CN102554040A - Magnesium alloy sheet different temperature drawing mold - Google Patents
Magnesium alloy sheet different temperature drawing mold Download PDFInfo
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- CN102554040A CN102554040A CN2012100116761A CN201210011676A CN102554040A CN 102554040 A CN102554040 A CN 102554040A CN 2012100116761 A CN2012100116761 A CN 2012100116761A CN 201210011676 A CN201210011676 A CN 201210011676A CN 102554040 A CN102554040 A CN 102554040A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a magnesium alloy sheet different temperature drawing mold. The mold is of inverted type, i.e. a drawing terrace mold (12) and a blank holder (1) are installed at a lower mold of the mold; a concave mold (32) is installed at the upper mold of the mold; a resistance annular heating coil and a temperature measuring element thermal coupler are embedded in the concave mold (32) and the blank holder (1); the upper mold and the lower mold are guided by a ball guide pillar (11) and a guide sleeve (17); and a drawing piece is pushed out from the concave mold (32) by a spring and a hitting plate (18) in the upper mold. A mode of different temperature drawing mold structure is adopted, i.e. a contact part of the blank holder and the concave mold with a blank deformation area is heated, and the cylindrical walls of the concave mold and the terrace mold are cooled, so that the plate blank is provided with a rational temperature difference during the drawing process. The mode of different temperature drawing mold structure is adopted and the surface roughness value of the working surface of the drawing terrace mold is larger than the surface roughness value of the working surface of the blank holder, so that the limiting drawing ratio of AZ31B is improved greatly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the magnesium alloy processing technique field, in particular a kind of magnesium alloy sheet differential temperature cupping tool.
Background technology
Along with automobile, Aeronautics and Astronautics, electronic industrial products develop to lightweight and property requirementization direction; Magnesium alloy punched product is high as a kind of light weight, intensity and toughness, electromagnetic wave shielding and the good nonferrous materials structural member of damping vibration attenuation property, has bright prospects in the application of these industries.But magnesium alloy at room temperature is difficult to the punching press distortion, and the correlative study achievement is less.Research magnesium alloy sheet stamp forming technology is significant to improving the magnesium alloy range of application.Based on high-strength light, property excellence and mineral resources advantage; Magnesium alloy is described as " 21 century green engineering structural material "; Be the important potentiality material of " resource-conserving, environmentally friendly " social development, becoming the main preferred material of industries such as the automobile that develops to lightweight and property requirementization direction, Aeronautics and Astronautics, electronics, communication.
The forming method of magnesium alloy is identical with the forming method of other metal material, mainly is to carry out through casting and plastic deformation dual mode.Casting can be produced the part of shape more complicated; Therefore; Magnesium alloy parts about 80% are through casting method production in the market, but the part of Foundry Production is owing to organize shrinkage porosite to cause comprehensive mechanical property poor, and wall thickness, waste of material are serious; And casting method can't be produced, and thin-walled parts, the working condition of high surface area is abominable, environmental pollution is serious, production efficiency is low, production cost is high, has limited its extensive use in commercial production.For being the plate parts of characteristic with thin-walled and high surface area, punch process is the most practicable method, and drawing can be produced thin-walled, part that comprehensive mechanical property is good fast.In recent years, both at home and abroad the stamp forming technology of magnesium alloy is shown great attention to, the numerous and confused expansion studied.The quality of stamping parts depends primarily on stamp forming technologies such as process for stamping and forming, mould, equipment; But magnesium alloy is because its close-packed hexagonal crystal structure characteristic; Temperature-room type plasticity is poor; Be difficult to drawing, at present relevant magnesium alloy sheet stamp forming technology achievement in research major part is confined to laboratory research and uses, and does not also get into the level of industrial-scale production; In the complicated auto industry and aerospace industry of material deformation, have only a small amount of stamping parts of indivedual enterprises to adopt magnesium alloy during particularly big, drawing in the stamping parts use amount.Therefore, carry out the magnesium alloy sheet stamp forming technology in a deep going way, enlarge the application of magnesium alloy stamping part in commercial production and have crucial meaning realizing suitability for industrialized production.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is that the deficiency that is directed against prior art provides a kind of magnesium alloy sheet differential temperature cupping tool.
Technical scheme of the present invention is following:
A kind of magnesium alloy sheet differential temperature cupping tool; Mould adopts flip-over type; Be the counterdie that pull and stretch punch (12) and blank holder (16) are installed in mould, die (32) is installed in the part of the upper die of mould, built-in resistor annular heater coil and temperature element thermocouple in die (32) and the blank holder (16); Upper die and lower die adopt ball guide pillar (11), guide pin bushing (17) to lead, and drawing part relies on spring (23) and re-pack (18) in the patrix that it is released from die (32).
Described magnesium alloy sheet differential temperature cupping tool; In the described patrix; Die (32) separates with thermal insulation layer (30) with die backing plate (28); Resistance annular heater coil (31) is set in the die cannelure it is heated, and thermocouple (33) is installed is controlled in real time, make die (32) temperature remain on predetermined temperature range; Die cushion block (28) is offered the annular cooling water road and is cooled off, and fitting tight circle (27) prevents the cooling water seepage between upper bolster (20) and the die backing plate (8).
Described magnesium alloy sheet differential temperature cupping tool in the described counterdie, is provided with resistance annular heater coil (15) and thermocouple (34) and makes blank holder (16) remain on range of set temperature in blank holder (16) cannelure; Punch (12) rear portion boring blind hole feeds recirculated water, and counterdie cooling water water inlet water nozzle (5) extend into the punch top from the punch axle center, and delivery port water nozzle (4) should be lower than sealing ring pressing plate (6).
Adopt differential temperature cupping tool version, promptly blank holder and die and contact site, blank deformation district are heated, punch and die barrel are cooled off, can make that plate has the rational temperature difference in the drawing process.Adopt differential temperature cupping tool version, and make the surface roughness value of the surface roughness value of pull and stretch punch working surface, the Limit Drawing ratio of AZ31B is greatly improved greater than die and blank holder working surface.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 magnesium alloy sheet deep-drawing deformation process and frictional force sketch map;
Fig. 2 is a magnesium alloy differential temperature cupping tool structural representation;
1,22, the 36-alignment pin numerical reference implication among the figure:; 2,21,25,35-screw; 3,27-sealing ring; 4,29-delivery port water nozzle; 5,19-water inlet water nozzle 6-sealing ring pressing plate; The 7-fixed head; The 8-backing plate; 9-discharging screw; The 10-die shoe; The 11-guide pillar; 12-pull and stretch punch; 13-heater coil pressing plate; 14,30-thermal insulation board; 15,31-resistance annular heater coil; The 16-blank holder; The 17-guide pin bushing; 18-re-packs; 20-upper bolster 23,37-spring; 24-makes bar; 26-mould pin; 28-die backing plate; The 32-die; 33,34-thermocouple.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, the present invention is elaborated.
5 slip systems such as magnesium has the close-packed hexagonal crystal structure, and total basal slip, prismatic surface slippage and the conical surface are twin have only basal plane to produce slippage under the room temperature, so cold formability are poor.When temperature raise, the slip system quantity of participating in distortion increased, and replied the work hardening that produces when crystallization also can be eliminated the part plastic deformation more simultaneously, and its plasticity is increased.Most of wrought magnesium alloy suits to carry out drawing at 200 ℃～400 ℃.Consider that from cost performance the AZ31B magnesium alloy sheet is fit to produce stamping parts, when it reaches certain limit in temperature, has good plasticity.From the stress-strain diagram of research AZ31B thin plate under different temperatures such as E.Doege, Zhang Xianhong, Gao Jun] show that the plasticity of magnesium alloy increases along with the rising of temperature, tensile strength sharply descends along with the rising of temperature.When temperature reached more than 200 ℃, the plasticity of AZ31B was better, can carry out drawing; But when temperature surpassed 235 ℃, the plasticity increment was very little, and the further intensification of material has not had practical significance.Therefore, the suitable drawing temperature range of AZ31B magnesium alloy sheet is 200 ℃～235 ℃.
Stressed and distortion situation according to each several part in the deep-drawing deformation process is different, can magnesium alloy pull and stretch blank be divided into 5 parts, and is as shown in Figure 1.Zone 1 is a flange portion; It is the main deformed area of drawing and forming; Material progressively forms barrel to the die internal flow under the effect of mould; In drawing process, this part material be in radially drawn, the plane stress state of tangential pressurized, and radially producing elongation and compression respectively with the tangential.The zone 2 is the die entrance district, material be in radially drawn, tangential and thick three-dimensional stress state to pressurized; Strain regime is radial drawing, tangential compression, the three dimensional strain state that thickness reduces.Zone 3 is barrel force transmission regions, and material only receives unidirectional action of pulling stress, and the pressure that forcing press is put on punch reaches zone 2 and zone 1.Zone 4 is the cylindrical member bottom, and it is the plane stress state of tension with the tangential radially that material is in, and deflection is little.Zone 5 is the punch-nose angle district, and material bears the tension of barrel and the pressure of punch, and the material bag bends to punch-nose angle, and distortion makes wall thickness reduction with bulging, and punch-nose angle is the thinnest with straight wall intersection wall thickness, if this place receives tensile stress sigma
lThe tensile strength sigma that surpasses material
kThe time, the thinnest zone of wall thickness that drawing part will intersect in zone 5 and zone 3 produces drawing crack.The mode that prevents drawing crack generally can be through the tensile strength that improves material, the attenuation rate that reduces bottom radius area material, the suffered tensile stress sigma of reduction bottom radius area
lCarry out etc. mode.
In the deep-drawing deformation process, the suffered frictional force of blank each several part has nothing in common with each other to the influence of deep-drawing deformation.Generally speaking; The size of frictional force is directly proportional with suffered normal pressure of blank contact surface and coefficient of friction; The suffered function of friction direction of blank is always along the tangential direction of blank and mould contact surface; And in the opposite direction with blank relative motion or relative motion trend, promptly for zone 1 with, the flange upper and lower surfaces produces frictional force F under the pressure effect of blank holder and die working surface
YuAnd F
Du, the direction of frictional force and suffered radially tension in the opposite direction hinders flowing of deformed area material, makes the deep-drawing deformation difficulty; For barrel force transmission region zone 3, material is close to convex mould surface, produces stiction F with convex mould surface
Pu, the direction of frictional force and suffered tension in the opposite direction reduces the tension that dangerouse cross-section bore, and drawing crack possibility in bottom is descended.
Be beneficial to drawing and forming in order to make magnesium alloy have good plasticity; Must the deformed area temperature be elevated to 200～235 ℃; But temperature also can make the tensile strength of magnesium alloy descend when raising; Increased the possibility of critical section drawing crack, the deformed area is in lower temperature to keep tensile strength constant so should take measures to make.Therefore can take differential temperature deep-drawing technique method, (ledge zone) carried out local heat in the blank deformation district, carries out the part cooling in force transmission region, dangerous end face and tube territory, base area.Its key is to guarantee that the temperature of mould each several part is even and fluctuation range is little; The heat that will prevent mould simultaneously is delivered on the forcing press, and build-up of pressure machine slide block and guide rail are stuck, the fretting wear of aggravation slide block, the service life of reducing former.
Differential temperature cupping tool general structure provided by the invention is as shown in Figure 2.For the ease of the heating and cooling system is set; Mould adopts flip-over type; Be the counterdie that pull and stretch punch 12 and blank holder 16 are installed in mould, die 32 is installed in the part of the upper die of mould, built-in resistor annular heater coil 15, resistance annular heater coil 31 and temperature element thermocouple 33, thermocouple 34 in die 32 and the blank holder 16; Upper and lower mould adopts ball guide pillar 11, guide pin bushing 17 to lead, and drawing part relies on the spring 23 in the patrix 18 it to be released from die 32 with re-packing.
Too much cause die 32 temperature fluctuation ranges too big for fear of heat is lost; In the patrix; Die 32 separates with die backing plate 28 usefulness thermal insulation layers 30; Resistance annular heater coil 31 is set in the die cannelure it is heated, and thermocouple 33 is installed is controlled in real time, make die 32 temperature remain on predetermined temperature range; Die cushion block 28 is offered annular cooling water road (forming cooling water channel by water inlet water nozzle 19, delivery port water nozzle 29) and is cooled off, and fitting tight circle 27 prevents the cooling water seepage between upper bolster 20 and the die backing plate 28.The part of the lower die is provided with resistance annular heater coil 15 and makes blank holder 16 remain on range of set temperature with thermocouple 34 in blank holder 16 cannelures; In order to make punch 12 temperature remain on room temperature; With its rear portion boring blind hole, feed recirculated water (forming cooling water channel) by water inlet water nozzle 5, delivery port water nozzle 4, realize cooling; In order to realize even cooling; Counterdie cooling water water inlet water nozzle 5 extend into the punch top from the punch axle center, and delivery port water nozzle 4 should be lower than sealing ring pressing plate 6 and to avoid Yu Shui to be retained in the punch mould impacted, and adopts sealing ring pressing plate 6 that sealing ring 3 is pressed on the backing plate 8 to avoid the cooling water seepage.
During production, magnesium alloy sheet differential temperature cupping tool is installed on the servo-pressing machine cut-in temperature control system.During drawing and forming, at first the magnesium alloy thin blanks is placed on the blank holder 16 and the location, patrix is descending, when die 32 contacts with blank, stops descending at once; Blank is under die 32 and blank holder 16 conduction of heat, and temperature raises gradually, and when temperature reached predetermined temperature, patrix continued descending; Blank holder 16, discharging screw 9 progressively move back down, and spring 37 pressurizeds shorten gradually, and the die cavity of die 32 drawn in blank gradually by punch 12, re-pack 18 simultaneously, beat on the bar 24 and move back; Spring 23 pressurizeds shorten, and under the effect of punch 12 and die 32, blank progresses into die 32; Become the drawing part of stereo structure open hollow by original tabular, after stroke reaches setting value, the patrix rollback, open mould; Spring 37 elastic recoverys, drive blank holder 16, discharging screw 9 reset spring 23 elastic recoverys; Drive re-packs 18, make bar 24 resets, and drawing part is released from concave die cavity, accomplishes one time the differential temperature drawing process.
Should be understood that, concerning those of ordinary skills, can improve or conversion, and all these improvement and conversion all should belong to the protection domain of accompanying claims of the present invention according to above-mentioned explanation.
Claims (3)
1. magnesium alloy sheet differential temperature cupping tool; It is characterized in that mould adopts flip-over type, promptly pull and stretch punch (12) and blank holder (16) are installed in the counterdie of mould; Die (32) is installed in the part of the upper die of mould; Built-in resistor annular heater coil and temperature element thermocouple in die (32) and the blank holder (16), upper die and lower die adopt ball guide pillar (11), guide pin bushing (17) to lead, and drawing part relies on spring (23) and re-pack (18) in the patrix that it is released from die (32).
2. magnesium alloy sheet differential temperature cupping tool according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; In the described patrix, die (32) separates with thermal insulation layer (30) with die backing plate (28), resistance annular heater coil (31) is set in the die cannelure it is heated; And thermocouple (33) is installed is controlled in real time, make die (32) temperature remain on predetermined temperature range; Die cushion block (28) is offered the annular cooling water road and is cooled off, and fitting tight circle (27) prevents the cooling water seepage between upper bolster (20) and the die backing plate (8).
3. magnesium alloy sheet differential temperature cupping tool according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the described counterdie, resistance annular heater coil (15) and thermocouple (34) is set in blank holder (16) cannelure makes blank holder (16) remain on range of set temperature; Punch (12) rear portion boring blind hole feeds recirculated water, and counterdie cooling water water inlet water nozzle (5) extend into the punch top from the punch axle center, and delivery port water nozzle (4) should be lower than sealing ring pressing plate (6).
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| CN201210011676.1A CN102554040B (en) | 2012-01-16 | 2012-01-16 | Magnesium alloy sheet different temperature drawing mold |
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| CN201210011676.1A CN102554040B (en) | 2012-01-16 | 2012-01-16 | Magnesium alloy sheet different temperature drawing mold |
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| CN102554040B CN102554040B (en) | 2015-04-08 |
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| CN102814378A (en) * | 2012-09-07 | 2012-12-12 | 江苏申模数字化制造技术有限公司 | Temperature difference forming device and temperature difference forming method of automobile nut plate parts |
| CN103240763A (en) * | 2013-05-13 | 2013-08-14 | 东莞市比比克电子科技有限公司 | Lithium ion battery aluminum plastic film forming punch and method |
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| CN104907420A (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2015-09-16 | 武汉理工大学 | Medium-thick plate differential thermal volume forming device and process |
| CN105251844A (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2016-01-20 | 歌尔声学股份有限公司 | Punch forming method and punching system |
| CN105458093A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-04-06 | 陈丽梅 | Temperature difference deep drawing die for stainless steel products |
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| US11161164B2 (en) | 2018-10-10 | 2021-11-02 | Unipres Corporation | Method for manufacturing a press-molded article, a retainer, and a manufacturing system for a press-molded article |
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| CN110125201A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-08-16 | 广东省材料与加工研究所 | A kind of magnesium alloy anode thin plate and preparation method thereof |
| CN110756670A (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2020-02-07 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Hot forming die |
| CN111014406A (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2020-04-17 | 湖南科技大学 | Forming device and forming method for aluminum alloy plate hot forming-online quenching combination |
| CN112474957A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2021-03-12 | 上海凌云工业科技有限公司凌云汽车技术分公司 | Flexible smart production line of hot stamping |
| WO2022177540A1 (en) * | 2021-02-18 | 2022-08-25 | Duzce Universitesi Rektorlugu | A forming die and a forming method |
| CN113211765A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-08-06 | 东莞合志精密科技有限公司 | Gradually-entering type PC net material hot stretching equipment and process |
| CN114558973A (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-05-31 | 淄博国创中心先进车用材料技术创新中心 | Differential temperature magnesium alloy wheel hub forming die |
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