CN113615343B - Method for improving germination rate of belamcanda chinensis seeds - Google Patents
Method for improving germination rate of belamcanda chinensis seeds Download PDFInfo
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- CN113615343B CN113615343B CN202111051405.4A CN202111051405A CN113615343B CN 113615343 B CN113615343 B CN 113615343B CN 202111051405 A CN202111051405 A CN 202111051405A CN 113615343 B CN113615343 B CN 113615343B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/02—Germinating apparatus; Determining germination capacity of seeds or the like
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving germination rate of belamcanda chinensis seeds, belonging to the technical field of belamcanda chinensis planting; the method comprises the following steps: freezing the collected seeds at-18 to-20 ℃ for 5-15 min; taking out, and storing at 0-2 deg.C for 90-120 days; then peeling off the seed coat to crack the seed coat but not completely separate from the seeds in the seed coat; soaking the seeds in water and then in an acidic aqueous solution; culturing the treated seeds in a culture container, taking out the cultured seeds, and uniformly sowing the seeds on nutrient soil for culture and growth; the method ensures that the seeds can more easily and quickly pass through the dormancy stage in the germination stage, and ensures the smooth germination of the seeds; solves the problems of low germination rate of the blackberry lily seeds and even germination in next year.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of blackberry lily planting, and particularly relates to a method for improving germination rate of blackberry lily seeds.
Background
Rhizoma Belamcandae, also known as Crotalaria, Hemerocallis fulva, lindera strychnifolia, Iridaceae, Belamcanda; blackberry lily is perennial herbaceous, 50-120 cm high, fresh yellow rhizomes and most fibrous roots. The stem stands upright. 2 rows of leaves are flat, are in a nested shape, are sword-shaped, are 25-60 cm long, 2-4 cm wide, are green, are always white, are gradually sharp at the tip, are used for holding stems at the base and are parallel to veins of the leaves. The raceme is terminal, and the binary branches are diverged; the base of the flower stalk is provided with membranous bract, the bract is oval to egg-shaped and is in the shape of needles, and the length of the bract is about 1 cm; the diameter of the flower is 3-5 cm, the diameter of the flower quilt is 6, 2 wheels, the inner wheel is 3 smaller pieces, the flower quilt pieces are oval, the length is 2-2.5 cm, the width is about 1 cm, the tip is blunt and round, the base is narrow, and the flower quilt is orange and has dark red spots; stamen 3, shorter than the perianth, with anthers facing outwards; the ovary position, 3 rooms. The style is rod-shaped, and the stigma is shallow and 3 cracks. The capsule is elliptical, is 2.5-3.5 cm long, has 3 edges, and has 3 petal clefts at maturity. The flowering period is 6-8 months, and the fruit period is 7-9 months. The seeds are spherical, black purple, glossy, about 5 mm in diameter and are planted on the fruit shafts.
The seed dormancy refers to the phenomenon that seeds with vitality can not germinate under the proper germination condition, is a biological adaptability to environmental conditions and seasonal changes obtained by long-term evolution of plants, is beneficial to the preservation and the continuation of species, and most plant seeds have the dormancy characteristic, strong or weak. On the other hand, the dormancy of seeds is disadvantageous for agricultural development and production, for example, the seeds are still dormant in the sowing season or the germination rate is difficult to be measured correctly because the seeds are dormant, and the sowing quantity and the sowing proper period are difficult to be determined. The phenomenon that the blackberry lily seeds germinate in low or even every other year often occurs, and the normal seedling culture work is seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art, provides a method for improving the germination rate of the blackberry lily seeds, and solves the problems of low germination rate of the blackberry lily seeds and even germination in next year.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for improving germination rate of belamcanda chinensis seeds comprises the following steps:
a) collecting Belamcanda chinensis seeds, air drying, and freezing at-18 to-20 deg.C for 5-15 min; taking out, and storing at 0-2 deg.C for 90-120 days.
b) The preserved blackberry seeds are removed and the seed coat is peeled open so that the seed coat is cracked but not completely separated from the seeds inside.
c) Soaking the seeds after peeling in water for 24-36 h; the temperature of the water is 5-15 ℃; then soaking the mixture in an aqueous solution added with acetic acid for 12 to 24 hours, wherein the mass fraction of the acetic acid is 0.5 to 0.8 percent; the temperature of the acetic acid water solution is 20-30 ℃.
d) Culturing the treated seeds in a culture container for 20-30 h; the temperature in the culture container is 20-25 deg.C, and the humidity is 65-75%.
e) Taking out the cultured seeds, uniformly sowing the seeds on nutrient soil, and culturing and growing the seeds under the conditions of 15-20 ℃ and 40-55% of humidity.
Preferably, the nutrient soil is prepared by uniformly stirring sandy soil, turfy soil and soil surface soil according to the proportion of 5:3:2, covering the mixture by using a plastic film, and fermenting the mixture at high temperature for 40-60 days under illumination to obtain the nutrient soil for seeding.
Preferably, the acetic acid is replaced by vinegar with the same mass fraction.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the seeds are frozen for a short time and then refrigerated for a long time, so that active ingredients in the seeds are effectively stored, and the seeds are enabled to more easily and rapidly pass through the dormancy stage in the germination stage through low-temperature activation.
According to the invention, the outer seed coats are peeled off but not completely peeled off, so that the seeds are favorable for quick germination on one hand, and the outer hardened seed coats are broken in the cold storage process on the other hand, so that the inner germination of the seeds is not influenced, and meanwhile, the separated but connected seed coats have stronger water absorption and water retention capacity, and the smooth germination of the inner seeds is ensured.
According to the method, the seeds are promoted to absorb water by soaking in clear water, and then the energy components stored in the blackberry lily seeds are dissociated in an acidic environment by soaking in a weakly acidic solution, so that the absorption in the seed germination process is facilitated, and the seed germination is promoted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the variation of water absorption of seeds from which seed coats of the present invention were peeled and a control seed.
FIG. 2 is a graph comparing the germination rates of seeds treated according to the present invention with control seeds.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and the drawings, but the scope of protection is not limited thereto.
Example 1
A method for improving germination rate of belamcanda chinensis seeds comprises the following specific steps:
1. collecting blackberry lily seeds, collecting blackberry lily plants which grow vigorously and have no plant diseases and insect pests, selecting plump seeds, spreading and placing in a shade place for airing for 24 hours; then freezing for 10min at-18 to-20 ℃; taking out, and storing at 0-2 deg.C for 90 days.
2. The preserved blackberry seeds are removed and the seed coat is peeled open so that the seed coat is cracked but not completely separated from the seeds inside.
3. Soaking the seeds after peeling in water for 30 h; the temperature of the water is 10 ℃; then soaking the mixture in an aqueous solution added with acetic acid for 20 hours, wherein the mass fraction of the acetic acid is 0.5%; the temperature of the aqueous acetic acid solution was 25 ℃.
4. Uniformly spreading the treated seeds in a culture dish in which 1-3 layers of wet gauze are placed, covering the culture dish with a culture dish cover, and placing the culture dish cover in an incubator for dark culture for 30 hours; the temperature in the culture vessel was 25 ℃ and the humidity was 65%.
5. Taking out the cultured seeds, uniformly sowing the seeds on nutrient soil, and culturing and growing the seeds under the conditions of 15 ℃ and 40% of humidity.
The nutrient soil is prepared by uniformly stirring sandy soil, turfy soil and soil surface soil according to the proportion of 5:3:2, covering with a plastic film, and fermenting at high temperature for 40-60 days under illumination.
Example 2
A method for improving the germination rate of belamcanda chinensis seeds, which is different from the method in the embodiment 1, and the method is to freeze the seeds for 15min at the temperature of minus 18 to minus 20 ℃; taking out, and storing at 0-2 deg.C for 100 days; the other difference is that vinegar is used to replace acetic acid, the mass fraction of the vinegar is 0.7%, and the rest steps are the same as those in the example 1.
Example 3
A method for improving the germination rate of belamcanda chinensis seeds, which is different from the method in the embodiment 1, and the method is to freeze the seeds for 5min at the temperature of minus 18 to minus 20 ℃; taking out, and storing at 0-2 deg.C for 120 days; the other difference is that vinegar is used to replace acetic acid, the mass fraction of the vinegar is 0.8%, and the rest steps are the same as those in the example 1.
Example 4
A method for improving germination rate of belamcanda chinensis seeds comprises the following specific steps:
1. collecting blackberry lily seeds, collecting blackberry lily plants which grow vigorously and have no plant diseases and insect pests, selecting plump seeds, spreading and placing in a shade place for airing for 24 hours; then freezing for 10min at-18 to-20 ℃; taking out, and storing at 0-2 deg.C for 90 days.
2. The preserved blackberry seeds are removed and the seed coat is peeled open so that the seed coat is cracked but not completely separated from the seeds inside.
3. Soaking the seeds after peeling in water for 36 h; the temperature of the water is 5 ℃; then soaking the mixture in an aqueous solution added with acetic acid for 24 hours, wherein the mass fraction of the acetic acid is 0.6%; the temperature of the aqueous acetic acid solution was 30 ℃.
4. Uniformly spreading the treated seeds in a culture dish in which 1-3 layers of wet gauze are placed, covering the culture dish with a culture dish cover, and placing the culture dish cover in an incubator for dark culture for 20 hours; the temperature in the culture vessel was 25 ℃ and the humidity was 75%.
5. Taking out the cultured seeds, uniformly sowing the seeds on nutrient soil, and culturing and growing the seeds under the conditions of 20 ℃ and 50% of humidity.
The nutrient soil is prepared by uniformly stirring sandy soil, turfy soil and soil surface soil according to the proportion of 5:3:2, covering with a plastic film, and fermenting at high temperature for 60 days under illumination.
Example 5
A method for improving the germination rate of belamcanda chinensis seeds, which is different from the method in example 4, and the method is that seeds stripped of seed coats are soaked in water for 24 hours; the temperature of the water is 12 ℃; then soaking the mixture in an aqueous solution added with acetic acid for 15 hours, wherein the mass fraction of the acetic acid is 0.7%; the temperature of the acetic acid water solution is 24 ℃; the remaining steps were the same as in example 4.
Test example 1
Measurement of Water absorption Capacity: in this test, the seeds treated in example 1 of the present invention and the seeds with the seed coats were placed in a beaker filled with distilled water, and the water absorption was calculated by a formula, and the results are shown in FIG. 1. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the water absorption of the seeds obtained in example 1 and the water absorption of the control increased gradually with the increase of the seed soaking time. The water absorption rate of the seed and the water absorption rate of the seed in the embodiment 1 are both increased after 6h and gradually become flat after 81h, but the water absorption capacity of the seed in the embodiment 1 reaches 176.04 percent, which is 93.65 percent higher than that of the seed after the seed coat is peeled, which shows that the water absorption capacity and the water retention capacity of the treated blackberry lily seed are obviously improved.
Test example 2
Determination of the Effect of different treatments on seed Germination
The blackberry lily seeds adopted in the control 1 are subjected to the same treatment measures as those in the example 1, except that the blackberry lily seeds of the control 1 are completely removed of seed coats; control 2 is blackberry lily seeds cultured in a conventional incubator; the same amount of the blackberry lily seeds of the control 1, the control 2 and the example 1 are subjected to the experiments of germination rate, germination potential, germination index and germination starting time, and the results are shown in the following table:
as can be seen from the above table, the germination rate and the germination potential of the blackberry lily seed 5d in example 1 are the highest, reaching 64% and 21.3%, so the blackberry lily seed treated by this example shows significant performance in the germination process.
Test example 3
The influence of different treatment temperatures on the germination rate of the blackberry lily seeds is shown in figure 2, and the blackberry lily seeds treated by the control 1, the control 2 and the example 1 are different in the treatment temperature of the first step; control 1: collecting blackberry lily seeds, collecting blackberry lily plants which grow vigorously and have no plant diseases and insect pests, selecting plump seeds, spreading and placing in a shade place for airing for 24 hours, and storing for 90-120 days for later use; control 2: collecting Belamcanda chinensis seeds, collecting from the strong and strong Belamcanda chinensis plants without diseases and insect pests, selecting plump seeds, spreading in the shade, air drying for 24 hr, sealing, and storing at 3-5 deg.C for 90-120 days.
As can be seen from FIG. 2, the emergence rate of the blackberry lily seeds treated in the example 1 is the highest and reaches 66.6%, and the average germination rates of the blackberry lily seeds treated in the control 1 and the control 2 are not greatly different from each other but are lower than the emergence rate of the blackberry lily seeds treated in the example 1.
The experimental methods used in test examples 1-3 were:
1. measurement of Water absorption
And peeling off the seed coat of the treated blackberry lily seeds and weighing. Taking 50 seeds with good development after seed coats are removed and left, putting the seeds into a beaker filled with distilled water, putting the beaker into an incubator at 25 ℃, measuring the seeds for 1 time every half hour for the first 2 hours, then measuring the water absorption for 1 time every 2, 4 and 12 hours, and using a filter paper to suck the surface water film of the dry seeds for weighing until the weight is unchanged, and repeatedly taking the average value for 3 times, wherein the formula is as follows:
2. determination of the Effect of different treatments on seed Germination
Soaking the treated blackberry lily seeds in clear water for one week, soaking and sterilizing the blackberry lily seeds in 0.05 percent potassium permanganate for 2 hours, and washing the blackberry lily seeds for 10min by running water. Dividing into 3 treatments: removing seed coats; peeling and culturing the seeds; no seed coat was removed as a control. Each treatment was 3 replicates, one replicate 50 seeds. The temperature in the incubator is controlled at 25 ℃, and the illumination is carried out for 10-12 h every day. The formula is as follows:
while the invention has been described in further detail with reference to specific preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. A method for improving germination rate of blackberry lily seeds is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a) collecting Belamcanda chinensis seeds, air-drying, and freezing at-18 to-20 deg.C for 10 min; taking out, and storing at 0-2 deg.C for 90 days;
b) taking out the preserved blackberry lily seeds, and peeling off the seed coats to ensure that the seed coats are cracked but not completely separated from the seeds in the blackberry lily seeds;
c) soaking the seeds after peeling in water for 30 h; the temperature of the water is 10 ℃; then soaking the mixture in an aqueous solution added with acetic acid for 20 hours, wherein the mass fraction of the acetic acid is 0.5%; the temperature of the acetic acid water solution is 25 ℃;
d) culturing the treated seeds in a culture container for 20-30 h; the temperature in the culture container is 20-25 ℃, and the humidity is 65-75%;
e) taking out the cultured seeds, uniformly sowing the seeds on nutrient soil, and culturing and growing the seeds under the conditions of 15-20 ℃ and 40-55% of humidity.
2. The method for improving germination rate of blackberry lily seeds according to claim 1, wherein the nutrient soil is nutrient soil for sowing, which is prepared by uniformly stirring sandy soil, turfy soil and soil surface soil according to a ratio of 5:3:2, covering the mixture with a plastic film, and fermenting the mixture at high temperature for 40-60 days under illumination.
3. The method for improving germination rate of blackberry lily seeds according to claim 1, wherein the acetic acid is replaced by vinegar with the same mass fraction.
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| US20080311634A1 (en) * | 2007-06-14 | 2008-12-18 | Chin-Wen Ho | Flavonoids-rich tissue from Belamcanda chinensis and methods for culturing the same |
| KR101051529B1 (en) * | 2009-02-13 | 2011-07-22 | 주식회사 세인환경기술 | How to create a flower garden using artificial ground |
| JP2013180956A (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2013-09-12 | Sunstar Engineering Inc | Bactericidal agent composition |
| CN103430725A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2013-12-11 | 王运海 | Planting method for blackberrylily rhizome |
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| CN104620813A (en) * | 2015-01-28 | 2015-05-20 | 中国科学院华南植物园 | Standardized planting method for medicinal plant blackberry lily |
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