CN113622915B - Method for rapid recovery of invaded hard rock mass of advanced pretreatment coal face - Google Patents
Method for rapid recovery of invaded hard rock mass of advanced pretreatment coal face Download PDFInfo
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- CN113622915B CN113622915B CN202111133596.9A CN202111133596A CN113622915B CN 113622915 B CN113622915 B CN 113622915B CN 202111133596 A CN202111133596 A CN 202111133596A CN 113622915 B CN113622915 B CN 113622915B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for quickly extracting hard rock mass invaded by a coal face in advance pretreatment, which comprises the following steps: s1, constructing a large-caliber hydraulic fracturing deep borehole in a coal face roadway; s2, performing hydraulic fracturing in the large-caliber hydraulic fracturing deep drill hole, artificially manufacturing hydraulic cracks, and dividing hard rock bodies invading into a working face extraction range and the top plate and the bottom plate of the coal face; s3, constructing a large-caliber pre-splitting blasting deep borehole in a coal face roadway; and S4, performing presplitting blasting in the large-caliber presplitting blasting deep drill hole, and crushing hard rock bodies intruding into the working face extraction range. The invention gets rid of the laggard process that the coal face can be recovered only after explosive blasting is carried out, reduces the influence of the invasion of hard rock mass into the coal face on the recovery of the face, and realizes the rapid recovery of the hard rock structure area of the face.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for quickly extracting hard rock mass invaded by a coal face in advance pretreatment, and belongs to the field of coal mining.
Background
In the process of coal mining, due to the influence of geological factors and the like, the situation that hard rock bodies invade a coal face often occurs in the stoping range of the coal face. Because the strength of the hard rock body is high and the integrity is good, the coal mining machine cannot cut normally, the high yield and the high efficiency of the coal mining working face are seriously influenced, and the high-quality development of a mine is restricted.
In the prior art, a method and a device (publication number is CN105387775A) for processing fully mechanized coal mining face fault, which discloses that pre-splitting blast holes and middle deep blast holes are arranged in a coal mining face to process a hard rock layer or a fault formed by hard rock, and the method has the following defects: 1. because the method for processing hard rock in the working face is adopted, the working face bracket and the instrument can be damaged in the blasting process, and the method cannot be applied to an intelligent coal face with more precise instruments; 2. because the method of processing hard rock inside the working face is adopted, the blasting process can affect the normal recovery of the working face, and the parallel operation of blasting and recovery can not be realized; 3. according to the method, the medium-depth holes of the fully mechanized coal mining face are distributed in a triangular mode, the distance between the medium-depth blast holes is generally 0.4-2.5 m, the row distance between the blast holes is generally 0.2-1.5 m, and according to the arrangement mode of the blast holes, when the influence range of hard rocks encountered by the coal mining face is large, the pre-cracked blast holes and the medium-depth blast holes required to be constructed on the working face are more, the construction time of the blast holes is long, and the labor intensity of workers is high; 4. according to the method, the pre-splitting blast holes are arranged at the top of the coal face, the blast holes are close to the top plate of the coal face, and after detonation, the top plate of the coal face is easily damaged, so that the top plate management during the stoping of the coal face is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for quickly stoping hard rock invaded by a coal face in advance, which gets rid of the laggard process that stoping can be carried out only after explosive blasting is carried out in the coal face, reduces the influence of the hard rock invaded by the coal face on stoping of the working face, and realizes quick stoping of a hard rock structure area of the working face.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts a method for quickly extracting hard rock mass invaded by a coal face in advance pretreatment, which comprises the following steps:
s1, constructing a large-caliber hydraulic fracturing gun drill in a coal face roadway;
s2, performing hydraulic fracturing in the large-caliber hydraulic fracturing deep drill hole, artificially manufacturing hydraulic cracks, and dividing hard rock bodies invading into a working face extraction range and the top plate and the bottom plate of the coal face;
s3, constructing a large-caliber pre-splitting blasting deep borehole in a coal face roadway;
and S4, performing presplitting blasting in the large-caliber presplitting blasting deep drill hole, and crushing hard rock bodies intruding into the working face extraction range.
In a modification, the large-caliber hydraulic fracturing deep boreholes in the step S1 are arranged in two rows respectively located at the upper part and the lower part of the stope area of the coal face, and the large-caliber pre-splitting blasting deep boreholes in the step S3 are arranged in one row located at the middle part of the stope area of the coal face.
In a modification, the large-caliber hydraulic fracturing deep drill hole in the step S1 and the large-caliber pre-splitting blasting deep drill hole in the step S3 are uniformly arranged along the advancing direction of the working face.
In an improvement, the large-caliber hydraulic fracturing deep borehole in the step S1 and the large-caliber pre-splitting blasting deep borehole in the step S3 are both vertical to a coal face roadway and are constructed according to a horizontal angle of 0 °.
As an improvement, the construction depth of the large-caliber hydraulic fracturing deep drill hole in the step S1 and the large-caliber pre-splitting blasting deep drill hole in the step S3 is determined until coal is found.
As an improvement, in the step S2, a straddle type hole packer is used to pack a partial section of the large-caliber hydraulic fracture deep borehole.
As an improvement, the straddle type hole packer comprises a high-pressure water pipe, a hole sealing hose, a front hole sealing bag and a rear hole sealing bag;
the high-pressure water pipe penetrates through the front hole sealing bag and the rear hole sealing bag, water outlet holes are drilled in the high-pressure water pipe in the front hole sealing bag and the rear hole sealing bag, a connecting hose is installed between the front hole sealing bag and the rear hole sealing bag, and the hole sealing hose is connected with the rear hole sealing bag.
In step S4, three small-diameter explosives are clamped by the detonating cord, and the explosives are bundled into the large-caliber pre-splitting blasting deep borehole by the adhesive tape.
In step S4, three small-diameter explosives are loaded into the millisecond electric detonators for coal mines, and the detonating energy is transferred to the deep part by using the detonating cord to detonate the explosives in the deep part of the large-diameter presplitting blasting deep borehole.
In step S4, the hole of the large-caliber pre-splitting blasting deep borehole is sealed with quick-hardening cement, and the minimum safe distance from the large-caliber pre-splitting blasting deep borehole to the coal face is not less than 5 m.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. by constructing the large-diameter hydraulic fracturing deep drill hole and the large-diameter presplitting blasting deep drill hole in the roadway of the coal face, the backward process that the coal face can be recovered only after explosive blasting is carried out is eliminated, the influence of the invasion of hard rock mass of the coal face on the recovery of the coal face is reduced, and the rapid recovery of a hard rock structure area of the coal face is realized.
2. The hydraulic fracture technology is utilized to artificially manufacture hydraulic fractures, the working face is invaded into the hard rock mass and is cut apart from the top plate and the bottom plate of the coal face outside the stoping range, presplitting blasting drill holes are arranged to break the invaded hard rock mass, the purpose of cutting apart the hard rock mass in the stoping area of the working face from the top plate and the bottom plate is achieved, the damage of the top plate and the bottom plate of the working face caused by deep hole presplitting blasting is reduced, the management of the top plate and the bottom plate of the working face during the stoping period is facilitated, meanwhile, the artificially manufactured hydraulic fractures also provide a second free surface for the deep hole presplitting blasting, and the presplitting blasting effect is improved.
3. The mode of firstly hydraulic fracturing and then presplitting blasting is adopted, the constructed hydraulic fracturing drill holes also provide a directional effect for presplitting blasting, so that shock waves after detonation are released to the hydraulic fracturing drill holes, and the damage of the shock waves to the top and bottom plates of the working face is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a large-diameter deep hole arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a large-diameter deep hole arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a straddle type hole packer according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a large-caliber pre-splitting blasting deep borehole according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a large-caliber pre-split blasting deep borehole according to an embodiment of the invention;
in the figure: 1. the method comprises the following steps of coal face, 2, coal face drift, 3, hard rock mass invasion, 4, face extraction range, 5, coal face bottom plate, 6, coal face top plate, 7, large-diameter hydraulic fracturing deep drill hole, 8, large-diameter presplitting blasting deep drill hole, 9, high-pressure water pipe, 10, hole sealing hose, 11, rear hole sealing bag, 12, front hole sealing bag, 13, connecting hose, 14, small-diameter explosive, 15, detonating cord, 16, adhesive tape, 17, millisecond electric detonator, 18 and rapid hardening cement.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below. It should be understood, however, that the detailed description herein of specific embodiments is intended to illustrate the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs, and the terminology used herein in the description of the present invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention.
Referring to the drawings of fig. 1 to 5, the method for rapid recovery of hard rock invaded by a coal face by advanced pretreatment is characterized in that before construction, according to the influence ranges of the hard rock 3 invaded by the coal face 1 and a coal face roadway 2, the arrangement positions and the drill hole intervals of a large-caliber hydraulic fracturing deep drill hole 7 and a large-caliber pre-splitting blasting deep drill hole 8 are determined by combining the mining height of the coal face and the strength of the hard rock;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) constructing large-caliber hydraulic fracturing deep drill holes 7 in a coal face drift 2, wherein two rows of the large-caliber hydraulic fracturing deep drill holes 7 are uniformly arranged along the advancing direction of a working face and are respectively positioned at the upper part and the lower part of a mining area of the coal face, the diameter of each large-caliber hydraulic fracturing deep drill hole 7 is 75mm, the distance between single rows of holes is 2m, the depth is up to coal finding, each large-caliber hydraulic fracturing deep drill hole 7 is vertical to the coal face drift 2, and construction is carried out according to the horizontal angle of 0 degree;
the distance between the large-caliber hydraulic fracturing deep drill holes 7 adopted by the invention is determined by combining the mining height of a working face:
when the mining height of a working face is 2-3 m, the distance between the large-caliber hydraulic fracturing deep drill holes 7 is controlled to be 1-1.5 m; when the mining height of a working face is 3-4 m, the distance between the large-caliber hydraulic fracturing deep drill holes 7 is controlled to be 1.5-2 m;
the reasonable determination of the distance parameters of the large-caliber hydraulic fracturing deep drill hole 7 can realize the separation of a working face stoping area from the top and the bottom of a coal face, reduce the damage of deep hole presplitting blasting to the top and the bottom of the working face, be beneficial to the management of the top and the bottom of the coal face during the stoping period, simultaneously provide a second free surface for the deep hole presplitting blasting, improve the presplitting blasting effect and lay a good foundation for the subsequent deep hole presplitting blasting;
2) performing hydraulic fracturing in the large-caliber hydraulic fracturing deep drill hole 7, artificially manufacturing hydraulic cracks, dividing hard rock bodies 3 invading in a working face recovery range 4, a coal face top plate 6 and a coal face bottom plate 5, and sealing a local section of the large-caliber hydraulic fracturing deep drill hole 7 by using a straddle type hole sealer;
the straddle type hole packer comprises a high-pressure water pipe 9, a hole sealing hose 10, a front hole sealing bag 12 and a rear hole sealing bag 11; the high-pressure water pipe 9 penetrates through the front hole sealing bag 12 and the rear hole sealing bag 11, water outlet holes are drilled in the high-pressure water pipe 9 in the front hole sealing bag 12 and the rear hole sealing bag 11, a connecting hose 13 is installed between the front hole sealing bag 12 and the rear hole sealing bag 11, and the hole sealing hose 10 is connected with the rear hole sealing bag 11;
3) constructing large-caliber pre-splitting blasting deep drill holes 8 in a coal face drift 2, wherein the large-caliber pre-splitting blasting deep drill holes 8 are uniformly arranged in a row along the advancing direction of a working face and are positioned in the middle of a mining area of the coal face, and preferably, each large-caliber pre-splitting blasting deep drill hole 8 is positioned in the center of four large-caliber hydraulic fracturing deep drill holes 7; the diameter of the large-caliber pre-splitting blasting deep drill holes 8 is 75mm, the distance between single rows of holes is 2m, the depth is until coal is seen, each large-caliber pre-splitting blasting deep drill hole 8 is vertical to a coal face roadway 2, and construction is carried out according to the horizontal angle of 0 degree;
the distance between the large-caliber presplitting blasting deep drill holes 8 adopted by the invention is determined by combining the mining height of the working face:
when the mining height of the working face is 2-3 m, the distance between the large-caliber pre-splitting blasting deep drill holes 8 is controlled to be 1-1.5 m; when the mining height of the working face is 3-4 m, the distance between the large-caliber pre-splitting blasting deep drill holes 8 is controlled to be 1.5-2 m;
the reasonable determination of the spacing parameters of the large-caliber pre-splitting blasting deep drill holes 8 can improve the pre-splitting effect of hard rocks in a mining area of a coal face and achieve the purpose of rapid mining of a hard rock structural area of the working face;
4) three small-diameter explosives 14 clamp an explosion fuse 15, the explosives are bundled by an adhesive tape 16 and sent into a large-diameter presplitting blasting deep drill hole 8 for presplitting blasting, wherein each small-diameter explosive 14 is respectively loaded into a millisecond electric detonator 17 for coal mines, the explosion energy is transmitted to the deep part by the explosion fuse 15, the explosives at the deep part of the large-diameter presplitting blasting deep drill hole 8 are detonated, an invasion hard rock body 3 in a working face recovery range 4 is crushed, the hole opening of the large-diameter presplitting blasting deep drill hole 8 is sealed by rapid hardening cement 18, and the minimum safety distance from the large-diameter presplitting blasting deep drill hole 8 to a coal face 1 is not less than 5 m.
Example 1
In this embodiment, mining of a certain mining face is used as an engineering background, and the coal seam condition of the mining face is as follows: the coal bed mainly comprises bright coal, a middle clamping mirror and a dark coal thin strip. The coal bed has simple structure, the lower part of the coal bed partially contains the gangue with the thickness of 0.1m to 0.2m, and the bottom of the coal bed is provided with a powder coal bed with the thickness of 0.2m to 0.3 m. The thickness of the coal seam is between 1.4m and 2.6m, the average thickness is 2.0m, and the coal seam belongs to a stable coal seam.
As shown in figure 1, the working surface is inclined to the average length of 186m, and develops a fault at the lower end of an incision, the working surface is a normal fault in nature, the trend is 248 degrees, the inclination angle is 68 degrees, the inclination angle is 32 degrees, and the fall is 3.8 m. The fault invasion hard rock body trend influences 22m, the trend influences 134m, and the quick recovery of the working face is greatly influenced.
As shown in fig. 2, the stoping height of a coal face 1 is 2m, large-caliber hydraulic fracturing deep boreholes 7 and large-caliber pre-fracturing blasting deep boreholes 8 are constructed in a coal face drift 2 and are arranged in a pentagonal hole manner, two rows of the large-caliber hydraulic fracturing deep boreholes 7 are uniformly arranged along the advancing direction of the face and are respectively positioned at the upper part and the lower part of a stoping area of the coal face, the distance between the top hydraulic fracturing boreholes and a top plate of the stoping area is 0.3m, the distance between the bottom hydraulic fracturing boreholes and a bottom plate of the stoping area is 0.3m, the top hydraulic fracturing boreholes and the bottom hydraulic fracturing boreholes are arranged in alignment, and the interval between every two rows of hydraulic fracturing boreholes is 2 m; the large-caliber pre-splitting blasting deep drill holes 8 are uniformly distributed in a row along the advancing direction of the working face and are positioned in the middle of a coal face extraction area, the distance between the single-row pre-splitting blasting deep drill holes 8 is 2m, and specific drilling parameters are shown in table 1.
It should be added that: the diameter of each drill hole is 75mm, the distance between every two rows of holes is 2m, the depth is until the coal is seen, the holes are perpendicular to a roadway of a coal face, and construction is carried out according to the horizontal angle of 0 degree;
TABLE 1 drilling layout parameter Table
And (3) effect analysis:
the method is adopted for the fault hard rock invaded body in the embodiment 1, the hard rock body in the working face recovery range is subjected to advanced pretreatment, and the quick recovery of the working face is realized;
before the method for quickly extracting the hard rock mass invaded by the advanced pretreatment coal face is adopted, the working face single-month push progress is only 60m, after the method for quickly extracting the hard rock mass invaded by the advanced pretreatment coal face is adopted, the working face single-month push progress is improved to 98m, the propelling efficiency is increased by 63.4%, and the propelling efficiency improving effect is obvious by adopting the method provided by the invention.
The construction is carried out according to the sequence of hydraulic fracturing and then presplitting blasting, hydraulic cracks are artificially manufactured by utilizing a hydraulic fracturing technology, the working face is invaded into a hard rock body and is divided from the top plate and the bottom plate of the coal mining working face outside the stoping range, presplitting blasting drill holes are arranged to crush the invaded hard rock body, the purpose of dividing the hard rock body in the stoping area of the working face from the top plate and the bottom plate is achieved, the damage of the top plate and the bottom plate of the working face caused by the presplitting blasting of the deep hole is reduced, the management of the top plate and the bottom plate of the working face during the stoping is facilitated, meanwhile, the artificially manufactured hydraulic cracks also provide a second free surface for the presplitting blasting of the deep hole, the presplitting blasting effect is improved, the constructed hydraulic fracturing drill holes also provide a directional effect for the presplitting blasting, the pressure relief of shock waves after the initiation to the hydraulic fracturing drill holes is realized, and the damage of the top plate and the bottom plate of the working face caused by the shock waves is reduced.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents or improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for rapid recovery of an advance pretreated coal face from an invaded hard rock mass is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, constructing large-caliber hydraulic fracturing deep drill holes (7) in the coal face roadway (2), wherein two rows of the large-caliber hydraulic fracturing deep drill holes (7) are arranged and are respectively positioned at the upper part and the lower part of a coal face extraction area;
s2, performing hydraulic fracturing in the large-caliber hydraulic fracturing deep drill hole (7), artificially manufacturing hydraulic cracks, and dividing the hard rock mass (3) invaded in the working face stoping range (4) and the top and bottom plates of the coal face;
s3, constructing large-caliber pre-splitting blasting deep drill holes (8) in a coal face roadway (2), wherein the large-caliber pre-splitting blasting deep drill holes (8) are arranged in a row and are positioned in the middle of a coal face extraction area;
and S4, performing presplitting blasting in the large-caliber presplitting blasting deep drill hole (8), and crushing the hard rock (3) invaded in the working face recovery range (4).
2. The method for rapidly extracting hard rock invaded by a coal face in advance pretreatment according to claim 1, wherein the large-caliber hydraulic fracturing deep drill hole (7) in the step S1 and the large-caliber pre-splitting blasting deep drill hole (8) in the step S3 are uniformly arranged along the advancing direction of the coal face.
3. The method for rapidly extracting hard rock invaded by a coal face in advance pretreatment according to claim 1, wherein the large-caliber hydraulic fracturing deep drill hole (7) in the step S1 and the large-caliber pre-splitting blasting deep drill hole (8) in the step S3 are both vertical to the coal face roadway (2) and are constructed according to the horizontal angle of 0 degrees.
4. The method for rapidly extracting the hard rock invaded by the advanced pretreatment coal face is characterized in that the construction depth of the large-caliber hydraulic fracturing deep drill hole (7) in the step S1 and the large-caliber pre-fracturing blasting deep drill hole (8) in the step S3 is determined until coal is seen.
5. The method for the advanced pretreatment of the rapid recovery of the coal face from the hard rock mass invasion according to the claim 1, characterized in that, in the step S2, a straddle type hole packer is used for hole sealing of a partial section of the large-diameter hydraulic fracturing deep drilling hole (7).
6. The method for the rapid recovery of the advanced pretreatment coal face invasion hard rock mass according to claim 5, characterized in that the straddle type hole packer comprises a high-pressure water pipe (9), a hole sealing hose (10), a front hole sealing bag (12) and a rear hole sealing bag (11);
the high-pressure water pipe (9) penetrates through the front hole sealing bag (12) and the rear hole sealing bag (11), water outlet holes are drilled in the high-pressure water pipe (9) in the front hole sealing bag (12) and the rear hole sealing bag (11), a connecting hose (13) is installed between the front hole sealing bag (12) and the rear hole sealing bag (11), and the hole sealing hose (10) is connected with the rear hole sealing bag (11).
7. A method for the advanced pretreatment of the rapid recovery of coal face invasion hard rock according to claim 1, characterized in that in step S4, three small diameter explosives (14) are clamped to the detonating cord (15) and are bundled by adhesive tape (16) into the large diameter pre-split deep blasting hole (8).
8. The method for rapidly extracting hard rock mass invaded by a coal face in advance pretreatment according to claim 7, characterized in that in the step S4, three small-diameter explosives (14) are respectively loaded into a millisecond electric detonator (17) for the coal face, and an detonating cord (15) is used for transmitting detonating energy to the deep part to detonate the explosives at the deep part of the large-caliber pre-splitting blasting deep drill hole (8).
9. The method for rapidly extracting hard rock mass invaded by a coal face in advance pretreatment is characterized in that in the step S4, the orifice of the large-caliber pre-splitting blasting deep hole (8) is sealed by using quick hardening cement (18), and the minimum safe distance from the large-caliber pre-splitting blasting deep hole (8) to the coal face (1) is not less than 5 m.
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| CN102635388A (en) * | 2012-02-24 | 2012-08-15 | 煤炭科学研究总院沈阳研究院 | Interaction permeability-increasing method of pre-splitting blasting and hydraulic cracking of coal seam |
| CN105387775A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-03-09 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Method and device for treating crossing fault of fully mechanized mining work face |
| CN110306967A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-10-08 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of coal seam hydraulic fracture couples anti-reflection method and device with hydraulic pressure demolition |
| CN112814679A (en) * | 2021-01-07 | 2021-05-18 | 淮南矿业(集团)有限责任公司 | Pre-splitting blasting method for layered inclined fully-mechanized direct-covered hard roof of slowly-inclined thick coal seam |
| CN113090263B (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2023-09-15 | 河南理工大学 | High-pressure water jet slotting directional blasting roof cutting construction method |
| CN113153292B (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2023-02-28 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for quickly crossing hard rock fault by hydraulic fracturing of underground coal face of coal mine |
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