparing a heat-treatable aluminum alloy base material (blank in a non-additional heat treatment state), heating and preserving heat, synchronously quenching and forming, cutting the appearance and performing aging treatment. The method aims to simultaneously carry out in-mold synchronous quenching treatment while forming the base metal, and the aluminum alloy base metal is required to be ensured to be in a higher temperature state during stamping, so that the plasticity performance of the aluminum alloy base metal can be improved to a certain extent, and the forming precision is improved. In the method, after the aluminum alloy is treated at the solid solution temperature, if the quenching treatment is not carried out as soon as possible, alloy atoms can be rapidly precipitated within ten seconds, the forming performance of the aluminum alloy base metal is reduced, and the effect of the aging treatment is influenced, so that the aluminum alloy base metal is directly transferred into a die after the solid solution treatment for synchronous in-die quenching forming, and the forming can be carried out by utilizing the good plasticity of the base metal after the solid solution treatment and before the quenching. However, the method only has short forming time and cannot carry out multi-pass forming; and has a narrow application range, and is applicable only to heat-treatable strengthened aluminum alloy base materials of 2XXX series, 6XXX series, 7XXX series, and the like.
Patent document No. CN107686954A discloses a heat treatment method for improving the hot stamping formability of 7075 aluminum alloy. The heat treatment method comprises solution treatment, cold die forming pressure maintaining quenching, water cooling quenching and aging treatment. The method is characterized in that the core of the method is in the forced cooling stage of the base metal between the solution treatment and the cold die forming, and the method aims to cool the base metal to a temperature slightly higher than the optimal forming temperature (about 410 ℃) by air cooling or spray cooling, and then quickly transfer the base metal to the cold die for forming, so as to ensure that the aluminum alloy base metal is at the optimal forming temperature (about 400 ℃) during forming. The forming idea is basically consistent with CN103695817A, and the method is a technological improvement of cold die forming hot plates, and the cold die forming is carried out firstly, and then the quenching stage is completed. The subsequent step of water-cooling quenching to room temperature is slightly redundant in the whole process flow and has no substantial effect on forming and heat treatment. In conclusion, the method is only suitable for 7075 aluminum alloy, and the application range is narrow; the process flow is complex, strict requirements are imposed on the cooling rate and the cooling time in the forced cooling stage, the operation difficulty is high, meanwhile, in order to ensure that the deformation of the base metal is at the optimal forming temperature, the phenomenon that the heat loss is too large when the aluminum alloy base metal is transferred is avoided, the transfer time is required to be controlled within 3 seconds, the operation difficulty is also high, errors are easy to occur, and the rejection rate is improved; after the solution treatment, the aluminum alloy base metal is formed and then quenched, and alloy atoms can be rapidly separated out without being quenched in time, so that the subsequent aging treatment effect is influenced, and the product performance is further influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an integrated method for controlling the rapid forming performance of the aluminum alloy, so that the aluminum alloy can keep excellent forming performance for a long time, and the quality of aluminum alloy hot-formed parts is improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides an integrated method for controlling the rapid forming performance of an aluminum alloy.
Optionally, the quenching treatment is performed in a rigid die, and the rigid die comprises a flattening die upper die and a flattening die lower die; the aluminum alloy base material is arranged between the flattening die upper die and the flattening die lower die; and cooling circulating water channels are arranged in the flattening die upper die and the flattening die lower die.
Optionally, the rigid mold further comprises an upper template and a lower template; the upper template is arranged above the upper die of the flattening die, and the lower template is arranged below the lower die of the flattening die.
Optionally, the rigid mold further comprises an upper mold base and a lower mold base; the upper die base is arranged above the upper die plate, and the lower die base is arranged below the lower die plate.
Optionally, a guide sleeve is arranged at the bottom of the upper die base, a guide pillar is arranged at the top of the lower die base, and the guide pillar is matched with the guide sleeve.
Optionally, a die handle is arranged at the top of the upper die base.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
according to the method for integrating the rapid forming and the controlling of the aluminum alloy, aiming at the improvement of the plasticity of the aluminum alloy base metal with different brands, the cooling circulation water channel is arranged in the rigid mold, the base metal after solution treatment is rapidly cooled, the purpose of quenching is achieved, the plasticity performance of the base metal is further improved, the plasticity of the base metal can be kept for a long time, and a good foundation is laid for the subsequent single-pass or even multi-pass forming of hot forming. The method for integrating the rapid forming and the controllability of the aluminum alloy ensures that the aluminum alloy keeps excellent forming performance for a long time, thereby improving the quality of aluminum alloy hot-formed parts.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the rapid forming and property control integration method of aluminum alloy of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a rigid mold in the rapid forming and property control integrated method for aluminum alloy of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1. a die shank; 2. an upper die holder; 3. mounting a template; 4. flattening the upper die of the die; 5. an upper cooling circulation water channel; 6. a guide sleeve; 7. a blank; 8. flattening the lower die of the die; 9. a lower template; 10. a lower cooling circulation water channel; 11. a guide post; 12. and a lower die holder.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment provides an integrated method for rapid forming and controlling of aluminum alloy, and the plasticity of the aluminum alloy is obviously enhanced within a period of time (generally 0.5-2 hours) after quenching. Therefore, the aluminum alloy base material is subjected to solution treatment after preparation, then in-mold quenching treatment is carried out after the solution treatment, the condition of rapid cooling is achieved, the plasticity and the strength of the aluminum alloy base material are improved, then stamping forming is carried out within 0.5-2 hours, therefore, the processing window time is prolonged for single-pass or even multi-pass forming of the plate, finally, aging treatment is carried out to improve the strength, and finally, the aluminum alloy component with high precision and high stability is obtained. If the quenching treatment is not carried out in time after the solution treatment, alloy atoms can be rapidly precipitated, so that the optimal time interval from the solution treatment to the quenching is only ten seconds; however, the plate subjected to quenching treatment can keep excellent plasticity within 0.5-2 hours, and the effect is better when the plate is stamped within the time. Forming first and then quenching or simultaneous quenching forming only lasts for tens of seconds, and forming the aluminum alloy base metal after quenching can have a forming time at least as long as 0.5 hour.
The method utilizes the advantages, can carry out multi-pass processing, does not influence the final artificial aging treatment effect, has good product performance, simple process flow and wide application range, and is suitable for the hot forming of all series brands of aluminum alloy base metals.
The quenching treatment is carried out in a rigid die, and the rigid die comprises an upper die holder 2, a lower die holder 12, an upper template 3, a lower template 9, a flattening die upper die 4 and a flattening die lower die 8; the aluminum alloy base material is arranged between the flattening die upper die 4 and the flattening die lower die 8; the upper flattening die upper die 4 is internally provided with upper cooling circulating water, and the lower flattening die lower die 8 is internally provided with lower cooling circulating water. The upper template 3 is arranged above the upper die 4 of the flattening die, and the lower template 9 is arranged below the lower die 8 of the flattening die. The upper die holder 2 is arranged above the upper template 3, and the lower die holder 12 is arranged below the lower template 9. The bottom of the upper die holder 2 is provided with a guide sleeve 6, the top of the lower die holder 12 is provided with a guide pillar 11, and the guide pillar 11 is matched with the guide sleeve 6. The top of the upper die holder 2 is provided with a die handle 1. After the solution treatment is finished, the rapid quenching of the base metal is realized through the flattening rigid die with the cooling water flow channel, and a cooling water circulation system is arranged in the whole process to maintain the low temperature of the die so as to achieve the purpose of rapidly cooling the base metal. Then stamping is carried out by utilizing a longer aging period after the quenching of the base metal is finished, so that multi-pass processing can be realized; the quenching of the base metal is firstly completed and then the forming is carried out, so that the rapid precipitation of alloy atoms is avoided, the anti-aging stability of the base metal is good, and the effect of the subsequent aging treatment is improved; it is suitable for all grades of aluminium alloy base materials, and has wide application range.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein, and any reference signs in the claims are not intended to be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
The principle and the implementation mode of the present invention are explained by applying specific examples in the present specification, and the above descriptions of the examples are only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (6)
1. An aluminum alloy rapid forming control integration method is characterized in that an aluminum alloy base metal is subjected to solid solution treatment after preparation, then in-mold quenching treatment is carried out after the solid solution treatment, a rapid cooling condition is achieved, the plasticity and the strength of the aluminum alloy base metal are improved, then hot forming is carried out, and finally aging treatment is carried out to improve the strength.
2. The aluminum alloy rapid forming and property control integrated method according to claim 1, wherein quenching treatment is performed in a rigid die, and the rigid die comprises a flattening die upper die and a flattening die lower die; the aluminum alloy base material is arranged between the flattening die upper die and the flattening die lower die; and cooling circulating water channels are arranged in the flattening die upper die and the flattening die lower die.
3. The aluminum alloy rapid forming and property control integrated method according to claim 2, wherein the rigid mold further comprises an upper mold plate and a lower mold plate; the upper template is arranged above the upper die of the flattening die, and the lower template is arranged below the lower die of the flattening die.
4. The integrated method for controlling the rapid forming of aluminum alloy according to claim 3, wherein the rigid mold further comprises an upper mold base and a lower mold base; the upper die base is arranged above the upper die plate, and the lower die base is arranged below the lower die plate.
5. The aluminum alloy rapid forming and property control integrated method as claimed in claim 4, wherein a guide sleeve is arranged at the bottom of the upper die holder, and a guide pillar is arranged at the top of the lower die holder, and the guide pillar is matched with the guide sleeve.
6. The aluminum alloy rapid forming and property control integrated method as claimed in claim 4, wherein a die handle is arranged on the top of the upper die holder.
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| CN202110987326.8A CN113684431A (en) | 2021-08-26 | 2021-08-26 | Aluminum alloy rapid forming and property control integration method |
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| CN202110987326.8A CN113684431A (en) | 2021-08-26 | 2021-08-26 | Aluminum alloy rapid forming and property control integration method |
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| CN113684431A true CN113684431A (en) | 2021-11-23 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102888574A (en) * | 2012-11-01 | 2013-01-23 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Hot forming method for aluminum alloy pipe parts based on solid solution water quenching |
| CN102974675A (en) * | 2012-11-01 | 2013-03-20 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Heat forming method for aluminum alloy sheet metal part after solid solution and water quenching |
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| CN107297407A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-10-27 | 上海大学 | Aluminum alloy plate materials die quenching composite forming method and its integrated apparatus |
| CN107686954A (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2018-02-13 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of heat treatment method for improving 7075 aluminum alloy heat press formabilities |
| CN108380722A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-08-10 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of hot press-formed method of lightweight car body of aluminum alloy component |
| CN111206193A (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2020-05-29 | 湖南科技大学 | Low-speed hot forming-quenching composite forming method for aluminum alloy component |
| CN111485185A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-08-04 | 上海交通大学 | Aluminum alloy plate compounding-solution quenching integrated hot forming method |
-
2021
- 2021-08-26 CN CN202110987326.8A patent/CN113684431A/en active Pending
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102888574A (en) * | 2012-11-01 | 2013-01-23 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Hot forming method for aluminum alloy pipe parts based on solid solution water quenching |
| CN102974675A (en) * | 2012-11-01 | 2013-03-20 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Heat forming method for aluminum alloy sheet metal part after solid solution and water quenching |
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