CN113679786A - Composition of red yeast rice, agaricus blazei murill and grifola frondosa and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Composition of red yeast rice, agaricus blazei murill and grifola frondosa and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a composition of red yeast rice, agaricus blazei and grifola frondosa as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The composition is prepared by mixing red yeast rice, Agaricus blazei Murill and Grifola frondosa extract with appropriate amount of water, and lyophilizing. The composition of red yeast rice, agaricus blazei and grifola frondosa can be used for preparing medicines for treating and/or preventing hyperlipidemia and/or improving sleep, and the dosage forms comprise tablets, capsules, injections or oral liquid, and the composition obtains obvious synergistic effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicines and health-care foods, in particular to a composition of red yeast rice, agaricus blazei and grifola frondosa as well as a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Sleep disorder is a disease with high morbidity probability, the mental condition of people can be seriously influenced by long-term sleep disorder, the work efficiency and the learning efficiency of people are greatly reduced, and the memory is reduced, so that people must deeply recognize the serious hazard of the sleep disorder, and once the phenomenon of the sleep disorder is found, a professional doctor needs to be searched for help as soon as possible to scientifically treat the sleep disorder in time.
Long-term sleep disorders can produce the following hazards:
1. obesity is one of the hazards associated with sleep disorders. Related studies show that insufficient sleep leads to a decrease in the levels of lipoproteins in our bodies and an increase in the concentration of appetite hormones, thus leading to the desire to eat, while excessive eating leads to obesity.
2. Sleep disorders can cause certain damage to our skin health. Because insufficient sleep can cause stasis in skin capillaries, skin cells cannot obtain sufficient nutrition, skin aging occurs, and the beauty and health of the skin are seriously affected.
3. The thinking ability of people can be seriously influenced by sleep disorder, sufficient sleep is an important precondition for ensuring clear thinking of the brain, and the sleep disorder can cause insufficient sleep, so that the thinking disorder condition of people can be caused.
4. Adolescents also suffer from sleep disorders, which can lead to the development of healthy adolescents that are adversely affected and hindered by several abnormalities.
5. The reduction of immunity is also one of the hazards brought by sleep disorder, and the reduction of immunity can cause that the body can not effectively resist the invasion of some pathogenic bacteria, thereby promoting the occurrence of various diseases.
6. Sleep disorders may also lead us to cancer, a malignant disease. Cell division inside the human body is performed in the sleeping process, and the normal division of cells is affected due to sleep disorder, so that cancer cells are generated, and the cancer appears.
The blood lipid level is kept normal, the circulation is good, the blood can be timely delivered to the required part of the body, the damage to the health of blood vessels can be prevented, and the functions of organs can be reduced. And hyperlipidemia may cause physical damage. Hyperlipidemia can cause the following hazards for a long time:
1. damaging the heart
Long-term hyperlipidemia is a phenomenon that can easily reduce cardiac function, because the blood vessel health is easily affected in the process of the continuous development of hyperlipidemia. However, circulation cannot be kept normal after the blood vessel is blocked, and the blood is possibly viscous, so that the blood conveying speed is slow, the blood supply of the heart is insufficient, and chest distress and chest pain are more likely to occur in the development process. In order to keep the heart function good, the hyperlipidemia should be improved in time.
2. Reducing eye function
Long-term hyperlipidemia may affect the health of the eyes, and the eye functions are desired to be good, and also need to be provided with sufficient blood. Many people influence the blood supply of blood vessels around eyes because of the lack of attention on long-term hyperlipidemia, and the retina is more easily diseased when the blood cannot be supplied in time, and the function of the optic nerve is also reduced. After affected, the affected part has blurred vision and a sudden look at the part which appears dark before eyes, and the eyelids may have a yellow tumor.
3. Affecting blood supply to brain
Long-term hyperlipidemia can cause damage to brain health, and the brain is used as an important organ of a human body, and enough blood is needed for maintaining normal functions. Many people cannot provide blood needed by brain soft tissues, nerves and the like in time due to the influence of hyperlipidemia, and are likely to be easy to have dizziness and headache, and even have the situations of memory capacity reduction and the like. In order to prevent brain function from being damaged, reasonable control of hyperlipidemia should be paid attention to, and the phenomenon of blood lipid level increase is relieved in time.
4. Inducing liver diseases
Long-term hyperlipidemia may also lead to impaired liver function, and the prevalence of part of human fatty liver increases during the course of hyperlipidemia affecting health. Diseases may occur after atherosclerosis of the arteries surrounding the liver, and liver lobules may be damaged, so that the liver structure changes, and liver cirrhosis occurs in the process of continuous development.
5. Accelerating atherosclerosis
Long-term hyperlipidemia may accelerate atherosclerosis of arteries, which is detrimental to arterial vascular health. Because human blood vessels should be elastic, blood can be timely delivered to the required parts of the body to maintain a healthy state. Many people have increased vascular fragility due to prolonged hyperlipidemia affecting local circulation, and increased rates of vascular atherosclerosis. Therefore, the blood fat of an individual is reasonably controlled to protect blood vessels.
Red Rice, name of Chinese medicine. Is prepared by parasitizing mycelia of Monascus purpureus went of Aspergillus on semen oryzae Sativae. Is distributed in Hebei, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Taiwan, Fujian, Guangdong, etc. Has the effects of invigorating spleen, promoting digestion, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis. It is commonly indicated for food stagnation, abdominal distention, red and white diarrhea, postpartum lochiorrhea and traumatic injury.
Monascus, also known as monascus purpureus. The mycelium is largely branched, colorless at the initial stage, gradually becomes red, and is purple-red after being aged; the hyphae have transverse septa and multinucleate and contain orange-red granules. At maturity single or clusters of conidia are produced at the top of the branches. The color of the conidium is brown,
an orange-red single spherical ascocarp shell (cyst closure shell) is also generated at the top end of the other hypha; the closed capsule shell is orange red, nearly spherical and has a diameter
Contains multiple sub-capsules. The ascosphere is spherical, contains 8 ascospores, and the ascospore disappears after maturation. The ascospores are ovoid or nearly spherical, smooth, transparent, colorless or reddish,
the bacteria are mostly present in dairy products in nature, and can also be artificially cultured by using japonica rice as a culture medium to make the red yeast rice. Is distributed in Hebei, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Taiwan, Fujian, Guangdong, etc.
The properties of the medicinal materials are as follows: the red rice is in the shape of long egg, similar cylinder or irregular shape, and is slightly flat and long
Width of
Is thick and thick
The surface is purple red or brownish red, uneven, and has light longitudinal and transverse textures. The texture is crisp, the line is easy to break along the horizontal texture, the section is level, the edge is red to dark red, the middle part is slightly concave, and the color is white to light red. Special smell, light and slightly sweet taste, and is preferably red, crisp and long-lasting.
The properties of the decoction pieces are as follows: is irregular particles, such as broken rice, has brownish red appearance, crisp texture, pink section, slight sour gas and light taste.
The pharmacological action is as follows: the monascus fermented can be separated into coenzyme Q10, coenzyme Q10 is also called as decene quinone, is an activator of cell metabolism and cell respiration, and can improve mitochondrial respiration function and promote oxidative phosphorylation reaction. It is also a natural oxidant produced by cells, can inhibit the peroxidation of mitochondria and has the function of protecting the structural integrity of biological membranes. Has nonspecific enhancing effect on immunity, and can increase phagocytic rate of phagocyte, increase antibody production, and improve T cell function.
Agaricus blazei murrill, also known as Agaricus blazei Murril, is taxonomically a member of the genera Agaricus, Agaricales, Agaricaceae, and Agaricus. It is rich in polysaccharide, protein, fatty acid, vitamins and trace elements, etc. and has the functions of beautifying, medical treatment, health care, etc. and is a kind of special-effect rare fungus with the functions of resisting tumor, resisting blood coagulation, reducing blood fat, tranquilizing, etc. In recent years, agaricus blazei murill has attracted much attention as an anticancer agent, an immunomodulator, an antimutagenic agent and an antibacterial substance. Agaricus blazei Murill mainly contains polysaccharide, protein, fatty acid, lectin, sterol, vitamins, trace elements, and other chemical components.
Agaricus blazei murill contains six nutrients: proteins, vitamins, B1, B2, nicotinic acid, etc.; minerals: selenium, calcium, iron, magnesium, potassium; lipid: mainly contains unsaturated fatty acid (with the functions of regulating immunity and reducing blood sugar); cellulose, mainly chitin; can help to eliminate the excess cholesterol in the body, which is very important for the health of tumor patients. These nutrients of Agaricus blazei Murill can enhance the therapeutic effect of chemotherapeutic drugs. The polysaccharide compound of Agaricus blazei Murill has higher regulating effect than other mushrooms, and can improve the production capacity of lymphocyte T cells, helper T cells, interferon and interleukin, and improve immunity. The agaricus blazei murill has high nutritional and medicinal values, and has sufficient theoretical basis and clinical tests for research and development and clinical tests of the agaricus blazei murill as a health food.
The Agaricus blazei Murill has obvious effect of inhibiting various tumor cells, such as leukemia, gastric cancer, liver cancer, esophageal cancer, colon cancer, lung cancer, bone cancer, breast cancer, uterine cancer, prostate cancer, bladder cancer, brain cancer, etc.
Grifola frondosa (Fr.) S.F.Gary), also known as Polyporaceae, belongs to Hymenomycetes of Basidiomycotina (Basidiomycotina), Polyporaceae (Polyporaceae), and Grifola (Grigola) fungi, is a relatively common large fungus, and is one of rare and edible fungi developed and utilized in recent years. The grifola frondosa is called lotus flower fungus in southwest, chestnut mushroom in northeast, cloud mushroom in southern mountain of Zhejiang and Maitake mushroom in Japan according to the different growing places.
Polysaccharides are widely present in higher plant cell membranes, animal cell membranes and microbial cell walls, and are indispensable important components of living organisms, wherein the fungal polysaccharides have specific biological activities, are called biological response regulators, and have biological activities in the aspects of tumor resistance, virus resistance, inflammation resistance, bacteria resistance, mutation resistance, oxidation resistance, blood fat reduction, blood sugar reduction, radiation, immune regulation and the like.
The grifola frondosa has rich chemical components and wide and diverse pharmacological effects. The chemical components contain, in addition to polysaccharides which have been proven to have antitumor activity, other components such as polyphenols, steroids, alkanes, alcohols, ketones, and sterols. How to efficiently utilize grifola frondosa and develop new medicaments or health care products related to the grifola frondosa is a practical problem to be solved urgently.
Pharmacological research shows that the agaricus blazei murill and the grifola frondosa have the effects of resisting tumors, reducing blood fat, regulating immunity and the like, and acute or subacute toxicity tests of animals prove that the agaricus blazei murill and the grifola frondosa have extremely low toxicity.
The research and development of a product which is high-efficiency, low-toxicity, low-cost and easy to popularize and can be used for treating and/or preventing hyperlipidemia and/or improving sleep is a problem to be solved urgently in clinic.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a composition of red yeast rice, agaricus blazei murill and grifola frondosa and application thereof, in particular to a medicine which can maximally generate synergistic effect, treat and/or prevent hyperlipidemia and/or improve sleep for the composition of red yeast rice, agaricus blazei murill and grifola frondosa.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a composition of red yeast rice, agaricus blazei and grifola frondosa, wherein the composition comprises red yeast rice, agaricus blazei and grifola frondosa.
Preferably, the red yeast is functional red yeast, contains lovastatin and has the granularity of more than 200 meshes.
Preferably, the agaricus blazei murrill and the grifola frondosa are agaricus blazei murrill and grifola frondosa extracts.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the red yeast rice to the extracts of agaricus blazei murrill and grifola frondosa is
Preferably, the weight ratio of the red yeast rice to the extracts of agaricus blazei murrill and grifola frondosa is
Preferably, the agaricus blazei murill and the grifola frondosa extract are prepared from the following components in percentage by weight
The fruiting body of Agaricus blazei Murill and Grifola frondosa is extracted.
Preferably, the agaricus blazei murill and the grifola frondosa fruit bodies are dried fruit bodies.
Preferably, the Agaricus blazei Murill and Grifola frondosa extract is prepared by extracting Agaricus blazei Murill and Grifola frondosa fruiting body by ultrasonic microwave enzymolysis
Mesh, liquid-material ratio
pH value
Adding cellulase per gram of medicinal materials
Temperature of enzymolysis
Time of enzymolysis
Enzyme deactivation
The temperature is reduced to
Extracting in ultrasonic-microwave synergistic extractor with microwave power
Extraction time
Concentrating under vacuum, and lyophilizing.
Preferably, the Agaricus blazei Murill and Grifola frondosa extract is prepared by extracting Agaricus blazei Murill and Grifola frondosa fruiting body by ultrasonic microwave enzymolysis
The preparation method comprises the steps of mixing the raw materials at a liquid-material ratio of 25:1 and a pH value of 5.5, adding 30U of cellulase into each gram of medicinal material, carrying out enzymolysis at 43 ℃ for 55min, carrying out enzyme inactivation at 90 ℃ for 10min, cooling to 76 ℃, extracting in an ultrasonic-microwave synergistic extractor, placing the ultrasonic-microwave synergistic extractor at a microwave power of 290W for 25min, and carrying out appropriate vacuum concentration and freeze-drying.
Preferably, the composition of red yeast rice, agaricus blazei murill and grifola frondosa is prepared by uniformly mixing red yeast rice, agaricus blazei murill and grifola frondosa extracts with a proper amount of water and then freeze-drying.
In a second aspect, the invention provides application of the composition of red yeast rice, agaricus blazei and grifola frondosa in preparing a medicament for treating and/or preventing hyperlipidemia and/or improving sleep.
Preferably, the dosage form of the medicine comprises tablets, capsules, injections or oral liquid.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the medicinal composition of the invention exerts the synergistic effect, and the effect is superior to that of single use of red yeast rice, agaricus blazei and grifola frondosa.
2. The medicinal composition of the invention exerts the advantages of multiple components and multiple targets, obtains better effects of reducing blood fat and blood sugar and improving sleep under the condition that the content of the active ingredient lovastatin in the red yeast is far lower than the using amount of western medicines, namely statins, and has lower toxic and side effect incidence rate.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The raw materials, reagents or apparatuses used are conventional products which can be obtained by commercially purchasing.
The features and properties of the embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to the embodiments.
Example 1
The preparation method comprises extracting Agaricus blazei Murill and Grifola frondosa fruiting body by ultrasonic microwave enzymolysis at a weight ratio of 1: 3, pulverizing to powder
Adding water to a liquid-material ratio of 20:1 and a pH value of 6, adding 10U of cellulase per gram of medicinal material, carrying out enzymolysis at 48 ℃ for 50min, inactivating enzyme at 95 ℃ for 5min, cooling to 80 ℃, extracting in an ultrasonic-microwave synergistic extraction apparatus with microwave power of 280W for 30min, and performing appropriate extractionVacuum concentrating, and freeze drying to obtain 281g of Agaricus blazei Murill and Grifola frondosa extract. The polysaccharide content in the extracts of Agaricus blazei Murill and Grifola frondosa was found to be 25.9%.
Example 2
The preparation method comprises extracting Agaricus blazei Murill and Grifola frondosa fruiting body by ultrasonic microwave enzymolysis at a weight ratio of 1:1 (1 kg), and pulverizing
Adding water until the liquid-material ratio is 30:1, the pH value is 5, adding 50U of cellulase per gram of medicinal material, carrying out enzymolysis at 38 ℃ for 60min, carrying out enzyme deactivation at 85 ℃ for 15min, cooling to 72 ℃, placing in an ultrasonic-microwave synergistic extractor for extraction, placing the microwave power at 300W, carrying out extraction for 20min, and carrying out appropriate vacuum concentration and freeze-drying to obtain 32.7g of agaricus blazei murrill and grifola frondosa extracts. The polysaccharide content in the extracts of Agaricus blazei Murill and Grifola frondosa was found to be 29.1%.
Example 3
The preparation method comprises extracting Agaricus blazei Murill and Grifola frondosa fruiting body by ultrasonic microwave enzymolysis at a weight ratio of 1:1 (1 kg), and pulverizing
Adding water until the liquid-material ratio is 25:1, the pH value is 5.5, adding 30U of cellulase per gram of medicinal material, carrying out enzymolysis at 43 ℃ for 55min, carrying out enzyme deactivation at 90 ℃ for 10min, cooling to 76 ℃, placing the medicinal material in an ultrasonic-microwave synergistic extraction instrument for extraction, placing the medicinal material at the microwave power of 290W for extraction for 25min, and carrying out appropriate vacuum concentration and freeze-drying to obtain 312g of agaricus blazei murrill and grifola frondosa extracts. The polysaccharide content in the extracts of Agaricus blazei Murill and Grifola frondosa was measured to be 30.2%.
Comparative examples 1 and 2 are commercially available agaricus blazei murill extract and grifola frondosa extract, respectively.
Test examples
The female and male golden yellow mice were normally acclimatized for 7 days and randomly divided into 23 groups of 10 mice each. Normal group was given regular diet, other group was given high fat diet; meanwhile, 2000mg/kg of starch and 5mg/kg of atorvastatin group are given to the high-fat model group, the sample used by the sample group is prepared by uniformly mixing red yeast rice, agaricus blazei murill and grifola frondosa extracts with a proper amount of water and then freeze-drying, the dosage of the sample group is shown in table 1, and the atorvastatin group and the part of the sample group which is less than 2000mg/kg are complemented by starch. After feeding for 1 month and 15min after the last administration, 30mg/kgBW pentobarbital sodium is injected into the abdominal cavity of each group of animals, the disappearance of righting reflex is taken as a sleep-falling judgment standard, and whether the test sample prolongs the sleep time of the pentobarbital sodium and the sleep latency of the mice is observed. Blood was then taken for total cholesterol, triglycerides, see table 1.
TABLE 1
Although the invention has been described in detail hereinabove with respect to a general description and specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. A composition of red yeast rice, agaricus blazei murill and grifola frondosa is characterized in that the composition consists of red yeast rice, agaricus blazei murill and grifola frondosa extracts; the weight ratio of the red yeast rice to the extracts of the agaricus blazei murrill and the grifola frondosa is
2. The composition of red yeast rice, agaricus blazei murill and grifola frondosa as claimed in claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of red yeast rice to the extract of agaricus blazei murill and grifola frondosa is as follows
3. The composition of red yeast rice, agaricus blazei murill and grifola frondosa as claimed in claim 1, wherein the red yeast rice is functional red yeast rice, contains lovastatin, and has a particle size of more than 200 meshes.
4. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composition comprises extracts of Agaricus blazei Murill and Grifola frondosa in the weight ratio of
The fruiting body of Agaricus blazei Murill and Grifola frondosa is extracted.
5. The composition as claimed in claim 4, wherein the fruit body is dried fruit body.
6. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the extracts are extracted from Agaricus blazei Murill and Grifola frondosa by ultrasonic microwave enzymolysis under the condition of pulverizing
Mesh, liquid-material ratio
pH value
Adding cellulase per gram of medicinal materials
Temperature of enzymolysis
Time of enzymolysis
Enzyme deactivation
The temperature is reduced to
Extracting in ultrasonic-microwave synergistic extractor with microwave power
Extraction time
Concentrating under vacuum, and lyophilizing.
7. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the extracts are extracted from Agaricus blazei Murill and Grifola frondosa by ultrasonic microwave enzymolysis under the condition of pulverizing
The liquid-material ratio is 25:1, the pH value is 5.5, 30U of cellulase is added into each gram of medicinal material, the enzymolysis temperature is 43 ℃, and the enzymolysis time is 55min, inactivating enzyme at 90 deg.C for 10min, cooling to 76 deg.C, extracting in ultrasonic-microwave synergistic extractor with microwave power of 290W for 25min, and vacuum concentrating and lyophilizing.
8. The composition of red yeast rice, agaricus blazei murill and grifola frondosa as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composition is prepared by uniformly mixing red yeast rice, agaricus blazei murill and grifola frondosa extracts with a proper amount of water, and freeze-drying.
9. According to a claim
Any one of the composition of red yeast rice, agaricus blazei murill and grifola frondosa can be used for preparing medicines for treating and/or preventing hyperlipidemia and/or improving sleep.
10. The use of claim 9, wherein the pharmaceutical dosage form comprises a tablet, a capsule, an injection or an oral liquid.
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