CN113738361B - Method for preventing and treating rock burst of circular arc section of fully mechanized caving face of steeply inclined coal seam - Google Patents
Method for preventing and treating rock burst of circular arc section of fully mechanized caving face of steeply inclined coal seam Download PDFInfo
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- CN113738361B CN113738361B CN202110902240.0A CN202110902240A CN113738361B CN 113738361 B CN113738361 B CN 113738361B CN 202110902240 A CN202110902240 A CN 202110902240A CN 113738361 B CN113738361 B CN 113738361B
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- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preventing and treating rock burst of a circular arc section of a fully mechanized caving face of a steeply inclined coal seam, which specifically comprises the following steps: n top coal blasting drill holes located at the right arc section of the working face lower roadway and n top plate blasting drill holes located on the left side of the lower roadway are arranged on the inclined plane of the lower roadway; determining parameters of top coal blasting drill holes at the arc sections of the lower level tunnel and parameters of top plate blasting drill holes at the left side of the lower level tunnel, determining parameters of blasting drill holes of two sides of the tunnel in the direction of the trend, wherein the right side of the tunnel adopts top coal blasting drill holes and is arranged along the direction of the tunnel, and the left side of the tunnel adopts top plate blasting drill holes; the method for preventing and treating the rock burst of the circular arc section of the fully mechanized caving face of the steeply inclined coal seam has pertinence and practicability, effectively reduces stress concentration static load of a lower gallery coal body, protects a roadway, avoids rock burst disasters, and solves the problem that the clamping stress of the lower gallery coal rock body is too high when the circular arc section of the fully mechanized caving face of the steeply inclined coal seam is mined.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of rock burst prevention, in particular to a method for preventing and treating rock burst of a circular arc section of a fully mechanized caving face of a steep coal seam.
Background
The rock burst is a mine explosive dynamic disaster caused by instant violent release of a large amount of elastic deformation accumulated by coal and rock masses under the action of high stress, which often causes instant damage to roadways and electromechanical equipment, and casualties are caused in severe cases, thus greatly influencing the safe and efficient production of mines.
The steeply inclined coal seam occupies a great proportion in coal reserves in China, the working face layout is optimized during mining of part of steeply inclined mines, steeply inclined horizontal-arc subsection top coal mining is adopted, however, along with gradual increase of mining depth and the influence of the goaf of the upper section and the gravity of the working face coal seam, the periphery of the lower gallery of the steeply inclined coal seam large-inclination fully mechanized caving face is in a high-stress state for a long time, impact danger is easily caused, and therefore a more definite method is needed for pressure relief and roadway protection of the top coal gallery of the arc section of the steeply inclined coal seam large-inclination fully mechanized caving face. At present, the method for pressure relief and lane protection of a lower roadway of a circular arc section of a large-inclination fully-mechanized caving face of a steep coal seam is single, most of parameters of the method refer to a nearly horizontal working face, the method is not targeted, time-consuming, material-consuming, complex in process and high in manual strength, the effect of reducing stress concentration static load of the coal body of the lower roadway is not obvious enough, and safe and efficient mining of steep-inclination circular arc sublevel caving coal is severely restricted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for preventing and treating rock burst of an arc section of a fully mechanized caving face of a steeply inclined coal seam, which is simple and easy to operate, has pertinence and practicability, effectively reduces stress concentration static load of a coal body of a lower level, effectively protects a roadway, avoids rock burst disasters, and solves the problem that the clamping stress of the coal body of the lower level is too high when the arc section of the fully mechanized caving face of the steeply inclined coal seam with a large inclination angle is mined.
In order to achieve the purpose, the method for preventing and treating rock burst of the circular arc section of the fully mechanized caving face of the steeply inclined coal seam specifically comprises the following steps of:
s1, arranging blast hole groups on the inclined plane of the lower gallery;
the blasting hole group comprises a top coal blasting hole group and a top plate blasting hole group;
the top coal blasting hole group comprises n top coal blasting drill holes positioned at the arc section at the right side of the working face lower roadway and is used for blasting the top coal above the arc section and increasing the caving rate of the top coal of the arc section;
the top plate blasting drill hole group comprises n top plate blasting drill holes positioned on the left side of the lower gallery, and the n top plate blasting drill holes are used for blasting the top plate of the lower gallery and optimizing the stress condition around the top plate of the lower gallery;
s2, determining parameters of top coal blasting drilling at the arc section of the lower roadway;
the inclination angle from the first top coal blasting drill hole to the lower drift is set as
The inclined upward angles from the n top coal blasting drill holes to the lower drift are sequentially increased, and the angle difference between the adjacent top coal blasting drill holes is
The ith top coal blasting drill hole has the length of
Wherein L is the length of the horizontal section of the working surface, and alpha is the inclination angle of the coal bed;
s3, determining parameters of blasting drilling of the top plate on the left side of the lower roadway;
the included angle between the inclination angle from the first top plate blasting drill hole to the lower drift and the inclination angle from the first top coal blasting drill hole to the lower drift are 90 degrees, namely the first top plate blasting drill hole is
The upward inclination angles from the n top plate blasting drill holes to the lower roadway are sequentially increased, and the angle difference between the adjacent top plate blasting drill holes is
The ith roof blast borehole length is thus
Wherein, L is the length of the horizontal section of the working surface, and alpha is the coal bed inclination angle;
s4, determining parameters of blasting drill holes on two sides of the roadway in the direction of the trend;
the right side of the roadway adopts a plurality of groups of top coal blasting hole groups arranged along the direction of the roadway, the advanced working face of the right side of the roadway is not less than 150m, the distance between every two adjacent top coal blasting hole groups is 5-10m, the aperture of each top coal blasting hole is 40-46mm, and the hole opening position is positioned in the middle of the roadway side;
the left roadway side adopts a plurality of groups of top plate blasting drill hole groups arranged along the roadway direction, the distance between every two adjacent top plate blasting drill hole groups is 10-20m, the hole diameter of each top plate blasting drill hole is 60-90mm, and the hole opening position is located in the middle of the roadway side.
Further, in the step S4, explosive tubes in blasting drill holes of top coals in the same top coal blasting hole group are correspondingly connected in parallel through detonating cords to form first explosive groups, and adjacent first explosive groups are connected in series;
explosive tubes in the top plate blasting drill holes in the same top plate blasting drill hole group are correspondingly connected in parallel through detonating lines to form second explosive groups, and the adjacent second explosive groups are connected in series;
upon detonation, the first explosive group and the second explosive group are activated simultaneously.
Furthermore, the charging section of each top plate blasting drill hole is not less than 1/2 of the hole depth, and the length of the sealing hole section is not less than 1/3 of the hole depth;
the charge section of each top plate blasting drill hole is not less than 1/2 of the hole depth, and the length of the hole sealing section is not less than 1/3 of the hole depth.
Furthermore, each group of top coal blasting hole groups comprises 3 top coal blasting drill holes which are sequentially numbered A, B, C,
each group of top plate blast hole groups comprises 3 top plate blast drill holes which are numbered as a, b and c in sequence;
the lengths of the coal body top coal blasting drill holes A, B, C on the right side of the lower drift are respectively as follows:
the lengths of the blasting drill holes a, b and c of the top coal of the coal body on the right side of the lower gallery are respectively
Further, in step S4, the diameter of the top coal blasting drill hole is 42mm, and the distance from the hole opening to the coal seam floor is 1.5 m.
Further, in step S4, the diameter of the top plate blasting drill hole is 75mm, the distance from the two holes of the upper part to the coal seam floor is 1.5m, and the other drill hole is arranged in the center of the top plate of the lower level drift.
Compared with the prior art, according to the method for preventing and treating the rock burst of the circular arc section of the fully mechanized caving face of the steeply inclined coal seam, because the inclination angle relation among all top coal blasting drill holes is established, the functional relation among the hole depth of the top coal blasting drill holes, the inclination angle of the coal seam and the horizontal section length is determined, the inclination angle relation among all the top coal blasting drill holes is established, and the functional relation among the hole depth of the top coal blasting drill holes, the inclination angle of the coal seam and the horizontal section length is determined, the parameterization of blasting pressure relief of two top plate sides and top coal of a lower level roadway is realized, the pertinence and the practicability are higher, the effect of reducing the stress concentration static load of coal body of the lower level roadway is better, the dynamic load formed by sudden breaking and caving of the top plate is effectively avoided, and the roadway is better protected and the disaster of the rock burst is avoided;
because the two sides are respectively blasted by the top plate and the top coal, for the solid coal side of the lower gallery of the arc-shaped section of the fully mechanized caving face with the large inclination angle of the steeply inclined coal bed, the stress concentration degree of the solid coal side of the lower gallery is large due to the influence of the gravity of the coal layer of the working face, mining stress and the like, the coal caving is difficult, and the top coal is difficult to discharge, so that the top plate and the top coal are blasted on the solid coal side of the lower gallery, the problem that the top coal of the horizontal section of the lower gallery is difficult to fall due to the extrusion of the upper coal bed is eliminated, the caving rate and the mining rate are improved, and meanwhile, the top plate is loosened, and the huge disturbance caused by the sudden breakage and collapse of the top plate during the coal caving is avoided; the lower drift is close to the side of the coal pillar, blasting optimization is carried out on the blasting position only at the drift side by the traditional method, a large-inclination blasting hole is formed in the top plate of the roadway once, large-area top plate rock stratum suspension is avoided to the greater extent, and the dynamic disaster risk of rock burst is further reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of the bottom gate blasting drilling of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;
in the figure: 1. the method comprises the following steps of 2, an upper drift, 3, a working face, 4, blasting and drilling top coal, 5, blasting and drilling a top plate, 6, a lower drift, 7, a goaf and 8, and a coal seam bottom plate.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the overall coal seam mining comprises a lower drift roof 1, an upper drift 2, a working face 3, a lower drift 6, a goaf 7 and a coal seam floor 8.
The method for preventing and treating rock burst of the circular arc section of the fully mechanized caving face of the steeply inclined coal seam specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, arranging blast hole groups on the inclined surface of the lower gallery 6;
the inclined plane of the lower drift 6 is provided with blasting hole groups comprising a top coal blasting hole group and a top plate blasting drill hole group;
to facilitate the identification of the direction, fig. 2 is set as the description direction of the present invention, in which the lower gate 6 is located at the lower left of the upper gate 2;
the top coal blasting hole group comprises n top coal blasting drill holes 4 which are positioned at the arc section at the right side of the lower drift 6 of the working face 3 and are used for blasting the top coal above the arc section and increasing the caving rate of the top coal of the arc section;
the top plate blasting drill hole group comprises n top plate blasting drill holes 5 positioned on the left side of the lower drift 6 and used for blasting the top plate 1 of the lower drift and optimizing the stress condition around the top plate 1 of the lower drift.
S2, determining parameters of the top coal blasting drill hole 4 at the arc section of the lower gallery 6; because the horizontal coal section is a triangular area, under the action of the gravity of the upper rock layer and the upper coal body, the stability of the coal bed in the triangular area is reinforced, when the projection length of the top coal blasting drill hole 4 in the vertical direction is consistent with the length of the horizontal section of the working surface 3, the effect is better, and the support of the inclined section is effectively prevented from being damaged;
as shown in fig. 2, the inclination angle of the first top coal blasting borehole 4 to the lower gate 6 is set to be
The inclined upward angles from the n top coal blasting drill holes 4 to the lower drift 6 are increased in sequence, and the angle difference value between the adjacent top coal blasting drill holes 4 is
(n is the number of the blasting drill holes, and n is more than 1), and the blasting drill holes are arranged according to the difference value so that the blasting range of each blasting drill hole is more uniform;
the ith top coal blasting borehole 4 is thus of length
Wherein, L is the length of the horizontal segment of the working surface 3, and alpha is the coal seam dip angle;
s3, determining parameters of the blasting drill holes 5 of the top plate on the left side of the lower drift 6, wherein the contact area between the top plate on the left side of the lower drift 6 and the rock stratum is large, the pressure relief range is wide, and the angle difference between the blasting drill holes needs to be increased;
as shown in fig. 2, the angle between the first blasting roof hole 5 and the lower drift 6 is 90 ° to the angle between the first blasting roof hole 4 and the lower drift 6, that is, the first blasting roof hole 5 is
Blasting drill hole for n top plates5 to the lower gallery 6, and the difference in angle between adjacent roof blast boreholes 5 is
(n is the number of blasting drill holes, and n is more than 1);
the ith roof blast borehole 5 is thus of length
Wherein, L is the length of the horizontal segment of the working surface 3, and alpha is the coal seam dip angle;
further, the charge section of each roof blasting borehole 5 is not less than 1/2 of the hole depth, and the length of the hole sealing section is not less than 1/3 of the hole depth;
the charge section of each roof blast borehole 5 is no less than 1/2 of the hole depth, and the length of the hole seal section is no less than 1/3 of the hole depth.
S4, determining parameters of blasting drill holes on two sides of the roadway in the direction of the trend;
the top coal blasting hole groups and the top plate blasting hole groups are arranged along the length direction of the roadway, and the first and last top coal blasting hole groups and the first and last top plate blasting hole groups can be preferably positioned on the same inclined plane;
the right side of the roadway adopts a plurality of groups of top coal blasting hole groups arranged along the direction of the roadway, the front working face 3 of the roadway is not less than 150m, the distance between every two adjacent top coal blasting hole groups is 5-10m, the aperture of each top coal blasting drill hole (4) is 40-46mm, and the hole opening position is positioned in the middle of the roadway side;
the left roadway side adopts a plurality of groups of top plate blasting drill hole groups arranged along the roadway direction, the distance between every two adjacent top plate blasting drill hole groups is 10-20m, the aperture of each top plate blasting drill hole (5) is 60-90mm, and the hole opening position is located in the middle of the roadway side.
Explosive tubes in the top coal blasting drill holes 4 in the same top coal blasting hole group are correspondingly connected in parallel through detonating lines to form each first explosive group, and adjacent first explosive groups are connected in series; explosive tubes in the top plate blasting drill holes in the same top plate blasting drill hole group are correspondingly connected in parallel through detonating lines to form second explosive groups, and the adjacent second explosive groups are connected in series;
upon detonation, the first explosive group and the second explosive group are activated simultaneously.
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
A plurality of groups of blasting hole groups which are arranged in front and back are arranged on the lower drift 6, each group of blasting hole groups comprises 6 blasting drill holes, specifically 3 top coal blasting drill holes 4 which are sequentially numbered A, B, C, and the corresponding top coal blasting drill holes 4 are also three and are sequentially numbered a, b and c;
the inclination angle from the top coal blasting borehole a to the lower drift 6 is set to
The difference of the angles between the adjacent top coal blasting drill holes 4 is
The angle of inclination of the top coal blast borehole B, C to the lower drift 6 is thus
The lengths of the coal body top coal blasting drill holes A, B, C on the right side of the lower drift 6 are respectively as follows:
when parameters of a top plate blasting drill hole 5 on the left side of a lower roadway 6 are determined, three corresponding top coal blasting drill holes 4 are numbered as a, b and c in sequence;
the angle of inclination from the top plate blast hole a to the lower drift 6 and the angle of inclination from the top coal blast hole a to the lower drift 6 are 90 °, so that the angle of inclination from the top coal blast hole a to the lower drift 6 is set to
The difference in angle between adjacent roof blast holes 5 is
The angle of inclination of the roof blast borehole b, c to the lower drift 6 is thus
The lengths of the blasting drill holes a, b and c of the top coal on the right side of the lower drift 6 are respectively
Determining blasting drilling parameters of two sides of the roadway in the direction of the trend, namely, the right side of the roadway adopts a plurality of groups of top coal blasting holes distributed along the direction of the roadway, the aperture of each top coal blasting hole 4 is 42mm, and the distance from the hole opening to the coal seam floor 8 is 1.5 m;
the left side of the roadway adopts a plurality of groups of top plate blasting drill holes arranged along the direction of the roadway, the aperture of the top plate blasting drill hole 5 is 75mm, the distance between two orifices of the side part and the coal seam bottom plate 8 is 1.5m, and the other drill hole is arranged in the center of the top plate 1 of the lower level roadway;
explosive tubes in the top coal blasting drill holes A, B, C in the same top coal blasting hole group are correspondingly connected in parallel through detonating lines to form a first explosive group, and a plurality of groups of blasting hole groups are corresponding to and are connected with adjacent first explosive groups in series;
explosive tubes in top plate blasting drill holes a, b and c in the same top plate blasting drill hole group are correspondingly connected in parallel through detonating lines to form a second explosive group, and a plurality of groups of blasting hole groups are corresponding to and are connected with adjacent second explosive groups in series;
when in detonation, the first explosive group and the second explosive group in the same group of the blast hole groups are started simultaneously, namely 6 holes are detonated at one time;
according to the method for preventing and treating the rock burst of the circular arc section of the fully mechanized caving face of the steeply inclined coal seam, the inclination angle relation among all top coal blasting drill holes 4 is established, the functional relation between the hole depth of the top coal blasting drill holes 4 and the inclination angle and the horizontal section length of the coal seam is determined, the inclination angle relation among all top coal blasting drill holes 5 is established, and the functional relation between the hole depth of the top coal blasting drill holes 5 and the inclination angle and the horizontal section length of the coal seam is determined, so that parametrization of blasting pressure relief of two sides of top plates and top coal of a lower gallery 6 is realized, pertinence and practicability are higher, the effect of reducing the stress concentration static load of the coal body of the lower gallery 6 is better, the dynamic load formed by sudden breaking and collapse of the top plates is effectively avoided, and the roadway is better protected and the disaster of rock burst is avoided;
as the two sides are respectively blasted by the top plate and the top coal, for the solid coal side of the lower gallery 6 at the 3 arc section of the high-inclination fully mechanized caving working face of the steeply inclined coal seam, the stress concentration degree of the solid coal side of the lower gallery 6 is large due to the influences of the gravity, the mining stress and the like of the coal seam of the working face 3, the coal caving is difficult, and the top coal is difficult to discharge, so that the top plate and the top coal are blasted at the solid coal side of the lower gallery 6, the problem that the top coal at the horizontal section of the lower gallery 6 is difficult to fall due to the extrusion of the upper coal seam is solved, the caving rate and the mining rate are improved, and meanwhile, the top plate is loosened, and the huge disturbance caused by the sudden breakage and collapse of the top plate during the coal caving is avoided; the lower drift 6 is close to the coal pillar side, blasting optimization is carried out on the blasting position only at the drift side by the traditional method, a large-inclination blasting hole is formed in the top plate of the roadway once, large-area top plate rock stratum suspension is avoided to the greatest extent, and the dynamic disaster risk of rock burst is further reduced.
Claims (6)
1. A method for preventing and treating rock burst of a circular arc section of a fully mechanized caving face of a steep coal seam is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, arranging blast hole groups on the inclined surface of the lower gallery (6);
the blasting hole group comprises a top coal blasting hole group and a top plate blasting hole group;
the top coal blasting hole group comprises n top coal blasting drill holes (4) which are positioned at the arc section at the right side of the lower drift (6) of the working face (3) and are used for blasting the top coal above the arc section and increasing the caving rate of the top coal of the arc section;
the top plate blasting drill hole group comprises n top plate blasting drill holes (5) positioned on the left side of the lower drift (6) and used for blasting the top plate (1) of the lower drift and optimizing the stress condition around the top plate (1) of the lower drift;
s2, determining parameters of the top coal blasting drill hole (4) at the arc section of the lower drift (6);
the inclined angle from the first top coal blasting drill hole (4) to the lower drift (6) is set to be
The inclined upward angles from the n top coal blasting drill holes (4) to the lower drift (6) are sequentially increased, and the angle difference between the adjacent top coal blasting drill holes (4) is
The length of the ith top coal blasting drill hole (4) is
Wherein L is the length of the horizontal section of the working surface (3), and alpha is the coal bed inclination angle;
s3, determining parameters of the top plate blasting drill hole (5) on the left side of the lower drift (6);
the included angle between the inclined angle from the first top plate blasting drill hole (5) to the lower drift (6) and the inclined angle from the first top coal blasting drill hole (4) to the lower drift (6) is 90 degrees, namely the first top plate blasting drill hole (5) is
The upward inclination angles from the n top plate blasting drill holes (5) to the lower drift (6) are sequentially increased, and the angle difference between the adjacent top plate blasting drill holes (5) is
The ith top plate blast hole (5) thus has a length of
Wherein L is the length of the horizontal section of the working surface (3), and alpha is the coal seam inclination angle;
s4, determining parameters of blasting drill holes on two sides of the roadway in the direction of the trend;
the right side of the roadway adopts a plurality of groups of top coal blasting hole groups arranged along the direction of the roadway, the advanced working face (3) of the roadway is not less than 150m, the distance between every two adjacent top coal blasting hole groups is 5-10m, the aperture of each top coal blasting drill hole (4) is 40-46mm, and the hole opening position is positioned in the middle of the roadway side;
the left roadway side adopts a plurality of groups of top plate blasting drill hole groups arranged along the roadway direction, the distance between every two adjacent top plate blasting drill hole groups is 10-20m, the aperture of each top plate blasting drill hole (5) is 60-90mm, and the hole opening position is located in the middle of the roadway side.
2. The method for preventing and treating the rock burst of the circular arc section of the fully mechanized caving face of the steeply inclined coal seam according to claim 1, wherein explosive tubes in all the top coal blasting drill holes (4) in the same top coal blasting hole group in the step S4 are correspondingly connected in parallel through detonating cords to form all the first explosive groups, and the adjacent first explosive groups are connected in series;
explosive tubes in the top plate blasting drill holes in the same top plate blasting drill hole group are correspondingly connected in parallel through detonating lines to form second explosive groups, and the adjacent second explosive groups are connected in series;
upon detonation, the first explosive group and the second explosive group are activated simultaneously.
3. The method for preventing and treating the rock burst of the circular arc section of the fully mechanized caving face of the steeply inclined coal seam according to claim 2, wherein the charge section of each top plate blast borehole (5) is not less than 1/2 of the hole depth, and the length of the hole sealing section is not less than 1/3 of the hole depth;
the charge section of each roof blast borehole (5) is no less than 1/2 of the hole depth, and the length of the hole sealing section is no less than 1/3 of the hole depth.
4. The method for preventing and treating the rock burst of the circular arc segment of the fully mechanized caving face of the steeply inclined coal seam according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein each group of top coal blasthole groups comprises 3 top coal blasthole holes (4) which are sequentially numbered A, B, C,
each group of top plate blast hole groups comprises 3 top plate blast drill holes (5) which are numbered as a, b and c in sequence;
the lengths of the coal body top coal blasting drill holes A, B, C on the right side of the lower drift (6) are respectively as follows:
the lengths of the blasting drill holes a, b and c of the coal body top coal on the right side of the lower drift (6) are respectively
5. The method for preventing and treating rock burst of the circular arc section of the fully mechanized caving face of the steeply inclined coal seam according to claim 4, wherein the top coal blasting drill hole (4) in step S4 has a hole diameter of 42mm and a distance from the hole diameter to the coal seam floor (8) of 1.5 m.
6. The method for preventing and treating the rock burst of the circular arc section of the fully mechanized caving face of the steeply inclined coal seam according to claim 5, wherein the diameter of the top plate blasting drill hole (5) in step S4 is 75mm, the distance between the two hole openings of the upper part and the coal seam floor (8) is 1.5m, and the other drill hole is arranged in the center of the top plate (1) of the lower gate.
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| CN104790954A (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2015-07-22 | 黑龙江科技大学 | Roadside packing gob-side entry retaining top-cutting explosion pressure relief method |
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| CN105804750A (en) * | 2016-03-14 | 2016-07-27 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | Prevention method for pressure bump of approximately-vertical super-thick coal seams |
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