CN109226401A - A kind of manufacturing process of aluminium alloy sheet part - Google Patents

A kind of manufacturing process of aluminium alloy sheet part Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109226401A
CN109226401A CN201810125359.XA CN201810125359A CN109226401A CN 109226401 A CN109226401 A CN 109226401A CN 201810125359 A CN201810125359 A CN 201810125359A CN 109226401 A CN109226401 A CN 109226401A
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China
Prior art keywords
manufacturing process
aluminium alloy
aluminum alloy
mold
thin plate
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CN201810125359.XA
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Chinese (zh)
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CN109226401B (en
Inventor
唐轩
张林茂
李硕
王柏雨
高亮
宋唯佳
伍建勇
孙涛
程铭
马浩军
加瑞乔治
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NIO Holding Co Ltd
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NIO Nextev Ltd
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Priority to CN201810125359.XA priority Critical patent/CN109226401B/en
Publication of CN109226401A publication Critical patent/CN109226401A/en
Priority to EP19750662.9A priority patent/EP3750646A4/en
Priority to PCT/CN2019/072949 priority patent/WO2019154094A1/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/02Stamping using rigid devices or tools
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B21D37/16Heating or cooling
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/02Stamping using rigid devices or tools
    • B21D22/022Stamping using rigid devices or tools by heating the blank or stamping associated with heat treatment
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/002Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of manufacturing process of aluminium alloy sheet part comprising: i) aluminum alloy thin plate material is heated in solid solubility temperature window ranges to carry out solution treatment;Ii) the aluminum alloy thin plate material being dissolved is transferred in mold;Iii) Guan Bi mould, wherein the forming process molded was at 0.5 second or more;And iv) mold is cooled down so that formation of parts is cooling.Aluminium alloy sheet part shaping techniques of the invention are particularly suitable for part forming with complex shape, do not need continuous annealing treatment, very saving material cost;Meanwhile the increase of formability multiple, springback capacity are small at high temperature for material, reduce subsequent part forming road sequence, reduce raw material loss.

Description

A kind of manufacturing process of aluminium alloy sheet part
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal product manufacture fields.In particular it relates to a kind of forming of aluminium alloy sheet part Method.
Background technique
Aluminium alloy is used widely because of high-performance weight ratio, advantageous corrosion resistance and other factors.Certain aluminium Alloy is commonly used in the application used under room temperature (usually -10 to 40 DEG C).
The aluminium alloy for having been used for auto industry mainly has 2xxx (Al-Cu-Mg), 5xxx (Al-Mg), 6xxx (Al-Mg-Si) With 7xxx (Al-Zn-Mg-Cu) series.Though wherein 5xxx series alloys have excellent formability, heat-treatable strengthened type Though there is 2xxx series alloys high intensity and good weldability and forgeability, 6xxx series alloys to have both T4/ simultaneously The good formability of T4P state and higher baking vanish age-hardening responding ability (increment of alloy yield strength before and after baking vanish), 7xxx series alloys have good obdurability.
The stamping material of aluminium alloys for automobile is mostly age-hardened Al-alloy material, is usually rolled into material and needs thickness After degree (F state), continuous annealing is completed in aluminium manufacturer and reaches T4 state, then complete cold punching deformation;Any one Absent measures It is improper can all lead to the problem of it is very much, including the problem of continuous annealing quality Control, punching course material rebounds, it is low forming etc. Deng.Hot pressing can be enhanced formability and reduce rebound, but it destroys required micro-structure.Therefore it needs to be dissolved heat after shaping Processing is to restore micro-structure, but this causes to deform during quenching of the formed parts after solution heat treatment.
In order to overcome these disadvantages, having carried out various effort and develop some new techniques.In WO2008/059242 A kind of manufacturing process is disclosed, the method includes solution heat treatment, forming and cold die quenchings.In the method, by aluminium alloy Base carries out solution heat treatment and is quickly transplanted in one group of cold mould, and the cold mould is closed immediately to form formed parts.Shape structure Part is maintained in cold mould during cooling forming component.
A kind of manufacturing process is disclosed in EP2324137, is related to very quick mold closure.However traditional pressure Machine can not achieve this high speed closure of mold, and needs to manufacture specific purpose tool or carry out great upgrading, this dramatically increases Setup cost.In method described in EP2324137, hot pressing may need the punching stroke speed higher than 100mm/s, and In order to obtain the component with optimum performance, it may be necessary to 400mm/s or higher drawing velocity.Traditional press machine usually with Much lower speed operation, they are typically below the highest power stroke speed of 50mm/s.
Therefore, it is still necessary to the forming technique of Al-alloy products is rationally designed for traditional equipment.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is process the aluminium alloy with desired performance especially mechanical property using existing equipment Product.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of manufacturing process of aluminium alloy sheet part is provided comprising following steps:
I) aluminum alloy thin plate material is heated in solid solubility temperature window ranges to carry out solution treatment;
Ii) the aluminum alloy thin plate material being dissolved is transferred in mold;
Iii) Guan Bi mould is to form part, wherein the forming process molded was at 0.5 second or more;With
Iv) cooling mold is so that formation of parts is cooling.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of aluminium alloy sheet part is provided, is prepared by above-mentioned manufacturing process.
Also one side according to the present invention, provides a kind of automobile component, is prepared by above-mentioned manufacturing process.
According to another aspect of the invention, a kind of automobile is provided comprising above-mentioned aluminium alloy sheet part or automobile component.
Aluminium alloy sheet part shaping techniques of the invention are particularly suitable for part forming with complex shape, it is only necessary to F The light sheet material of state does not need continuous annealing treatment, very saving material cost;Meanwhile material formability multiple at high temperature Increase, springback capacity are small, reduce subsequent part forming road sequence, reduce raw material loss.And use aluminum alloy thin of the invention Plate part shaping techniques do not need to be transformed existing equipment.
Aluminium alloy sheet part shaping techniques combination existing weaponry and equipment ability of the invention and production capacity can obtain preferably Material property, while guaranteeing volume production.
Detailed description of the invention
In conjunction with attached drawing, present invention is described so that those skilled in the art more fully understand each feature of the invention and Advantage.
Fig. 1 is the temperature-time curve schematic diagram of the manufacturing process of aluminium alloy sheet part of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of manufacturing process of aluminium alloy sheet part is provided comprising following steps:
I) aluminum alloy thin plate material is heated in solid solubility temperature window ranges to carry out solution treatment;
Ii) the aluminum alloy thin plate material being dissolved is transferred in mold;
Iii) Guan Bi mould is to form part, wherein the forming process molded was at 0.5 second or more;With
Iv) cooling mold is so that formation of parts is cooling.
There may be differences for the solid solubility temperature window of different aluminum alloy materials.Those skilled in the art can be according to used Aluminum alloy thin plate material determines solid solubility temperature window.
The thickness of the aluminum alloy thin plate material can be any suitable thickness, such as 0.7-3.0mm.
Solid solubility temperature window refers to the temperature for carrying out solution treatment.Solution treatment needs dissolve as much as possible in aluminum substrate Alloying element in aluminum alloy materials.Those skilled in the art can be determined according to aluminium alloy used solid solubility temperature window and Aluminum alloy materials are maintained to the time of the solid solubility temperature window.
In some embodiments, the solid solubility temperature window be 400-600 DEG C, more preferable 450-600 DEG C, most preferably 450-550℃。
In some embodiments, the aluminum alloy thin plate material is maintained in solid solubility temperature window ranges solid to complete The time of molten processing is usually less than 30 minutes, such as can be 2-25 minutes, preferably 3-15 minutes.
In some embodiments, the aluminum alloy thin plate material is greater than 5 from the time that heating equipment proceeds to mold Second, such as can be 3-35 seconds, preferably 5-30 seconds, such as 10 seconds.
The aluminum alloy thin plate material of the solution treatment preferably starts to shape within leaving heating equipment 20 seconds.
In some embodiments, the curring time of the molding is 0.5-10 seconds, such as can be 0.5-7 seconds, 0.5-5 Second is perhaps also possible to 3-7 seconds or 3-5 seconds for 0.5-3 seconds.
The curring time of molding is also referred to as burn close time, refers to since aluminum alloy thin plate material is completely transferred in mold Until the time that mold is closed completely.
The time by formation of parts holding in a mold can be determined according to the thickness of formation of parts.
In some embodiments, it is kept for the time be in a mold greater than 5 seconds the formation of parts, such as can be 3- 25 seconds, preferably 5-20 seconds, such as 10 seconds.
In some embodiments, the formation of parts is cooled to 120 DEG C hereinafter, for example can be with 80 DEG C or less.
In some embodiments, the formation of parts is being greater than 5 seconds in, for example, be cooled in 5-20 seconds 120 DEG C with Under, such as can be 80 DEG C or less.
In some embodiments, the temperature of the mold is maintained at 120 DEG C hereinafter, with 80 DEG C or less or can for example protect It holds in room temperature.
Such as cooling can be carried out to mold by the way of built-in cooling water channel to reach and keep formation of parts cooling.
It can be able to be any aluminium processed commonly used in auto parts with the aluminum alloy thin plate material of method of the invention Alloy material, such as the aluminum alloy materials selected from 2xxx, 5xxx, 6xxx and 7xxx series.Such as AA7075.
The aluminum alloy thin plate material can pass through or without handling by preparatory age-hardening.
The part of forming can pass through ageing treatment well known to those skilled in the art: by the heat parts of forming to artificial hard Change temperature and keeps this temperature until allowing precipitation-hardening.Typical temperature is 100-250 DEG C.The typical time is 5- 40 hours, such as kept for 24 hours at 125 DEG C.
The manufacturing process of aluminium alloy sheet part of the invention only needs the light sheet material of F state, can reduce raw material and adopt Cost is relatively low for purchase.The manufacturing process of aluminium alloy sheet part of the invention is particularly suitable for the processing of complex-shaped part, this It is since after aluminum alloy materials solid solution, formability multiple increases at high temperature, and elongation percentage is more than 50%.The rebound of material deformation process It is good to measure small forming dimension stability, a sequence forming, reduce subsequent forming road sequence, therefore the technique of manufacturing process of the invention at This is low.In addition, material deformation process formability is good, it is not necessarily to flanging and drawing, moulding material is lost less, stock utilization is high.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of aluminium alloy sheet part is provided, is prepared by above-mentioned manufacturing process.
Also one side according to the present invention, provides a kind of automobile component, is prepared by above-mentioned manufacturing process.
The automobile component can be the structural members such as B column inner panel, B column inner panel strengthening version, A column inner panel, hinge stiffening plate, floor Beam etc..
According to another aspect of the invention, a kind of automobile is provided comprising above-mentioned aluminium alloy sheet part or automobile component.
In present specification and claims, the name of aluminium alloy meets Aluminum Association as known in the art The newest regulation of (The Aluminum Association).And each alloy this year in each series has Aluminum Association to step on Note.For example, the aluminium alloy in 2xxx series is referred to as high-strength alloy and generally comprises magnesium and the copper as main alloying element. 6xxx and 7xxx series in alloy be also referred to as high-strength alloy and usually via make its main alloying element precipitating by heat at Reason to strengthen, these main alloying elements be for 6xxx series silicon and magnesium and be for 7xxx is serial copper, zinc and Magnesium.
In present specification and claims, all numbers for indicating quantity, percentage, parts by weight etc are in institute It is understood to be modified by term " about " under there is something special.
It also contains or comprises being not known that "comprising" described in present specification and claims and " comprising ", which cover, The situation of the other elements referred to and the situation being made of mentioned element.
It is described further below with reference to technical effect of the embodiment to design and generation of the invention, so that this field Technical staff can be fully understood from the purpose of the present invention, feature and effect.However, the scope of the invention is not limited to this.
Embodiment 1
According to die size the material met with die size will be cut into a thickness of the 7075 type aluminium alloy sheets of 2.0mm Tablet is put into heating furnace and heats by piece, and solid solubility temperature is set as 480 DEG C, keeps the temperature 5 minutes.Then in 10 seconds by tablet from Heating furnace is transferred in the mold for being maintained at room temperature, is molded after 0.5 second, is kept for 10 seconds.Mold is opened, the part of forming is taken out, 24 hours ageing treatments are carried out at 125 DEG C.Then it is sampled on part, according to ASTM E8/E8M to the sample of gained part Tensile strength, yield strength and the elongation percentage of product are tested, and the results are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 2
According to die size the material met with die size will be cut into a thickness of the 7075 type aluminium alloy sheets of 2.0mm Tablet is put into heating furnace and heats by piece, and solid solubility temperature is set as 480 DEG C, keeps the temperature 5 minutes.Then in 10 seconds by tablet from Heating furnace is transferred in the mold for being maintained at room temperature, is molded after 3 seconds, is kept for 10 seconds.Mold is opened, the part of forming is taken out, 24 hours ageing treatments are carried out at 125 DEG C.Then it is sampled on part, according to ASTM E8/E8M to the sample of gained part Tensile strength, yield strength and elongation percentage tested, the results are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 3
According to die size the material met with die size will be cut into a thickness of the 7075 type aluminium alloy sheets of 2.0mm Tablet is put into heating furnace and heats by piece, and solid solubility temperature is set as 480 DEG C, keeps the temperature 5 minutes.Then in 10 seconds by tablet from Heating furnace is transferred in the mold for being maintained at room temperature, is molded after 10 seconds, is kept for 10 seconds.Mold is opened, the part of forming is taken out, 24 hours ageing treatments are carried out at 125 DEG C.Then it is sampled on part, according to ASTM E8/E8M to the sample of gained part Tensile strength, yield strength and elongation percentage tested, the results are shown in Table 1.
The performance of 7075 type aluminium alloy sheets compares under the different burn close times of table 1.
Embodiment 4
According to die size the material met with die size will be cut into a thickness of the 7075 type aluminium alloy sheets of 2.0mm Tablet is put into heating furnace and heats by piece, and solid solubility temperature is set as 490 DEG C, keeps the temperature 5 minutes.Then in 20 seconds by tablet from Heating furnace is transferred in the mold for being maintained at room temperature, is molded after 1 second, is kept for 10 seconds.Mold is opened, the part of forming is taken out, 24 hours ageing treatments are carried out at 125 DEG C.Then it is sampled on part, according to ASTM E8/E8M to the sample of gained part Tensile strength, yield strength and elongation percentage tested, the results are shown in Table 2.
Embodiment 5
According to die size the material met with die size will be cut into a thickness of the 7075 type aluminium alloy sheets of 2.0mm Tablet is put into heating furnace and heats by piece, and solid solubility temperature is set as 470 DEG C, keeps the temperature 5 minutes.Then in 20 seconds by tablet from Heating furnace is transferred in the mold for being maintained at room temperature, is molded after 1 second, is kept for 10 seconds.Mold is opened, the part of forming is taken out, 24 hours ageing treatments are carried out at 125 DEG C.Then it is sampled on part, according to ASTM E8/E8M to the sample of gained part Tensile strength, yield strength and elongation percentage tested, the results are shown in Table 2.
The performance of 7075 type aluminium alloy sheets compares under the different solution times of table 2.
Embodiment 6
According to die size the material met with die size will be cut into a thickness of the 7075 type aluminium alloy sheets of 2.0mm Tablet is put into heating furnace and heats by piece, and solid solubility temperature is set as 480 DEG C, keeps the temperature 5 minutes.Then in 10 seconds by tablet from Heating furnace is transferred in the mold for being maintained at room temperature, is molded after 3 seconds, is kept for 10 seconds.Mold is opened, the part of forming is taken out, 24 hours ageing treatments are carried out at 125 DEG C.Then it is sampled on part, according to ASTM E8/E8M to the sample of gained part Tensile strength, yield strength and elongation percentage tested, the results are shown in Table 3.
Embodiment 7
According to die size the material met with die size will be cut into a thickness of the 7075 type aluminium alloy sheets of 2.0mm Tablet is put into heating furnace and heats by piece, and solid solubility temperature is set as 480 DEG C, keeps the temperature 5 minutes.Then in 25 seconds by tablet from Heating furnace is transferred in the mold for being maintained at room temperature, is molded after 3 seconds, is kept for 10 seconds.Mold is opened, the part of forming is taken out, 24 hours ageing treatments are carried out at 125 DEG C.Then it is sampled on part, according to ASTM E8/E8M to the sample of gained part Tensile strength, yield strength and elongation percentage tested, the results are shown in Table 3.
The performance of 7075 type aluminium alloy sheets compares under the different transfer times of table 3.
Although having showed and having discussed some aspects of the invention, those skilled in the art should realize It arrives, above-mentioned aspect can be changed under conditions of without departing substantially from the principle of the invention and spirit, therefore the scope of the present invention will It is limited by claim and equivalent content.

Claims (11)

1. a kind of manufacturing process of aluminium alloy sheet part characterized by comprising
I) aluminum alloy thin plate material is heated in solid solubility temperature window ranges to carry out solution treatment;
Ii) the aluminum alloy thin plate material being dissolved is transferred in mold;
Iii) Guan Bi mould is to form part, wherein the forming process molded was at 0.5 second or more;With
Iv) cooling mold is so that formation of parts is cooling.
2. manufacturing process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the solid solubility temperature window is 400-600 DEG C, more excellent Select 450-600 DEG C, most preferably 450-550 DEG C.
3. manufacturing process according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the aluminum alloy thin plate material is maintained at solid To complete the time of solution treatment less than 30 minutes in solubility temperature window ranges.
4. manufacturing process according to any one of claim 1-3, which is characterized in that by the aluminum alloy thin plate material from The time that hot spot proceeds to mold is greater than 5 seconds.
5. manufacturing process described in any one of -4 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the formation of parts is maintained at mould Time in tool is greater than 5 seconds.
6. manufacturing process according to any one of claims 1-5, which is characterized in that the formation of parts is cooled to 120 DEG C hereinafter, it is preferred that 80 DEG C or less.
7. manufacturing process according to any one of claims 1-5, which is characterized in that the formation of parts is being greater than 8 seconds 120 DEG C are inside cooled to hereinafter, it is preferred that 80 DEG C or less.
8. manufacturing process described in any one of -7 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the aluminum alloy thin plate material is choosing From the aluminum alloy materials of 2xxx, 5xxx, 6xxx and 7xxx series.
9. a kind of aluminium alloy sheet part, is prepared by manufacturing process according to claim 1 to 8.
10. a kind of automobile component is prepared by manufacturing process according to claim 1 to 8.
11. a kind of automobile comprising aluminium alloy sheet part or according to claim 10 according to claim 9 Automobile component.
CN201810125359.XA 2018-02-07 2018-02-07 Forming method of aluminum alloy sheet part Active CN109226401B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810125359.XA CN109226401B (en) 2018-02-07 2018-02-07 Forming method of aluminum alloy sheet part
EP19750662.9A EP3750646A4 (en) 2018-02-07 2019-01-24 Method for forming an aluminum alloy sheet part
PCT/CN2019/072949 WO2019154094A1 (en) 2018-02-07 2019-01-24 Method for forming an aluminum alloy sheet part

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CN112058984A (en) * 2020-07-28 2020-12-11 深圳新顿科技有限公司 Light alloy plate punch forming process and punching device
CN114798797A (en) * 2022-03-18 2022-07-29 上海泽升汽车科技有限公司 6111 extrusion aluminum alloy plate punch forming method
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CN112058984A (en) * 2020-07-28 2020-12-11 深圳新顿科技有限公司 Light alloy plate punch forming process and punching device
CN114798797A (en) * 2022-03-18 2022-07-29 上海泽升汽车科技有限公司 6111 extrusion aluminum alloy plate punch forming method
CN115138782A (en) * 2022-05-26 2022-10-04 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 Manufacturing method of high-strength aluminum alloy sheet part
CN115945571A (en) * 2023-01-18 2023-04-11 上海新顿长菁科技有限公司 Hot forming process of 6XXX series aluminum alloy, parts made by hot forming process and application of hot forming process

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