CN107297407A - Aluminum alloy plate materials die quenching composite forming method and its integrated apparatus - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy plate materials die quenching composite forming method and its integrated apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN107297407A CN107297407A CN201710291517.4A CN201710291517A CN107297407A CN 107297407 A CN107297407 A CN 107297407A CN 201710291517 A CN201710291517 A CN 201710291517A CN 107297407 A CN107297407 A CN 107297407A
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- aluminum alloy
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- plate materials
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 155
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000003856 thermoforming Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- GNFTZDOKVXKIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-methoxyethoxy)benzohydrazide Chemical compound COCCOC1=CC=CC(C(=O)NN)=C1 GNFTZDOKVXKIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910019752 Mg2Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000020442 loss of weight Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
- B21D22/022—Stamping using rigid devices or tools by heating the blank or stamping associated with heat treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/10—Die sets; Pillar guides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/16—Heating or cooling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
- C21D1/673—Quenching devices for die quenching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of aluminum alloy plate materials die quenching composite forming method and its integrated apparatus, present invention process is heated flat blank holder, and is cooled down to cavity plate and punch-pin；Then by aluminum alloy plate materials in heating furnace solution heat treatment；The aluminum alloy plate materials of solid solution good heat insulation are sent to progress centering placement on blank holder from heating furnace again, it is ensured that sheet material is before shaping still in the condition of high temperature；Then matched moulds is carried out, Cooling Quenching process of the aluminum alloy part under matched moulds state is completed, it is ensured that part shape in quenching process does not change；Molded again, aluminum alloy part is synchronous with blank holder to be disengaged from punch-pin, is taken out molding part, is moved rapidly into the aluminum alloy plate materials according to beat solid solution good heat insulation, aluminum alloy part finally is carried out into intensive treatment, final aluminum alloy part is obtained.The present invention is inverted using concave-convex mold, compound die carries out the method for aluminum alloy plate materials die quenching shaping suitable for preparing heat treatable aluminum alloy plate materials part.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of metallic material pressure processing technology and its device, more particularly to a kind of metal material chill
The thermoforming process and its device of quenching, applied to plate forming and continuously shaped technical field.
Background technology
For reply energy crisis, automotive field fast development demand is met, the advanced manufacturing technology such as light weight of part is melted into
To manufacture the focus of manufacture field.A kind of light-weighted approach is to utilize brand-new design concept, and optimization design simplifies knot
Structure, mitigates weight, reaches structure lightened；Another effective way is then, using the small light material of proportion, to realize that material is light
Quantify, such as high-strength steel, almag and carbon fiber are widely applied in automobile manufacture industry.Aluminium alloy and traditional steel
Compare, density is steel 1/3, and specific strength is high, and automobile loss of weight more than 35% can be realized easily instead of steel.At present, on automobile
It with 7000 line aluminium alloy materials, 6000 is the hardening constituent predominantly Mg2Si of alloy that main application 6000, which is, with excellent anti-corrosion
Performance, intensity and plastic property are higher, and comprehensive mechanical property is good.The main alloy element of 7000 line aluminium alloys is zinc, by suitable
When Technology for Heating Processing result in higher intensity, preferably, welding performance is good, but plasticity is relatively low for corrosion resistance.
6000 are, 7000 be that wrought aluminium alloy can improve its intensity by solid solution+timeliness T6 heat treatment methods.For
Such aluminum alloy part, frequently with first punch forming at normal temperatures, then carries out T6 solid solutions and timeliness heat again to the part of taking-up
Processing.But, the method for this cold forming has two：First, aluminum alloy plate materials formed at normal temp difference can cause shape
Cracking defect occurs in cold forming for complicated molding part, thus shaping efficiency is low；Second, take out after forming parts and carry out solid solution
In timeliness T6 processing procedures, because part needs solution heat, quenching cooling, because thermal stress effect easily deforms and resilience
Cause the dimensional accuracy of part poor.
In recent years, grow up a kind of thermoforming process quenched for aluminum alloy plate materials part chill, used punch-pin
All it is cold conditions with cavity plate.Sheet material by preheating is quickly placed between concave-convex mold and shaping is completed within a very short time.
During forming parts, cooling water is passed through in the cooling duct of concave-convex mold to realize the cooling of mould, and then molding cooling reaches
The critical hardening cooling rate of sheet material.Its temperature drop is too fast after being contacted due to hot sheet material with the concave-convex mold of cold conditions, causes sheet material
Temperature during shaping is less than required hot-forming temperature, and the Temperature Distribution on sheet material is very uneven, so as to cause into
The defect such as the corrugation of type parts locally and rupture.So, the thermoforming process is still difficult to use in aluminum alloy plate materials shaping, especially shape
Complicated structural member/inner panel the covering of shape.
In addition, " aluminum alloy sheet metal component is cold and hot compound for the Chinese patent that existing Patent document number is 201210124230
Contour forming method "》, a kind of thermal state forming method of aluminum alloy plate materials is disclosed, used punch-pin and blank holder are cooling shape
State, cavity plate are the cold-hot compound die forming method of heated condition.This method first heats cavity plate, then aluminum alloy plate materials are positioned over
Heated on cavity plate, be heated to matched moulds after deformation temperature and be molded, then part stays in completion on blank holder and punch-pin after quick parting
Its Cooling Quenching.This method ensure that shaping can be carried out at relatively high temperatures, beneficial to shaping complicated shape part.But deposited during shaping
In problems with：First, this method requires that aluminum alloy part must quickly be separated with punch-pin with blank holder from cavity plate after shaping
And stay in its Cooling Quenching is completed on blank holder and punch-pin, in its quenching process because part is separated from punch-die, zero
Part is in free non-matched moulds state, it is impossible to solve the problems, such as the part resilience caused by quenching stress, causes part after quenching to be matched somebody with somebody
Conjunction precision is relatively low, and disqualification rate significantly rises.Second, sheet material need to be placed on cavity plate and be heated to forming temperature by this method, whole
Sheet material is heated in individual forming process and occupies most times with mould, causes shaping efficiency relatively low, is not suitable for industrialization
Continuous production；Ensure that the cavity plate of part critical form precision is heated to more than 500 degrees Celsius needed for solid solution simultaneously, can cause
Mould and die accuracy degradation, type face precision degradation, further reduces element precision.
To sum up, the thermoforming process shaping efficiency of existing aluminum alloy plate materials is low, easily causes local corrugation, rupture and resilience
Etc. technical problem, it is impossible to suitable for aluminum alloy plate materials scale industrial production the need for.
The content of the invention
In order to solve prior art problem, it is an object of the present invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide one kind
Aluminum alloy plate materials die quenching composite forming method and its integrated apparatus, are inverted and compound die using concave-convex mold, can carry out height
Formed precision aluminum alloy plate materials die quenching composite molding, it is adaptable to prepare heat treatable aluminum alloy plate materials part, Neng Gouman
The need for sufficient industrial mass automated production.
To reach that foregoing invention creates purpose, the present invention uses following technical proposals：
A kind of aluminum alloy plate materials die quenching composite forming method, comprises the following steps：
A. mould working condition is initialized：Flip-over type mould is installed on a hydraulic press, is arranged at punch-pin recessed
Below mould, the punch-pin being fixed on base remains static all the time in whole forming process, passes through the liquid in press base
Pressure pad provides ejection pressure-pad-force, and flat blank holder is ejected at higher than punch-pin peak position, flat blank holder is used as
Work initial position, cavity plate is fixed on hydraulic press central sill, and in die sinking position, mould is in initialization shape
State；
B. the flat blank holder that work initial position is reached in step a is heated to 500~600 DEG C, made flat
It is hot that blank holder is in high temperature；
C. 10-25 DEG C of cooling water is passed in the cavity plate and punch-pin cooling duct pre-set, is made initial in step a
The cavity plate and punch-pin of change are all in low temperature cold conditions；
D. the previous procedure that mould is molded in step a sets heating process, using heating furnace to aluminium to be formed
Sheet alloy is heated, and aluminum alloy plate materials is carried out into solution heat treatment to 500~600 DEG C in heating furnace, solid solution is protected
The warm time is 30-60 minutes；
E. when mould carries out operations for forming, according to the principle of FIFO, by the solid solution good heat insulation in step d
Aluminum alloy plate materials are rapid to be taken out from heating furnace, and is sent in the hot flat blank holder that reached a high temperature in step a
On, aid in aluminum alloy plate materials centering to place using alignment pin, vital sheet material is still within the condition of high temperature before shaping,
Ensure sheet material before shaping still in the condition of high temperature；
F. the cavity plate initialized in step a makes cavity plate elder generation and flat board with 50-100 millimeters of speed fast downlinks per second
Formula blank holder matched moulds, then make cavity plate and flat blank holder synchronously push, until cavity plate and the complete matched moulds of punch-pin, to aluminium alloy
Sheet material carries out compression molding, obtains aluminium alloy molding part, matched moulds is kept under clamping pressure 5-10 seconds, completes aluminium alloy molding part
Cooling Quenching process under matched moulds state, it is ensured that aluminium alloy molding part shape in quenching process does not change；
G. the aluminium alloy molding part prepared in step f is completed after Cooling Quenching process, and cavity plate is moved up into recovery to die sinking
Position, provides ejection pressure-pad-force by the hydraulic die cushion in press base and ejects flat blank holder to higher than punch-pin peak
Initial position, makes the aluminium alloy molding part after shaping is synchronous with flat blank holder to be disengaged from punch-pin, so as to take out aluminium alloy
Molding part；Then be moved rapidly into according to beat pass through step d solid solutions isothermal holding it is good under a piece of aluminum alloy plate materials, continue
Repeat step e~step g, so that the aluminium alloy molding part subsequently prepared, quenches so as to be carried out continuously aluminum alloy plate materials molding
Fiery composite molding technique；
H. by the aluminium alloy molding part prepared in step g carry out again at 100-200 DEG C low temperature artificial aging reinforcing or
Natrual ageing is strengthened, and finally gives aluminum alloy part.
As currently preferred technical scheme, cooling water is passed in cavity plate and punch-pin cooling duct, according to not homology
The different quenching Critical cooling speed of row aluminium alloy, adjust the flow velocity of cooling water to adjust the temperature of cavity plate and punch-pin.
The present invention provides a kind of aluminum alloy heat processing and thermoforming integrated apparatus, including heating furnace and thermal formation apparatus,
Carry out technique successively to connect to form front and rear processing apparatus, heating furnace can carry out solution heat treatment to aluminum alloy plate materials before shaping
Reason；
The flip-over type mould composition that thermal formation apparatus is driven using hydraulic press, mainly by cavity plate, punch-pin, flat pressure
Flange, hydraulic press pedestal, hydraulic pressure transmission rod composition, cavity plate is fixedly installed on hydraulic press central sill, by heating furnace solution heat treatment
The hot aluminum alloy plate materials of high temperature obtained after reason are sent on flat blank holder by conveyer to be fixed on the positioning, cavity plate
Downward matched moulds and upwards die sinking are carried out by hydraulic-driven, pressure forming processing is carried out to aluminum alloy plate materials, punch-pin is arranged at recessed
The lower section of mould, punch-pin is fixedly mounted on hydraulic press pedestal, punch-pin is remained static all the time in whole forming process, liquid
Press the force transfer end of transmission rod to provide ejection pressure-pad-force by the hydraulic die cushion in hydraulic press pedestal, flat blank holder can be ejected,
And flat blank holder can be ejected at higher than punch-pin peak position, add as flat blank holder in clamping pressure shaping
The initialized location carried out before work, the outer rim boss of cavity plate can form clamping device with flat blank holder, to aluminium alloy plate
The two ends of material are clamped fixation, set heater, flat blank holder is heated by heater, controls and adjusts
The hot temperature of flat blank holder is saved, cooling system is also set up, cavity plate and punch-pin are cooled down by cooling system,
Control and adjust cavity plate and the cold-state temperature of punch-pin, when carrying out clamping pressure processing and forming, aluminum alloy plate materials are cooled down,
Sheet material can be enabled aluminum alloy to and reach quenching Critical cooling speed.
As the further preferred technical scheme of such scheme, the high warm obtained after heating furnace solution heat treatment
When state aluminum alloy plate materials are sent on flat blank holder by conveyer, put using alignment pin auxiliary aluminum alloy plate materials centering
Put, alignment pin is arranged on flat blank holder, the two ends of aluminum alloy plate materials are positioned respectively by alignment pin and are fixed on flat board
On formula blank holder, positioning process is completed.
As the further preferred technical scheme of such scheme, the heater of flat blank holder uses heating rod,
A series of distribution of heating rods is arranged in flat blank holder, the temperature of heating rod is controlled by external heating device.
As the further preferred technical scheme of such scheme, the cooling system of cavity plate and punch-pin is all led to using cooling water
Duct device, cooling-water duct distribution is arranged in cavity plate and punch-pin, by controlling to adjust the cooling in cooling-water duct device
The flow velocity of water adjusts the temperature of cavity plate and punch-pin.
As the further preferred technical scheme of such scheme, heating furnace uses continuous roll type stove, by conveyer collection
Into into heating furnace, aluminum alloy plate materials carry out solution heat treatment in continuous roll type stove, after solution heat treatment is completed, obtain
The hot aluminum alloy plate materials of high temperature are directly sent on flat blank holder by roller conveyor.
As the further preferred technical scheme of such scheme, the hydraulic means of driving hydraulic pressure transmission rod is using single-lift
Hydraulic press, jacking driving is carried out to hydraulic pressure transmission rod, when cavity plate moves down progress matched moulds, cavity plate also passes through flat blank holder
To hydraulic pressure transmission rod transmitting thrust, hydraulic pressure transmission rod is set to be retracted.
As the further preferred technical scheme of such scheme, under hydraulic pressure transmission rod can also be carried out by the weight of itself
Drop back to and move back.
The present invention compared with prior art, substantive distinguishing features and remarkable advantage is obviously protruded with following：
1. the present invention uses flip-over type mould, cavity plate upper, punch-pin with blank holder under, by being inserted in blank holder
Heating rod and control loop it is heated, punch and matrix lead to cooling water for cold conditions composite die carry out aluminum alloy part mould
Pressure quenching thermoforming；
2. the sheet material after solution heat treatment is quickly sent on preheated blank holder by the present invention from heating furnace, it is to avoid because
The time that sheet material is placed on mould needed for being heated to solid solution and being incubated, using pipelining, molding time is substantially reduced, is carried
High production efficiency；
3. after the transmitting device sheet material transmission of apparatus of the present invention, sheet material and hot blank holder contact can avoid heat transfer
Fast cooling when the high aluminium of rate is contacted with chill, it is ensured that shaping can be carried out at high temperature, beneficial to shaping complicated shape
Part；
4. apparatus of the present invention are to molding part Cooling Quenching, sheet material can be avoided in the matched moulds constraint of punch-pin and cavity plate
Deforming and resilience occurs in cooling procedure in sheet material, obtains dimensional accuracy extremely good part；
5. present invention process only needs to heat the flat blank holder of reduced size, and part is in blank holder part
Flange generally needed before follow-up flange excision, therefore even if having slight thermal deformation or quenching velocity deficiency also will not shadow
Ring the crucial type face precision in part die cavity；
The method that 6. present invention is inverted using concave-convex mold, cold-hot compound die carries out aluminum alloy plate materials die quenching shaping, is fitted
For preparing heat treatable aluminum alloy plate materials part, the need for disclosure satisfy that industrial mass automated production.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the processing of the aluminum alloy heat of the embodiment of the present invention one and thermoforming integrated apparatus are carrying out mould to aluminum alloy plate materials
The device structure view before matched moulds during pressure quenching composite molding.
Fig. 2 is that the device structure when embodiment of the present invention one transmits aluminum alloy plate materials and centering positioning by conveyer shows
It is intended to.
Fig. 3 is that the processing of the aluminum alloy heat of the embodiment of the present invention one and thermoforming integrated apparatus are carrying out mould to aluminum alloy plate materials
The device structure view after matched moulds during pressure quenching composite molding.
Fig. 4 is main apparatus structure state signal of the device of the embodiment of the present invention one when carrying out compression molding and quenching
Figure.
Embodiment
Details are as follows for the preferred embodiments of the present invention：
Embodiment one：
In the present embodiment, referring to Fig. 1~4, a kind of aluminum alloy heat processing and thermoforming integrated apparatus, including heating furnace
4 and thermal formation apparatus, technique is carried out successively and connects to form front and rear processing apparatus, and heating furnace 4 can be before shaping to aluminium alloy plate
Material 1 carries out solution heat treatment；
The flip-over type mould composition that thermal formation apparatus is driven using hydraulic press, mainly by cavity plate 6, punch-pin 3, flat
Blank holder 2, hydraulic press pedestal 10, hydraulic pressure transmission rod 9 are constituted, and cavity plate 6 is fixedly installed on hydraulic press central sill, by heating furnace 4
The hot aluminum alloy plate materials 1 of high temperature obtained after solution heat treatment are sent on flat blank holder 2 by conveyer to be determined
Position is fixed, and cavity plate 6 carries out downward matched moulds and upwards die sinking by hydraulic-driven, and pressure forming processing is carried out to aluminum alloy plate materials 1,
Punch-pin 3 is arranged at the lower section of cavity plate 6, and punch-pin 3 is fixedly mounted on hydraulic press pedestal 10, makes punch-pin 3 in whole forming process
All the time remain static, the force transfer end of hydraulic pressure transmission rod 9 provides ejection pressure-pad-force by the hydraulic die cushion in hydraulic press pedestal 10,
Flat blank holder 2 can be ejected, and flat blank holder 2 can be ejected at higher than the peak position of punch-pin 3, be used as flat board
The initialized location that formula blank holder 2 is carried out before clamping pressure processing and forming, the outer rim boss of cavity plate 6 can be with flat flanging
Circle 2 forms clamping devices, and the two ends of aluminum alloy plate materials 1 are clamped with fixation, sets heater 8, by 8 pairs of heater
Flat blank holder 2 is heated, and is controlled and is adjusted the hot temperature of flat blank holder 2, also set up cooling system 7, pass through
Cooling system 7 is cooled down to cavity plate 6 and punch-pin 3, controls and adjust the cold-state temperature of cavity plate 6 and punch-pin 3, is being closed
During molding pressure processing and forming, aluminum alloy plate materials 1 are cooled down, sheet material 1 can be enabled aluminum alloy to and reach quenching Critical cooling speed.
In the present embodiment, referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the hot aluminium alloy of high temperature obtained after the solution heat treatment of heating furnace 4
When sheet material 1 is sent on flat blank holder 2 by conveyer, the centering of aluminum alloy plate materials 1 is aided in place using alignment pin 5,
Two alignment pins 5 are arranged on flat blank holder 2, are positioned the two ends of aluminum alloy plate materials 1 respectively by alignment pin 5 and are fixed on
On flat blank holder 2, aluminum alloy plate materials 1 are arranged between two alignment pins 5, positioning process is completed.The present embodiment will be solid
Aluminum alloy plate materials 1 after molten heat treatment are quickly sent on preheated flat blank holder 2 from heating furnace 4, it is to avoid because aluminium is closed
The time that golden plate material 1 is placed on mould needed for being heated to solid solution and being incubated, using pipelining, when substantially reducing shaping
Between, improve production efficiency.
In the present embodiment, referring to Fig. 1~4, the heater 8 of flat blank holder 2 uses heating rod, adds a series of
Hot pin distribution is arranged in flat blank holder 2, and the temperature of heating rod is controlled by external heating device.
The heating means of flat blank holder 2 are that built-in heating rod is heated, and realize that aluminum alloy plate materials 1 are sent to flat
Insulation effect after on board-like blank holder 2, it is to avoid aluminum alloy plate materials 1 influence mouldability because cooling is too fast.Cavity plate 6 and punch-pin 3
Cooling system 7 all use cooling-water duct device, by cooling-water duct distribution be arranged in cavity plate 6 and punch-pin 3, pass through control
Adjust the flow velocity of the cooling water in cooling-water duct device to adjust the temperature of cavity plate 6 and punch-pin 3, played when thermoforming to aluminium
The Quenching Treatment effect of sheet alloy 1.
In the present embodiment, referring to Fig. 1~4, heating furnace 4 uses continuous roll type stove, and conveyer is integrated into heating furnace 4
In, aluminum alloy plate materials 1 carry out solution heat treatment in continuous roll type stove, and after solution heat treatment is completed, obtained high temperature is hot
Aluminum alloy plate materials 1 are directly sent on flat blank holder 2 by roller conveyor.
In the present embodiment, referring to Fig. 1~4, the hydraulic means of driving hydraulic pressure transmission rod 9 uses single-lift hydraulic press, right
Hydraulic pressure transmission rod 9 carries out jacking driving, and when cavity plate 6 moves down progress matched moulds, cavity plate 6 is also by flat blank holder 2 to liquid
The transmitting thrust of transmission rod 9 is pressed, hydraulic pressure transmission rod 9 is retracted.
In the present embodiment, referring to Fig. 1~4, handled using the present embodiment aluminum alloy heat and thermoforming integrated apparatus is real
Aluminum alloy plate materials die quenching composite forming method is applied, is comprised the following steps：
A. mould working condition is initialized：Flip-over type mould is installed on a hydraulic press, is arranged at punch-pin 3 recessed
The lower section of mould 6, the punch-pin 3 being fixed on hydraulic press pedestal 10 remains static all the time in whole forming process, passes through hydraulic pressure
Hydraulic die cushion in machine pedestal 10 provides ejection pressure-pad-force, and flat blank holder 2 is ejected at higher than the peak position of punch-pin 3,
As the work initial position of flat blank holder 2, cavity plate 3 is fixed on hydraulic press central sill, and in die sinking position, make into
Pattern tool is in init state；Fig. 1 is the built-in heating that aluminum alloy plate materials 1 used in die quenching composite forming method
Schematic diagram before the multifunctional high speed hydraulic press matched moulds of stove 4；
B. the flat blank holder 2 that work initial position is reached in step a is heated to 600 DEG C, makes flat flanging
Circle 2 is hot in high temperature；
C. 10 DEG C of cooling water is passed in the cavity plate 6 and the cooling duct of punch-pin 3 pre-set, is made initial in step a
The cavity plate 6 and punch-pin 3 of change are all in low temperature cold conditions；
D. the previous procedure that mould is molded in step a sets heating process, using heating furnace 4 to aluminium to be formed
Sheet alloy 1 is heated, and aluminum alloy plate materials 1 is carried out into solution heat treatment to 500 DEG C in heating furnace, when solid solution is incubated
Between be 60 minutes, be incubated on request；
E. when mould carries out operations for forming, according to the principle of FIFO, by the solid solution good heat insulation in step d
Aluminum alloy plate materials 1 are rapid to be taken out from heating furnace 4, and is sent in the hot flat flanging that reached a high temperature in step a
On circle 2, the centering of aluminum alloy plate materials 1 is aided in place using alignment pin 5, vital sheet material 1 is still within height before shaping
Temperature state, it is ensured that aluminum alloy plate materials 1 are before shaping still in the condition of high temperature；After aluminum alloy plate materials 1 are transmitted, aluminum alloy plate materials 1
Contacted with hot flat blank holder 2, the fast prompt drop when aluminum alloy plate materials 1 that pyroconductivity can be avoided high are contacted with chill
Temperature, it is ensured that shaping can be carried out at high temperature, beneficial to subsequent forming complicated shape part；
F. the cavity plate 6 initialized in step a with 100 millimeters of speed fast downlinks per second, make cavity plate 6 first with it is flat
The 2-in-1 mould of blank holder, then make cavity plate 6 and flat blank holder 2 synchronously push, until cavity plate 6 and the complete matched moulds of punch-pin 3, to aluminium
Sheet alloy 1 carries out compression molding, obtains aluminium alloy molding part, and matched moulds 10 seconds is kept under clamping pressure, complete aluminium alloy into
Cooling Quenching process of the type part under matched moulds state, it is ensured that aluminium alloy molding part shape in quenching process does not change；Fig. 3
The multifunctional high speed hydraulic press for the built-in heating furnace 4 for for aluminum alloy plate materials 1 use in die quenching composite forming method
Schematic diagram after matched moulds；During Cooling Quenching, aluminium alloy molding part cavity plate 6 and punch-pin 3 matched moulds constraint in, be avoided that aluminium alloy into
Deforming and resilience occurs in cooling procedure in type part, to obtain dimensional accuracy extremely good part by subsequent handling；
G. the aluminium alloy molding part prepared in step f is completed after Cooling Quenching process, and cavity plate 6 is moved up into recovery to die sinking
Position, provides ejection pressure-pad-force by the hydraulic die cushion in hydraulic press pedestal 10 and ejects flat blank holder 2 to higher than punch-pin 3 most
The initial position of high point, makes the aluminium alloy molding part after shaping is synchronous with flat blank holder 2 to be disengaged from punch-pin 3, so as to take
Go out aluminium alloy molding part；Then be moved rapidly into according to beat pass through step d solid solutions isothermal holding it is good under a piece of aluminium alloy
Sheet material 1, continues repeat step e~step g, so that the aluminium alloy molding part subsequently prepared, so as to be carried out continuously aluminium alloy
Plate moulding quenches composite molding technique；
H. the low temperature artificial aging aluminium alloy molding part prepared in step g carried out again at 200 DEG C is strengthened, final
To aluminum alloy part.After shaping, the temperature of aluminum alloy part do not wrinkle when less than 50 DEG C, ftracture and the defect such as resilience,
Shape, dimensionally stable.The present embodiment only needs to heat the flat blank holder 2 of reduced size, and manufactured in the present embodiment
The flange that aluminum alloy part is in the flat part of blank holder 2 is cut off before follow-up flange, even if therefore having slight heat
Deformation or quenching velocity deficiency do not interfere with the crucial type face precision in part die cavity yet, can obtain with excellent quality
Aluminum alloy part product, the need for disclosure satisfy that industrial mass automated production.
In the present embodiment, cooling water is passed in cavity plate 6 and the cooling duct of punch-pin 3, according to the aluminium alloy of the present embodiment
Quenching Critical cooling speed, the flow velocity for adjusting cooling water adjusts the temperature of cavity plate 6 and punch-pin 3.
The present embodiment is using aluminum alloy heat processing and thermoforming integral process.Technology for Heating Processing includes：To aluminium alloy plate
Material carries out solution treatment, thermoforming and carries out Quenching Treatment to aluminum alloy plate materials simultaneously and carry out Ageing Treatment to aluminum alloy plate materials.
The present embodiment solve existing aluminum alloy plate materials 1 heat treatment and thermoforming integral process shaping efficiency it is low the problem of, and
Solve pressure forming aluminum alloy part and easily cause the technical problems such as local corrugation, rupture and resilience.The present embodiment is using concavo-convex
The method that mould is inverted, compound die carries out aluminum alloy plate materials die quenching shaping, it is adaptable to prepare heat treatable aluminum alloy plate materials
Part.
Embodiment two：
The present embodiment and embodiment one are essentially identical, are particular in that：
Hydraulic pressure transmission rod 9 can also carry out decline rollback by the weight of itself.The single acting hydraulic oil cylinder of the present embodiment device
One direction stress work is carried out, returns and is returned by the weight of itself as the hydraulic pressure transmission rod 9 of plunger, ensure that hydraulic system
Job stability, reduce actuating system the generation related to of doing something in disregard of obstacles, reduce hydraulic system fault rate, improve equipment use the longevity
Life, and the stability of plate moulding quenching composite molding technique is enabled aluminum alloy to more preferable guarantee.
The embodiment of the present invention is illustrated above in conjunction with accompanying drawing, but the invention is not restricted to above-described embodiment, can be with
Made according to the purpose of the innovation and creation of the present invention under a variety of changes, all Spirit Essence and principle according to technical solution of the present invention
Change, modification, replacement, the combination or simplified made, should be equivalent substitute mode, as long as meeting the goal of the invention of the present invention,
Without departing from technical principle and the invention of aluminum alloy plate materials die quenching composite forming method of the present invention and its integrated apparatus
Design, belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of aluminum alloy plate materials die quenching composite forming method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
A. mould working condition is initialized：Flip-over type mould is installed on a hydraulic press, punch-pin is arranged under cavity plate
Side, the punch-pin being fixed on base remains static all the time in whole forming process, passes through the hydraulic die cushion in press base
Ejection pressure-pad-force is provided, flat blank holder is ejected at higher than punch-pin peak position, the work of flat blank holder is used as
Make initial position, cavity plate is fixed on hydraulic press central sill, and in die sinking position, mould is in init state；
B. the flat blank holder that work initial position is reached in the step a is heated to 500~600 DEG C, made flat
It is hot that blank holder is in high temperature；
C. 10-25 DEG C of cooling water is passed in the cavity plate and punch-pin cooling duct pre-set, is made initial in the step a
The cavity plate and punch-pin of change are all in low temperature cold conditions；
D. the previous procedure that mould is molded in the step a sets heating process, using heating furnace to aluminium to be formed
Sheet alloy is heated, and aluminum alloy plate materials is carried out into solution heat treatment to 500~600 DEG C in heating furnace, solid solution is protected
The warm time is 30-60 minutes；
E. when mould carries out operations for forming, according to the principle of FIFO, by the solid solution good heat insulation in the step d
Aluminum alloy plate materials are rapid to be taken out from heating furnace, and is sent in the hot flat pressure that reached a high temperature in the step a
On flange, aluminum alloy plate materials centering is aided in place using alignment pin, vital sheet material is still within high temperature before shaping
State；
F. the cavity plate initialized in the step a makes cavity plate elder generation and flat board with 50-100 millimeters of speed fast downlinks per second
Formula blank holder matched moulds, then make cavity plate and flat blank holder synchronously push, until cavity plate and the complete matched moulds of punch-pin, to aluminium alloy
Sheet material carries out compression molding, obtains aluminium alloy molding part, matched moulds is kept under clamping pressure 5-10 seconds, completes aluminium alloy molding part
Cooling Quenching process under matched moulds state；
G. the aluminium alloy molding part prepared in the step f is completed after Cooling Quenching process, and cavity plate is moved up into recovery to die sinking
Position, provides ejection pressure-pad-force by the hydraulic die cushion in press base and ejects flat blank holder to higher than punch-pin peak
Initial position, makes the aluminium alloy molding part after shaping is synchronous with flat blank holder to be disengaged from punch-pin, so as to take out aluminium alloy
Molding part；Then be moved rapidly into according to beat pass through the step d solid solutions isothermal holding it is good under a piece of aluminum alloy plate materials,
Continue repeating said steps e~step g, so that the aluminium alloy molding part subsequently prepared, so as to be carried out continuously aluminium alloy plate
Material die quenching composite molding technique；
H. by the aluminium alloy molding part prepared in the step g carry out again at 100-200 DEG C low temperature artificial aging reinforcing or
Natrual ageing is strengthened, and finally gives aluminum alloy part.
2. aluminum alloy plate materials die quenching composite forming method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In cavity plate and punch-pin
Cooling water is passed in cooling duct, according to the different quenching Critical cooling speed of different series aluminium alloy, the flow velocity of regulation cooling water comes
Adjust the temperature of cavity plate and punch-pin.
3. a kind of aluminum alloy heat processing and thermoforming integrated apparatus, including heating furnace (4) and thermal formation apparatus, carry out work successively
Skill connects to form front and rear processing apparatus, it is characterised in that：The heating furnace (4) can enter to aluminum alloy plate materials (1) before shaping
Row solution heat treatment；
The flip-over type mould composition that the thermal formation apparatus is driven using hydraulic press, mainly by cavity plate (6), punch-pin (3), flat
Board-like blank holder (2), hydraulic press pedestal (10), hydraulic pressure transmission rod (9) composition, the cavity plate (6) are fixedly installed in hydraulic press
Liang Shang, the hot aluminum alloy plate materials of high temperature (1) obtained after the heating furnace (4) solution heat treatment are transmitted by conveyer
It is fixed on the positioning on to the flat blank holder (2), the cavity plate (6) carries out downward matched moulds and upward by hydraulic-driven
Aluminum alloy plate materials (1) are carried out pressure forming processing, the punch-pin (3) is arranged at the lower section of the cavity plate (6), described by die sinking
Punch-pin (3) is fixedly mounted on the hydraulic press pedestal (10), makes the punch-pin (3) in whole forming process all the time in quiet
Only state, the hydraulic die cushion that the force transfer end of the hydraulic pressure transmission rod (9) passes through in the hydraulic press pedestal (10) provides ejection flanging
Power, can eject the flat blank holder (2), and can be by flat blank holder (2) ejection to higher than the punch-pin (3) highest
At point position, the initialized location carried out as flat blank holder (2) before clamping pressure processing and forming, the cavity plate
(6) outer rim boss can form clamping device with the flat blank holder (2), and the two ends of aluminum alloy plate materials (1) are pressed from both sides
Fasten, heater (8) is set, the flat blank holder (2) heated by the heater (8), control
And the hot temperature of the flat blank holder (2) is adjusted, cooling system (7) is also set up, by the cooling system (7) to institute
State cavity plate (6) and punch-pin (3) is cooled down, control and adjust the cold-state temperature of the cavity plate (6) and punch-pin (3), entering
During row clamping pressure processing and forming, aluminum alloy plate materials (1) are cooled down, sheet material (1) can be enabled aluminum alloy to and reach that quenching is critical cold
Speed.
4. aluminum alloy heat is handled and thermoforming integrated apparatus according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：By the heating
The hot aluminum alloy plate materials of high temperature (1) obtained after stove (4) solution heat treatment are rapidly transferred to described flat by conveyer
When on blank holder (2), placed using alignment pin (5) auxiliary aluminum alloy plate materials (1) centering, the alignment pin (5) is arranged at flat board
On formula blank holder (2), the two ends of aluminum alloy plate materials (1) are positioned respectively by the alignment pin (5) and are fixed on flat flanging
Enclose on (2), complete positioning process.
5. aluminum alloy heat processing and thermoforming integrated apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that：The flat board
The heater (8) of formula blank holder (2) uses heating rod, and a series of distribution of heating rods is arranged at into the flat blank holder
(2) in, the temperature of heating rod is controlled by external heating device.
6. aluminum alloy heat processing and thermoforming integrated apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that：The cavity plate
(6) and punch-pin (3) cooling system (7) use cooling-water duct device, by cooling-water duct distribution be arranged at the cavity plate (6)
With in punch-pin (3), the cavity plate (6) and punch-pin are adjusted by controlling to adjust the flow velocity of the cooling water in cooling-water duct device
(3) temperature.
7. aluminum alloy heat processing and thermoforming integrated apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that：The heating
Stove (4) uses continuous roll type stove, conveyer is integrated into the heating furnace (4), aluminum alloy plate materials (1) are in continuous roll type stove
Middle carry out solution heat treatment, after solution heat treatment is completed, the obtained hot aluminum alloy plate materials of high temperature (1) are directly passed by roller
Device is sent to be sent on the flat blank holder (2).
8. aluminum alloy heat processing and thermoforming integrated apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that：Driving is described
The hydraulic means of hydraulic pressure transmission rod (9) uses single-lift hydraulic press, and jacking driving is carried out to the hydraulic pressure transmission rod (9), described
When cavity plate (6) moves down progress matched moulds, the cavity plate (6) is also by the flat blank holder (2) to the hydraulic pressure power transmission
Bar (9) transmitting thrust, makes the hydraulic pressure transmission rod (9) be retracted.
9. aluminum alloy heat processing and thermoforming integrated apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that：The hydraulic pressure
Transmission rod (9) can also carry out decline rollback by the weight of itself.
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| CN109226401A (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2019-01-18 | 蔚来汽车有限公司 | A kind of manufacturing process of aluminium alloy sheet part |
| CN108817192A (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2018-11-16 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of cooling electric pulse heat forming technology of aluminum alloy synchronous and device |
| CN108971345A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2018-12-11 | 招商局铝业(重庆)有限公司 | High-strength aluminum alloy case thermoforming drawing die and method |
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| CN110252841A (en) * | 2019-07-06 | 2019-09-20 | 深圳万佳互动科技有限公司 | A kind of manufacturing process of aluminum alloy plate materials |
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| CN111485185A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-08-04 | 上海交通大学 | Aluminum alloy plate compounding-solution quenching integrated hot forming method |
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| CN113684431A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-11-23 | 北京航空航天大学 | Aluminum alloy rapid forming and property control integration method |
| CN114192648A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-03-18 | 上海大学 | Local heating assisted stamping forming process method and device |
| CN114045450A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-02-15 | 天津航天长征火箭制造有限公司 | Thermal deformation quenching composite forming method for aerospace aluminum alloy curved surface piece |
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