CN113652104A - 一种异质结型金属防腐蚀颜料 - Google Patents
一种异质结型金属防腐蚀颜料 Download PDFInfo
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- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
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- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 25
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- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- NWZSZGALRFJKBT-KNIFDHDWSA-N (2s)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid;(2s)-2-hydroxybutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O.NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O NWZSZGALRFJKBT-KNIFDHDWSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
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- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
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- ZOMNIUBKTOKEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-L dimercury dichloride Chemical class Cl[Hg][Hg]Cl ZOMNIUBKTOKEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002198 surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/62—Metallic pigments or fillers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/04—Compounds of zinc
- C09C1/043—Zinc oxide
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- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
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Abstract
本发明属于材料化学技术领域,具体涉及一种具有异质结型金属防腐颜料的制备方法。异质结型金属防腐颜料由氧化锌和钨氧化物组成,具有的二维的纳米片阵列结构和光电特性,有效抑制了水和氯离子的转移,质结双组分界面相互作用以及缺陷氧空位的存在,可以防止腐蚀性离子与金属表面之间的接触从而发挥有效的耐腐蚀作用,表现出极其优异的防腐蚀性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于无机精细化工技术领域,具体涉及一种具有异质结型金属防腐颜料的制备工艺。
背景技术
众所周知,过渡金属氧化物(TMOs)半导体由于其光电性质作为一种新的可利用能源在腐蚀保护领域具有潜在的应用。在合适波长的照射下,它们的光电效应会产生光生电子-空穴对。分开的电子和空穴会影响金属表面的腐蚀反应。然而其内部电子和空穴的复合仍然限制了反应活性。因此,过渡金属氧化物异质结结构的设计由于其界面特性而引起了广泛的关注,如超导性,磁性,高催化活性,耐腐蚀性等。大量研究表明WO3/TiO2异质结作为光响应电极可以提供阴极保护使金属免受腐蚀。由于氧化钨和ZnO的费米能级不同,所以在吸收能量之后氧化锌和氧化钨中存在强大的内置电场,为光生载流子的分离提供有效的空间,并且成功解决了低能激发和电子转移的问题。异质结产生的电子转移到金属表面,或者光生空穴捕获腐蚀反应的传输电子。目前防腐蚀涂层与颜料之间的不相容性导致分散性差和界面相互作用弱,不利于涂层的长期屏蔽性能的改善。因此探究异质结对腐蚀过程电子流动的影响,拓展多功能防腐蚀机制颜料是值得研究的课题。
设计一种具有光响应,影响腐蚀反应电子转移并且具有屏蔽作用的多功能材料可以为腐蚀保护开辟新道路。混合价材料由于其晶格空位中电子的集体振荡导致其独特的局部表面等离子体共振效应(LSPR)使其在防腐蚀领域产生很大的优势。此外,亚化学计量的化合物是能量转换和存储的引人入胜的候选者。众所周知,在金属氧化物中氧空位的形成增加了载流子密度(充当电子供体)并增加了表面上的吸附位点的数量。钨氧化物由WO6八面体的基本单元组成,可承受大量的缺氧,导致产生了一系列化学计量和非化学计量的WOx组成,即WO3,W10O29,W18O49,W17O47,WO2等。已经证明通过产生氧空位形成的WO3-x TMOs在室温下是热力学稳定的,可以保护材料免受光腐蚀并且抵抗过氧物质。因此,通过氧空位工程调节电子结构制备性能可控的混合价材料,可赋予材料特殊的功能特性。ZnO/WO3异质结具有出色的光电转换能力,但是光响应范围有限。因此构建WO3-x/ZnO异质结可以提高可见光利用率为铁块提供可靠的光阴极保护。同时,ZnO TMOs作为一种新型高效的腐蚀抑制剂也可以形成致密的钝化膜进一步增强物理屏蔽性。基于此,探索混合价材料和异质结结构对腐蚀行为的影响具有十分重要的意义。
本发明重点是设计一种具有光伏特性的异质结,以解决防腐领域材料效率低和高能耗的问题。混合价WO2.92 TMOs表面氧空位缺陷的改性作用可以吸附氧气捕获电子抑制阴极腐蚀反应。ZnO/WO2.92(ZWO2.92)异质结的能带弯曲引起的内部电场促进了光生载流子的分离。随后,氧空位赋予的LSPR效应也会实现大量高能热电子的聚集。积累的电子进一步富集在金属表面,可以降低金属的电位以保护铁基体。此外,涂层表面钝化膜的形成以及高疏水性也进一步提高其阻隔性能。因此,提出了一种新型友好的ZnO材料和亚化学计量的WO2.92TMOs构建异质结的策略,本发明有助于解决目前单一的只能提高阻隔和屏蔽性能防腐方法以及光阴极保护的局限性问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种具有异质结型金属防腐颜料,为金属防腐蚀领域提供一类新型高效的防腐蚀颜料。
本发明获得的一种具有异质结型金属防腐颜料,其制备工艺为:首先,取一定量的钨酸和草酸置于烧杯中,加入去离子水后,磁力搅拌均匀。然后,在搅拌条件下缓慢滴加一定量的水合肼溶液,持续搅拌至均匀。将所得产物置于真空烘箱中干燥,研磨,得到浅蓝色前驱物粉末。再次,将该前驱物置于石英舟后放入石英管中,在管式炉的氮气氛围中煅烧,冷却至室温,得到钨氧化物粉末。最后,将以上所得的钨氧化物粉末粉末加入到Zn(NO3)2溶液中,在磁力搅拌下缓慢滴加氢氧化钠溶液,产生沉淀。持续搅拌一定时间后,将沉淀过滤,用去离子水洗涤数次,烘箱中干燥,研磨后,再在管式炉的氮气氛围中复合热处理2 h,得到异质结型金属防腐蚀颜料。
具体制备条件为:
前驱物烘干:干燥温度为60~100℃,干燥时间为2~8 h;
复合热处理:煅烧温度300~700℃,煅烧时间1~5h。
本发明获得的产物质结型金属防腐颜料具有的二维的纳米片阵列结构。金属防腐蚀颜料的防腐蚀性能测试方法为:将本发明所得的颜料(0.80 g)分别与8.00 g商用环氧树脂((C11H12O3)N, HL-001)混合并磁力搅拌2 h至形成均相悬浮液。随后加入2.00 g聚酰胺固化剂(C5H11N3OR)至上述悬浮液,继续搅拌20 min。同时,利用不同规格的碳化硅砂纸(180、360和600目)分别对钢材表面(10×5×40 mm)进行打磨抛光,并用乙醇清洗干净,干燥备用。最后使用一步提拉法将涂料均匀地覆盖在之前打磨光滑的铁基体钢材表面,在室温通风条件下干燥固化一周。环氧树脂体系对铁基体的腐蚀保护性能通过电化学阻抗谱(EIS,Zahner-Electrik IM6e)进行测试研究。分别将覆盖有防腐蚀涂层的低碳钢板浸泡在3.5 wt. %氯化钠(NaCl)溶液中,浸泡时间为6 h,24 h,48 h和72 h。低碳钢板浸入电解质溶液的高度控制在1 cm左右。测试的三电极体系包括作为工作电极的覆盖防腐蚀涂料的低碳钢板,作为参比电极的饱和甘汞电极(Hg/Hg2Cl2)以及作为对电极的铂片电极(15 mm ×15 mm × 0.1 mm,面积为2.25 cm2)。EIS测试的频率范围是100 kHz到100 MHz,振幅调节到10 mV作为扰动电压振幅。通过ZSimDemo软件对所得阻抗数据进行拟合计算。使用AUTOLAB G1以50 mV/s的扫描速率从-1.60 V至0.00 V进行极化测试。重复所有测量至少3次,并观察到结果具有良好的可重复性。
本发明的优点在于:
1. 异质结型金属防腐颜料具有的二维的纳米片阵列结构和光电特性,有利于提升材料的防腐蚀性能。
2. 异质结型金属防腐颜料具有的二维的纳米片阵列结构,有效抑制了水和氯离子的转移,起到一定的腐蚀阻碍作用。
3. 异质结双组分界面相互作用以及缺陷氧空位的存在,可以防止腐蚀性离子与金属表面之间的接触从而发挥有效的耐腐蚀作用,表现出极其优异的防腐蚀性能。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例对本发明作进一步的说明。
实施例1
首先,取5.00 g H2WO4和1.26 g H2C2O4·2H2O于烧杯中,加入20 mL纯水磁力搅拌均匀。然后,在搅拌条件下缓慢滴加一定量的水合肼溶液(2.40 mL和0 mL),持续搅拌30min。将所得产物置于60 ℃的真空烘箱中干燥8 h,研磨之后分别得到浅蓝色和黄色前驱物粉末。最后,将前驱物置于石英舟中放入石英管,在管式炉的氮气氛围中升至500 ℃加热30min,冷却至室温,得到钨氧化物粉末,分别命名为WO2.92。将以上所得的WO2.92固体粉末加入到0.25 mol/L的Zn(NO3)2溶液中,在磁力搅拌下缓慢滴加0.5 mol/L的NaOH溶液到所得悬浮液中产生沉淀。持续搅拌1 h后将沉淀过滤,用纯水洗涤数次,将所得产物置于60 ℃的烘箱中干燥。然后,将ZnO/WO2.92(ZWO2.92)的前驱物置于石英舟中放入石英管,在管式炉的氮气氛围中升至300 ℃复合热处理2 h,得到ZnO/WO2.92异质结型金属防腐蚀颜料。
实施例2
首先,取5.00 g H2WO4和1.26 g H2C2O4·2H2O于烧杯中,加入20 mL纯水磁力搅拌均匀。然后,在搅拌条件下缓慢滴加一定量的水合肼溶液(2.40 mL和0 mL),持续搅拌30min。将所得产物置于100 ℃的真空烘箱中干燥 2 h,研磨之后分别得到浅蓝色和黄色前驱物粉末。最后,将前驱物置于石英舟中放入石英管,在管式炉的氮气氛围中升至800 ℃加热30 min,冷却至室温,得到钨氧化物粉末,分别命名为WO2.92。将以上所得的WO2.92固体粉末加入到0.25 mol/L的Zn(NO3)2溶液中,在磁力搅拌下缓慢滴加0.5 mol/L的NaOH溶液到所得悬浮液中产生沉淀。持续搅拌1 h后将沉淀过滤,用纯水洗涤数次,将所得产物置于60 ℃的烘箱中干燥。然后,将ZnO/WO2.92(ZWO2.92)的前驱物置于石英舟中放入石英管,在管式炉的氮气氛围中升至700 ℃复合热处理1 h,得到ZnO/WO2.92异质结型金属防腐蚀颜料。
实施例3
首先,取5.00 g H2WO4和1.26 g H2C2O4·2H2O于烧杯中,加入20 mL纯水磁力搅拌均匀。然后,在搅拌条件下缓慢滴加一定量的水合肼溶液(2.40 mL和0 mL),持续搅拌30min。将所得产物置于90 ℃的真空烘箱中干燥6 h,研磨之后分别得到浅蓝色和黄色前驱物粉末。最后,将前驱物置于石英舟中放入石英管,在管式炉的氮气氛围中升至500 ℃加热30min,冷却至室温,得到钨氧化物粉末,分别命名为WO2.92。将以上所得的WO2.92固体粉末加入到0.25 mol/L的Zn(NO3)2溶液中,在磁力搅拌下缓慢滴加0.5 mol/L的NaOH溶液到所得悬浮液中产生沉淀。持续搅拌1 h后将沉淀过滤,用纯水洗涤数次,将所得产物置于60 ℃的烘箱中干燥。然后,将ZnO/WO2.92(ZWO2.92)的前驱物置于石英舟中放入石英管,在管式炉的氮气氛围中升至500 ℃复合热处理4 h,得到ZnO/WO2.92异质结型金属防腐蚀颜料。
实施例4
首先,取5.00 g H2WO4和1.26 g H2C2O4·2H2O于烧杯中,加入20 mL纯水磁力搅拌均匀。然后,在搅拌条件下缓慢滴加一定量的水合肼溶液(2.40 mL和0 mL),持续搅拌30min。将所得产物置于75 ℃的真空烘箱中干燥 7 h,研磨之后分别得到浅蓝色和黄色前驱物粉末。最后,将前驱物置于石英舟中放入石英管,在管式炉的氮气氛围中升至800 ℃加热30 min,冷却至室温,得到钨氧化物粉末,分别命名为WO2.92。将以上所得的WO2.92固体粉末加入到0.25 mol/L的Zn(NO3)2溶液中,在磁力搅拌下缓慢滴加0.5 mol/L的NaOH溶液到所得悬浮液中产生沉淀。持续搅拌1 h后将沉淀过滤,用纯水洗涤数次,将所得产物置于60 ℃的烘箱中干燥。然后,将ZnO/WO2.92(ZWO2.92)的前驱物置于石英舟中放入石英管,在管式炉的氮气氛围中升至700 ℃复合热处理1 h,得到ZnO/WO2.92异质结型金属防腐蚀颜料。
Claims (1)
1.本发明获得的一种异质结型金属防腐蚀颜料,具有二维的纳米片阵列结构和光电特性,由钨氧化物和氧化锌固两种成分组成,其制备工艺步骤为:首先,取一定量的钨酸和草酸置于烧杯中,加入去离子水后,磁力搅拌均匀;然后,在搅拌条件下缓慢滴加一定量的水合肼溶液,持续搅拌至均匀,将所得产物置于真空烘箱中干燥,研磨,得到浅蓝色前驱物粉末;再次,将该前驱物置于石英舟后放入石英管中,在管式炉的氮气氛围中煅烧,冷却至室温,得到钨氧化物粉末;最后,将以上所得的钨氧化物粉末粉末加入到Zn(NO3)2溶液中,在磁力搅拌下缓慢滴加氢氧化钠溶液,产生沉淀,持续搅拌一定时间后,将沉淀过滤,用去离子水洗涤数次,烘箱中干燥,研磨后,再在管式炉的氮气氛围中复合热处理,得到ZnO/WO2.92异质结型金属防腐蚀颜料,具体制备条件为:前驱物烘干:干燥温度为60~100 ℃,干燥时间为2~8 h;复合热处理:煅烧温度300~700℃,煅烧时间1~4 h。
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US20130168228A1 (en) * | 2011-04-12 | 2013-07-04 | Geoffrey A. Ozin | Photoactive Material Comprising Nanoparticles of at Least Two Photoactive Constituents |
CN106512985A (zh) * | 2016-09-20 | 2017-03-22 | 河南师范大学 | 一种ZnO/WO3异质结阵列的合成方法 |
CN111569862A (zh) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-08-25 | 张先付 | 一种ZnO-WO3异质结光催化复合降解材料及其制法 |
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US20130168228A1 (en) * | 2011-04-12 | 2013-07-04 | Geoffrey A. Ozin | Photoactive Material Comprising Nanoparticles of at Least Two Photoactive Constituents |
CN106512985A (zh) * | 2016-09-20 | 2017-03-22 | 河南师范大学 | 一种ZnO/WO3异质结阵列的合成方法 |
CN111569862A (zh) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-08-25 | 张先付 | 一种ZnO-WO3异质结光催化复合降解材料及其制法 |
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