CN113603539A - Tricyclic organosilicon fertilizer containing hetero-nitrogen silicon and application thereof - Google Patents
Tricyclic organosilicon fertilizer containing hetero-nitrogen silicon and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 18
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 13
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- XBRVPWBNRAPVCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,6,11-trioxa-1-aza-5$l^{3}-silabicyclo[3.3.3]undecane Chemical compound C1CO[Si]2OCCN1CCO2 XBRVPWBNRAPVCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylamine Chemical compound CCN QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- -1 amino, mercapto Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
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- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 150000003947 ethylamines Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 22
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 21
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 description 20
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 19
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 11
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000003516 soil conditioner Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 7
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 230000009418 agronomic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCN WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 3
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- UMVBXBACMIOFDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[Si] Chemical compound [N].[Si] UMVBXBACMIOFDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 240000005979 Hordeum vulgare Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007340 Hordeum vulgare Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004566 IR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010034719 Personality change Diseases 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018557 Si O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003834 intracellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015816 nutrient absorption Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007226 seed germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Inorganic materials [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C11/00—Other nitrogenous fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a silatrane organic silicon fertilizer and application thereof, the organic silicon fertilizer comprises silane substances, silatrane substances and ethylamine substances, the organic silicon fertilizer can be used for improving the accumulation effect of stems, leaves, fruits and seeds of crops on silicon, reducing the enrichment effect of the crops on heavy metals, promoting the growth of the crops and achieving the purpose of increasing the yield, and the organic silicon fertilizer has simple composition, easily obtained raw materials and lower cost, and is beneficial to large-scale popularization and use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an organic silicon-containing fertilizer, in particular to an organic silicon fertilizer containing silatrane substances, and also relates to application of the organic silicon fertilizer in the aspects of quality improvement and synergism of crops, belonging to the technical field of fertilizers.
Background
Along with the rapid development of economy in China, the problem of heavy metal pollution of agricultural soil environment is increasingly prominent. At present, the exceeding rate of the heavy metal point position of soil in cultivated land in China reaches 19.4%, the cultivated land area polluted by heavy metal reaches 2000 ten thousand hectares, the cultivated land area occupies about 1/5 of the total cultivated land area, and the cultivated land area has the tendency of increasing year by year, thereby seriously threatening the grain production and food safety in China.
Silicon is an indispensable element in the growth and development process of crops. In an agricultural ecological system, silicon fertilizer is an important measure for keeping soil nutrition balanced and ensuring high yield of crops. Due to the overuse of quick-acting fertilizers in recent years, the adjustment of agricultural planting structures and the intensive planting of crops, silicon elements in soil are absorbed and taken away by the crops, 50% of cultivated land area in China is short of silicon, and the silicon supply capacity of the soil is weakened. The research shows that: the silicon fertilizer can promote the growth and development of crops, improve the yield of agricultural products, improve the resistance of the crops to heavy metals and the like, adjust the nutrient absorption of the crops, improve the soil, accelerate the soil curing and the like. Therefore, the increased application of silicon fertilizer is particularly important in the growth of crops, the stress resistance and the improvement of soil ecological environment. The silicon fertilizer can be mineral silicon, but the efficiency is relatively low, the organic silicon fertilizer is beneficial to the high-efficiency absorption and utilization of crops, and Russian scientists show through barley seed soaking experiments that: the tricyclic Silatrane organosilicon can effectively improve the Germination rate of seeds (simulation of barrey Seed Germination by micro Aqueous Solutions of Silatrane and creaticin, M.G. Voronkov, et al, Doklady Biological Sciences 404(2005)367 and 369.) due to the special Si → N bond, high silicon content and Biological activity thereof, but until now, no report related to the reduction of heavy metal enrichment of crops by the tricyclic Silatrane organosilicon is found.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the organic silicon fertilizer consisting of silane substances, silatrane substances and ethylamine substances, and the organic silicon fertilizer has the advantages of simple raw material composition, low raw material cost, and the effects of improving silicon accumulation of crops, reducing heavy metal enrichment of crops, promoting crop growth and the like.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the tricyclic organosilicon fertilizer containing nitrogen and silicon in the aspects of quality improvement and synergism of crops, the organosilicon fertilizer can effectively improve the accumulation effect of stems, leaves, fruits and seeds of the crops on silicon, simultaneously reduce the enrichment effect of the crops on heavy metals, has positive effect on the growth of the crops, is convenient to use, can be independently applied by foliar spraying or drip irrigation and the like, can also be cooperatively used with conventional fertilizers, soil conditioners, deep ploughing and the like, and is favorable for popularization and application.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention provides a silatrane organic silicon fertilizer which comprises silane substances, silatrane substances and ethylamine substances;
the silane substance has a structure represented by formula 1:
the silatrane substance has a structure shown in a formula 2:
wherein,
R1is C1～C5Alkyl groups of (a);
R2is methyl, amino, mercapto or hydroxyl;
n is 1 to 5.
The main active ingredient of the tricyclic organosilicon fertilizer containing nitrogen and silicon of the invention is tricyclic organosilicon substance containing nitrogen and silicon, which can be used as a plant growth stimulant and can simply permeate into plants to enhance the metabolism of the plants, the silane substance is mainly used as a regulator and can effectively regulate the processes of hydrolysis, plant absorption and the like of tricyclic organosilicon, the ethylamine substance can participate in the important process of intracellular metabolism and stimulate the growth of the plants, the three substances synergistically play roles in promoting the growth of the plants and enriching silicon, the organosilicon fertilizer can obviously promote the thickening of iron membranes on the root surfaces of the crops, the increase of active silicon in root synsomes (a main transport route of cadmium) can lead to the coprecipitation of heavy metals (cadmium) in silicon, thereby realizing the interception of heavy metals such as cadmium and reducing the enrichment of heavy metals in the crops, and simultaneously, the organosilicon fertilizer can also reduce the content of the heavy metals such as effective cadmium in soil, also can reduce the enrichment of crops on heavy metals such as cadmium and the like to a certain extent.
As a preferable scheme, the tricyclic organosilicon fertilizer containing hetero-nitrogen silicon comprises the following components in percentage by mass: silane-based substance: 0.01 to 38.8 percent; ethylamine substances: 0.01 to 35.4 percent; silatrane species: and (4) the balance. As a further preferable scheme, the tricyclic organosilicon fertilizer containing hetero-nitrogen silicon comprises the following components in percentage by mass: silane-based substance: 5% -20%; ethylamine substances: 2% -17%; silatrane species: and (4) the balance. The proportion of the silane substance, the silatrane substance and the ethylamine substance needs to be coordinated, the silatrane substance is used as a main component for providing active silicon, the content of the active silicon is determined by the dosage proportion, the silane substance and the ethylamine substance play an auxiliary role, the growth of crops and the absorption of the active silicon are promoted, and the dosage proportion is relatively low.
As a preferred embodiment, the ethylamine includes at least one of ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, amine acetate, amine diacetate, and amine triacetate.
The invention also provides application of the tricyclic organosilicon fertilizer containing silicon nitrogen, which is applied to quality improvement and synergism of crops.
As a preferable scheme, the tricyclic organosilicon fertilizer containing nitrogen and silicon is applied as the organosilicon fertilizer with the functions of reducing the heavy metal enrichment of crops, improving the silicon accumulation of the crops and promoting the growth of the crops.
As a preferred scheme, the organic silicon fertilizer can be applied by foliar spraying or drip irrigation.
The silatrane substances can be synthesized by the following method:
prepared according to the existing literature (J.K. purify, R.Singh, V.K. Chahal, Silatranes: a review on the pair Synthesis, structure, reactivity and applications, Chem Soc Rev 40(2011) 1791-: in a 250mL three-necked flask with mechanical stirring, 25mL of aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 16.8mL of triethanolamine and 30mg of NaOH were added to 100mL of toluene, respectively, and heated under reflux at 110 ℃ for 24h under a nitrogen atmosphere. After it had cooled to room temperature, the resulting solution was added dropwise to n-pentane, and a white crystalline product appeared at the bottom of the flask. After filtration, 3 recrystallizations were carried out with chloroform and acetonitrile. The product was rotary evaporated for 6 hours by rotary evaporator. And finally, drying for 12 hours in a vacuum drying oven at 50 ℃ to obtain the silatrane.
② in the presence of triethylamine, the aminopropyl silatrane and the chloro-substituted substance directly react to produce the modified silatrane substance.
Thirdly, in the toluene solution, the aminopropyl triethoxysilane is modified by using chloro-type substances to obtain corresponding functionalized silane intermediate products, and then the intermediate products and triethanolamine are subjected to esterification reaction according to the conditions to generate modified silicon-nitrogen-containing tricyclic substances.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
(1) the organic silicon fertilizer provided by the invention is simple in composition, mainly comprises three components of silane substances, silatrane substances and ethylamine substances, and has the advantages of easily available raw materials and low cost.
(2) The organic silicon fertilizer provided by the invention has the functions of reducing the enrichment of crops on heavy metals, improving the silicon accumulation of crops and promoting the growth of crops, can reduce the enrichment effect of crops on the heavy metals, simultaneously improves the silicon accumulation effect of plant stems, leaves and seeds, and promotes the growth of crops to achieve the effect of increasing the yield, for example, after the organic silicon fertilizer is used for a heavy metal polluted tobacco field, the plant height, the stem circumference, the effective leaf number and the like of the characters of a tobacco plant are obviously different, the tobacco yield can be improved by 5-15%, and the heavy metal content in tobacco leaves can be reduced by 3-20%.
(3) The organic silicon fertilizer provided by the invention is convenient to use, can be applied in a foliar fertilizer spraying or drip irrigation mode, and the like, has a remarkable foliar fertilizer spraying or drip irrigation effect, and can be used in combination with conventional fertilization, a soil conditioner, deep ploughing and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an infrared spectrum of the silatrane compound of example 1.
FIG. 2 is the NMR H spectrum of the tricyclic heteroazasilicon species of example 1.
FIG. 3 is the NMR spectrum C of the silatrane compound of example 1.
Detailed Description
The following specific examples are intended to further illustrate the present disclosure, but not to limit the scope of the claims.
Example 1
1) The synthetic method of the silatrane substances comprises the following steps:
[ 25mL of aminopropyltriethoxysilane (A), 16.8mL of triethanolamine and 30mg of NaOH were added to 100mL of toluene in a 250mL three-necked flask with mechanical stirring, respectively, and heated under reflux at 110 ℃ for 24 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere. After it had cooled to room temperature, the resulting solution was added dropwise to n-pentane, and a white crystalline product appeared at the bottom of the flask. After filtration, 3 recrystallizations were carried out with chloroform and acetonitrile. The product was rotary evaporated for 6 hours by rotary evaporator. Finally, drying for 12h in a vacuum drying oven at 50 ℃ to obtain the silatrane (B).
The infrared spectrogram of the silatrane substances is shown in figure 1 and is at 552cm-1The site is a characteristic peak of a valence bond Si → N, and the characteristic peak is specific to the silatrane substance. And is at 753cm-1And 919cm-1Is a characteristic peak of Si-O-CH at 1056cm-1Is a characteristic peak of Si-O at 1237cm-1Is a characteristic peak of C-N at 1416cm-1Is characterized by a C-H bending vibration characteristic peak at 2921cm-1Is represented by CH2Asymmetric stretching vibration characteristic peak. Nuclear magnetic resonanceThe H spectrum is shown in FIG. 2, which is deuterated chloroform at 7.26ppm, a large amount of active hydrogen at 4.23ppm, a ratio of 6:6 at 3.12ppm and 3.81ppm, and a peak type ddd form which is O-CH of silatrane2-CH2Position of-N structure, N-CH at 3.12ppm2Structure, CH at 3.81ppm2-O structure. The NMR spectrum C is shown in FIG. 3, except that 77.16ppm is deuterated chloroform, 56.9ppm is N-CH2Structure, CH at 57.9ppm2-O structure.
The synthesized silatrane substances are characterized by infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). The results show that: the data of each nmr are consistent, and the resulting characteristic peaks, structures and elemental compositions all indicate successful synthesis of the final product.
2) The formula of the organic silicon fertilizer comprises the following components:
the concrete components and mass percentage are as follows:
wherein R is1Is ethyl, R2Is amino, n is 3.
3) Application of organic silicon fertilizer to tobacco quality improvement and synergism
Selecting test field blocks: the tobacco field with certain pollution degree and soil improvement requirement is selected As 1 test field, the area is about 1 mu, the field shape is square and regular, the soil fertility is uniform, the irrigation and drainage are convenient, the soil detection result shows that the pH of the test field is 6.55, the organic matter content is 40.02g/kg, the fast nitrogen content, the fast phosphorus content and the fast potassium content are respectively 55.1mg/kg, 69.1mg/kg and 502.7mg/kg, the total Cd content, the total Pb content, the total Cr content, the total As content and the total Hg content are respectively 3.622mg/kg, 66.8mg/kg, 76.76mg/kg, 53.1mg/kg and 5.0mg/kg, and the effective Cd content is 1.662 mg/kg. Has strong representativeness and typicality in local tobacco fields.
Setting a cell: according to the soil physicochemical property result of the early investigation, different treatment rooms are isolated, and the phenomenon that the water flows in series, rows and columns between cells are irrigated is prevented. The process settings were as follows:
control group: applying fertilizer in a conventional mode (nitrogen fertilizer (urea) 6 kg/mu);
test group 1: mineral-based soil conditioner (registration certificate number: agricultural fertilizer (2019) standard 15264 number, see example 1 in ZL 201610589686.1) 500 kg/mu + conventional fertilization (nitrogen fertilizer (urea) 6 kg/mu);
experimental group 2: 500 kg/mu of mineral-based soil conditioner (registration certificate number: agricultural fertilizer (2019) No. 15264, see example 1 in ZL 201610589686.1) and 1% of organic silicon fertilizer are subjected to foliar fertilizer spraying and conventional fertilization;
experimental group 3: a mineral-based soil conditioner (registration certificate number: agricultural fertilizer (2019) No. 15264 with a standard character, see example 1 in ZL 201610589686.1) 500 kg/mu + 1% of organic silicon fertilizer foliar fertilizer spraying + deep ploughing 40cm + conventional fertilization (nitrogen fertilizer (urea) 6 kg/mu);
cell area 79.8m2(8.4 m.times.9.5 m). All test cells are arranged in random blocks, repeated for 3 times, and protected areas are set in field tests. Other cultivation modes are determined according to local habits and cultivation varieties, and the same field is kept consistent.
And (3) test results:
the agronomic characters: the changes of agronomic characters in the late stage of the tobacco mass and the late stage of vigorous growth of each treated tobacco are shown in table 1. The agronomic character change of the tobacco mass in the later stage of each treatment can be seen that 500 kg/mu of the mineral-based soil conditioner in the test group 3, 1% of organic silicon foliar fertilizer spraying, 40cm of deep ploughing and conventional fertilization are the maximum values in leaf length, leaf width, stem circumference and effective leaf number, the plant height is obviously different from that of the control group, and the plant height is increased by 18.09%; the leaf length and the leaf width have no obvious difference among treatments; the thickest stem circumference is the test group 3, which has obvious difference compared with the control, and the stem circumference is thickened by 16.16%; the highest effective leaf number is the test group 3, which has obvious difference compared with the control group, and 1.13 leaves are added. Compared with the colony period, the agronomic character differentiation between treatments is more obvious in the growth-promoting later period, and the effect of the test group 3 is most obvious.
Analyzing economic benefit: as can be seen from Table 2, the yield and the output value of the test group are higher than those of the control group, and the application of the mineral-based soil conditioner can be seen to improve the yield and the economic value of the tobacco; the highest yield is test group 3, and the yield is increased by 11.36%; the highest output value is the test group 3, the output value is increased by 17.70 percent compared with the control group, and the output value of the test group 2 are both increased, which indicates that the tobacco output value can be improved by deep ploughing and applying foliar silicon fertilizer.
Thirdly, analyzing the content of effective cadmium in soil: as can be seen from Table 3, the soil effective cadmium content of the test group is lower than that of the control group, and the effective cadmium of the tobacco soil is reduced by applying the mineral-based soil conditioner and the organic silicon; the test group 3 with the highest cadmium reduction rate reduces cadmium by 40.09%.
Analyzing heavy metal cadmium in tobacco leaves: as can be seen from Table 4, compared with the control group, the cadmium content in the tobacco leaves of the three test groups is greatly reduced, the amplitude reduction range is (8.11-36.19)%, the upper, middle and lower leaves of the test group 3 are respectively reduced by 36.19%, 25.98% and 20.19%, and the effect is quite remarkable.
TABLE 1 analysis of agronomic traits of each treated tobacco in the agglomeration stage and the vigorous growth stage
TABLE 2 analysis of the economic benefit of each treated tobacco
TABLE 3 analysis of the content of cadmium in the soil from each treated tobacco
| Effective cadmium content (mg/kg) | Reduction of cadmium rate(％) | |
| |
1.25 | 11.35 |
| Test group 2 | 1.11 | 21.70 |
| |
0.85 | 40.09 |
| Control | 1.41 | / |
TABLE 4 analysis of cadmium content in upper, middle and lower leaves of each treated tobacco
The main conclusion is that: the organic silicon has obvious effects of improving the quality and increasing the efficiency of tobacco and reducing heavy metal, the experiment group 3 of the mineral-based soil conditioner, spraying the organic silicon leaf fertilizer, deep ploughing and conventional fertilization have obvious differences from the control on plant characters, the plant height, the stem circumference, the number of effective leaves and the like are all obviously different from the control, the yield and the output value obtained by measuring yield data are highest, the yield can be improved by (5-15)%, the effective cadmium in the soil is reduced by 40.09%, the cadmium content in the lower, middle and upper tobacco leaves is obviously reduced, and can be generally reduced by (8-35)%. In addition, in the aspect of reducing the enrichment effect of crops on heavy metals, the organic silicon fertilizer can also be used in combination with conventional fertilization, a soil conditioner, deep ploughing and the like.
Claims (7)
1. A tricyclic organosilicon fertilizer containing hetero-nitrogen silicon is characterized in that: including silanes, silatranes and ethylamines;
the silane substance has a structure represented by formula 1:
the silatrane substance has a structure shown in a formula 2:
wherein,
R1is C1～C5Alkyl groups of (a);
R2is methyl, amino, mercapto or hydroxyl;
n is 1 to 5.
2. The tricyclic nitrogen-containing organosilicon fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein: comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
silane-based substance: 0.01 to 38.8 percent;
ethylamine substances: 0.01 to 35.4 percent;
silatrane species: and (4) the balance.
3. The tricyclic nitrogen-containing organosilicon fertilizer as claimed in claim 2, wherein: comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
silane-based substance: 5% -20%;
ethylamine substances: 2% -17%;
silatrane species: and (4) the balance.
4. The tricyclic nitrogen-containing organosilicon fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the ethylamine substances comprise at least one of ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, amine acetate, amine diacetate and amine triacetate.
5. The application of the tricyclic organosilicon fertilizer containing hetero-nitrogen as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized in that: the method is applied to quality improvement and synergism of crops.
6. The application of the tricyclic organosilicon fertilizer containing hetero-nitrogen silicon as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the organic silicon fertilizer is applied as an organic silicon fertilizer which has the functions of reducing the enrichment of crops on heavy metals, improving the accumulation of crops on silicon and promoting the growth of crops.
7. The application of the tricyclic organosilicon fertilizer containing hetero-nitrogen silicon as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the organic silicon fertilizer is applied by foliar spraying or drip irrigation.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106748248A (en) * | 2017-01-08 | 2017-05-31 | 天津市绿亨化工有限公司 | A kind of efficiently volume increase water soluble fertilizer |
| CN109232078A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2019-01-18 | 上海必增生物科技有限公司 | A kind of organosilicon biological composition and its application method |
| CN112293428A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-02-02 | 辽宁山水益农科技有限公司 | Synergistic composition containing organic silicon plant growth regulator |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106748248A (en) * | 2017-01-08 | 2017-05-31 | 天津市绿亨化工有限公司 | A kind of efficiently volume increase water soluble fertilizer |
| CN109232078A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2019-01-18 | 上海必增生物科技有限公司 | A kind of organosilicon biological composition and its application method |
| CN112293428A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-02-02 | 辽宁山水益农科技有限公司 | Synergistic composition containing organic silicon plant growth regulator |
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