CN1136216A - 推挽式反相器 - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/5383—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a self-oscillating arrangement
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- H05B41/2822—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices by means of a single-switch converter or a parallel push-pull converter in the final stage using specially adapted components in the load circuit, e.g. feed-back transformers, piezoelectric transformers; using specially adapted load circuit configurations
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- Y10S315/00—Electric lamp and discharge devices: systems
- Y10S315/05—Starting and operating circuit for fluorescent lamp
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10S315/00—Electric lamp and discharge devices: systems
- Y10S315/07—Starting and control circuits for gas discharge lamp using transistors
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Abstract
一种推挽式反相器，能使薄形化、小形化的升压变压器的绝缘耐电压尽可能地低，同时能有效地防止泄漏电流和噪声，该反相器设置备有第1次级线圈和第2次级线圈的升压变压器，第1、第2次级线圈在这些线圈之间连接电容器等的阻抗元件并形成串联电路体，并且使第1次级线圈的输出部与直流电源的负电位变成同电位那样地连接，在第1、第2次级线圈的输出部连接荧光灯等的负载。
Description
本发明涉及作为使例如冷阴极管、作为部分加热使用的热阴极管等的放电管点灯的驱动器而利用的推挽式反相器。
图6是表示构成荧光灯11的驱动器的推挽式反相器的已有技术例子的电路图。
该反相器备有由升压变压器12、起开关动作的晶体三极管13、14等构成的推挽电路。
即，当从端子15输送低电平的起动信号时，使作为电源开关用的晶体三极管16接通，从与端子17、18连接的DC电源供给电流电功率。
由此，基极电流各自通过起动阻抗19流入晶体三极管13，同时也通过动动电阻20流入晶体管14。
这些晶体三极管13、14同时向导通方向转移，但晶体管特性或电路结构中任何一个的晶体三极管进入大的导通状态，该晶体三极管就先接通。
例如，晶体三极管14先接通时，从DC电源送来的电流通过扼流圈线圈21从变压器12的初级线圈(输入线圈)12P的中间分接抽头流入，在初级线圈12P中直流电流流动，产生如图示箭头方向的电压Ep1，Ep2。
并且，由于在第三线圈(反馈线圈)12F产生如图示箭头方向的电压Ef，所以反馈供给晶体三极管14的基极，集电极电流迅速增加。
这时，次级线圈(输出线圈)12S产生的如图示箭头方向的感应电压，该感应电压作为变压器的输出电压Es供给荧光灯11，荧光灯11开始点灯。
还有，在荧光灯11上加以管电压Vo，镇流电容器22产生充电电压Vc。
晶体三极管14的电流增加由于受到到达因基极电流和放大率所决定的饱和点时刻的抑制，随着电流增加变少，升压变压器12的初线线圈12P产生和图示箭头相反方向的电压，晶体三极管12从接通转换成断开，晶体三极管13从断开转换成接通。
其结果是，因在第三线圈12F处产生的与图示箭头相反方向的电压反馈给晶体三极管13，在次级线圈12S上产生和图示箭头相反方向的感应电压，继续使荧光灯11点灯。
以后，晶体三极管13、14同样地相互反复接通，在次级线圈12S处产生高的交流电压。
还有，与初级线圈12P并联连接的电容器23是共振用的电容器，是用于产生正弦波电压的电容器。
图7是表示在下述的各种条件下使上述反相器动作时的晶体三极管输出电压Es、荧光灯的管电压Vo和镇流电容器Vc的关系的矢量图。
晶体三极管输出电压 Es＝1800V(有效值)
(峰值电压 Ep-P＝5091V)
管电压 Vo＝600V(有效值)
管电流 Io＝20mmA(有效值)
管功率 Wo＝12W
镇流电容器电压 Vc＝1697V(有效值)，(39.9pF)
输出电压频率 f＝47kHz
管电流相位角 θ＝70.53度
从该矢量图就可知道，Es＝Vo+Vc(但是，该式是矢量加法式)。
另外，上述反相器的升压变压器12是将初级线圈12P、次级线圈12S和第三线圈12F重叠地卷绕在绕线管的线圈筒状部后，将一部分插入到该线圈筒状部内那样地装配铁淦氧铁心，同时形成将线圈端部停止在嵌设于绕线管上的端子销上那样结构的小型变压器。
可是，这时反相器由于作为在字处理机或个人处理机等上装备的指示器的后退信号灯电源等使用的关系，所以反相器的升高变压器12是要求极力限制其高度的薄型变压器。
今天随着开发研究的进展，提也了研制相当薄的升压变压器12的方案，但这种变压器12由于必需使直流电压(例如3～24伏)升压成高电压(例如600～3000伏)后输出，所以耐电压处理困难，其薄型化和小型化已接近实际的限度。
若具体地说，上述这种升压变压器12由于次级线圈12S(输出线圈)的低电压侧是零伏，而高电压侧是数千伏，所以对于次级线圈12S的高电压部来说，初线线圈12P、第三线圈12F、铁淦氧铁心、端子销、接地之间的绝缘处理结构越薄型化越困难。
并且，这种升压用变压器12除了因变压器的分布电容引起泄漏电流外，从荧光灯、高压电部分的各元件、引线等放射的噪声问题越薄型化就越容易发生。
本发明的目的在于鉴于上述实际情况，开发一种推挽式反相器，以便能使变压器形态薄型化、小型化的小型升压变压器的绝缘耐电压尽可能的低，同时能防止泄漏电流和噪声。
为了达到上述目的，本发明的推挽式反相器备有升压变压器，使从直流电源的输入电压升压并变换成交流电压，设置备有第1输出线圈和第2输出线圈的升压变压器，第1、第2输出线圈将阻抗元件连接到这些线圈之间并形成串联电路体，且对于这些第1、第2输出线圈中的一个线圈使其输出部与直流电源的负电位连接，形成同电位，同时第1、第2输出线圈的输出部与负载连接。
上述反相器将在升压变压器的第1、第2的输出线圈上发生的感应电压相加，该相加的电压变成总的输出电压。
其结果是，对于第1输出线圈的感应电压和第2输出线圈的感应电压就容易分别进行耐电压处理，与已有技术的反相器比较，能制成充分低的输出电压的耐电压处理结构。
并且，升压变压器的分布电容和高电压部产生的噪声由于是根据第1、第2输出线圈所发生的感应电压而产生的，所以泄漏电流和噪声电流极少。
因此，对升压变压器薄型化、小型化极有利。
图1是表示第1实施例的反相器电路图。
图2是表示第1实施例的反相器的变压器输出电压、管电压、耦合用电容器电压的矢量图。
图3是表示第2实施例的反相器电路图。
图4是表示第3实施例的反相器电路的部分图。
图5是表示第3实施例的反相器的变压器输出电压、管电压、线圈元件电压的矢量图。
图6是作为已有技术例而表示的反相器电路图。
图7是表示已有技术例的变压器输出电压、管电压、镇流电容器电压的矢量图。
下面，根据附图说明本发明的实施例。
图1是表示作为荧光灯的驱动器而实施的第1实施例的电路图。该实施例在升压变压器30有特点，其他的结构是与图6所示已有技术例的反相器电路相同的结构，共同的电路零件给与相同的符号。
如图示那样，升压变压器30备有初级线圈30P、第1次级线圈30S1、第2次级线圈30S2和第三线圈30F。
并且，该升压变压器30中，通过耦合用的电容器31连接作为输出的第1输出线圈30S1和第2输出线圈30S2，用这些输出线圈30S1、30S2和电容器31形成串联电路体。
上述升压变压器30在输出线圈30S1的输出部b和输出线圈30S2的输出部a处连接荧光灯11的同时，输出线圈30S1的输出部b与直流电源的负电位连接，形成同电位(地线)。
这样地构成的反相器通过推挽式反相器的振荡动作，使升压变压器30的第1次级线圈30S1和第2次级线圈30S2各自产生感应电压Es1和Es2，将这些感应电压Es1和Es2相加，形成总的输出电压Es。
图2是表示在下述这样地具体设定的各条件下使本实施例的反相器动作时的各电压的矢量图。
变压器总的输出电压Es＝1,800V(有效值)
(峰值电压Ep-p＝5,091V)
第1次级线圈30S1的输出电压Es1＝900V(有效值)
第2次级线圈30S2的输出电压Es2＝900V(有效值)
管电压 Vo＝600V(有效值)
管电流 Io＝20mmA(有效值)
管电功率 Wo＝12W
耦合用的电容器电压Vca＝1,697V(有效值)、(39.9pF)
输出电压频率 f＝47kHz
管电流相位角 θ＝70.53度
从该矢量图可知，第1次级线圈30S1的输出电压Es1和第2次级线圈30S2的输出电压Es2由于将电动势电压、荧光灯11和耦合用的电容器31作为负载，所以从Es1+Es2＝Vo+Vca中得到(Es/2)+(Es/2)＝Vo+Vca(但，这些各式是矢量的加法式)。
这样，耦合用的电容器31能起到把输出电压分成二部分的作用和镇流电容器的作用。
因而，变方Es1＝Es2＝900伏(Vp-p＝2,545.5V)，和已有技术例相比，能使变压器的绝缘耐电压减小一半。
其结果是，由于耐电压处理的构成简单，对变压器形态的薄形化、小形化有利，并且即使谋求薄形化、小形化也能防止因分布电容而引起的泄漏电流和从高电压部来的噪声放射。
又，由于只要不追求变压器形态的薄形化、小形化，就能较高地设定各个输出线圈电压，所以能充分提高总的输出电压Es，能作为管电压高的荧光灯的驱动器而使用。
图3是表示第2实施例的反相器电路图。该实施例在次级线圈30S1和30S2的d～e端之间连接荧光灯11，在这些次级线圈30S1和30S2的d～b端之间连接耦合用的电容器31。
设置起动用的晶体三极管32，当该晶体三极管32接通时，在晶体三极管13、14的基极输入起动电流。
其它的结构与图1所示的第1实施例相同。
该第2实施例由于进行和第1实施例相同的动作，所以省略该动作的说明。
图4是表示第3实施例的反相器部分电路图，该实施例的特征在于用线圈元件33连接升压变压器30的第1次级线圈30S1和第2次级线圈30S2，其它的结构与图1所示的反相器电路相同。
在本实施例中，由于管电流Io对输出电压Es1、Es2是滞后电流，所以输出电压Es1、Es2、管电压Vo和线圈元件电压VL变成如图5所示的矢量图，矢量加法式变为Es1+Es2＝Vo+VL。
其结果，由于(Es/2)+(Es/2)＝Vo+VL(矢量加法式)成立，就能得到和上述各实施例相同的效果。
以上仅说明了具体的实施例，也能用电阻元件连接升压变压器30的第1次级线圈30S1和第2次级线圈30S2而实施。但是，这时反相器的效率多少有些下降。
并且，在实施本发明时，升压变压器30的输出电压未必一定要形成Es1＝Es2，也可以Es1＞Es2或者与此相反地构成变压器。
本发明如上述实施例那样作为照明用放电管的反相器使用时，从端子15供给改变占空因数的脉冲就能进行调光动作。
另外，本发明的反相器不限于荧光灯那样的阻抗性负载，即使对于感应性负载或电容性负载也能同样地实施。
Claims (5)
1.一种推挽式反相器，备有升压变压器，使从直流电源的输入电压升压并变换成交流电压，其特征是，设置备有第1输出线圈和第2输出线圈的升压变压器，第1、第2输出线圈将阻抗元件连接到这些线圈之间并形成串联电路体，且对于这些第1、第2输出线圈中的一个线圈使其输出部与直流电源的负电位连接，形成同电位，同时第1、第2输出线圈的输出部与负载连接。
2.如权利要求1所述的推挽式反相器，其特征是，在第1、第2输出线圈之间，将电容器、线圈和电阻中的一个作为阻抗元件而连接。
3.如权利要求1所述的推挽式反相器，其特征是，在第1、第2线圈的输出部连接作为负载的荧光灯。
4.如权利要求1所述的推挽式反相器，其特征是，备有升压变压器、使从中间分抽接头流入一侧输入线圈的输入电流断续的第1晶体三极管、使从中间分抽接头流入另一侧输入线圈的输入电流断续的第2晶体三极管、连接在第1、第2输出线圈之间的电容器和连接在第1、第2输出线圈的输出部的荧光灯，升压变压器备有带中间分接抽头的输入线圈、第1、第2输出线圈。
5.如权利要求4所述的推挽式反相器，其特征是，用改变占空因数的脉冲使第1、第2晶体三极管动作，从而改变荧光灯点灯光的亮度。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP07041495A JP3543236B2 (ja) | 1995-03-06 | 1995-03-06 | プッシュプルインバ−タ |
| JP70414/1995 | 1995-03-06 | ||
| JP70414/95 | 1995-03-06 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1136216A true CN1136216A (zh) | 1996-11-20 |
| CN1071953C CN1071953C (zh) | 2001-09-26 |
Family
ID=13430796
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN96101293A Expired - Fee Related CN1071953C (zh) | 1995-03-06 | 1996-03-06 | 推挽式反相器 |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5822201A (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP3543236B2 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1071953C (zh) |
| GB (1) | GB2299469B (zh) |
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| CN108886324A (zh) * | 2016-04-21 | 2018-11-23 | 三菱电机株式会社 | 绝缘型升压转换器 |
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| GB2325099A (en) | 1997-05-07 | 1998-11-11 | David John Aarons | Gas discharge lamp drive circuit; dimming |
| JPH11127576A (ja) * | 1997-10-20 | 1999-05-11 | Sansha Electric Mfg Co Ltd | 直流電源装置 |
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| JP2002175891A (ja) * | 2000-12-08 | 2002-06-21 | Advanced Display Inc | 多灯式バックライト用インバータ |
| US7271546B2 (en) * | 2001-07-16 | 2007-09-18 | Harison Toshiba Lighting Corporation | Lighting device for dielectric barrier discharge lamp |
| KR100925468B1 (ko) | 2003-02-28 | 2009-11-06 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 액정 표시 장치 |
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| JP4658061B2 (ja) | 2003-10-06 | 2011-03-23 | マイクロセミ・コーポレーション | 複数のｃｃｆランプを動作させるための電流分配方法および装置 |
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| TW200517014A (en) * | 2003-11-10 | 2005-05-16 | Kazuo Kohno | Drive circuit for lighting fixture |
| US7265499B2 (en) | 2003-12-16 | 2007-09-04 | Microsemi Corporation | Current-mode direct-drive inverter |
| US7468722B2 (en) | 2004-02-09 | 2008-12-23 | Microsemi Corporation | Method and apparatus to control display brightness with ambient light correction |
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| US7173382B2 (en) | 2005-03-31 | 2007-02-06 | Microsemi Corporation | Nested balancing topology for balancing current among multiple lamps |
| US20080211615A1 (en) * | 2005-09-29 | 2008-09-04 | Greatchip Technology Co., Ltd. | Inverter transformer |
| US7569998B2 (en) | 2006-07-06 | 2009-08-04 | Microsemi Corporation | Striking and open lamp regulation for CCFL controller |
| US7746674B2 (en) * | 2007-02-22 | 2010-06-29 | Leader Electronics Inc. | Self-oscillating power converter |
| TW200948201A (en) | 2008-02-05 | 2009-11-16 | Microsemi Corp | Arrangement suitable for driving floating CCFL based backlight |
| US8093839B2 (en) | 2008-11-20 | 2012-01-10 | Microsemi Corporation | Method and apparatus for driving CCFL at low burst duty cycle rates |
| JP4555388B1 (ja) * | 2009-07-24 | 2010-09-29 | 株式会社白寿生科学研究所 | 電位治療装置 |
| KR101083389B1 (ko) | 2010-06-15 | 2011-11-14 | 건국대학교 산학협력단 | 공진형 컨버터를 이용한 연료전지용 전력변환장치 및 그 제어방법 |
| WO2012012195A2 (en) | 2010-07-19 | 2012-01-26 | Microsemi Corporation | Led string driver arrangement with non-dissipative current balancer |
| CN103477712B (zh) | 2011-05-03 | 2015-04-08 | 美高森美公司 | 高效led驱动方法 |
| US8754581B2 (en) | 2011-05-03 | 2014-06-17 | Microsemi Corporation | High efficiency LED driving method for odd number of LED strings |
| CN105141134B (zh) * | 2014-05-26 | 2019-06-14 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | 一种开关电源和控制该开关电源的方法 |
| CN111740608B (zh) * | 2020-07-03 | 2021-09-28 | 海信（山东）冰箱有限公司 | 双级升压高频电源拓扑、臭氧发生装置及洗衣机集成电路 |
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| US4101806A (en) * | 1976-08-26 | 1978-07-18 | General Electric Company | Ballast emi and shock hazard reduction |
| US4464606A (en) * | 1981-03-25 | 1984-08-07 | Armstrong World Industries, Inc. | Pulse width modulated dimming arrangement for fluorescent lamps |
| US4513226A (en) * | 1983-03-04 | 1985-04-23 | Astec Components, Ltd. | Electronic ballast-inverter circuit |
| GB2151090A (en) * | 1983-12-08 | 1985-07-10 | Min Yung Shyu | Electronic ballast |
| US4873471A (en) * | 1986-03-28 | 1989-10-10 | Thomas Industries Inc. | High frequency ballast for gaseous discharge lamps |
| FI903403A0 (fi) * | 1989-07-10 | 1990-07-05 | Philips Corp | Krettssammanstaellning. |
| GB2244608A (en) * | 1990-04-23 | 1991-12-04 | P I Electronics Pte Ltd | High frequency drive circuit for a fluorescent lamp |
| DE4039498B4 (de) * | 1990-07-13 | 2006-06-29 | Lutron Electronics Co., Inc. | Schaltkreis und Verfahren zum Dimmen von Gasentladungslampen |
| JP3127405B2 (ja) * | 1991-03-19 | 2001-01-22 | 株式会社キジマ | コンバ−タ |
| US5359274A (en) * | 1992-08-20 | 1994-10-25 | North American Philips Corporation | Active offset for power factor controller |
| US5406174A (en) * | 1992-12-16 | 1995-04-11 | U. S. Philips Corporation | Discharge lamp operating circuit with frequency control of dimming and lamp electrode heating |
| US5557176A (en) * | 1994-01-31 | 1996-09-17 | Diversitec Incorporated | Modulated electronic ballast for driving gas discharge lamps |
| US5586016A (en) * | 1994-07-05 | 1996-12-17 | Motorola, Inc. | Circuit for quickly energizing electronic ballast |
-
1995
- 1995-03-06 JP JP07041495A patent/JP3543236B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1996
- 1996-02-13 US US08/600,434 patent/US5822201A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-02-15 GB GB9603220A patent/GB2299469B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-03-06 CN CN96101293A patent/CN1071953C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102994959A (zh) * | 2012-10-30 | 2013-03-27 | 无锡鸿声铝业有限公司 | 卷绕式真空镀铝机用加热装置 |
| CN108886324A (zh) * | 2016-04-21 | 2018-11-23 | 三菱电机株式会社 | 绝缘型升压转换器 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2299469A (en) | 1996-10-02 |
| GB9603220D0 (en) | 1996-04-17 |
| CN1071953C (zh) | 2001-09-26 |
| US5822201A (en) | 1998-10-13 |
| JP3543236B2 (ja) | 2004-07-14 |
| JPH08251945A (ja) | 1996-09-27 |
| GB2299469B (en) | 1999-11-03 |
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