CN113646159A - 平坦夹层板式铰接底板 - Google Patents

平坦夹层板式铰接底板 Download PDF

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CN113646159A
CN113646159A CN201980094941.7A CN201980094941A CN113646159A CN 113646159 A CN113646159 A CN 113646159A CN 201980094941 A CN201980094941 A CN 201980094941A CN 113646159 A CN113646159 A CN 113646159A
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seat
bottom assembly
seat bottom
panel
assembly
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R·曼苏里
R·特拉尼耶
C·M·帕克
G·拉马拉特南
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Safran Seats USA LLC
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Zodiac Seats US LLC
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Abstract

描述了乘客座椅底部组件，其包括由优选地以平坦或基本平坦的布置结合在一起的第一面板、轻质芯层和第二面板形成的分层座椅底部组件。芯层可以是蜂窝结构(例如金属或铝蜂窝)或泡沫，其以最小的成形和最小的重量赋予座椅底部组件高强度和刚度。

Description

平坦夹层板式铰接底板
技术领域
本发明的技术领域涉及乘客座椅。
背景技术
在商用飞行器中，座椅被设计为满足乘客安全和舒适的需求，同时考虑了对重量和空间进行严格的限制。在现有的飞行器设计中，乘客座椅设计有刚性支撑结构以满足安全标准，典型地包括为乘客提供支撑就座表面的成形复合座椅底板。然而，现代座椅组件随着时间的推移变得越来越复杂，并且需要增加强度以并入改进的安全特征，但是对乘客支撑、成本和重量的驱动因素保持不变。为此，需要座椅组件(包括座椅底板)的改进结构性能解决方案。
发明内容
本申请中使用的术语“发明”、“该发明”、“此发明”和“本发明”旨在广泛地指代本申请的所有主题和权利要求。包含这些术语的语句应被理解为不限制本文描述的主题或限制以下权利要求的含义或范围。本申请所涵盖的本发明的实施例由权利要求而不是此发明内容来限定。此发明内容是本发明各个方面的高级概述，并介绍了在以下具体实施方式部分进一步描述的一些构思。此发明内容不旨在确定要求保护的主题的关键或必要特征，也不旨在单独使用以确定要求保护的主题的范围。应该通过参考本申请的整个说明书、任何或所有附图和每项权利要求的适当部分来理解该主题。
根据本发明的某些实施例，公开了一种用于乘客座椅的座椅底部组件，其包括座椅底板，该座椅底板包括第一面板、与第一面板结合的芯材料和与芯材料结合并与第一面板相对的第二面板。座椅底部组件可以是平面的或基本平面的，并且可以进一步包括与座椅底部组件连接以促进座椅底板的铰接运动的滑动连接件和/或锁定机构。
根据本发明的某些实施例，公开了一种乘客座椅，其包括被构造为能够附接到乘客舱地板的座椅框架，并具有与座椅框架连接的分层座椅底部组件。所包括的分层座椅底部组件可以包括本文描述的特征的任何合适的组合。乘客座椅还可以包括与座椅框架枢转地连接的座椅靠背组件。
还公开了在乘客座椅中安装座椅底部组件的方法。此类方法包括通过一个或多个滑动连接件将分层座椅底部组件与乘客座椅组件的座椅框架滑动连接，其中座椅底部组件和乘客座椅可以包括本文所述特征的任何合适组合。
附图说明
图1是根据本公开的某些实施例的包括具有分层座椅底部组件的乘客座椅的就座布置的透视图。
图2是示出如图1所示的乘客座椅中的分层座椅底部组件的透视图。
图3是示出图1和图2所示的分层座椅底部组件的详细方面的组装视图。
图4是示出如图1至图3所示的分层座椅底部组件的第一示例的侧面剖视图。
图5是示出如图1至图3所示的分层座椅底部组件的第二示例的侧面剖视图。
具体实施方式
本发明的实施例的主题在此具体描述以满足法定要求，但此描述不一定旨在限制权利要求的范围。要求保护的主题可以以其他方式体现，可以包括不同的元素或步骤，并且可以与其他现有或未来技术结合使用。此描述不应被解释为暗示各个步骤或元素之中或之间的任何特定顺序或布置，除非明确描述了各个步骤的顺序或元素的布置。
本发明的所述实施例提供用于乘客座椅的改进的座椅底部组件。虽然讨论了用于飞行器座椅的改进的座椅底部组件，但它们绝不是被如此限制。相反，座椅底部组件的实施例可以根据需要用于乘客座椅或任何类型或其他方式的其他座椅。
根据本发明的某些实施例，如图1所示，乘客就座布置100可以包括一个或多个单独的座椅组件102。每个乘客座椅组件102包括座椅框架104，该座椅框架可以固定到乘客舱的地板上，并且支撑座椅底部组件106和座椅靠背组件108。座椅靠背组件通过一组框架臂110与座椅框架104连接，该组框架臂在座椅底部组件106的上方和后方提供枢轴元件120以允许座椅靠背组件108倾斜。座椅底部组件106可以通过框架支撑管112与座椅框架104连接。然而，可以结合本文公开的座椅底部组件采用用于乘客座椅的替代形式的支撑结构。
座椅底部组件106包括形成座椅底板114的分层组件，座椅底板定位成接收座垫118并且定位成与座椅靠背116一起工作以支撑乘客。座椅底部组件106可以例如在座椅底板114的后端处通过铰接连杆122连接到座椅靠背116，该铰接连杆允许座椅底部组件106和座椅靠背组件108响应于乘客施加的力而彼此一致地移动以使座椅倾斜。为此，座椅底部组件106可以通过一组滑动连杆124与座椅框架104连接，滑动连杆允许座椅底板114相对于框架进行铰接运动。
图2是示出了如图1所示的乘客座椅组件102中的座椅底部组件106的透视图，还示出了包括座椅框架104、座椅底部组件106、座椅靠背组件108、框架臂110和框架支撑管112的单独座椅组件102。座椅底部组件106的特征被更详细地示出，特别是座椅底板114通过一组滑动连杆124与框架支撑管112的连接。滑动连杆124与滑动支撑件126机械地连接并相互作用以允许座椅底部相对于座椅框架104进行铰接运动。倾斜锁定组件128还通过框架支撑管112将座椅底板114与框架连接。倾斜锁定组件128可以由乘客座椅组件102中的乘客致动以允许或防止座椅倾斜。在发生碰撞事件的情况下，倾斜锁定组件128会承受大量的突然力。然而，座椅底板114的独特组件提供了足够的结构支撑以在座椅底板114、倾斜锁定组件128和座椅框架104之间安全地传递力，以便整体上保持乘客座椅102的结构完整性，并且正确地将脉冲传输到座椅框架104和倾斜锁定组件128的内置安全机构。下面参考图3至图5更详细地示出座椅底板114的特征。
图3是分解组件视图，示出了座椅底部组件106的详细方面，特别是图1和图2中所示的座椅底板114。座椅底部组件106以分解状态106a和组装状态106b示出，并且包括座椅底板114、滑动连杆124、倾斜锁定组件128和后支架132，该后支架被定位和构造成通过铰接连杆122将座椅底板114与座椅靠背116连接。在组装时，座椅底板114通过多个连接件140与滑动连杆124和倾斜锁定组件128连接，所述多个连接件140经由座椅底板的分层组件中的通孔142附接到座椅底板。
座椅底板114由两个面板(顶面板134、底面板136)和芯层138的夹合布置形成。常规座椅底板典型地由厚金属板或厚复合板形成，其形成为轮廓形状以产生定向强度。与常规底板不同，本文所述的座椅底板114的实施例通过围绕芯层层叠一组离散的面板而形成。因此，尽管单个零件的数量可能更多，但组装的座椅底板114不需要复杂的成形步骤并且简化了其他零件的添加，最终在不牺牲有效性的情况下降低了安装的成本和复杂性。令人惊讶的是，通过将面板134、136与芯层138结合在一起，结合的座椅底板114获得的拉伸、扭转和剪切强度可以等于或超过具有相当重量的成形金属或复合座椅底板的强度。
顶面板134和底面板136可以例如通过压力敏感粘合剂和/或温度敏感粘合剂永久地结合到芯材料，该粘合剂可以渗透芯层、铺设在芯层和面板的界面处、或者包括固化在芯层和每个面板之间的粘合剂膜或粘合剂层。粘合剂可以发泡、喷涂、涂覆到面板和芯板的相应部分，或者可以在加热和/或压力处理以建立结合之前作为层放置。
在一些实施例中，当座椅底部组件106与座椅框架104滑动连接使得座椅底部组件可以相对于座椅框架进行铰接运动时，座椅靠背组件108还可以与座椅底部组件机械地和枢转地连结，使得座椅底部组件和座椅靠背组件可以响应于由乘客引起的力而铰接在一起。座椅底部组件106可以通过倾斜锁定组件与座椅框架104连接，倾斜锁定组件构造成通过将倾斜锁定组件与座椅底部组件和座椅框架可枢转地连接，响应于倾斜锁定组件的致动，防止或允许分层座椅底部组件相对于框架进行铰接运动。座椅底部组件可以由与座椅底部组件的上表面(例如顶面板134)连接的座垫118覆盖。根据各种实施例，顶面板134、芯层138和底面板136是平面的，从而产生重量轻、制造和组装简单的平面或基本平面的座椅底板114，同时由于金属面板和芯层的相互作用而具有优异的抗张强度、抗弯曲强度和抗剪切强度。
将分层座椅底部组件与座椅框架连接可以包括(例如，通过粘合剂材料或通过机械连接件，诸如螺栓、螺钉等)将分层座椅底部组件与一个或多个滑动连接件结合或机械地连接并将一个或多个滑动连接件附接到座椅框架。例如，图4是侧面剖视图，示出了如图1至图3所示的座椅底部组件106的分层座椅底板114的第一示例，分层座椅底板与滑动连杆124和倾斜锁定组件128连接。座椅底板114通过后支架132在座椅底板的最后部分处与铰接连杆122连接。滑动连杆124可以通过穿过座椅底板114中的通孔142的连接件140直接附接到座椅底板114。倾斜锁定组件128还可以通过倾斜锁定支架156连接到座椅底板114，倾斜锁定支架允许倾斜锁定组件128根据需要枢转和伸出或缩回以适应座椅底部组件106的铰接运动。滑动连杆124可以与附接到座椅框架104(图1至图2)的滑动支撑件126接合，使得连接件或支撑件之一中的滑块152与引导件154接合以允许座椅底板114向前和向后运动。
顶面板134和底面板136具有相对于芯层厚度148较小的相应厚度144、146，使得座椅底板占据的大部分体积由芯层组成，使得整个组件的重量相对较小。
取决于重量、强度和所选材料，面板134、136可以由各种厚度的金属、聚合物或复合材料形成，例如小于0.25cm(0.1英寸)，优选地小于0.025cm(0.01英寸)，优选地小于0.0125cm(0.005英寸)，或更优选地小于0.0025cm(0.001英寸)。面板的示例性材料可以包括金属板，例如铝、镁、它们的合金或类似材料；纤维增强聚合物复合材料板等。在一些特定实施例中，面板可以是铝并且具有在0.0025至0.25cm(0.001至0.10英寸)范围内、优选地0.02至0.08cm(0.008至0.032英寸)范围内的厚度。替代地，面板可以是钢并且具有0.0025至0.25cm(0.001至0.10英寸)、优选地0.01至0.04cm(0.008至0.032英寸)范围内的厚度。面板也可以是聚合物或聚合物/纤维复合材料并且具有0.0025至0.25cm(0.001至0.10英寸)、优选地0.01至0.04厘米(0.008至0.032英寸)范围内的厚度；或者面板可以由镁或镁合金形成，并且具有0.0125至0.5cm(0.005到0.20英寸)、优选地0.02至0.25cm(0.008到0.1英寸)范围内的厚度。
芯层138也可以由多种材料形成，并且包括例如蜂窝状金属结构，优选地蜂窝状铝结构；或轻质聚合物泡沫、复合材料泡沫、金属蜂窝或芳纶蜂窝。根据各种实施例，并且取决于所选择的材料，芯材料可以具有小于7.6cm(3.0英寸)、优选地小于2.5cm(1英寸)、优选地小于0.25cm(0.1英寸)、或者更优选地小于0.05cm(0.2英寸)的厚度。芯的厚度可以根据所选材料而变化。例如，根据一些实施例，芯层138可以是厚度为约0.125至7.72cm(0.05至3.0英寸)、优选地0.25至2.5cm(0.1至1英寸)的铝蜂窝芯。替代地，芯层138可以是泡沫芯(例如聚合物泡沫或复合材料泡沫)，或者是厚度为约0.125至7.72cm(0.05至3.0英寸)、优选地0.25至2.5cm(0.1至1英寸)的芳纶蜂窝；或者芯层138可以是厚度为约0.005至0.25cm(0.002至0.1英寸)、优选地0.01至0.25cm(0.004至0.1英寸)的聚碳酸酯层。对于包括蜂窝状芯层138的实施例，蜂窝结构的内部尺寸(例如最小宽度)可以很小，为约1.52mm至约9.5mm(约0.06至0.37英寸)的量级。
图5是侧面剖视图，示出了与如图1至图3所示的乘客座椅组件102兼容的分层座椅底部组件206的第二示例，其中部件通常彼此结合而不是通过穿通安装的连接件140连接。例如，如图所示，座椅底部组件206包括与滑动连杆224和倾斜锁定组件228连接的座椅底板214，与上文使用相似附图标记描述的那些相似。座椅底板214通过后支架232在座椅底板的最后部分处与铰接连杆222连接。
与以上所示的实施例相反，滑动连杆224可以通过例如热敏或压敏粘合剂、胶水、点焊或其他形式的直接结合的方式粘附或结合到座椅底板214。倾斜锁定组件228还可以通过倾斜锁定支架256结合到座椅底板214。滑动连杆224可以与附接到座椅框架204(图1至图2)的滑动支撑件226接合，使得连接件或支撑件之一中的滑块252与引导件254接合以允许座椅底板214向前和向后运动。如上所述，顶面板234和底面板236具有相对于芯层厚度248较小的相应厚度244、246，使得座椅底板占据的大部分体积由芯层组成，使得整个组件的重量相对较小。注意，图4展示了诸如蜂窝的网格型芯层，而图5展示了泡沫芯层238；然而，各种类型的芯层材料和面板材料可以以任何合适的组合进行组合。
座椅的结构元件(例如乘客座椅组件102、座椅框架104、座椅底部组件106(图1)以及包括底面板136的座椅底板114、顶面板134和芯层138或类似零件或其他结构部件(图1至图5))以及本文的任何居间结构元件或附接元件可以由包括但不限于铝、镁、钛、不锈钢、芳纶纤维、聚碳酸酯、聚丙烯、其他金属材料、复合材料或其他类似材料的材料形成。
在下文中，描述了进一步的示例以促进对本发明的理解：
示例A.一种用于乘客座椅的座椅底部组件，该组件包括：第一面板，与第一面板结合的芯材料；和与第一面板相对地与芯材料结合的第二面板，其中，座椅底部组件被构造为能够与座椅框架连接。
示例B.如示例A所述的组件，其中，第一面板、芯材料和第二面板是平的。
示例C.如示例A或示例B所述的组件，还包括：多个滑动连接件，附接到座椅底部组件的底侧并且被构造为将座椅底部组件与座椅组件框架滑动连接。
示例D.如前述示例中任一项所述的组件，其中，第一面板和第二面板包括金属、聚合物或复合材料的平面板。
示例E.如前述示例中任一项所述的组件，其中，第一面板和第二面板包括铝板或纤维增强聚合物复合材料板。
示例F.如前述示例中任一项所述的组件，其中，芯材料包括蜂窝状金属结构，优选地蜂窝状铝结构。
示例G.如前述示例中任一项所述的组件，其中，芯材料包括轻质聚合物泡沫、复合材料泡沫、金属蜂窝或芳纶蜂窝。
示例H.如前述示例中任一项所述的组件，其中，第一面板和第二面板的厚度小于0.25cm(0.1英寸)，优选地小于0.025cm(0.01英寸)，优选地小于0.0125cm(0.005英寸)，优选地小于0.0025cm(0.001英寸)。
示例I.如前述示例中任一项所述的组件，其中，芯材料的厚度小于7.6cm(3.0英寸)，优选地小于2.5cm(1英寸)，优选地小于0.25cm(0.1英寸)，或优选地小于0.05cm(0.2英寸)。
示例J.如前述示例中任一项所述的组件，其中，第一面板和第二面板永久地结合到芯材料。
示例K.如前述示例中任一项所述的组件，其中，第一面板和第二面板通过压力敏感粘合剂和/或温度敏感粘合剂与芯材料结合。
示例L.一种乘客座椅，包括：座椅框架，被构造为能够附接到乘客舱地板；和分层座椅底部组件，与座椅框架连接，分层座椅底部组件包括：第一面板，与第一面板结合的芯材料；和与第一面板相对地与芯材料结合的第二面板。
示例M.如示例L所述的乘客座椅，还包括与座椅框架枢转地连接的座椅靠背组件，其中：座椅底部组件与座椅框架滑动连接，使得座椅底部组件可以响应于乘客引起的力而相对于座椅框架进行铰接运动；并且座椅底部组件与座椅靠背组件枢转地连接。
示例N.如前述示例中任一项所述的乘客座椅，其中：第一面板和第二面板包括平面金属板；并且芯材料包括金属蜂窝。
示例O.如前述示例中任一项所述的乘客座椅，其中，座椅底部组件通过倾斜锁定组件与座椅框架可操作地连接，倾斜锁定组件被构造为响应于倾斜锁定组件的致动防止或允许分层座椅底部组件相对于框架的铰接运动。
示例P.如前述示例中任一项所述的乘客座椅，还包括与第一面板的上表面连接的基本平坦的座垫。
示例Q.如前述示例中任一项所述的乘客座椅，其中，第一面板、芯材料和第二面板是平面的。
示例R.一种在乘客座椅中安装座椅底部组件的方法，该方法包括：通过一个或多个滑动连接件将分层座椅底部组件与乘客座椅组件的座椅框架滑动连接，分层座椅底部组件包括：第一面板，与第一面板结合的芯材料；和与第一面板相对地与芯材料结合的第二面板；通过枢转连接件将分层座椅底部组件与乘客座椅组件的可倾斜座椅靠背连接；以及将座垫与分层座椅底部组件组装以形成乘客座椅底部。
示例S.如示例R所述的方法，还包括：将倾斜锁连接到分层座椅底部组件，定向成使得倾斜锁可以响应于倾斜锁的致动而抵抗或允许分层座椅底部组件的运动。
示例T.如前述示例中任一项所述的方法，其中，将分层座椅底部组件与座椅框架滑动连接包括将分层座椅底部组件与一个或多个滑动连接件结合并且将一个或多个滑动连接件附接到座椅框架。
附图中描绘的或上文描述的部件的不同布置以及未示出或描述的部件和步骤是可能的。类似地，一些特征和子组合是有用的并且可以在不引用其他特征和子组合的情况下使用。出于说明性而非限制性目的描述了本发明的实施例，并且替代实施例对于本申请的读者而言将变得明显。因此，本发明不限于上述或附图中描述的实施例，并且在不脱离权利要求的范围的情况下可以做出各种实施例和修改。

Claims (21)

1.一种用于乘客座椅的座椅底部组件，所述座椅底部组件包括：
第一面板；
芯材料，其与第一面板结合；和
第二面板，其与第一面板相对地与芯材料结合；
其中，座椅底部组件被构造为能够与座椅框架连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的座椅底部组件，其中，第一面板、芯材料和第二面板是平的。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的座椅底部组件，还包括：
多个滑动连接件，其附接到座椅底部组件的底侧并且被构造为能够将座椅底部组件与座椅组件框架滑动连接。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的座椅底部组件，其中，第一面板和第二面板包括金属、聚合物或复合材料的平面板。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的座椅底部组件，其中，第一面板和第二面板包括铝板或纤维增强聚合物复合材料板。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的座椅底部组件，其中，芯材料包括蜂窝状金属结构，优选蜂窝状铝结构。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的座椅底部组件，其中，芯材料包括轻质聚合物泡沫、复合材料泡沫、金属蜂窝或芳纶蜂窝。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的座椅底部组件，其中，第一面板和第二面板的厚度小于0.25cm(0.1英寸)、优选地小于0.025cm(0.01英寸)、优选地小于0.0125cm(0.005英寸)、优选地小于0.0025cm(0.001英寸)。
9.根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的座椅底部组件，其中，芯材料的厚度小于7.6cm(3.0英寸)、优选地小于2.5cm(1英寸)、优选地小于0.25cm(0.1英寸)、或者优选地小于0.05cm(0.2英寸)。
10.根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的座椅底部组件，其中，第一面板和第二面板永久地结合到芯材料。
11.根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的座椅底部组件，其中，第一面板和第二面板通过压力敏感粘合剂和/或温度敏感粘合剂与芯材料结合。
12.一种乘客座椅，包括：
座椅框架，其被构造为能够附接到乘客舱地板；和
座椅底部组件，其与座椅框架连接，所述座椅底部组件包括：
第一面板，
芯材料，其与第一面板结合；和
第二面板，其与第一面板相对地与芯材料结合。
13.根据权利要求12所述的乘客座椅，还包括与座椅框架枢转地连接的座椅靠背组件，其中：
座椅底部组件与座椅框架滑动连接，使得座椅底部组件能够响应于乘客引起的力而相对于座椅框架进行铰接运动；并且
座椅底部组件与座椅靠背组件枢转地连接。
14.根据权利要求12或13所述的乘客座椅，其中：
第一面板和第二面板包括平面金属板；并且
芯材料包括金属蜂窝。
15.根据权利要求12至14中任一项所述的乘客座椅，其中，座椅底部组件通过倾斜锁定组件与座椅框架可操作地连接，倾斜锁定组件被构造为能够响应于用户对倾斜锁定组件的致动，防止或允许座椅底部组件相对于座椅框架进行铰接运动。
16.根据权利要求12至15中任一项所述的乘客座椅，还包括与第一面板的上表面连接的基本平坦的座垫。
17.根据权利要求12至16中任一项所述的乘客座椅，其中，第一面板、芯材料和第二面板是平的。
18.一种在乘客座椅中安装座椅底部组件的方法，所述方法包括：
通过一个或多个滑动连接件将分层座椅底部组件与乘客座椅组件的座椅框架滑动连接，所述分层座椅底部组件包括：
第一面板；
芯材料，其与第一面板结合；和
第二面板，其与第一面板相对地与芯材料结合；
通过枢转连接件将分层座椅底部组件与乘客座椅组件的可倾斜座椅靠背连接；以及
将座垫与分层座椅底部组件组装以形成乘客座椅底部。
19.根据权利要求18所述的方法，还包括：
将倾斜锁可操作地连接到分层座椅底部组件，定向成使得倾斜锁能够响应于倾斜锁的致动而抵抗或允许分层座椅底部组件的运动。
20.根据权利要求18或19所述的方法，其中，将分层座椅底部组件与座椅框架滑动连接包括将分层座椅底部组件与所述一个或多个滑动连接件结合并将所述一个或多个滑动连接件附接到座椅框架。
21.根据权利要求18或19所述的方法，其中，将分层座椅底部组件与座椅框架滑动连接包括通过穿过分层座椅底部组件的一个或多个附接元件将分层座椅底部组件附接到所述一个或多个滑动连接件，以及将所述一个或多个滑动连接件附接到座椅框架。
CN201980094941.7A 2019-03-29 2019-03-29 平坦夹层板式铰接底板 Pending CN113646159A (zh)

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