CN113615509A - Planting method of selenium-rich fragrant pawpaw - Google Patents
Planting method of selenium-rich fragrant pawpaw Download PDFInfo
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- CN113615509A CN113615509A CN202111062318.9A CN202111062318A CN113615509A CN 113615509 A CN113615509 A CN 113615509A CN 202111062318 A CN202111062318 A CN 202111062318A CN 113615509 A CN113615509 A CN 113615509A
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- selenium
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- seedlings
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- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 129
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 129
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 129
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 235000009467 Carica papaya Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 51
- 235000006264 Asimina triloba Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 14
- 244000189799 Asimina triloba Species 0.000 title 1
- 235000009847 Cucumis melo var cantalupensis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 240000000425 Chaenomeles speciosa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000005078 Chaenomeles speciosa Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 244000241257 Cucumis melo Species 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 229940091258 selenium supplement Drugs 0.000 claims description 121
- 240000006432 Carica papaya Species 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-NTGFUMLPSA-N (9Z,12Z)-9,10,12,13-tetratritiooctadeca-9,12-dienoic acid Chemical compound C(CCCCCCC\C(=C(/C\C(=C(/CCCCC)\[3H])\[3H])\[3H])\[3H])(=O)O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-NTGFUMLPSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- NOOLISFMXDJSKH-UTLUCORTSA-N (+)-Neomenthol Chemical compound CC(C)[C@@H]1CC[C@@H](C)C[C@@H]1O NOOLISFMXDJSKH-UTLUCORTSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- NOOLISFMXDJSKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N DL-menthol Natural products CC(C)C1CCC(C)CC1O NOOLISFMXDJSKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229930191978 Gibberellin Natural products 0.000 claims description 10
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 229930013930 alkaloid Natural products 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000003797 alkaloid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N gibberellic acid GA3 Natural products OC(=O)C1C2(C3)CC(=C)C3(O)CCC2C2(C=CC3O)C1C3(C)C(=O)O2 IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003448 gibberellin Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229940041616 menthol Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium selenite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Se]([O-])=O BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000003278 egg shell Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960001471 sodium selenite Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011781 sodium selenite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000015921 sodium selenite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000011649 selenium Nutrition 0.000 description 101
- 244000064895 Cucumis melo subsp melo Species 0.000 description 33
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 210000000481 breast Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (±)-α-Tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000126002 Ziziphus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 lipid peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- JDLKFOPOAOFWQN-VIFPVBQESA-N Allicin Natural products C=CCS[S@](=O)CC=C JDLKFOPOAOFWQN-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010006187 Breast cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000026310 Breast neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 244000068645 Carya illinoensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009025 Carya illinoensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010009944 Colon cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000015510 Cucumis melo subsp melo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000006587 Glutathione peroxidase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108700016172 Glutathione peroxidases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108060003951 Immunoglobulin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000122904 Mucuna Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000000453 Skin Neoplasms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229930003427 Vitamin E Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JDLKFOPOAOFWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N allicin Chemical compound C=CCSS(=O)CC=C JDLKFOPOAOFWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010081 allicin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001093 anti-cancer Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000019771 cognition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000029742 colonic neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-tocopherol Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC1CCC2C(C)C(O)C(C)C(C)C2O1 WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002432 hydroperoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000018358 immunoglobulin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000007270 liver cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000014018 liver neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000004698 lymphocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000783 metal toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004792 oxidative damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002633 protecting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 201000000849 skin cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C11/00—Other nitrogenous fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
- C05D9/02—Other inorganic fertilisers containing trace elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
- C05G5/23—Solutions
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a planting method of selenium-rich chaenomeles speciosa, which comprises seven steps of land preparation, garden building, selenium-rich germination accelerating, seeding and seedling raising, fertilization, topdressing, shaping and trimming and harvesting, wherein the selenium-rich germination accelerating operation comprises the steps of preparing a selenium-rich solution, soaking chaenomeles speciosa seeds in the selenium-rich solution, blowing fresh air into the selenium-rich solution through an air blower in the soaking process for 6-8 hours, taking out the chaenomeles speciosa seeds, cleaning the solution outside the chaenomeles speciosa seeds with clear water, wrapping the solution in moist gauze, and accelerating germination at the temperature of 25-28 ℃. The muskmelon planted by the method is rich in selenium, beneficial to health care of people and high in nutritive value, and the planting method is simple and convenient to operate, ecological and environment-friendly and beneficial to planting of the muskmelon.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, in particular to a planting method of selenium-rich chaenomeles speciosa.
Background
The pawpaw is commonly called as shine skin pawpaw, dalong wood, Fengshui tree, muskmelon and plum, and is a unique rare fruit tree species in China; the papaya is a tall deciduous tree which is dry-tolerant, waterlogging-tolerant, and not soil-selective, and can be grown to 5-7 m in adult period and the age of the tree is more than a hundred years.
Selenium is a trace element necessary for human bodies and participates in synthesizing various selenium-containing enzymes and selenium-containing proteins in the human bodies. The glutathione peroxidase catalyzes hydroperoxides or lipid peroxides to be converted into water or various alcohols in a living body, eliminates the attack of free radicals to a biological membrane, and protects the biological membrane from oxidative damage. Selenium can improve human immunity, promote proliferation of lymphocyte and synthesis of antibody and immunoglobulin. Selenium has obvious inhibiting and protecting effects on colon cancer, skin cancer, liver cancer, breast cancer and other cancers, and an intermediate metabolite methyl enol in a body has strong anticancer activity. Selenium and vitamin E, allicin, linoleic acid, germanium, zinc and other nutrients have synergistic antioxidant effect and increased antioxidant activity. Meanwhile, selenium has the effect of relieving and alleviating heavy metal toxicity.
In recent years, with the enhancement of health care consciousness and the improvement of selenium cognition degree of people, selenium-rich agricultural and sideline products have been widely accepted and recognized, and a hot tide for pursuing selenium-rich products is formed, under the condition, the artificial planting of selenium-rich vegetables and fruits is gradually required.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects and provides a planting method of selenium-rich papaya.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a planting method of selenium-rich papaya comprises the following steps:
(1) land preparation and garden building: selecting a sandy field with sunny terrain, fertile soil, moist soil and good drainage and neutral soil, digging set planting holes according to the plant spacing of 1.5-2.5m and the row spacing of 2-3m, and exposing the set planting holes in the environment;
(2) selenium-rich germination acceleration: preparing a selenium-rich solution, soaking the seeds of the papaya in the selenium-rich solution, blowing fresh air into the selenium-rich solution by an air blower in the soaking process for 6-8 hours, taking out the seeds of the papaya, cleaning the solution outside the seeds of the papaya with clear water, wrapping the seeds in a moist gauze, and putting the gauze in an environment at the temperature of 25-28 ℃ for germination acceleration;
(3) sowing and seedling raising: broadcasting the seeds treated in the step (2) on a seedbed according to the line spacing of 15-25 cm, then covering straws or mulching films to ensure the humidity of the seedbed, spraying a Bordeaux solution after the seedlings come out of the soil, digging the seedlings from the roots and transplanting the seedlings with root hairs into fixed planting holes dug in the step (1) after the seedlings grow to 2-3 leaves, and applying clear liquid dung as fixed root water during the fixed planting;
(4) fertilizing: after the seedlings are transplanted to survive, the seedlings are cultivated by adopting selenium-rich biological fertilizer, the seedlings are fertilized for 3-4 times every year, ring ditches are dug around the seedlings during each fertilization, and then 10-15 kg of the selenium-rich biological fertilizer is scattered into each ring ditch;
(5) topdressing: spraying selenium-rich biological fertilizer for three times at intervals of 3-4 days when the muskmelon begins to bear fruits, and spraying the selenium-rich biological fertilizer again when the muskmelon fruits turn yellow;
(6) shaping and trimming: pruning the common floweringquince tree every year, and cutting diseased branches, dead branches and excessively dense young branches between 12 months and 3 months next year to enable the tree form to be hollow and cylindrical, so that flowering and fruiting of the common floweringquince tree are facilitated;
(7) harvesting: and (4) harvesting after the papaya is ripe.
Further, the papaya seeds taken in the step (2) are firstly subjected to pretreatment operation, wherein the pretreatment operation comprises the steps of selecting the papaya seeds with full particles and good appearance, spreading the papaya seeds on a cement ground, drying the papaya seeds in the sun for 1-3 days, and turning the papaya seeds frequently to enable the dryness of the papaya seeds to be consistent.
Further, the selenium-rich solution recorded in the step (2) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4-8 parts of selenium yeast, 1-3 parts of polyaluminium chloride, 1-2 parts of gibberellin, 0.2-0.6 part of bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum, 0.5-1.5 parts of linoleic acid, 1-5 parts of menthol, 0.5-1 part of preservative, 1-4 parts of tea alkaloid and 300 parts of deionized water 200-.
Further, the preparation method of the selenium-rich solution comprises the following steps: pouring deionized water into a beaker, then placing the beaker on a magnetic stirrer, starting the magnetic stirrer to stir, adding the selenium yeast, the polyaluminium chloride, the gibberellin, the bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum, the linoleic acid, the menthol, the preservative and the tea alkaloid into the beaker in sequence, and stirring for 5-10min until the solution is uniform.
Further, the selenium-rich biological fertilizer recorded in the step (4) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-5 parts of selenium mineral powder, 2-6 parts of sodium selenite, 1-2 parts of trace elements, 5-10 parts of humic acid, 20-25 parts of egg shells, 80-100 parts of nitrogen fertilizer and 20-40 parts of dry pine needles.
Further, the trace elements are one or more of sulfur, potassium, magnesium, sodium, boron, manganese, zinc, copper, molybdenum, chlorine, iron, cobalt and germanium.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the planting method of the selenium-rich papaya, the planted papaya is rich in selenium, health care of people is facilitated, and the selenium-rich papaya has extremely high nutritional value, is simple and convenient to operate, is ecological and environment-friendly, and is beneficial to planting of the papaya;
2. according to the invention, by adding the selenium-rich germination accelerating operation and soaking the muskmelon seeds in the selenium-rich solution, the germination accelerating operation is firstly carried out on the muskmelon seeds, the germination rate of the muskmelon seeds can be effectively improved, and the selenium content of the seeds can be increased by setting the selenium-rich solution, so that the selenium content of the muskmelon fruits can be improved, and the nutritional value of the muskmelon is improved;
3. according to the invention, the selenium-rich biological fertilizer is used as the fertilizer during fertilization and topdressing, so that sufficient nutritional ingredients can be provided for the muskmelon tree, the normal growth of the muskmelon tree is ensured, and the selenium-rich biological fertilizer is rich in a large amount of selenium, so that the selenium content of the muskmelon fruits is increased, and the selenium content of the muskmelon fruits is further increased.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A planting method of selenium-rich papaya comprises the following steps:
(1) land preparation and garden building: selecting a sandy field with sunny terrain, fertile soil, moist soil and good drainage and neutral soil, digging set planting holes according to the plant spacing of 1.5m and the row spacing of 2m, and exposing the set planting holes in the environment;
(2) selenium-rich germination acceleration: preparing a selenium-rich solution, wherein the selenium-rich solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: the method comprises the following steps of taking 4 parts of yeast selenium, 1 part of polyaluminium chloride, 1 part of gibberellin, 0.2 part of bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum, 0.5 part of linoleic acid, 1 part of menthol, 0.5 part of preservative, 1 part of tea alkaloid and 200 parts of deionized water, soaking the seeds of the muskmelon in a selenium-rich solution, firstly carrying out pretreatment operation on the taken seeds of the muskmelon, wherein the pretreatment operation comprises the steps of selecting the seeds of the muskmelon with full particles and good appearance, spreading the seeds on a cement ground, airing for 1 day, turning over frequently to enable the dryness of the seeds of the muskmelon to be consistent, blowing fresh air into the selenium-rich solution through an air blower in the soaking process for 6 hours, taking out the seeds of the muskmelon, cleaning the solution outside the seeds of the muskmelon with clear water, wrapping the seeds in a moist gauze, and accelerating germination in an environment at the temperature of 25 ℃;
(3) sowing and seedling raising: sowing the seeds treated in the step (2) on a seedbed according to the line spacing of 15 cm, then covering with straws or mulching films to ensure the humidity of the seedbed, spraying with Bordeaux solution after the seedlings come out of the soil, digging up the seedlings from the roots and transplanting the seedlings with root hairs into the fixed planting holes dug in the step (1) after the seedlings grow to 2-3 leaves, and applying clear liquid dung as fixed root water during the fixed planting;
(4) fertilizing: after the seedlings are transplanted to survive, the seedlings are cultivated by adopting selenium-rich biological fertilizer, wherein the selenium-rich biological fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1 part of selenium mineral powder, 2 parts of sodium selenite, 1 part of trace elements, 5 parts of humic acid, 20 parts of egg shells, 80 parts of nitrogen fertilizer and 20 parts of dry pine needles, wherein the fertilizers are applied for 3 times every year, circular ditches are dug around seedlings during each fertilization, and then 10 kilograms of selenium-rich biological fertilizer is scattered into each circular ditch;
(5) topdressing: spraying selenium-rich biological fertilizer for three times at intervals of 3 days when the muskmelon starts to bear fruits, and spraying the selenium-rich biological fertilizer again when the muskmelon fruits turn yellow;
(6) shaping and trimming: pruning the common floweringquince tree every year, and cutting diseased branches, dead branches and excessively dense young branches between 12 months and 3 months next year to enable the tree form to be hollow and cylindrical, so that flowering and fruiting of the common floweringquince tree are facilitated;
(7) harvesting: and (4) harvesting after the papaya is ripe.
Preferably, the preparation method of the selenium-rich solution is as follows: pouring deionized water into a beaker, then placing the beaker on a magnetic stirrer, starting the magnetic stirrer to stir, adding the selenium yeast, the polyaluminium chloride, the gibberellin, the bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum, the linoleic acid, the menthol, the preservative and the tea alkaloid into the beaker in sequence, and stirring for 5-10min until the solution is uniform.
Preferably, the trace elements are a mixture of equal amounts of sulfur, potassium, magnesium and sodium.
Example 2
A planting method of selenium-rich papaya comprises the following steps:
(1) land preparation and garden building: selecting a sandy field with sunny terrain, fertile soil, moist soil and good drainage and neutral soil, digging set planting holes according to the plant spacing of 2m and the row spacing of 2.5m, and exposing the set planting holes in the environment;
(2) selenium-rich germination acceleration: preparing a selenium-rich solution, wherein the selenium-rich solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6 parts of yeast selenium, 2 parts of polyaluminium chloride, 1.5 parts of gibberellin, 0.4 part of bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum, 1 part of linoleic acid, 3 parts of menthol, 0.75 part of preservative, 2.5 parts of tea alkaloid and 250 parts of deionized water, wherein the pawpaw seeds are taken and placed in a selenium-rich solution for soaking, the taken pawpaw seeds are firstly subjected to pretreatment operation, the pretreatment operation comprises the steps of selecting full-grain and good-quality pawpaw seeds, spreading the seeds on a cement ground, drying for 2 days, turning over frequently to enable the dryness of the pawpaw seeds to be consistent, blowing fresh air into the selenium-rich solution through an air blower in the soaking process for 7 hours, taking out the pawpaw seeds, cleaning the solution outside the pawpaw seeds with clear water, wrapping the pawpaw seeds in a wet gauze, and placing the gauze in an environment at the temperature of 27 ℃ for germination acceleration;
(3) sowing and seedling raising: broadcasting the seeds treated in the step (2) on a seedbed according to a row spacing of 20 cm, then covering with straws or mulching films to ensure the humidity of the seedbed, spraying with Bordeaux solution after the seedlings come out of the soil, digging the seedlings from the roots and transplanting the seedlings with root hairs into the fixed planting holes dug in the step (1) after the seedlings grow to 2-3 leaves, and applying clear liquid dung as fixed root water during the fixed planting;
(4) fertilizing: after the seedlings are transplanted to survive, the seedlings are cultivated by adopting selenium-rich biological fertilizer, wherein the selenium-rich biological fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts of selenium mineral powder, 4 parts of sodium selenite, 1.5 parts of trace elements, 7.5 parts of humic acid, 22.5 parts of egg shells, 90 parts of nitrogen fertilizer and 30 parts of dry pine needles, wherein the fertilizers are applied for 3 times per year, annular grooves are dug around seedlings during each fertilization, and then 12.5 kilograms of selenium-rich biological fertilizer is scattered into each annular groove;
(5) topdressing: spraying selenium-rich biological fertilizer for three times at intervals of 3 days when the muskmelon starts to bear fruits, and spraying the selenium-rich biological fertilizer again when the muskmelon fruits turn yellow;
(6) shaping and trimming: pruning the common floweringquince tree every year, and cutting diseased branches, dead branches and excessively dense young branches between 12 months and 3 months next year to enable the tree form to be hollow and cylindrical, so that flowering and fruiting of the common floweringquince tree are facilitated;
(7) harvesting: and (4) harvesting after the papaya is ripe.
Preferably, the preparation method of the selenium-rich solution is as follows: pouring deionized water into a beaker, then placing the beaker on a magnetic stirrer, starting the magnetic stirrer to stir, adding the selenium yeast, the polyaluminium chloride, the gibberellin, the bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum, the linoleic acid, the menthol, the preservative and the tea alkaloid into the beaker in sequence, and stirring for 5-10min until the solution is uniform.
Preferably, the trace elements are a mixture of equal amounts of boron, manganese, zinc and copper.
Example 3
A planting method of selenium-rich papaya comprises the following steps:
(1) land preparation and garden building: selecting a sandy field with sunny terrain, fertile soil, moist soil and good drainage and neutral soil, digging set planting holes according to the plant spacing of 2.5m and the row spacing of 3m, and exposing the set planting holes in the environment;
(2) selenium-rich germination acceleration: preparing a selenium-rich solution, wherein the selenium-rich solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8 parts of yeast selenium, 3 parts of polyaluminium chloride, 2 parts of gibberellin, 0.6 part of bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum, 1.5 parts of linoleic acid, 5 parts of menthol, 1 part of preservative, 4 parts of tea alkaloid and 300 parts of deionized water, soaking the seeds of the muskmelon in a selenium-rich solution, firstly carrying out pretreatment operation on the taken seeds of the muskmelon, wherein the pretreatment operation comprises the steps of selecting full-particle and good-phase seeds of the muskmelon, spreading the seeds on a cement ground, drying the seeds for 3 days, frequently turning the seeds over to ensure that the dryness of the seeds of the muskmelon is consistent, blowing fresh air into the selenium-rich solution through an air blower in the soaking process for 8 hours, taking out the seeds of the muskmelon, cleaning the solution outside the seeds of the muskmelon with clear water, wrapping the seeds in a moist gauze, and accelerating germination in an environment at the temperature of 28 ℃;
(3) sowing and seedling raising: broadcasting the seeds treated in the step (2) on a seedbed according to a line spacing of 25 cm, then covering with straws or mulching films to ensure the humidity of the seedbed, spraying with Bordeaux solution after the seedlings come out of the soil, digging the seedlings from the roots and transplanting the seedlings with root hairs into the fixed planting holes dug in the step (1) after the seedlings grow to 2-3 leaves, and applying clear liquid dung as fixed root water during the fixed planting;
(4) fertilizing: after the seedlings are transplanted to survive, the seedlings are cultivated by adopting selenium-rich biological fertilizer, wherein the selenium-rich biological fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of selenium mineral powder, 6 parts of sodium selenite, 2 parts of trace elements, 10 parts of humic acid, 25 parts of egg shells, 100 parts of nitrogen fertilizer and 40 parts of dry pine needles, fertilizing for 4 times every year, digging circular ditches around seedlings during each fertilization, and then scattering 15 kilograms of selenium-rich biological fertilizer into each circular ditch;
(5) topdressing: spraying selenium-rich biological fertilizer for three times at intervals of 4 days when the muskmelon starts to bear fruits, and spraying the selenium-rich biological fertilizer again when the muskmelon fruits turn yellow;
(6) shaping and trimming: pruning the common floweringquince tree every year, and cutting diseased branches, dead branches and excessively dense young branches between 12 months and 3 months next year to enable the tree form to be hollow and cylindrical, so that flowering and fruiting of the common floweringquince tree are facilitated;
(7) harvesting: and (4) harvesting after the papaya is ripe.
Preferably, the preparation method of the selenium-rich solution is as follows: pouring deionized water into a beaker, then placing the beaker on a magnetic stirrer, starting the magnetic stirrer to stir, adding the selenium yeast, the polyaluminium chloride, the gibberellin, the bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum, the linoleic acid, the menthol, the preservative and the tea alkaloid into the beaker in sequence, and stirring for 5-10min until the solution is uniform.
Preferably, the trace elements are a mixture of equal amounts of molybdenum, chlorine, iron, cobalt and germanium.
Planting 5 mu of selenium-rich papaya by adopting the planting method of the above examples 1-3, and counting the yield per mu, the average number of fruits per papaya tree, the average weight per unit of papaya and the selenium content of papaya, the results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 Mucuna melons planting related Properties
| Number of groups | Yield per kg per mu | Average number of results/number | Average weight per kg | Selenium content(mg/kg) |
| Example 1 | 2956 | 68 | 2.23 | 0.039 |
| Example 2 | 3145 | 74 | 2.61 | 0.042 |
| Example 3 | 3008 | 72 | 2.48 | 0.036 |
As can be seen from the table, the planting method described in example 2 is a preferred example.
The invention also provides a series of comparative experiments for example 2, which are as follows:
comparative example 1
The comparative example differs from example 2 only in that the muskmelon seeds were not soaked with the selenium-rich solution.
Comparative example 2
The difference between the comparative example and the example 2 is that the selenium-rich biological fertilizer is not adopted to cultivate the seedlings in the fertilizing process.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example is different from the example 2 only in that selenium-rich biological fertilizer is not adopted to spray the branches, leaves and fruits of the muskmelon in the top dressing process.
To further illustrate the use value of the planting method of the invention, 5 acres of selenium-enriched papaya planted by the planting methods of comparative examples 1-3 are counted, the acre yield of planting, the average number of the results of a single papaya tree, the average single weight of the papaya and the selenium content of the papaya are counted, and the results are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 Carya illinoensis plant-related Properties
| Number of groups | Yield per kg per mu | Average number of results/number | Average weight per kg | Selenium content (mg/kg) |
| Comparative example 1 | 2461 | 60 | 1.52 | 0.025 |
| Comparative example 2 | 2512 | 57 | 1.84 | 0.027 |
| Comparative example 3 | 2385 | 63 | 1.69 | 0.022 |
As can be seen from table 2, the planting method of the present invention can effectively improve the acre yield of the selenium-enriched chaenomeles speciosa, the average fruiting number of a single chaenomeles speciosa tree, the average single weight of the chaenomeles speciosa and the selenium content of the chaenomeles speciosa, and the best effect is achieved by adding the selenium-enriched solution for soaking the seeds, applying the selenium-enriched bio-fertilizer during fertilization, and applying the selenium-enriched bio-fertilizer during top dressing during the planting process.
The jujube yang city belongs to the jurisdiction of Xiangyang city, and is located in the northwest of Hubei province and the east of the junction of Tang Baihe entering Hanshui; east is bordered by the Daizhou, west is bordered by the Xiangzhou area, south is adjacent to Yicheng, north is connected with Tanghe county in Henan province, northeast is bordered by Tuebi county in Henan province, and northwest is adjacent to Xinye county in Henan province.
The pH value of the soil is one of the restrictive conditions of the cultivated soil, neutral soil means that the pH value ranges from 5.6 to 7.5, 97.53% of cultivated land soil in the city of jujube Yang is neutral, and only 2.45% of cultivated land soil is acidic, so that the cultivation of the papaya is facilitated.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (6)
1. A planting method of selenium-rich papaya is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) land preparation and garden building: selecting a sandy field with neutral soil, digging set planting holes according to the plant spacing of 1.5-2.5m and the row spacing of 2-3m, and exposing the planting holes in the environment;
(2) selenium-rich germination acceleration: preparing a selenium-rich solution, soaking the seeds of the papaya in the selenium-rich solution, blowing fresh air into the selenium-rich solution by an air blower in the soaking process for 6-8 hours, taking out the seeds of the papaya, cleaning the solution outside the seeds of the papaya with clear water, wrapping the seeds in a moist gauze, and putting the gauze in an environment at the temperature of 25-28 ℃ for germination acceleration;
(3) sowing and seedling raising: broadcasting the seeds treated in the step (2) on a seedbed according to the line spacing of 15-25 cm, then covering straws or mulching films to ensure the humidity of the seedbed, spraying a Bordeaux solution after the seedlings come out of the soil, digging the seedlings from the roots and transplanting the seedlings with root hairs into fixed planting holes dug in the step (1) after the seedlings grow to 2-3 leaves, and applying clear liquid dung as fixed root water during the fixed planting;
(4) fertilizing: after the seedlings are transplanted to survive, the seedlings are cultivated by adopting selenium-rich biological fertilizer, the seedlings are fertilized for 3-4 times every year, ring ditches are dug around the seedlings during each fertilization, and then 10-15 kg of the selenium-rich biological fertilizer is scattered into each ring ditch;
(5) topdressing: spraying selenium-rich biological fertilizer for three times at intervals of 3-4 days when the muskmelon begins to bear fruits, and spraying the selenium-rich biological fertilizer again when the muskmelon fruits turn yellow;
(6) shaping and trimming: pruning the common floweringquince tree every year, and cutting diseased branches, dead branches and excessively dense young branches between 12 months and 3 months next year to enable the tree form to be hollow and cylindrical, so that flowering and fruiting of the common floweringquince tree are facilitated;
(7) harvesting: and (4) harvesting after the papaya is ripe.
2. The planting method of selenium-enriched chaenomeles speciosa as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: and (3) pretreating the pawpaw seeds taken in the step (2), wherein the pretreatment comprises the steps of selecting full pawpaw seeds with good quality, spreading the seeds on a cement ground, drying for 1-3 days, and turning frequently to enable the dryness of the pawpaw seeds to be consistent.
3. The planting method of selenium-enriched chaenomeles speciosa as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the selenium-rich solution recorded in the step (2) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4-8 parts of selenium yeast, 1-3 parts of polyaluminium chloride, 1-2 parts of gibberellin, 0.2-0.6 part of bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum, 0.5-1.5 parts of linoleic acid, 1-5 parts of menthol, 0.5-1 part of preservative, 1-4 parts of tea alkaloid and 300 parts of deionized water 200-.
4. The planting method of selenium-enriched chaenomeles speciosa as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: the preparation method of the selenium-rich solution comprises the following steps: pouring deionized water into a beaker, then placing the beaker on a magnetic stirrer, starting the magnetic stirrer to stir, adding the selenium yeast, the polyaluminium chloride, the gibberellin, the bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum, the linoleic acid, the menthol, the preservative and the tea alkaloid into the beaker in sequence, and stirring for 5-10min until the solution is uniform.
5. The planting method of selenium-enriched chaenomeles speciosa as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the selenium-rich biological fertilizer recorded in the step (4) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-5 parts of selenium mineral powder, 2-6 parts of sodium selenite, 1-2 parts of trace elements, 5-10 parts of humic acid, 20-25 parts of egg shells, 80-100 parts of nitrogen fertilizer and 20-40 parts of dry pine needles.
6. The planting method of selenium-enriched chaenomeles speciosa as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: the trace elements are one or more of sulfur, potassium, magnesium, sodium, boron, manganese, zinc, copper, molybdenum, chlorine, iron, cobalt and germanium.
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| AU2020103168A4 (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-01-14 | Shenzhen Polytechnic | Method for planting berry seeds |
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| CN109769603A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2019-05-21 | 周成河 | A kind of implantation methods being coated plantation selenium-rich Laifeng County muskmelon using selenium-rich |
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