CN102615201B - Cold-hot compound die molding method for aluminum alloy sheet metal component - Google Patents
Cold-hot compound die molding method for aluminum alloy sheet metal component Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cold-hot compound die molding method for an aluminum alloy sheet metal component, and relates to a molding method for a sheet metal component. The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the conventional hot-state molding method for the aluminum alloy sheet metal component is low in molding efficiency and can easily cause local crinkles and fractures, and provides the cold-hot compound die molding method for the aluminum alloy sheet metal component. The cold-hot compound die molding method comprises the following steps of: 1, heating a lower die to a temperature of between 200 and 900 DEG C; 2, placing an aluminum alloy plate blank on the lower die and heating the aluminum alloy plate blank to the deformation temperature of the aluminum alloy plate blank; 3, closing the die to press the aluminum alloy plate blank into the aluminum alloy sheet metal component; 4, separating the aluminum alloy sheet metal component, an upper die and a blank holder from the lower die; and 5, cooling the upper die and the blank holder, keeping the temperature for a certain period of time, and taking the aluminum alloy sheet metal component down to finish the cold-hot compound die molding of the aluminum alloy sheet metal component. According to the method, a cold-hot compound die in which the upper die is in a cold state and the lower die is in a hot state is adopted to mold the aluminum alloy sheet metal component. The cold-hot compound die molding method is suitable for making the aluminum alloy sheet metal component.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the manufacturing process of sheet metal component.
Background technology
2000 be, 6000 be etc. that aluminium alloy can improve its intensity by heat treatment method (as solid solution, timeliness).For this type of aluminum alloy plate materials part, adopt first completes the shaping of part more under normal temperature state at present, then part taken out and carries out solid solution and Ageing Treatment from mould.But, when solid solution, timeliness, need to heat plate material parts, in this process, due to inhomogeneous, expand with heat and contract with cold and the impact of thermal stress, internal stress, the geomery of part easily changes, all the more so for complex-shaped, larger-size part.
For can not also often being adopted and form to improve the forming property of material under heated condition by the aluminum alloy materials of heat treatment reinforcement, thereby realize, deflection is large, the shaping of complex-shaped part.The present conventional hot manufacturing process of sheet metal component (as superplasticforming), the mold adopting and bed die and blank holder etc. are all in hot.When be shaped finishing, if part is directly taken out from mould, carry out coolingly, can produce obvious shape, change in size.In order to guarantee that part has enough strength and stiffness in taking-up process, need to wait upper/lower die and part to be all cooled to take out again part after uniform temperature.And before carrying out next part forming, need again upper/lower die to be heated to the temperature of needs.In whole forming process, mold cools down and again heating have often taken most time, cause forming efficiency very low.
At present, also have a kind of hot manufacturing process of aluminium alloy sheet metal component, the mold using and bed die are all cold conditions.By being placed into fast through the slab of preheating, between upper/lower die and within very short time, complete shaping.After part forming, directly to passing into cooling water in closed upper/lower die, realize the cooling of mould and part.Because contacting rear its temperature with the upper/lower die of cold conditions, hot slab will decline very soon, in order to guarantee that slab also keeps enough temperature (to make it have good forming property) in forming process, require forming process in seconds to complete, this has proposed very high requirement to former.In addition, in whole forming process, the temperature of slab after preheating cannot be controlled and be regulated, after contacting a period of time with upper/lower die, Temperature Distribution on slab may and be unfavorable for the smooth shaping of part, thereby easily causes the forming defectses such as part is wrinkling and break.Therefore, the method is difficult to the shaping of complicated shape sheet metal component.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be to solve the hot manufacturing process forming efficiency of existing aluminium alloy sheet metal component low, easily cause the local wrinkling and technical problem of breaking, and provide aluminium alloy sheet metal component cold and hot compound die manufacturing process.
The cold and hot compound die manufacturing process of aluminium alloy sheet metal component of the present invention comprises the following steps:
One, bed die is heated to 200～900 ℃;
Two, aluminum alloy slab is placed on bed die, makes aluminum alloy slab be heated to its deformation temperature;
Three, by mold and blank holder in 2～10 seconds with bed die matched moulds, aluminum alloy slab is pressed into aluminium alloy sheet metal component;
Four, on aluminium alloy sheet metal component, mold are together with blank holder, move, they and bed die are thrown off;
Five, mold and blank holder are cooled to 20～150 ℃ and keep 2～10 seconds, then aluminium alloy sheet metal component are taken off, complete the cold and hot compound die of aluminium alloy sheet metal component and be shaped.
It is that cold conditions, bed die are that hot cold and hot composite die carries out the shaping of aluminum alloy slab that the present invention adopts mold, can realize slab and be shaped under heated condition, and in cooling procedure, sheet metal component still links together with mold and blank holder.The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: when (1) is shaped, the temperature of slab is mainly subject to the impact of bed die, easily realize the accurate control to the actual forming temperature of sheet material, the problem that while having avoided adopting cold conditions fast die-forming, sheet material temperature cannot accurately be controlled; (2) when cooling, sheet metal component is subject to the constraint of mold and blank holder, can avoid sheet metal component in cooling procedure, to occur shape, change in size, by once-forming, can directly obtain the part that shape, dimensional accuracy meet the demands; (3) after being shaped, only need to carry out mold and blank holder coolingly fast, bed die is always in heated condition, avoided to bed die mild heat falls repeatedly, greatly shortened curring time, improved production efficiency; (4) be shaped and cooling procedure in, the temperature of mold and blank holder is lower, therefore the shape of mould, size kept stable can obtain shape, final part that dimensional accuracy is high.
The cold and hot compound die of employing of the present invention carries out the shaping of aluminium alloy sheet metal component and carries out method cooling or Quenching Treatment in mould being suitable for preparing aluminium alloy sheet metal component.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the step 2 of the cold and hot compound die manufacturing process of the specific embodiment one aluminium alloy sheet metal component; Wherein 1 is bed die, and 2 is mold, and 3 is aluminum alloy slab, and 4 is blank holder;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the step 3 of the cold and hot compound die manufacturing process of the specific embodiment one aluminium alloy sheet metal component; Wherein 1 is bed die, and 2 is mold, and 4 is blank holder, and 5 is aluminium alloy sheet metal component;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the step 4 of the cold and hot compound die manufacturing process of the specific embodiment one aluminium alloy sheet metal component; Wherein 1 is bed die, and 2 is mold, and 4 is blank holder, and 5 is aluminium alloy sheet metal component;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of step 2 of the cold and hot compound die manufacturing process of aluminium alloy sheet metal component of the specific embodiment three; Wherein 1 is bed die, and 2 is mold, and 3 is aluminum alloy slab, and 4 is blank holder; 6 is heating rod, and 8 is mold Cooling Holes, 9 blank holder Cooling Holes;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of step 2 of the cold and hot compound die manufacturing process of aluminium alloy sheet metal component of the specific embodiment four; Wherein 1 is bed die, and 2 is mold, and 3 is aluminum alloy slab, and 4 is blank holder; 7 is heating plate, and 8 is mold Cooling Holes, and 9 is blank holder Cooling Holes;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of step 2 of the cold and hot compound die manufacturing process of aluminium alloy sheet metal component of the specific embodiment seven; Wherein 1 is bed die, and 2 is mold, and 3 is aluminum alloy slab, and 4 is blank holder; 8 is mold Cooling Holes, and 9 is blank holder Cooling Holes; 10 is the supporting plate that floats; 11 is spring;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of step 3 of the cold and hot compound die manufacturing process of aluminium alloy sheet metal component of the specific embodiment seven; Wherein 1 is bed die, and 2 is mold, and 5 is aluminium alloy sheet metal component, and 4 is blank holder; 8 is mold Cooling Holes, and 9 is blank holder Cooling Holes; 10 is the supporting plate that floats; 11 is spring;
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of step 4 of the cold and hot compound die manufacturing process of aluminium alloy sheet metal component of the specific embodiment seven; Wherein 1 is bed die, and 2 is mold, and 5 is aluminium alloy sheet metal component, and 4 is blank holder; 8 is mold Cooling Holes, and 9 is blank holder Cooling Holes; 10 is the supporting plate that floats; 11 is spring;
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of step 2 of the cold and hot compound die manufacturing process of aluminium alloy sheet metal component of the specific embodiment eight; Wherein 1 is bed die, and 2 is mold, and 3 is aluminum alloy slab, and 4 is blank holder; 8 is mold Cooling Holes, and 9 is blank holder Cooling Holes; 10 is the supporting plate that floats; 11 is spring, and 12 is heating element heater.
The specific embodiment
The specific embodiment one: the cold and hot compound die manufacturing process of aluminium alloy sheet metal component of (referring to accompanying drawing 1,2 and 3) present embodiment carries out according to the following steps:
One, bed die 1 is heated to 200～900 ℃;
Two, aluminum alloy slab 3 is placed on bed die 1, makes aluminum alloy slab 3 be heated to its deformation temperature;
Three, by mold 2 and blank holder 4 in 2～10 seconds with bed die 1 matched moulds, aluminum alloy slab 3 is pressed into aluminium alloy sheet metal component 5;
Four, on aluminium alloy sheet metal component 5, mold 2 are together with blank holder 4, move, they and bed die 1 are thrown off;
Five, mold 2 and blank holder 4 are cooled to 20～150 ℃ and keep 2～10 seconds, then aluminium alloy sheet metal component 5 are taken off, complete the cold and hot compound die of aluminium alloy sheet metal component and be shaped.
The specific embodiment two: the cold and hot compound die manufacturing process of aluminium alloy sheet metal component of (referring to accompanying drawing 1,2 and 3) present embodiment carries out according to the following steps:
One, aluminum alloy slab 3 is carried out to solution treatment; Bed die 1 is heated to 200～900 ℃;
Two, the aluminum alloy slab 3 after step 1 processing is placed on bed die 1, makes aluminum alloy slab 3 be heated to its deformation temperature;
Three, by mold 2 and blank holder 4 in 2～10 seconds with bed die 1 matched moulds, aluminum alloy slab 3 is pressed into aluminium alloy sheet metal component 5;
Four, on aluminium alloy sheet metal component 5, mold 2 are together with blank holder 4, move, they and bed die 1 are thrown off;
Five, mold 2 and blank holder 4 are cooled to 20～150 ℃ and keep 2～10 seconds, then aluminium alloy sheet metal component 5 are taken off; Aluminium alloy sheet metal component 5 is carried out to artificial aging processing, complete the cold and hot compound die of aluminium alloy sheet metal component and be shaped.
Present embodiment is first carried out solution treatment by aluminum alloy slab to be formed 3, and the aluminium alloy sheet metal component 5 after being shaped is carried out to artificial aging processing, to improve the intensity of aluminium alloy sheet metal component 5.
The specific embodiment three: (referring to Fig. 4) present embodiment is different from the specific embodiment one or two is that the mode of heating of bed die 1 in step 1 is, the heating rod 6 that employing is built in bed die 1 heats, and other is identical with the specific embodiment one or two.
The specific embodiment four: (referring to Fig. 5) present embodiment is different from the specific embodiment one or two is that the mode of heating of bed die 1 in step 1 is, employing is placed on bed die 1 heating plate 7 around heats, and other is identical with the specific embodiment one or two.
The specific embodiment five: (referring to Fig. 4, Fig. 5) present embodiment is different from one of specific embodiment one to four is that in step 5, the cool-down method of mold 2 and blank holder 4 is to adopt to passing into cooling water or liquid nitrogen etc. in the Cooling Holes 9 of the Cooling Holes 8 in mold 2 and blank holder 4 to make its temperature with the Speed Reduction of 30～100 ℃/sec.Other is identical with one of specific embodiment one to four.
The specific embodiment six: what (referring to Fig. 1,2 and 3) present embodiment was different from the specific embodiment one is that step 2 replaces in order to lower operation: aluminum alloy slab 3 is first preheated to 150～350 ℃, then be placed on bed die 1, make aluminum alloy slab 3 be heated to its deformation temperature.Other is identical with the specific embodiment one.
Present embodiment, by aluminum alloy slab 3 preheatings, can shorten the heat time of aluminum alloy slab 3 on bed die 1.
The specific embodiment seven: (referring to Fig. 6,7,8) present embodiment is different from the specific embodiment one or two: be provided with float supporting plate 10 and spring 11 in the die cavity of bed die 1, supporting plate 10 bottoms of floating are supported and are connected with die cavity with spring 11.Other is identical with the specific embodiment one or two.
Present embodiment is when bed die 1 is heated, and the supporting plate 10 that floats also will be heated together.When mold 2 and blank holder 4 move downward, the supporting plate 10 that floats will move down together along with aluminum alloy slab 2; While moving on mold 2, the supporting plate 10 that floats will move until aluminium alloy sheet metal component 5 departs from lower mode cavities on together along with aluminium alloy sheet metal component 5 after being shaped.
Adopt this embodiment, in hot unsteady supporting plate 10, will directly contact with aluminum alloy slab 3 to be formed, it will heat aluminum alloy slab 3 together with bed die 1, improved the efficiency of heating surface, and can prevent from after mold 2 from contacting with aluminum alloy slab 3 making aluminum alloy slab 3 temperature fast reducings, affect its forming property.In addition, after forming process and shaping, in die sinking process, the supporting plate 10 that floats will apply certain pressure to aluminium alloy sheet metal component 5, can prevent the defects such as Local Cracking of aluminium alloy sheet metal component 5.
The specific embodiment eight: (referring to Fig. 9) present embodiment is different from the specific embodiment seven: be provided with independently heating element heater 12 on unsteady supporting plate 10.Other is identical with the specific embodiment one or two.
The temperature of unsteady supporting plate 10 can be controlled by heating element heater 12 is independent.Adopt this embodiment, can on the supporting plate 10 that floats, realize different Temperature Distribution.When it contacts with aluminum alloy slab 3 to be formed, will on aluminum alloy slab 3, form corresponding temperature field, thereby provide possibility for realizing the shaping of complicated shape part.
With following verification experimental verification beneficial effect of the present invention:
Test one: the cold and hot compound die manufacturing process of 5A06 aluminium alloy sheet metal component of (referring to accompanying drawing 1,2 and 3) present embodiment carries out according to the following steps:
One, bed die 1 is heated to 550 ℃;
Two, aluminum alloy slab 3 is placed on bed die 1, makes aluminum alloy slab 3 be heated to its 450 ℃ of deformation temperatures;
Three, by mold 2 and blank holder 4 in 5 seconds with bed die 1 matched moulds, aluminum alloy slab 3 is pressed into aluminium alloy sheet metal component 5;
Four, on aluminium alloy sheet metal component 5, mold 2 are together with blank holder 4, move, they and bed die 1 are thrown off;
Five, mold 2 and blank holder 4 are cooled to 75 ℃ and keep 5 seconds, then aluminium alloy sheet metal component 5 are taken off, complete the cold and hot compound die of aluminium alloy sheet metal component and be shaped.
After shaping, the temperature of aluminium alloy sheet metal component 5 is no more than 50 ℃, shape, dimensionally stable, and tensile strength is 95% of initial blank before being shaped.
Test two: the cold and hot compound die manufacturing process of 6061 aluminium alloy sheet metal component of (referring to accompanying drawing 1,2 and 3) present embodiment carries out according to the following steps:
One, aluminum alloy slab 3 is carried out to solution treatment; Bed die 1 is heated to 600 ℃;
Two, the aluminum alloy slab 3 of processing through step 1 is placed on bed die 1, makes aluminum alloy slab 3 be heated to its 475 ℃ of deformation temperatures;
Three, by mold 2 and blank holder 4 in 5 seconds with bed die 1 matched moulds, aluminum alloy slab 3 is pressed into aluminium alloy sheet metal component 5;
Four, on aluminium alloy sheet metal component 5, mold 2 are together with blank holder 4, move, they and bed die 1 are thrown off;
Five, mold 2 and blank holder 4 are cooled to 100 ℃ and keep 10 seconds, then aluminium alloy sheet metal component 5 are taken off, aluminium alloy sheet metal component 5 is carried out to artificial aging processing, complete the cold and hot compound die of aluminium alloy sheet metal component and be shaped.
Temperature when aluminium alloy sheet metal component 5 takes off is no more than 75 ℃, shape, dimensionally stable.After artificial aging is processed, tensile strength is 120% of initial blank before being shaped.
Test three: the cold and hot compound die manufacturing process of 7075 aluminium alloy sheet metal component of (referring to accompanying drawing 6,7 and 8) present embodiment carries out according to the following steps:
One, in the die cavity of bed die 1, be provided with float supporting plate 10 and spring 11, supporting plate 10 bottoms of floating are supported and are connected with die cavity with spring 11; Bed die 1 and unsteady supporting plate 10 are heated to 650 ℃;
Two, aluminum alloy slab 3 is first preheated to 300 ℃, is then placed on bed die 1, make aluminum alloy slab 3 be heated to its 500 ℃ of deformation temperatures;
Three, by mold 2 and blank holder 4 in 5 seconds with bed die 1 matched moulds, the supporting plate 10 that floats will move down together along with aluminum alloy slab 2, and aluminum alloy slab 3 is pressed into aluminium alloy sheet metal component 5;
Four, on aluminium alloy sheet metal component 5, mold 2 are together with blank holder 4, move, they and bed die 1 are thrown off;
Five, mold 2 and blank holder 4 are cooled to 100 ℃ and keep 10 seconds, then aluminium alloy sheet metal component 5 are taken off, complete the cold and hot compound die of aluminium alloy sheet metal component and be shaped.
After shaping, the temperature of aluminium alloy sheet metal component 5 is no more than 75 ℃, shape, dimensionally stable, and tensile strength is 96% of initial blank before being shaped.
Claims (1)
1. the cold and hot compound die manufacturing process of aluminium alloy sheet metal component, is characterized in that the cold and hot compound die manufacturing process of aluminium alloy sheet metal component comprises the following steps:
One, aluminum alloy slab (3) is carried out to solution treatment; Bed die (1) is heated to 600 ℃;
Two, the aluminum alloy slab (3) of processing through step 1 is placed into bed die (1) upper, makes aluminum alloy slab (3) be heated to its 475 ℃ of deformation temperatures;
Three, by mold (2) and blank holder (4) in 5 seconds with bed die (1) matched moulds, aluminum alloy slab (3) is pressed into aluminium alloy sheet metal component (5);
Four, aluminium alloy sheet metal component (5), mold (2) and blank holder (4) are moved on together, they and bed die (1) are thrown off;
Five, mold (2) and blank holder (4) are cooled to 100 ℃ and keep 10 seconds, then aluminium alloy sheet metal component (5) are taken off, aluminium alloy sheet metal component (5) is carried out to artificial aging processing, complete the cold and hot compound die of aluminium alloy sheet metal component and be shaped.
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| CN201210124230.XA CN102615201B (en) | 2012-04-25 | 2012-04-25 | Cold-hot compound die molding method for aluminum alloy sheet metal component |
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| CN201210124230.XA CN102615201B (en) | 2012-04-25 | 2012-04-25 | Cold-hot compound die molding method for aluminum alloy sheet metal component |
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Effective date of registration: 20210311 Address after: 301900 south of Cangyuan street, east of Fuqiang Road, jingjinzhouhe science and Technology Industrial Park, Jizhou District, Tianjin (5m away from Fuqiang Road) Patentee after: Tianjin Hagong Yongxing Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: Room 1107, 11 / F, National University Science Park, Harbin Institute of technology, No. 434, youyou street, Nangang District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, 150006 Patentee before: Harbin Institute of Technology Asset Management Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: Yuan Shijian Patentee before: He Zhubin |
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