CN113632993A - 黑豆-乳清双蛋白运动营养粉 - Google Patents
黑豆-乳清双蛋白运动营养粉 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113632993A CN113632993A CN202110971121.0A CN202110971121A CN113632993A CN 113632993 A CN113632993 A CN 113632993A CN 202110971121 A CN202110971121 A CN 202110971121A CN 113632993 A CN113632993 A CN 113632993A
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- protein
- whey
- black bean
- powder
- parts
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Abstract
本发明的黑豆‑乳清双蛋白运动营养粉属于食品，是黑豆蛋白粉20～30份、乳清蛋白粉60～70份；所述的黑豆蛋白粉和乳清蛋白粉其纯度均在90%以上。两种蛋白复配后可以实现氨基酸互补的作用；降低乳清蛋白过敏现象；降低产品成本；黑豆蛋白粉和乳清蛋白复配可以提高服用者肌肉水平和生存质量。而且黑豆蛋白粉和乳清蛋白复配的“双蛋白”膳食模式不仅能够提高植物蛋白利用率，缓解动物蛋白需求量紧张这一状况，还能优化居民膳食结构，满足不同人群的营养需求；能平衡膳食、实现精准营养互作、同时还可以调控营养物质的消化与吸收，在全民中推广“双蛋白”营养健康食品，有利于推广平衡膳食和合理营养的饮食理念，改善消费者身体健康。
Description
技术领域
本申请属于食品，特别是涉及到一种黑豆-乳清双蛋白运动营养粉。
背景技术
在全民健身上升为国家战略的时代背景下，强身健体已成为现代生活的组成部分，身体健康不一定幸福，但少了健康则难言幸福。随着全民健身热潮的兴起，健身爱好者在注重锻炼的同时更加重视对营养膳食的补充。而蛋白质是保证机体健康最重要的营养素，不仅影响机体组织生长，还参与免疫功能的维持，处于生长发育期的儿童、健身人群、减肥人群或术后病人都需要大量的蛋白质满足身体机能需求，而传统的食补法在补充蛋白质的同时也会摄入大量的脂肪。因此，蛋白粉可作为营养补充剂为有需求的人群提供营养需求。
蛋白粉具有便于携带、吸收利用率高、能够减少肠胃负担等特点，是目前健身人群使用最多的补充剂之一。目前看来，乳清蛋白粉和大豆蛋白粉是市面上最常见的健身人群的营养补充剂；乳清蛋白粉虽然其具有吸收率高、氨基酸组成合理等特点，但由于我国乳清蛋白产量低，需要从国外进口，因此乳清蛋白粉的价格偏高，此外，乳清蛋白中含有过量的饱和脂肪和胆固醇，长期使用容易引起患慢性病的风险，且乳清蛋白中的乳糖容易引起乳糖不耐反应；而大豆蛋白中甲硫氨酸含量较低，且消化率相对低，影响吸收。另外，我省具有丰富的杂豆种植资源，若能大力推广其他杂豆蛋白与乳清蛋白相结合的健康饮食理念，不仅可以缓解我国乳清蛋白供不应求的现状，还能提高我省其他杂豆资源利用率，解决大豆蛋白消化率相对较低的问题，同时对我国“农业—食品—健康”一体化协同发展具有重要科学意义和现实意义。因此，寻求一种可以部分替代乳清蛋白的植物蛋白，既可以降低乳清蛋白的使用量，又可以起到营养互补的作用，能同时发挥植物蛋白和动物蛋白的优势，使其产品的营养价值更加完美，同时也符合我国国民的健康需求。
发明内容
本发明旨在于克服现有技术的不足，提供了一种黑豆-乳清双蛋白运动营养粉。
本发明的黑豆-乳清双蛋白运动营养粉，包括下列组份按重量份数制成：黑豆蛋白粉20～30份、乳清蛋白粉60～70份；所述的黑豆蛋白粉和乳清蛋白粉其纯度均在90%以上。
作为本发明的进一步改进，还包括中链甘油三酯 1～3份。
作为本发明的进一步改进，还包括肌酸 0.5～1.5 份。
作为本发明的进一步改进，还包括复合维生素 1～5份。
作为本发明的进一步改进，还包括大豆卵磷脂0.5～1份。
作为本发明的进一步改进，还包括复合微量元素0.1～0.5份。
作为本发明的进一步改进，还包括黄原胶1～4份。
作为本发明的进一步改进，还包括柠檬酸1～3份、三氯蔗糖0.05～0.1份、柠檬黄0.005～0.1份。
本发明的黑豆-乳清双蛋白运动营养粉，复配后可以实现氨基酸互补的作用；降低乳清蛋白过敏现象；降低产品成本；黑豆蛋白粉和乳清蛋白复配可以提高服用者肌肉水平和生存质量。而且黑豆蛋白粉和乳清蛋白复配的“双蛋白”膳食模式不仅能够提高植物蛋白利用率，缓解动物蛋白需求量紧张这一状况，还能优化居民膳食结构，满足不同人群的营养需求；能平衡膳食、实现精准营养互作、同时还可以调控营养物质的消化与吸收，在全民中推广“双蛋白”营养健康食品，有利于推广平衡膳食和合理营养的饮食理念，改善消费者身体健康。
附图说明
图1是黑豆蛋白和乳清蛋白不同比列配比时体外消化率值；
图2是黑豆蛋白和乳清蛋白制备的营养粉其体外消化率与大豆蛋白和乳清蛋白制备的营养粉的体外消化率的对比。
具体实施方式
本发明各实施例中用到的黑豆蛋白粉和乳清蛋白粉其纯度均在90%以上。
实施例1
本发明黑豆-乳清双蛋白运动营养粉，是由黑豆蛋白粉20份和乳清蛋白粉70份制成。
实施例2
本发明黑豆-乳清双蛋白运动营养粉，是黑豆蛋白粉22份、乳清蛋白粉65份、中链甘油三酯 2份、肌酸 1份制成。
实施例3
本发明黑豆-乳清双蛋白运动营养粉，是黑豆蛋白粉25份、乳清蛋白粉68份、中链甘油三酯3份、肌酸 1份制成。
实施例4
本发明黑豆-乳清双蛋白运动营养粉，是由下列组份按重量份数制成：黑豆蛋白粉28份、乳清蛋白粉60份、中链甘油三酯1份、肌酸 0.5份、复合维生素 2份、大豆卵磷脂0.5份、复合微量元素0.2份、黄原胶2份、柠檬酸1份、三氯蔗糖0.05份、柠檬黄0.01份。
实施例4
本发明黑豆-乳清双蛋白运动营养粉，是由下列组份按重量份数制成：黑豆蛋白粉30份、乳清蛋白粉70份、中链甘油三酯3份、肌酸1.5 份、复合维生素 4份、大豆卵磷脂1份、复合微量元素 0.4份、黄原胶3份、柠檬酸3份、三氯蔗糖0.1份、柠檬黄0.1份。
复合维生素包括维生素A、维生素E、维生素B1、维生素D、维生素C、维生素B2、维生素 B6、维生素B12等，可根据需求选择性添加。
复合微量元素，可根据需求，选择性添加钙、铁、锌、硒、钠、钾、碘等。
实施例1-5中的黑豆-乳清双蛋白运动营养粉，其制备是将黑豆蛋白和乳清蛋白按份数混合，添加适当配料（所有配料均为粉末状），利用高速搅拌机将各种样品混合搅拌均匀，随后进行过筛、灭菌、罐装，即得到“黑豆-乳清”双蛋白运动营养粉。
上述各实施例中用到的黑豆蛋白，其蛋白质含量高，氨基酸组成合理，富含8种必需氨基酸，是优质的豆类蛋白；不含有胆固醇，可降低慢性病发生几率，其提取步骤如下：
原料：黑豆，NaOH，HCl，蒸馏水
提取步骤：
1、黑豆预处理：称取适量黑豆进行清洗，放入鼓风干燥箱中烘干至恒重；取出放置至室温，用高速粉碎机将干燥后的黑豆粉碎，过80目筛，收集筛下物，即为黑豆粉；
2、黑豆蛋白等电点的测定：称取黑豆粉3 g，加入2 mol/L的NaOH溶液调pH为10，50℃下用磁力搅拌器搅拌1 h，离心（3000 r/min、20 min）得上清液，随后用1 mol/L HCl调节pH值分别为3.2、3.4、3.6、3.8、4.0、4.2、4.4、4.6，吸取1 mL上清液在595 nm处测定吸光度值，上清液中残留蛋白最少时的pH值即为黑豆蛋白等电点；
3、黑豆蛋白的提取步骤：将黑豆粉按1:10（m/v）的比例溶于蒸馏水中，用2 mol/LNaOH 溶液调黑豆粉溶液至pH 9.0 ，在50℃下用磁力搅拌器搅拌1 h，然后离心（3500 r/min，离心30 min），取上清液备用；再按1:8 (m/v)比例，在沉淀中加蒸馏水进行二次提取；合并两次离心后的上清液，室温下用1.0 mol/L HCl将pH调节至等电点，在4℃下搅匀2 h，在4000 r/min 下，离心20 min，弃其上清液，所得沉淀经两次蒸馏水洗后，冷冻干燥后得到黑豆蛋白粉。
蛋白质消化率是指在消化道内被吸收的蛋白质占摄入蛋白质的百分比，是反应食物被消化酶分解的程度以及消化后的氨基酸和肽被吸收的程度的指标。一般采用动物或人体试验测定。蛋白质消化率越高，被机体吸收的数量越多，其营养价值越高。本申请以两种蛋白复配后的体外消化试验结果为依据，见附图1，确定黑豆蛋白和乳清蛋白的最佳复配比；由附图1可见，体外消化率随乳清蛋白含量的增加而增加，当黑豆蛋白:乳清蛋白为1:2时，其消化率与纯乳清蛋白的消化率之间没有显著差异，当黑豆蛋白:乳清蛋白为1:3.5时，消化率达到最高值，但黑豆蛋白:乳清蛋白为1:4时的消化率与黑豆蛋白:乳清蛋白为1:3.5时的消化率之间没有显著差异，若再增加乳清蛋白含量则会增加生产成本。故黑豆蛋白:乳清蛋白的最佳范围为：黑豆蛋白粉20～30份、乳清蛋白粉60～70份，即配比为1:2～3.5。
本申请中用黑豆蛋白代替大豆蛋白来制备运动营养粉，一方面，黑豆中花青素含量、总酚含量和总黄酮含量高于大豆，同时具有比大豆更高的铁离子还原抗氧化能力；另一方面，黑豆蛋白和乳清蛋白制备的营养粉其体外消化率高于大豆蛋白和乳清蛋白制备的营养粉，见附图2，由附图2可见，黑豆蛋白和大豆蛋白与乳清蛋白在同等配比的情况下，黑豆蛋白制得营养粉其体外消化率更高。
本申请中用的黑豆蛋白，是因其在杂豆中其性价较高：
1、不同杂豆蛋白含量的测定：
从表1可知：按照GB 5009.05-2016（食品安全国家标准-食品中蛋白质的测定）中凯氏定氮法测得黑豆属（黑青2号、乌青10号）的蛋白含量显著高于其他豆类（P<0.05）。
2、不同杂豆体外消化率的测定：
从表2可知：黑豆蛋白的体外消化率显著高于其他豆类蛋白。
3、不同杂豆必需氨基酸分析
注：AAS代表氨基酸评分，RC代表氨基酸比值系数，EAAI代表必需氨基酸指数。
表3说明：AAS主要考虑某一种必需氨基酸是否符合WHO/FAO标准，当AAS大于1时，说明该氨基酸含量符合WHO/FAO标准，反之，若AAS小于1，则表明低于标准。从表中可以看出，黑豆（黑青2号）中只有“甲硫氨酸(Met*)＋半胱氨酸(Cys*)”的AAS值小于1，而另外几种豆类至少都有2种必需氨基酸的AAS值小于1；
RC越接近1，说明蛋白质营养价值越优。从表中数据可以看出，和其他几种豆类相比，黑豆（黑青2号）的蛋白质营养价值最优；
EAAI反映了蛋白的必需氨基酸组成与全鸡蛋蛋白模式中必需氨基酸组成的接近程度，数值越高代表营养价值越高。从表中数据可以看出，黑豆（黑青2号）的EAAI值最高。
因此，从表3可知：与其他几种豆类相比，黑豆（黑青2号）的蛋白质营养价值最高。
Claims (8)
1.黑豆-乳清双蛋白运动营养粉，包括下列组份按重量份数制成：黑豆蛋白粉20～30份、乳清蛋白粉60～70份；所述的黑豆蛋白粉和乳清蛋白粉其纯度均在90%以上。
2.如权利要求1所述的黑豆-乳清双蛋白运动营养粉，其特征在于还包括中链甘油三酯1～3份。
3.如权利要求1所述的黑豆-乳清双蛋白运动营养粉，其特征在于还包括肌酸 0.5～1.5 份。
4.如权利要求1所述的黑豆-乳清双蛋白运动营养粉，其特征在于还包括复合维生素 1～5份。
5.如权利要求1所述的黑豆-乳清双蛋白运动营养粉，其特征在于还包括大豆卵磷脂0.5～1份。
6.如权利要求1所述的黑豆-乳清双蛋白运动营养粉，其特征在于还包括复合微量元素0.1～0.5份。
7.如权利要求1所述的黑豆-乳清双蛋白运动营养粉，其特征在于还包括黄原胶1～4份。
8.如权利要求1所述的黑豆-乳清双蛋白运动营养粉，其特征在于还包括柠檬酸1～3份、三氯蔗糖0.05～0.1份、柠檬黄0.005～0.1份。
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