CN113617994A - Hot extrusion forming process and die for long-neck shaft tube - Google Patents
Hot extrusion forming process and die for long-neck shaft tube Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113617994A CN113617994A CN202110962786.5A CN202110962786A CN113617994A CN 113617994 A CN113617994 A CN 113617994A CN 202110962786 A CN202110962786 A CN 202110962786A CN 113617994 A CN113617994 A CN 113617994A
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/02—Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
- B21J5/025—Closed die forging
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
- B21C23/20—Making uncoated products by backward extrusion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C25/00—Profiling tools for metal extruding
- B21C25/02—Dies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/02—Dies or mountings therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/14—Making machine elements fittings
Abstract
The utility model provides a long neck central siphon hot extrusion forming die, its characterized in that includes press slider, press workstation, upper die base, drift, die holder, die and formed part, upper die base and drift fixed connection, die holder and die lower extreme fixed connection, the drift is corresponding with the die lower extreme, the drift outside cover is equipped with fixed cover, fixed upper end cover and upper die base lower extreme fixed connection, the die outside overlaps in proper order and is equipped with prestressing force endotheca and prestressing force overcoat, the die holder is provided with liftout device in the well, liftout device cup joints with die lower extreme intermediate part, form the die cavity between drift lower part and the die, the formed part then sets up in the die cavity, adopts aforementioned hot extrusion die, and process velocity is fast, efficient to because the work piece can not appear the problem of hole slope, axiality deviation, the mould reduces the product surplus when designing, the raw materials are relatively reduced, the cost is reduced, and the production benefit is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal plastic hot processing, in particular to a long-neck shaft tube hot extrusion forming process and a die thereof.
Background
Because the use amount of the thin-wall parts of the long-neck shaft tube is large, the parts with certain deformation difficulty are mostly processed by adopting a casting mode, and the cast produced workpieces are gradually eliminated because the utilization rate and the production efficiency of steel are high, but the mechanical property is poor, the quality in the aspect of economic benefit is poor; some enterprises adopt a cold extrusion method, are easy to break, generate great hidden danger in the use process and cannot ensure the quality; because the service life of the existing forging and pressing die is short, particularly, the external water cooling is carried out on the female die after each hot extrusion at high temperature and high pressure so as to reduce the temperature of the die, the die is subjected to severe cold and hot fatigue tests, and the female die is contacted with a high-temperature workpiece during extrusion molding, so that the strong friction between the die and the workpiece is caused, a chemical action is generated, the surface of the die is subjected to hot corrosion, and the die fails; the wall thickness deviation of the workpiece is uneven, the error of the height of the circumference is large, and unnecessary waste is caused by increasing allowance for ensuring the precision of the part.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hot extrusion forming process of a long-neck shaft tube and a die thereof, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme;
a hot extrusion forming process of a long-neck shaft tube is characterized by comprising the following steps:
The utility model provides a long neck central siphon hot extrusion forming die, its characterized in that includes press slider, press workstation, upper die base, drift, die holder, die and formed part, upper die base and drift fixed connection, die holder and die lower extreme fixed connection, the drift is corresponding with the die lower extreme, drift outside cover is equipped with fixed cover, terminal surface fixed connection under fixed cover up end and the upper die base, the die outside overlaps in proper order and is equipped with prestressing force endotheca and prestressing force overcoat, the die holder is centered the well and is provided with the liftout device, the liftout device cup joints with die lower extreme intermediate part, the drift lower part, and the die cavity that forms between the die, the formed part then sets up in the die cavity.
Preferably, the lower end face of the press sliding block is fixedly connected with a hot extrusion upper die, the upper end of the press workbench is fixedly connected with a hot extrusion lower die, and the hot extrusion upper die corresponds to the hot extrusion lower die and is located on the front side of the upper die base.
Preferably, the upper die outer fixing block and the lower end of the upper die inner fixing block are fixedly connected with a fixing ring, and the upper end faces of the prestress inner sleeve and the prestress outer sleeve are fixedly connected with a die lower end cooling ring.
Preferably, the punch, the inner fixed block of the upper convex die and the outer fixed block of the upper convex die are in interference connection, and the prestressed outer sleeve, the prestressed inner sleeve and the concave die are in interference connection.
Preferably, the process is applicable to several high pressure thin wall parts.
Preferably, the female die and the female die are both inverted cones, and the used die steel can be 3Cr2W8V, 5CrNiMo, 5CrMnMo and the like, and is mainly 4Cr5MoSiV 1.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention relates to a long-neck shaft tube hot extrusion forming process and a die thereof, wherein the die is provided with various processes, the dies are placed into an extrusion forming die through the hot extrusion die, the convex dies of the various processes of the extrusion forming die are connected into a whole, one stroke of the convex dies can complete a plurality of processes, and various convex dies have relatively no intermittent time, so that the forming time of a workpiece is shortened.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a hot extrusion forming die for a long-neck shaft tube according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a left side view of a layout of a hot extrusion forming die for a long-neck shaft tube according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a drawing of a heated bar stock formed by hot extrusion of a long neck shaft tube according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a view showing a hot-extruded member of a long-neck shaft tube according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a hot extrusion process for forming a long-neck shaft tube according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the device comprises an upper die base, 2, a pressing plate, 3, a fixing sleeve, 4, a punch, 5, a fixing ring, 6, a lower die cover plate, 7, a prestress outer sleeve, 8, a prestress inner sleeve, 9, a female die, 10, a material ejecting device, 11, a lower die base, 12, a die cavity, 20, a hot extrusion upper die, 21, a hot extrusion lower die, 22, a press sliding block, 23, a press worktable, 24, a formed part, 25, a raw material part, 26 and a heating bar.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In addition, if a detailed description of the known art is not necessary to show the features of the present invention, it is omitted. It should be noted that the terms "front," "back," "left," "right," "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to directions in the drawings, and the terms "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward and away from, respectively, the geometric center of a particular component.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a long-neck shaft tube hot extrusion forming die includes a press slider 22, a press workbench 23, an upper die base 1, a punch 4, a lower die base 11, a material ejecting device 10 and a formed part 24, wherein the upper die base 1 is centrally installed on a lower end surface of the press slider 22, the lower end surface of the lower die base 11 is centrally fixed on the press workbench 23 to realize relative movement of the upper die base and the lower die base, the upper die base 1 is fixedly connected with the punch 4, the lower die base 11 is fixedly connected with the material ejecting device 10, and the punch 4 corresponds to the material ejecting device 10 to realize that the press slider 22 applies downward pressure to make the formed part 24 have higher precision, referring to fig. 2 and 3; the raw material is pressed into a shape of a formed part 24 by a punch 4 and a material ejecting device 10, a fixed sleeve 3 is sleeved outside the punch 4, is used for auxiliary fixing of the punch and strengthening the stability of the punch, the upper end surface of the fixed sleeve 3 is fixedly connected with the lower end surface of the upper die holder 1, thereby realizing that the punch 4, the fixed sleeve 3 and the upper die holder 1 are connected into a whole body to facilitate stamping, the outer side and the lower end of the fixed sleeve are connected with the fixed ring 5 in a surrounding way, used for enhancing the fixation of the fixed sleeve and the cooling of the fixed sleeve, when cooling water enters into the cooling ring, the water in the cooling ring can cool the fixed sleeve, the interference fit between the fixing ring and the fixing sleeve can effectively reduce the deformation between the fixing sleeve and the upper die caused by expansion and contraction and cause water leakage, and reduce the life of mould, the punch 4 up end central position has seted up first blind for reduce the punch 4 temperature.
The lower die base is sleeved outside the ejecting device 10 and is movably connected with the lower die base 11 through the device, so that the ejecting device 10 can slide in the lower die base 11 to push out an extruded formed part to facilitate extraction and movement, a boss is arranged on the lower end face of the ejecting device, a hydraulic oil cylinder corresponding to the boss is arranged in the workbench, and a telescopic rod of the hydraulic oil cylinder drives the ejecting device to extend or retract so as to provide moving power for the ejecting device; the female die is positioned on the upper end face of the material ejecting device, a through hole is formed in the female die 9, the hole of the lower portion of the female die is matched with the material ejecting device, a prestress inner sleeve 8 and a prestress outer sleeve 7 are sequentially sleeved on the outer side of the female die to achieve stability of the female die and prevent the female die from shifting caused by hot extrusion, the prestress outer sleeve 7, the prestress inner sleeve 8 and the female die 9 are in interference connection, the female die 9 and the prestress inner sleeve are in inverted cone shapes to ensure that prestress is formed after assembly, the lower ends of the female die and the prestress inner sleeve are all embedded into a lower die base to achieve integral stability, the female die 9 is in contact with a formed part 24, a die cavity is formed between the female die and a punch, the formed part is in a shape consistent with the die cavity, and when the punch descends to be matched with the female die, a bar is filled in the die cavity and is extruded into the formed part 24; the upper end surfaces of the prestressed inner sleeve 8 and the prestressed outer sleeve 7 are fixedly connected with a lower die cover plate 6 for cooling the prestressed inner sleeve 8 and the prestressed outer sleeve 7, so that the function of applying prestress to the female die is achieved, the female die is cooled at the same time, and the service life of the female die can reach more than 10000 pieces due to the structure; the cooling water is at immobilization ring and lower mould apron inner loop to guarantee that the mould temperature is suitable indeformable, and mould 20 is gone up in terminal surface fixedly connected with hot extrusion under the press slider 22, press workstation 23 upper end fixedly connected with hot extrusion lower mould 21, the mould 20 is corresponding with hot extrusion lower mould 21 on the hot extrusion, and is located 1 front side of upper die base, carries out hot extrusion before the extrusion is moulded to the reality, and the reducible former material of hot extrusion 25 unnecessary cinder reaches required extrusion shape simultaneously, convenient extrusion.
The die steel used by the female die 9 can be made of 4Cr5MoSiV1, 3Cr2W8V, 5CrNiMo, 5CrMnMo and the like, and is mainly foreign 4Cr5MoSiV1 so as to ensure the quality life of the die and more foreign material inclusions and primary carbides; the carbides in the annealed structure are obviously distributed along the grain boundary; the transverse impact toughness of the core is only 0.2-0.3 of the longitudinal direction; the key problem of poor production quality.
The invention relates to a hot extrusion forming process of a long-neck shaft tube, please refer to fig. 5; the method comprises the following steps:
please refer to fig. 3; the raw material pieces are cut to the desired size and are ready for hot extrusion.
the process material obtained in the step 1 is put into an intermediate frequency heating apparatus and heated until the temperature of the material 25 reaches the extrusion-moldable temperature, and then the heated material 25 is taken out.
and (3) placing the process piece obtained in the step (2) on a hot extrusion die, and extruding the process piece obtained in the step (2) into a specified shape by using a hot extrusion upper die (20) and a hot extrusion lower die (21) under the pressure of a press slide block (22) so as to facilitate the subsequent hot extrusion forming process.
please refer to fig. 4; the heated bar stock 26 is placed in a die cavity 12 formed by a female die 9 and a female die 8 of the long-neck shaft tube hot extrusion forming die, and the heated bar stock 26 is extruded by the punch 4 along with the press slide block 22, so that the heated bar stock 26 is extruded into a required shape to be a formed part 24.
after extrusion is finished, the punch 4 moves upwards along with a press slide block 22 through the upper die base 1, and the material ejecting device 12 on the outer side of the material ejecting device 10 pushes the formed part 24 upwards under the action of extrusion force, so that the formed part 24 moves upwards and is convenient to move;
and (5) inspecting the piece obtained in the step (5), and warehousing and delivering after the piece is qualified.
The backward extrusion forming process is also suitable for a plurality of high-pressure thin-wall parts, not only can keep a good forging line, but also can reduce the weight of a blank and improve the processing efficiency.
It should be understood broadly that they may be, for example, fixedly attached, removably attached, or integrally attached; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. To those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific instances, and furthermore, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Referring to fig. 1, the working principle of the present invention is: firstly, a raw material rod is cut into a raw material piece 25, the raw material piece 25 is placed in an intermediate frequency heating furnace to be heated, the raw material piece 25 is prevented from being in a hot extrusion die after heating, a press sliding block 22 moves downwards to drive a hot extrusion upper die 20 and a hot extrusion lower die 21 to extrude mutually, the raw material piece 25 is extruded into a heating bar 26, then the heating bar 26 is placed in a female die 9 behind the hot extrusion die to finish a reverse extrusion forming process, after the heating bar 26 is extruded and formed, a formed piece 24 is ejected out under the action force of a material ejecting device 10, after the removal, redundant impurities are cut out, whether the formed piece is qualified or not is checked, and finally the heated bar is put in a warehouse.
The punch, the die, the press slide block, the press workbench and other devices are all universal standard parts or parts known to those skilled in the art, and the structure and the principle of the device can be known by technical manuals or conventional experimental methods.
In light of the foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. A hot extrusion forming process of a long-neck shaft tube is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, blanking: cutting the raw material into required size;
step 2, intermediate-frequency heating: heating the working procedure piece obtained in the working procedure 1 to an extrusion forming temperature;
step 3, hot extrusion: placing the working procedure piece obtained in the working procedure 2 on a hot extrusion die, and extruding the working procedure piece obtained in the working procedure 2 into a specified shape to be a heating bar material by a hot extrusion upper die and a hot extrusion lower die;
step 4, backward extrusion molding: placing a heated bar material in a die cavity formed by a punch head and a female die of a long-neck shaft tube hot extrusion forming die, and extruding the heated bar material by the punch head along with a press sliding block to enable a piece obtained by the heated bar material to be extruded into a required shape to form a formed piece;
step 5, ejecting a forging material: after extrusion is finished, the punch moves upwards along with a sliding block of a press through an upper die base, and a material ejecting device is sleeved at the middle position of a lower die base and pushes the formed part upwards under the action of extrusion force so as to move the formed part upwards and conveniently;
step 6, checking: and (5) inspecting the piece obtained in the step (5), and warehousing and delivering after the piece is qualified.
2. The utility model provides a long neck central siphon hot extrusion forming die, its characterized in that includes press slider, press workstation, upper die base, drift, die holder, die and formed part, upper die base and drift fixed connection, die holder and die lower extreme fixed connection, the drift is corresponding with the die lower extreme, drift outside cover is equipped with fixed cover, terminal surface fixed connection under fixed cover up end and the upper die base, the die outside overlaps in proper order and is equipped with prestressing force endotheca and prestressing force overcoat, the die holder is centered the well and is provided with the liftout device, the liftout device cup joints with die lower extreme intermediate part, the drift lower part, and the die cavity that forms between the die, the formed part then sets up in the die cavity.
3. The long-neck shaft tube hot extrusion forming die as claimed in claim 2, wherein the lower end surface of the press slide block is fixedly connected with a hot extrusion upper die, the upper end of the press workbench is fixedly connected with a hot extrusion lower die, and the hot extrusion upper die corresponds to the hot extrusion lower die and is positioned on the front side of the upper die holder.
4. The hot extrusion forming die for the long-neck shaft tube as claimed in claim 2, wherein the lower ends of the upper die outer fixing block and the upper die inner fixing block are fixedly connected with a fixing ring, and the upper end surfaces of the prestressed inner sleeve and the prestressed outer sleeve are fixedly connected with a female die lower end cooling ring.
5. The hot extrusion forming die for the long-neck shaft tube according to claim 2, wherein the punch, the inner fixed blocks of the upper male die and the outer fixed blocks of the upper male die are in interference connection, and the outer prestressed sleeve, the inner prestressed sleeve and the female die are in interference connection.
6. The hot extrusion process for forming a long neck shaft tube according to claim 1, wherein the process is applied to a plurality of high pressure thin wall members.
7. The die for hot extrusion molding of long neck shaft tube as claimed in claim 2, wherein the female die and the female die are reverse tapered, and the die steel used can be 3Cr2W8V, 5CrNiMo, 5CrMnMo, etc., and is mainly 4Cr5MoSiV 1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110962786.5A CN113617994A (en) | 2021-08-20 | 2021-08-20 | Hot extrusion forming process and die for long-neck shaft tube |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110962786.5A CN113617994A (en) | 2021-08-20 | 2021-08-20 | Hot extrusion forming process and die for long-neck shaft tube |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113617994A true CN113617994A (en) | 2021-11-09 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110962786.5A Pending CN113617994A (en) | 2021-08-20 | 2021-08-20 | Hot extrusion forming process and die for long-neck shaft tube |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114309391A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-04-12 | 北京魏桥国科新能源技术研究院有限公司 | Metal matrix composite's hot extrusion device |
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2021
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| CN1628921A (en) * | 2003-12-26 | 2005-06-22 | 李克敏 | All fiber forging process for load-carrying vehicle hub axle and die therefor |
| CN101332488A (en) * | 2008-08-01 | 2008-12-31 | 上海东芙冷锻制造有限公司 | Cold-forging technique of gear shaft |
| CN101332476A (en) * | 2008-08-01 | 2008-12-31 | 河南科技大学 | Precise extrusion molding method of thin wall long-pipe shaped parts bland and special mould |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114309391A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-04-12 | 北京魏桥国科新能源技术研究院有限公司 | Metal matrix composite's hot extrusion device |
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Address after: No. 22, Zhangqiu Small and Medium sized Enterprise Transformation and Development Demonstration Park, No. 517 Huamin Road, Guanzhuang Street, Zhangqiu District, Jinan City, Shandong Province, 250215 Applicant after: Zhongji vacuum technology (Jinan) Co.,Ltd. Applicant after: Hu Shenghua Address before: Room 501-523, biomedical industrial park (original Mining Industrial Park), management committee of Mingshui Economic Development Zone, Zhangqiu City, Jinan City, Shandong Province, 250200 Applicant before: ZHONGJI (JINAN) PRECISION FORMING ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Applicant before: Hu Shenghua |
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