CN113633813A - 一种促进伤口愈合的水凝胶医用敷料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于医用敷料的技术领域，具体涉及一种促进伤口愈合的水凝胶医用敷料及其制备方法。制备方法包括：将聚异丁烯溶解，制备聚异丁烯溶液；将羧甲基纤维素钠和海藻酸钠混合，得到混合溶液；将混合溶液加入到聚异丁烯溶液中，混合均匀，静置过夜，得水凝胶；配制角蛋白溶液，用移液枪吸取角蛋白溶液于水凝胶表面，而后置于空气恒温振荡器中振荡，之后模压成型，转移至真空干燥箱中烘烤，即得水凝胶医用敷料，该水凝胶医用敷料的含水量为50％‑80％。本发明的水凝胶医用敷料具有更好的修复能力和更好的舒适度，能够促进伤口愈合。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医用敷料的技术领域，具体涉及一种促进伤口愈合的水凝胶医用敷料及其制备方法。
背景技术
皮肤可以隔离病菌，使人体不被病菌伤害，但由于烧伤、磕碰等意外的发生，会使人体皮肤受到损伤。虽然人体有一定的自我修复能力，但伤口愈合周期较长，没有了皮肤这层屏障，人体就无法隔绝病菌，病菌侵入人体造成伤口感染。此外，伤口会在愈合期间产生大量的伤口渗出液。为了保障伤口愈合期间不被病菌感染，且吸收大量伤口渗出液，医用敷料应运而生。
传统敷料利用纱布来覆盖伤口，但纱布在伤口结痂前每隔几小时就需要更换。而纱线没有保湿作用，且容易与伤口进行粘连，在更换时容易导致粘连结痴，造成二次性损伤，形成慢性伤口，延缓愈合。市面上还有泡沫敷料、水胶体敷料等。泡沫敷料主要适用于一些有大量渗液的伤口、慢性伤口的患处，但是泡沫敷料需要使用二层敷料或胶带固定，使用较为麻烦；渗液较多时，如果没有及时更换，可能会引起伤口周围皮肤浸渍；不能用于焦痂或干燥的伤口；有些泡沫敷料不能用于某些种类的伤口，如感染伤口或窦道伤口；进口产品的价格较高，也限制了其推广。水胶体敷料主要适用于慢性溃疡、褥疮、静脉炎等少量渗液创面，但可能会在伤口床留下残留物，被误认为感染；容易发生摩擦的部位敷料边缘容易卷边；感染存在时不可以用；粘性较大，如果使用较短时间就去除，敷料粘性仍然很大时可能造成皮肤损伤。
水凝胶敷料是一类性能优于传统敷料和生物敷料的新型生物材料，在生物医学工程领域有广泛的研究和应用。水凝胶敷料有很强的吸收性能，并且能够为创面创造一个利于组织再生的湿润环境，凝胶状态具有滑弹特性，有效地避免了伤口黏连造成的二次伤害，如何最大提高水凝胶敷料的使用感受和使用效果是目前水凝胶敷料研究的重点。
发明内容
为了解决现有的敷料修复能力或舒适度较差的问题，本发明提供了一种促进伤口愈合的水凝胶医用敷料，具有更好的修复能力和更好的舒适度。
一种促进伤口愈合的水凝胶医用敷料的制备方法包括以下步骤：将聚异丁烯溶解，制备聚异丁烯溶液；将羧甲基纤维素钠和海藻酸钠混合，得到混合溶液；将混合溶液缓慢加入到聚异丁烯溶液中，搅拌使其混合均匀，静置过夜，得水凝胶；配制角蛋白溶液，用移液枪吸取角蛋白溶液于水凝胶表面，而后置于空气恒温振荡器中振荡，之后模压成型，最后转移至真空干燥箱中烘烤，即得水凝胶医用敷料。
进一步的，角蛋白：聚异丁烯：羧甲基纤维素钠：海藻酸钠的加入质量比为1-3：3-5：2-5：1-2。
进一步的，角蛋白：聚异丁烯：羧甲基纤维素钠：海藻酸钠的加入质量比为2：4：3：1.5。
角蛋白是一种天然活性物质，富含酰胺、羧基、羟基以及硫基等活性基团，具有止血、黏附和促进创面修复等功能。
角蛋白、聚异丁烯、羧甲基纤维素钠和海藻酸钠的复合，能够赋予敷料持久抑菌的功效，无毒无害，性质稳定，具有柔软、弹性高、拉伸强度高等特点。
进一步的，所述搅拌速度为200-300r/min，搅拌时间为15-30min。
进一步的，所述空气恒温振荡器的振荡时间为10-15min。
进一步的，所述真空干燥箱的烘烤温度为35-40℃，时间为1-2h。
上述制备方法得到的水凝胶医用敷料的含水量为50％-80％。
进一步的，所述水凝胶医用敷料的厚度为1.5-3mm。
进一步的，所述水凝胶医用敷料的厚度为2mm。
本发明的有益效果在于：
本发明提供的促进伤口愈合的水凝胶医用敷料，利用角蛋白溶液的黏附性、止血性和促进伤口愈合等性能，将角蛋白溶液与聚异丁烯、羧甲基纤维素钠和海藻酸钠复合得到了黏附性和吸水性较好的水凝胶敷料，该水凝胶敷料具有更好的修复能力和更好的舒适度。
具体实施方式
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明中的技术方案，下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都应当属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
一种促进伤口愈合的水凝胶医用敷料的制备方法包括以下步骤：以质量份数计，将4份聚异丁烯溶解，制备聚异丁烯溶液；将3份羧甲基纤维素钠和1.5份海藻酸钠混合，得到混合溶液；将混合溶液缓慢加入到聚异丁烯溶液中，搅拌使其混合均匀，搅拌时间速度为300r/min，搅拌时间为15min，静置过夜，得水凝胶；称取2份角蛋白，配制角蛋白溶液，用移液枪吸取角蛋白溶液于水凝胶表面，而后置于空气恒温振荡器中振荡10min，之后模压成型，最后转移至35℃真空干燥箱中烘烤2h，即得水凝胶医用敷料，水凝胶医用敷料的含水量为68％，厚度为1.5mm。
对比例1
该对比例的水凝胶医用敷料不添加角蛋白，其余均与实施例1相同。
实施例2
一种促进伤口愈合的水凝胶医用敷料的制备方法包括以下步骤：以质量份数计，将5份聚异丁烯溶解，制备聚异丁烯溶液；将4份羧甲基纤维素钠和2份海藻酸钠混合，得到混合溶液；将混合溶液缓慢加入到聚异丁烯溶液中，搅拌使其混合均匀，搅拌时间速度为200r/min，搅拌时间为30min，静置过夜，得水凝胶；称取3份将蛋白，配制角蛋白溶液，用移液枪吸取角蛋白溶液于水凝胶表面，而后置于空气恒温振荡器中振荡15min，之后模压成型，最后转移至40℃真空干燥箱中烘烤1.5h，即得水凝胶医用敷料，水凝胶医用敷料的含水量为74％，厚度为3.0mm。
对比例2
该对比例的水凝胶医用敷料不添加角蛋白，其余均与实施例2相同。
实施例3创面修复实验
选取清洁级8周龄SD雌性大鼠20只，体重200g左右，分成五组，每组四只，将各组大鼠麻醉，之后剪去大鼠背部毛发，用温度为90℃以上的湿医用纱布为热载体，在大鼠背部烫15-20s，形成深Ⅱ度烫伤创面，使创面与创周正常皮肤形成明显分界，之后用碘酒消毒，一个小时后对各组大鼠的创伤处进行第一次敷药，四组大鼠分别采用实施例1-2、对比例1-2的水凝胶医用敷料，还有一组为空白组(不作处理)，而后每天消毒一次、换敷料一次，每隔4天记录一次创伤面积大小，计算创面愈合率，统计记录如表1所示。
表1-大鼠创面愈合率
| 项目 | 第4天 | 第8天 | 第12天 | 第16天 |
| 实施例1 | 17％ | 59％ | 82％ | 98％ |
| 实施例2 | 18％ | 56％ | 80％ | 98％ |
| 对比例1 | 9％ | 45％ | 71％ | 91％ |
| 对比例2 | 11％ | 47％ | 68％ | 90％ |
| 空白组 | 2％ | 32％ | 60％ | 84％ |
创面愈合率计算公式为：创面愈合率＝(原创面面积－剩余创面面积)/原创面面积×100％。
从表1可知，创面修复后的第5天后，实施例1和实施例2的医用敷料的大鼠皮肤生长发育最快，第16天后创面几乎完全愈合，高于对比例1-2和空白组的愈合速率，因此本申请的水凝胶医用敷料更利于皮肤伤口的愈合。
尽管通过优选实施例的方式对本发明进行了详细描述，但本发明并不限于此。在不脱离本发明的精神和实质的前提下，本领域普通技术人员可以对本发明的实施例进行各种等效的修改或替换，而这些修改或替换都应在本发明的涵盖范围内/任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应以权利要求所述的保护范围为准。
Claims (8)
1.一种促进伤口愈合的水凝胶医用敷料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：将聚异丁烯溶解，制备聚异丁烯溶液；将羧甲基纤维素钠和海藻酸钠混合，得到混合溶液；将混合溶液缓慢加入到聚异丁烯溶液中，搅拌使其混合均匀，静置过夜，得水凝胶；配制角蛋白溶液，用移液枪吸取角蛋白溶液于水凝胶表面，而后置于空气恒温振荡器中振荡，之后模压成型，最后转移至真空干燥箱中烘烤，即得水凝胶医用敷料。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种促进伤口愈合的水凝胶医用敷料的制备方法，其特征在于，角蛋白：聚异丁烯：羧甲基纤维素钠：海藻酸钠的加入质量比为1-3：3-5：2-5：1-2。
3.如权利要求2所述的一种促进伤口愈合的水凝胶医用敷料的制备方法，其特征在于，角蛋白：聚异丁烯：羧甲基纤维素钠：海藻酸钠的加入质量比为2：4：3：1.5。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种促进伤口愈合的水凝胶医用敷料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述搅拌速度为200-300r/min，搅拌时间为15-30min。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种促进伤口愈合的水凝胶医用敷料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述空气恒温振荡器的振荡时间为10-15min。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种促进伤口愈合的水凝胶医用敷料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述真空干燥箱的烘烤温度为35-40℃，时间为1-2h。
7.如权利要求1所述的制备方法制备的水凝胶医用敷料，其特征在于，所述水凝胶医用敷料的含水量为50％-80％。
8.如权利要求7所述的一种促进伤口愈合的水凝胶医用敷料，其特征在于，所述水凝胶医用敷料的厚度为1.5-3mm。
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| CN115212038B (zh) * | 2022-06-30 | 2023-08-25 | 西安朴若医疗科技有限公司 | 一种用于促进伤口愈合的水凝胶医用敷料的制备方法 |
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