CN111206193A - Low-speed hot forming-quenching composite forming method for aluminum alloy component - Google Patents
Low-speed hot forming-quenching composite forming method for aluminum alloy component Download PDFInfo
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- CN111206193A CN111206193A CN202010076071.5A CN202010076071A CN111206193A CN 111206193 A CN111206193 A CN 111206193A CN 202010076071 A CN202010076071 A CN 202010076071A CN 111206193 A CN111206193 A CN 111206193A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
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Abstract
The invention discloses a forming method of slow hot forming-quenching compounding of an aluminum alloy member. The method comprises the following steps: (1) carrying out solution heat treatment on the aluminum alloy plate; (2) starting a heating device of a lower female die in the cold-hot composite die, and keeping the temperature of the lower female die lower than the solid solution temperature of the aluminum alloy by 10-100 ℃; (3) transferring the aluminum alloy plate from the solid solution device to a lower female die for 10-50 seconds; (4) when the temperature of the aluminum alloy plate is consistent with that of the lower female die, starting slow forming of the component, and keeping the temperature after forming, wherein the total time of forming and heat preservation is controlled to be 10-40 minutes; (5) opening the die, and quenching the component on the upper male die; (6) and (5) carrying out aging treatment on the component. The quenching transfer time is sufficient, and the operation is easy; the slow forming after cooling can improve the forming quality of a complex component, reduce the residual stress, improve the grain boundary precipitation of the aluminum alloy and improve the corrosion performance of the component; convenient operation and easy realization of industrial production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal material processing, and particularly relates to a forming method for slow hot forming-quenching compounding of an aluminum alloy plate.
Background
The aluminum alloy has poor room temperature plasticity, is difficult to form a member with a complex shape, and the application of the warm forming technology can improve the yield of the aluminum alloy complex part, but has relatively high cost. The hot forming-quenching composite forming technology realizes the compounding of solid solution, forming and quenching at the solid solution temperature of the aluminum alloy, and is an efficient and energy-saving manufacturing process. The invention CN102216484A discloses a forming method of an aluminum alloy sheet member, which transfers a solution heat-treated aluminum alloy sheet semi-finished product (the transfer is completed within 10 seconds) to a group of cold dies for rapid forming (the forming is completed within 0.15 seconds), and then carries out quenching on a plate between the cold dies. Chinese invention CN102712985A discloses a method for forming a component with a complex shape, which mainly comprises the following steps: heating the sheet to a temperature below the solution heat treatment temperature of the alloy, followed by forming the heated sheet; then heating the sheet to a solution temperature and substantially maintaining the temperature until solution is complete, and finally quenching the solution heat treated sheet between the cold dies. The invention CN109433924A discloses a die for realizing rapid forming and quenching in a die. In the common hot forming-quenching composite forming process, the time for transferring the plate from the solid solution device to the forming die is very short, the operation is difficult, the deformation time is short, and the plate is easy to crack and fail in the high-temperature short-time forming process.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a slow hot forming-quenching composite forming method for an aluminum alloy plate, which has the advantages of sufficient plate transfer time, easy operation and capability of avoiding fracture failure during high-temperature short-time forming. Meanwhile, the grain boundary is preferentially precipitated in the forming and heat preservation process (under the condition of small driving force) at the temperature close to the solid solubility, and then the grain boundary is precipitated in a discontinuous distribution by aging, so that the corrosion performance of the aluminum alloy member is improved.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a forming method of slow hot forming-quenching composite of an aluminum alloy plate comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out solution heat treatment on the aluminum alloy plate at the solution heat treatment temperature;
(2) starting a heating device of a lower female die in the cold-hot composite die, and keeping the temperature of the lower female die lower than the solid solution temperature of the aluminum alloy by 10-100 ℃;
(3) transferring the aluminum alloy plate from the solid solution device to a lower female die, and controlling the transfer time to be 10-50 seconds;
(4) when the temperature of the aluminum alloy plate is consistent with that of the lower female die, starting slow forming of the member, keeping the temperature after forming, and controlling the total time of forming and heat preservation to be 10-40 minutes (preferably, the heat preservation time is controlled to be 15-30 minutes);
(5) opening the die, and quenching the component on the upper male die;
(6) and (5) carrying out aging treatment on the component.
Further, the method is carried out in a cold-hot composite die, the cold-hot composite die consists of a lower female die and an upper male die which are matched with each other, a heating device is arranged at the upper part of the lower female die, a cooling quenching device is arranged at the lower part of the upper male die, and two sides of the lower female die are connected with a discharging plate through discharging springs.
Further, in the step (2), the keeping temperature of the lower concave die is 15-80 ℃ lower than the solid solution temperature of the aluminum alloy.
Further, in the step (3), the transfer time is controlled to be 15-40 seconds.
Further, in the step (4), the total time of forming and heat preservation is 15-30 minutes.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the method has sufficient quenching transfer time, can avoid the defects of short quenching transfer time and short forming time of the common hot forming-quenching composite forming, and is easy to operate in the forming process.
(2) According to the method, the complex component can be deformed more uniformly by slow forming after cooling, the forming quality of the complex component is improved, and the residual stress of the component is reduced.
(3) According to the method, the grain boundary precipitation of the aluminum alloy is improved in the forming process and the subsequent aging precipitation, and the corrosion performance of the component is improved.
(4) The invention is convenient to operate and easy to realize industrial production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a die structure of the present invention, wherein 1, a lower female die, 2, an aluminum plate, 3, a stripper, 4, a stripper spring, 5, an upper male die, 6, a cooling and quenching device, and 7, a heating device.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the forming method of the present invention.
FIG. 3 shows a grain boundary precipitated phase of a conventional molding member.
FIG. 4 shows a grain boundary precipitated phase of a molding member according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figure 1, the cold-hot composite die adopted by the method of the invention comprises a lower female die 1 and an upper male die 5 which are matched with each other, wherein the upper part of the lower female die 1 is provided with a heating device 7, the lower part of the upper male die 5 is provided with a cooling and quenching device 6, and two sides of the lower female die 1 are connected with a discharging plate 3 through a discharging spring 4 and are fixed through a discharging screw.
Example 1
The 7055 aluminum alloy component with the thickness of 2mm is prepared by adopting the method.
(1) Carrying out solution heat treatment on 7055 aluminum alloy with the thickness of 2mm by adopting a 470 ℃/2h process;
(2) starting a heating device 7 of a lower female die 1 in the cold-hot composite die to raise the temperature of the lower female die 7 to 440 ℃;
(3) transferring the 7055 aluminum alloy plate from the solid solution device to the lower female die 1 for 15 seconds;
(4) when the temperature of the 7055 aluminum alloy plate is 440 ℃, starting to slowly form a component, and keeping the temperature for a period of time after forming, wherein the total forming and heat-preserving time is controlled to be 30 minutes;
(5) opening the die, and quenching the upper male die 5 by a cooling quenching device 6;
(6) and (5) carrying out aging treatment on the component.
Comparative example 1
For comparison, the same batch of 7055 aluminum alloy with the thickness of 2mm is formed by adopting a common hot forming-quenching composite process, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) adopting a 470 ℃/2h process to carry out solution heat treatment on 7055 aluminum alloy with the thickness of 2 mm;
(2) transferring the 7055 aluminum alloy plate from the solid solution device to a lower female die for 7 seconds;
(3) rapid forming;
(4) opening the die, and quenching the component on the upper male die;
(5) and (5) carrying out aging treatment on the component.
Example 2
Forming to prepare a 7050 aluminum alloy member with the thickness of 1.5 mm.
(1) Adopting 470 ℃/2h technology to carry out solution heat treatment on 7050 aluminum alloy with the thickness of 1.5 mm;
(2) starting a heating device 7 of a lower female die 1 in the cold-hot composite die to raise the temperature of the lower female die 7 to 400 ℃;
(3) transferring the 7050 aluminum alloy plate from the solid solution device to the lower female die 1 for 30 seconds;
(4) when the temperature of the 7050 aluminum alloy plate is 400 ℃, starting to slowly form a component, and keeping the temperature for a period of time after forming, wherein the total time of forming and heat preservation is controlled to be 20 minutes;
(5) opening the die, and quenching the upper male die 5 by a cooling quenching device 6;
(6) and (5) carrying out aging treatment on the component. Comparative example 2 was set up as comparative example 2.
Comparative example 2
For comparison, the same batch of 7050 aluminum alloy with the thickness of 1.5mm is formed by adopting a common hot forming-quenching composite process, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) adopting 470 ℃/2h technology to carry out solution heat treatment on 7050 aluminum alloy with the thickness of 1.5 mm;
(2) transferring the 7050 aluminum alloy plate from the solid solution device to a lower female die for 7 seconds;
(3) rapid forming;
(4) opening the die, and quenching the component on the upper male die;
(5) and (5) carrying out aging treatment on the component.
Example 3
Shaping to prepare a 7N01 aluminum alloy member with the thickness of 1 mm.
(1) Carrying out solution heat treatment on 7N01 aluminum alloy with the thickness of 1mm by adopting a 470 ℃/2h process;
(2) starting a heating device 7 of a lower female die 1 in the cold-hot composite die to raise the temperature of the lower female die 7 to 420 ℃;
(3) transferring the 7N01 aluminum alloy plate from the solid solution device to the lower concave die 1 for 25 seconds;
(4) when the temperature of the 7N01 aluminum alloy plate is 420 ℃, starting slow forming of the member, and keeping the temperature for a period of time after forming, wherein the total forming and heat-preserving time is controlled to be 20 minutes;
(5) opening the die, and finishing quenching on the upper male die 5 by a cooling device 6;
(6) and (5) carrying out aging treatment on the component.
Comparative example 3
For comparison, the same batch of 7N01 aluminum alloy with the thickness of 1mm is formed by adopting a common hot forming-quenching composite process, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out solution heat treatment on 7N01 aluminum alloy with the thickness of 1mm by adopting a 470 ℃/2h process;
(2) transferring the 7N01 aluminum alloy plate from the solid solution device to a lower concave die for 7 seconds;
(3) rapid forming;
(4) opening the die, and quenching the component on the upper male die;
(5) and (5) carrying out aging treatment on the component.
The products obtained in the above examples and comparative examples were subjected to intergranular corrosion tests and exfoliation corrosion tests in accordance with GB7998-87 standard and ASTM G34-79. The following is illustrated by example 1 and comparative example 1:
the experimental results show that: the intergranular precipitation of the sample obtained in the comparative example 1 by adopting the common hot forming-quenching composite process is continuous precipitation, as shown in fig. 3, the maximum corrosion depths of the samples are respectively 130 μm, and the alloy spalling corrosion is EC level; the grain boundary precipitation of the sample adopting the method is distributed in a discontinuous state, as shown in figure 4, the maximum corrosion depth of the sample is 110 mu m respectively, and the alloy spalling corrosion is EA grade. The result shows that the method of the invention obviously improves the grain boundary precipitation of the aluminum alloy and obviously improves the corrosion performance of the component.
The experimental results obtained in the other examples and comparative examples were substantially identical to those obtained in example 1 and comparative example 1.
Claims (5)
1. A forming method of slow hot forming-quenching composite of an aluminum alloy plate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) carrying out solution heat treatment on the aluminum alloy plate at the solution heat treatment temperature;
(2) starting a heating device of a lower female die in the cold-hot composite die, and keeping the temperature of the lower female die lower than the solid solution temperature of the aluminum alloy by 10-100 ℃;
(3) transferring the aluminum alloy plate from the solid solution device to a lower female die, and controlling the transfer time to be 10-50 seconds;
(4) when the temperature of the aluminum alloy plate is consistent with that of the lower female die, starting slow forming of the component, keeping the temperature after forming, and controlling the total time of forming and keeping the temperature to be 10-40 minutes;
(5) opening the die, and quenching the component on the upper male die;
(6) and (5) carrying out aging treatment on the component.
2. The forming method of the slow hot forming-quenching composite of the aluminum alloy plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method is carried out in a cold and hot composite die, the cold and hot composite die is composed of an upper male die and a lower female die which are matched with each other, a heating device is arranged on the lower female die, a cooling and quenching device is arranged on the upper male die, and two sides of the lower female die are connected with a discharging plate through a discharging spring.
3. The forming method of the aluminum alloy sheet according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the holding temperature of the lower die is 10 to 100 ℃ lower than the solution temperature of the aluminum alloy.
4. The forming method of the aluminum alloy sheet material by slow hot forming-quenching composite as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the transfer time is controlled to be 10-50 seconds.
5. The forming method of the aluminum alloy plate by slow hot forming-quenching combination as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the total time of forming and heat preservation is 10-40 minutes.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010076071.5A CN111206193A (en) | 2020-01-22 | 2020-01-22 | Low-speed hot forming-quenching composite forming method for aluminum alloy component |
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| CN202010076071.5A CN111206193A (en) | 2020-01-22 | 2020-01-22 | Low-speed hot forming-quenching composite forming method for aluminum alloy component |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113684431A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-11-23 | 北京航空航天大学 | Aluminum alloy rapid forming and property control integration method |
| CN113828678A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2021-12-24 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Controllable gas-assisted light alloy metal plate cold die hot forming method |
| CN114318182A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-04-12 | 大连理工大学 | Hot forming method and device for large-size high-strength aluminum alloy aviation thin-wall part |
| CN115125371A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2022-09-30 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Device for controlling temperature of aluminum alloy during heating and quenching |
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| WO2008059242A2 (en) * | 2006-11-14 | 2008-05-22 | The University Of Birmingham | Process for forming metal alloy sheet components |
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2020
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2008059242A2 (en) * | 2006-11-14 | 2008-05-22 | The University Of Birmingham | Process for forming metal alloy sheet components |
| CN103695817A (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2014-04-02 | 南京航空航天大学 | Heat-treatable aluminum alloy synchronous-quenching thermal-forming process |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115125371A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2022-09-30 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Device for controlling temperature of aluminum alloy during heating and quenching |
| CN113684431A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-11-23 | 北京航空航天大学 | Aluminum alloy rapid forming and property control integration method |
| CN113828678A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2021-12-24 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Controllable gas-assisted light alloy metal plate cold die hot forming method |
| CN114318182A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-04-12 | 大连理工大学 | Hot forming method and device for large-size high-strength aluminum alloy aviation thin-wall part |
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Application publication date: 20200529 |