CN1136064A - 基于二氟甲烷和五氟二甲基醚的假共沸混合物、及其作为制冷剂的应用 - Google Patents

基于二氟甲烷和五氟二甲基醚的假共沸混合物、及其作为制冷剂的应用 Download PDF

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CN1136064A
CN1136064A CN96101956A CN96101956A CN1136064A CN 1136064 A CN1136064 A CN 1136064A CN 96101956 A CN96101956 A CN 96101956A CN 96101956 A CN96101956 A CN 96101956A CN 1136064 A CN1136064 A CN 1136064A
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fhc
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西尔维耶·麦克迪尔
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Arkema France SA
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Elf Atochem SA
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    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
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    • C09K5/00Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
    • C09K5/02Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
    • C09K5/04Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
    • C09K5/041Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
    • C09K5/044Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
    • C09K5/045Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds containing only fluorine as halogen
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    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2205/00Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/10Components
    • C09K2205/11Ethers
    • C09K2205/112Halogenated ethers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C09K2205/00Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/22All components of a mixture being fluoro compounds
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    • C09K2205/00Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/32The mixture being azeotropic
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    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • C09K2205/00Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/40Replacement mixtures
    • C09K2205/43Type R22

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Abstract

为了在制冷或空调系统中取代氯二氟甲烷,本发明提供了一种用作制冷剂的混合物,该混合物含有二氟甲烷,五氟二甲基醚和至少一种选自1,1,1,2-(或1,1,2,2)四氟乙烷、1,1,1-三氟乙烷,1,1-二氟乙烷,氟乙烷,1,1,1,2,3,3,3-(或1,1,1,2,2,3,3)七氟丙烷和1,1,1,2,2-五氟中的氟化物。

Description

基于二氟甲烷和五氟二甲基醚 的假共沸混合物,及其作 为制冷剂的应用
本发明涉及制冷领域,更具体地说,本发明的主题是对环境有较小或没有影响的制冷剂的假共沸混合物,该混合物用于在制冷或空调系统(空调或热泵)中取代含氯氟烃(CFCs或CFHCs)。
在空调系统中,系统是按照热力学循环进行运行的,该循环通常由0-10℃之间的(最普遍的为7℃)蒸发温度,30-60℃之间的冷凝温度,约-5℃的液体冷却,和至少为10℃的蒸汽过热来限定。
通常用于空调的制冷剂是氯二氟甲烷(已知为CFHC-22)。然而,现已证实:由于它们对臭氧的影响,CFHCs和特别是CFHC-22将迟早被对臭氧层不再有影响的制冷剂所取代。
为了在空调设备中取代CFHC-22,代用品应该具有相当于,实际上要优于,CFHC-22的热力学性能(特别是制冷能力),同时保留高的效率并且保持合理的压力水平。还有,出于对产品良好的稳定性和设备耐久性的考虑,要求所排出的温度不要超过CFHC-22约5℃。最后,为了将循环中蒸馏及其维修问题减至最小,希望该混合物具有假共沸特性。
与CFCs和CFHCs相比,二氟甲烷(FHC-32)和五氟二甲基醚(E-125)对臭氧没有影响。然而,FHC-32的主要缺点是易燃。E-125(CF3-O-CHF2),是一种非可燃化合物,与CFHC-22相比,它在制冷能力方面有过大的损失。
按照公开文本WO 9314174,FHC-32和E-125的二元混合物在效率和制冷能力方面具有良好的兼顾,但这些混合物呈现很大的压力增加,它要求对制冷和空调系统作重大的改进。
现已发现一种混合物具有假共沸特性,该混合物含有二氟甲烷,五氟二甲基醚,和至少一种选自下表1中所列的流体化合物。
                           表1
    制冷剂     化学名称     沸点(℃)
    FHC-143a     1,1,1-三氟乙烷     -47.4
    FHC-161     氟乙烷     -37.7
    FHC-134a     1,1,1,2-四氟乙烷     -26.4
    FHC-152a     1,1-二氟乙烷     -25.8
    FHC-134     1,1,2,2-四氟乙烷     -19.7
    FHC-227ea     1,1,1,2,3,3,3-七氟丙烷     -18.3
    FHC-227ca     1,1,1,2,2,3,3-七氟丙烷     -16.3
    FHC-245cb     1,1,1,2,2-五氟丙烷     -18.3
本发明的组合物的选择应当使混合物具有假共沸特性,高的制冷能力,和相对于FHC-32/E-125二元混合物有减少的蒸汽压。
本发明的混合物因而能用于空调系统中,特别是用于取代CFHC-22。
按重量计的下列组合物,在本发明的混合物中是特别优选的混合物:
■5-85%(优选15-40%)的FHC-32,5-75%(优选50-60%)的E-125和5-80%(优选5-30%)的FHC-143a。
■5-85%(优选20-35%)的FHC-32,5-90%(优选55-70%)的E-125和5-60%(优选5-10%)的FHC-161。
■5-90%(优选25-40%)的FHC-32,5-90%(优选50-60%)的E-125和5-20%(优选5-15%)的FHC-152a。
■5-90%(优选25-50%)的FHC-32,5-90%(优选30-60%)的E-125,和5-25%的FHC-134a。
■5-90%(优选33-50%)的FHC-32,8-93%(优选42-60%)的E-125和2-7%FHC-134。
■5-90%(优选25-50%)的FHC-32,5-90%(优选15-60%)的E-125和5-35%的FHC-227ea。
■5-90%(优选25-50%)的FHC-32,5-90%(优选25-60%)的E-125和5-25%的FHC-227ca。
■25-90%(优选25-50%)的FHC-32,5-60%(优选30-60%)的E-125和5-20%的FHc-245cb。
以下实施例说明本发明,但并不限制发明。
实施例1
表2给出了FHC-32,E-125,和选自FHC-143a,-161,-134a,-152a,-134,-227ea,-227ca和-245cb中的至少一种化合物的不同的三元混合物在大气压下的始沸点(BP)和露点(DP)之间的差别。
                         表2
    32/E-125/A     组合物(重量%)     BP与DP之差(K)
    A=143a     15/10/7510/50/4015/70/1535/60/525/60/1575/20/545/10/45     1,22,84,23,53,80,40,7
    A=161     30/10/605/60/355/90/535/60/520/70/1075/20/550/20/30     3,30,44,42,83,20,31,6
    A=134a     85/10/575/10/1540/40/205/80/1535/60/525/60/1575/20/5     1,53,63,41,73,22,71,4
    A=152a     85/10/575/10/1530/50/205/80/1515/80/535/60/560/30/10     133,71,53,93,22,2
    32/E-125/A     组合物(重量%)     BP与DP之差(K)
    A=134     85/10/535/60/55/90/5     4,242,2
    A=227ea     85/10/560/10/3050/20/305/60/355/90/535/60/530/50/20     0,23,43,41,53,23,32,3
    A=227ca     85/10/560/20/2030/50/205/90/535/60/550/40/10     0,22,33,72,73,51,9
    A=245cb     75/10/1550/30/2035/60/540/50/1050/40/1075/20/5     0,33,643,62,40,5
所指出的数据表明在大气压下温度只有很小的变化并由此证实所研究的混合物具有假共沸特性。
实施例2
本实施例说明本发明的混合物作为制冷剂的应用。它们的热力学特性通过下列条件限定的热力学循环与CFHC-22进行比较:
■冷凝温度43℃
■蒸发温度7℃
■压缩机入口温度18℃
■液体冷却-5K
在这些条件下观察到的本发明不同混合物的热力学特性综述于表3中。
                              表3
    混合物(重量%)     能力*     效率* 冷凝压力(巴)
    32/E-125/143a25/60/1535/60/5 +15+22 -6,6-6,4 21,222,2
    32/E-125/16120/70/1035/60/5 +12+23 -6-6,2 20,522,3
    32/E-125/134a30/50/2025/60/1540/40/2035/60/5 +14+11+21+23 -4,8-5,1-4,9-6,2 20,42021,522,3
    32/E125/152a35/60/5 +20 -5,6 21,6
    32/E-125/13435/60/5 +18 -5,4 21,3
    32/E-125/227ea50/20/3040/40/2030/50/2025/60/15 +26+23+15+11 -6,2-6,4-6,5-6,6 22,722,421,120,5
    32/E-125/227ca50/40/1040/50/1030/50/20 +32+25+14 -6,6-6,5-6,5 23,822,621
    32/E-125/245cb40/50/1050/40/1035/60/550/30/20 +25+33+21+32 -6,7-6,9-6,4-7,3 22,7242224
*相对于CFHC-22

Claims (17)

1、一种假共沸混合物,它含有二氟甲烷(FHC-32)、五氟二甲基醚(E-125)和至少一种选自于1,1,1,2-(或1,1,2,2)四氟乙烷、1,1,1三氟乙烷、1,1-二氟乙烷、氟乙烷、1,1,1,2,3,3,3-(或1,1,1,2,2,3,3-)-七氟丙烷和1,1,1,2,2-五氟丙烷中的化合物。
2、权利要求1的混合物,它含有,按重量计,5-85%FHC-32,5-75%的E-125,和5-80%的1,1,1-三氟乙烷(FHC-143a)。
3、权利要求1的混合物,它含有,按重量计,5-85%的FHC-32,5-90%的E-125和5-60%的氟乙烷(FHC-161)。
4、权利要求1的混合物,它含有,按重量计,5-90%的FHC-32,5-90%的E-125和5-25%的1,1,1,2-四氟乙烷(FHC-134a)或1,1,1,2,2,3,3-七氟丙烷(FHC-227ca)。
5、权利要求1的混合物,它含有,按重量计,5-90%的FHC-32,5-90%的E-125和5-20%的1,1-二氟乙烷(FHC-152a)。
6、权利要求1的混合物,它含有,按重量计,5-90%的FHC-32,8-93%的E-125和2-7%的1,1,2,2-四氟乙烷(FHC-134)。
7、权利要求1的混合物,它含有,按重量计,5-90%的FHC-32,5-90%的E-125和5-35%的1,1,1,2,3,3,3-七氟丙烷(FHC-227ea)。
8、权利要求1的混合物,它含有,按重量计,25-90%的FHC-32,5-60%的E-125和5-20%的FHC-245cb。
9、权利要求2的混合物,它含有,按重量计,15-40%的FHC-32,50-60%的E-125和5-30%的FHC-143a。
10、权利要求3的混合物,它含有,按重量计,20-35%的FHC-32,55-70%的E-125和5-10%的FHC-161。
11、权利要求4的混合物,它含有,按重量计,25-50%FHC-32,30-60%的E-125和5-25%的FHC-134a。
12、权利要求5的混合物,它含有,按重量计,25-40%的FHC-32,50-60%的E-125和5-15%的FHC-152a。
13、权利要求6的混合物,它含有,按重量计,33-50%的FHC-32,42-60%的E-125和2-7%的FHC-134。
14、权利要求7的混合物,它含有,按重量计,25-50%的FHC-32,15-60%的E-125和5-35%的FHC-227ea。
15、权利要求4的混合物,它含有,按重量计,25-50%的FHC-32,25-60%的E-125,和5-25%的FHC-227ca。
16、权利要求3的混合物,它含有,按重量计,25-50%的FHC-32,30-60%的E-125和5-20%的FHC-245cb。
17、权利要求1-16之一的混合物的应用,它作为制冷剂用于制冷或空调。
CN96101956A 1995-04-20 1996-04-16 基于二氟甲烷和五氟二甲基醚的假共沸混合物、及其作为制冷剂的应用 Pending CN1136064A (zh)

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FR9504723A FR2733241B1 (fr) 1995-04-20 1995-04-20 Melanges pseudo-azeotropiques a base de difluoromethane et de pentafluorodimethylether , et leurs applications comme fluides frigorigenes
FR9504723 1995-04-20

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CN1328350C (zh) * 2004-04-05 2007-07-25 天津大学 含有HFC245fa的中高温热泵混合工质
CN104293300A (zh) * 2014-09-09 2015-01-21 西安交通大学 一种替代hcfc-22的混合制冷剂及其制备方法和应用
CN114276784A (zh) * 2021-12-22 2022-04-05 江苏华复保利环保科技有限公司 一种车用三元混合制冷剂及其制备方法和制冷设备

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US6261472B1 (en) * 1996-11-04 2001-07-17 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Azeotrope-like compositions containing fluoroethane
IT1293326B1 (it) * 1997-07-11 1999-02-16 Ausimont Spa Composizioni refrigeranti
KR20020064027A (ko) * 2001-01-31 2002-08-07 한국과학기술연구원 Hcfc-22대체용 냉매 조성물
KR100400345B1 (ko) * 2001-01-31 2003-10-04 한국과학기술연구원 디플루오로메탄과 1,1,1-트리플루오로에탄과1,1-디플루오로에탄을 함유하는 냉매 조성물
KR100400344B1 (ko) * 2001-01-31 2003-10-04 한국과학기술연구원 디플루오로메탄과 1,1,1-트리플루오로에탄과1,1,1,2-테트라플루오로에탄을 함유하는 냉매 조성물
JP5572284B2 (ja) 2007-02-27 2014-08-13 Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 冷凍機油および冷凍機用作動流体組成物
KR101655919B1 (ko) * 2015-10-30 2016-09-08 이광성 신냉매가스 조성물 및 그 제조방법

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1328350C (zh) * 2004-04-05 2007-07-25 天津大学 含有HFC245fa的中高温热泵混合工质
CN104293300A (zh) * 2014-09-09 2015-01-21 西安交通大学 一种替代hcfc-22的混合制冷剂及其制备方法和应用
CN114276784A (zh) * 2021-12-22 2022-04-05 江苏华复保利环保科技有限公司 一种车用三元混合制冷剂及其制备方法和制冷设备

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FR2733241A1 (fr) 1996-10-25
KR960037796A (ko) 1996-11-19
FR2733241B1 (fr) 1997-05-30

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