CN113597996A

CN113597996A - Corn two-proportion two-space fallow cultivation method and deep-loosening ridging intertillage weeding plough

Info

Publication number: CN113597996A
Application number: CN202110987591.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张证乔; 高荣; 孙斌; 刘国安; 高淑红; 李守哲; 彭维献
Original assignee: Harbin Hongzeyuan Agricultural Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Harbin Hongzeyuan Agricultural Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-08-26
Filing date: 2021-08-26
Publication date: 2021-11-05

Abstract

A corn two-space-two-proportion two-space fallow crop rotation cultivation method and a deep-loosening ridging intertillage weeding plough. The invention comprises the following steps: the hole sowing of the first and second corn plants is carried out in a hole mode, the second plant and the third plant are planted in a hole mode, the second row and the third row are empty, 50% of fallow cultivation can be carried out on the cultivated land 50% of the year, and the first plant and the third plant are alternately planted in two years. Through one-year fallow of the empty ridges and straw returning to the field to be changed into chemical fertilizer, the cultivated land quality of the black land can be restored, and the black land can be permanently used for planting. And secondly, planting the corns in a second space to a second space, so that the borderline effect of each row of corns can be achieved, the high photosynthetic efficiency and permeability of the corns can be realized, the yield can be increased, the weight can be reduced, and the fertilizer can be saved by 50%. The air plough can plough and weed in 6-7 months without herbicide, and can save surface water by deeply loosening and ridging the ploughed ridges in 8 months. The intertillage plough comprises a main beam and side beams, wherein the main beam is provided with three main plough bodies, two deep-loosening weeders, traveling wheels, a suspension traction frame and the like. Can be used for deep scarification and ridging of fallow ridges. The double-side door beam and the auxiliary plough body can be used for weeding in the air for corn with two proportions and two proportions.

Description

Corn two-proportion two-space fallow cultivation method and deep-loosening ridging intertillage weeding plough

Technical Field

The invention relates to a corn two-to-two-empty cultivation method and cultivation equipment, and belongs to the technical field of corn planting.

Background

The corn is a main cultivated variety for planting crops in Heilongjiang province, the seeding area of the corn in the 2016 year province reaches 7000 mu, and the proportion of the seeding area of the corn in the Heilongjiang province reaches 48 percent. The development of corn production in Heilongjiang province is closely related to the innovation of corn planting technology.

At present, a traditional small-ridge single-plant planting mode is mostly adopted for planting corns, the planting density is often required to be improved for improving the corn yield, and large-area high-density planting can cause severe shading, poor illumination, poor ventilation and reduced photosynthetic efficiency, so that the corn growth and poor fructification are caused; in addition, the phenomenon that fruit grains are not full due to the fact that nutrient competition is caused due to the fact that planting density is too high can be caused.

The black soil is the most precious soil resource, only Ukrainian, Missippi river basin and northeast China in the world have distribution, the black soil area has fertile soil, is suitable for cultivation, is rainy and hot in the same season, and is a 'world granary'. The northeast black soil region is an important grain production region in China, and soil organic matters decline and soil plough layer structures are gradually deteriorated due to heavy use and light culture for many years. At present, corn in Heilongjiang province is almost continuously planted, the continuous cropping obstacle of the corn causes unbalance of soil nutrients and surface water resources, the soil structure is damaged, and the sustainable reproduction of the corn is not facilitated. In order to improve the corn yield, a large amount of chemical fertilizer is applied to soil in the corn planting process, so that soil acidification and environmental pollution are caused, the soil structure is damaged, the soil is hardened, and even the agricultural cultivation value is lost.

In addition, the corn needs to be subjected to deep scarification, ridging and intertillage weeding in the production process, the land becomes looser through intertillage, and a good growth condition is provided for the corn.

Therefore, based on the above statement, there is a need to provide a planting method that can both protect black land and increase corn yield.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving the above problems. The following presents a simplified summary of the invention in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the invention. It should be understood that this summary is not an exhaustive overview of the invention. It is not intended to determine the key or critical elements of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

the corn second-to-second space fallow alternate cultivation method comprises the following steps:

firstly, land preparation and ridging: clearing straws, weeds and sundries on the surface of soil, and carrying out deep scarification and ridging by adopting a deep scarification and ridging intertillage weeding plough;

secondly, hole sowing and fertilizing: a two-to-two-empty planting method is adopted, namely two ridges are planted and two ridges are empty; performing hole sowing by adopting a corn hole sowing machine, wherein each hole sowing machine is used for sowing two plants, the average hole distance between two adjacent holes on the same sowing ridge is 30cm or 33cm, the holes on the 2 rows of sowing ridges are in parallel and synchronous correspondence during sowing, and 3000 plus 3300 plants are sowed per mu, namely 1500 plus 1650 holes;

applying fertilizer at one time during hole sowing, wherein the fertilizer is applied to a position 7-8cm below the side of the sowed corn seeds;

thirdly, harvesting: harvesting by adopting a corn harvester and crushing corn straws, wherein crushed corn straw scraps directly cover the ridge surface of the harvested ridge;

fourthly, returning the straws to the field and cultivating the land: stirring the corn straw scraps, the corn stubbles and the soil by using a stubble cleaning machine, and returning the mixture to the field, wherein the stirring depth is 15-20 cm; returning the straws to the field and then entering a fallow land cultivation stage; when two-to-two hole sowing is carried out in the next year, the seeds are sowed on the empty ridges in the previous year, the straws are returned to the field and enter a fallow cultivation field for one year in the previous year, secondary deep-loosening ridging intertillage weeding plows are carried out in 6-7 months, deep-loosening ridging is carried out in 8 months, all field seeking grass and grass seeds are eliminated, surface water is preserved, and the corns planted in the next year can be protected without sitting water.

Preferably: in the land preparation and ridging, the rotary tillage depth of the rotary cultivator is 20 cm.

Preferably: in the field returning of straws and the field cultivation of fallow cultivation, the stubble cleaner is a double-row stubble cleaner which is used for the field returning of straws in the two-to-two-empty planting method.

Two empty fallow wheel planting cultivation in corn are with dark pine ridging intertillage weeding plough include the crossbeam and install "door shape" side roof beam in the crossbeam both sides, install three main plough mechanism on the crossbeam, install vice plough mechanism on the side roof beam, install the draw beam on the crossbeam, the crossbeam passes through the draw beam and establishes the installation relation with agricultural machine's traction frame, install two running gear on the crossbeam, running gear is used for the auxiliary stay walking.

Preferably: the crossbeam is square pipe, the welding has the extension pipe on the side roof beam, and the extension pipe inserts installs in the crossbeam still process two mounting holes on the crossbeam to at two mounting hole department welding side roof beam fastening nut, install side roof beam fastening bolt in the side roof beam fastening nut.

Preferably: the main plough mechanism comprises a main plough support, a main furrow plough mounting seat and a U-shaped bolt, a right-angle notch is machined at the front end of the main plough support, an angle steel is welded at the notch, the main furrow plough mounting seat is welded at the rear end of the main plough support, the main furrow plough is mounted in the main furrow plough mounting seat, a main plough mounting through hole is machined on the main plough support, the U-shaped bolt is mounted in the main plough mounting through hole, and the main plough support is fixed on the beam through the U-shaped bolt.

Preferably: the auxiliary plough mechanism comprises an auxiliary plough support, an auxiliary furrow plough and an auxiliary furrow plough mounting seat, one end of the auxiliary plough support is welded on the side edge beam, the other end of the auxiliary plough support is welded with the auxiliary furrow plough mounting seat, and the auxiliary furrow plough is mounted in the auxiliary furrow plough mounting seat.

Preferably: the walking mechanism comprises a walking support, a walking support mounting seat, a bearing seat and walking wheels, the walking support mounting seat is welded on the cross beam, the walking support is mounted in the walking support mounting seat, the bottom of the walking support is fixedly provided with the bearing seat, and the walking wheels are mounted in the bearing seat through rotating shafts and bearings.

Preferably: a plurality of circular pillars in a circular array are welded on the outer side wall of the travelling wheel.

Preferably: the utility model discloses a draw beam, including draw beam, first installation piece, second installation piece, bolt nut component, second installation piece, the one end processing of draw beam has the right angle breach, and the welding has first installation piece in right angle breach department, and the welding of the other end of draw beam has the installation pivot, and the draw beam leans on the crossbeam through first installation piece top, and with first installation piece corresponding second installation piece in addition, the second installation piece also leans on the crossbeam to install bolt nut component on first installation piece and second installation piece, make the draw beam fix on the crossbeam.

Preferably: still include weeding mechanism, weeding mechanism's quantity is two, weeding mechanism installs on the crossbeam, and weeding mechanism includes subsoiler plough, subsoiler plough mount pad and weeding sword, and subsoiler plough mount pad welded mounting is on the crossbeam, and subsoiler plough is installed in subsoiler plough mount pad, the bottom welding of subsoiler plough has the weeding sword of two symmetry settings.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the corn cultivation technology of 'two-to-two-hollow' can enable all the crushed straws collected by a corn machine to cover the surfaces of two rows of planted ridges, return the straws to the field, combine with corn planting ridges in the next year for fallow, and naturally rot after the straws are subjected to rotary tillage and soil mixing, so that the straws are converted into organic fertilizers, and therefore, the soil fertility can be further improved, and the soil is loosened. The corn is planted in the next year, and planted on two empty ridges of the corn fallow in the previous year, so that the influence of the fact that the corn cannot be planted after the corn is crushed and returned to the field is avoided.

2. The space distance of the outer edge of each row of corns can reach 195 cm through the 'two-space-to-two-space' fallow and alternate cultivation of the corns, the distance can enable the corns to achieve ventilation and light transmission with high lighting effect, and the edge row advantages of the corns are achieved. The side rows of the corn and the middle rows of the corn planting are compared (the fertilization is consistent and the field management is consistent) for many years, the side rows of the corn show excellent growth, the corn is short stalk 10%, the rainfall is more than 5%, the corn cob is greatly increased in yield, the maximum yield increase amplitude can be more than 1 time, and the moisture content of the corn particles is effectively reduced.

The comparison shows that the edge row advantage of the corn is equal to the conventional corn planting principle that the yield of the corn can be increased under the condition of the same fertilizer amount. Therefore, the edge row dominant cultivation of the second-to-second-empty corn can be realized, and the corn planting can reduce 40-50% of the using amount of the chemical fertilizer.

3. The innovative corn is cultivated in a mode of two-space-two-ratio mode, when the height of the corn reaches 1 m, the weeding plough can be deeply loosened and ridged, and the weeding plough is not limited by the height of the corn.

The corn intertillage can loosen the soil and eliminate the weeds in the field, but when the corn plants grow to 60 centimeters high, the motor vehicle cannot enter the farmland to intertillage. The cultivation of corn in two proportion and two space solves the problem of deep scarification, ridging, intertillage and weeding plough when the corn is high stalk. When the corn is intertillage, the motor vehicle runs on two rows of empty ridges with two rows of corns in a two-to-two ratio mode, the middle ridge of the two rows of corns adopts a gantry type intertillage plough, the height of the upper beam of the plough body is improved, when the corn is innovative and the corn is high stalk, the plough for ridging, intertillage and weeding can be loosened deeply, and the use of a corn herbicide can be avoided.

4. The cultivation of corn in 'two-to-two-empty' mode can be innovatively used for making the autumn soil preparation and the autumn ridge formation in August every year. Aiming at the empty ridges of corn with two-row space and two-row space, a two-row deep-loosening ridging intertillage weeding plough is adopted to carry out autumn ridging when the grass seeds of the empty ridges are not grown in August every year, and the innovative advantages of autumn ridging at the moment are three points, namely 1 and August autumn ridging can completely eliminate field weeds and the grown grass seeds, so that the field weeds for planting corn in the next year are less, and the use of a weed-closing agent can be avoided by gradually implementing the method in successive years. The pollution of the herbicide is avoided; 2. the surface water of cultivated land is preserved and is not lost, and the problem that the corn can be planted in spring without water is solved; 3. the land preparation and ridging in autumn in August is just the slack season, and the pressure of land preparation in autumn when harvesting is busy can be relieved by land preparation in autumn.

5. The invention relates to a corn two-to-two-space fallow and rotation cultivation deep-loosening ridging weeding plough, which can meet the cultivation requirement of corn two-to-two-space cultivation, when the height of corn reaches 1 m, corn pearls in the growth process can be effectively avoided by using the device, and the corn pearls are prevented from being scraped and scratched.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a subsoiling, ridging, intertilling, weeding plow for corn two-space-two-space fallow rotation cultivation;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the installation of the cross beam and the side beams;

FIG. 3 is a first perspective view of the main plow mechanism;

FIG. 4 is a second perspective view of the main plow mechanism;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the U-bolt;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the secondary plow mechanism;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the travel mechanism;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the draft sill;

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the weeding mechanism;

in the figure, 1-beam, 2-side beam, 3-main plough mechanism, 4-auxiliary plough mechanism, 5-draw beam, 6-running mechanism, 7-extension pipe, 8-side beam fastening nut, 9-side beam fastening bolt, 10-main plough bracket, 11-main plough, 12-main plough mount, 13-U bolt, 14-angle steel, 15-main plough mounting through hole, 16-auxiliary plough bracket, 17-auxiliary plough, 18-auxiliary plough mount, 19-running bracket, 20-running bracket mount, 21-bearing seat, 22-running wheel, 23-rotating shaft, 24-round pillar, 25-first mounting plate, 26-mounting rotating shaft, 27-second mounting plate, 28-weeding mechanism, 29-subsoiling plough, 30-subsoiling plough mounting seat and 31-weeding knife.

Detailed Description

In order that the objects, aspects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent, the invention will be described by way of example only, and in connection with the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that such description is merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present invention.

The connection mentioned in the present invention is divided into a fixed connection and a detachable connection, the fixed connection (i.e. the non-detachable connection) includes but is not limited to a folding connection, a rivet connection, an adhesive connection, a welding connection, and other conventional fixed connection methods, the detachable connection includes but is not limited to a screw connection, a snap connection, a pin connection, a hinge connection, and other conventional detachment methods, when the specific connection method is not clearly defined, the function can be realized by always finding at least one connection method from the existing connection methods by default, and a person skilled in the art can select the connection method according to needs. For example: the fixed connection selects welding connection, and the detachable connection selects hinge connection.

The first embodiment is as follows:

the embodiment provides a corn planting synchronous bilateral transparent two-to-two-space fallow alternate cultivation method, which comprises the following steps:

secondly, hole sowing and fertilizing: a two-to-two-empty planting method is adopted, namely two ridges are planted and two ridges are empty; performing hole sowing by adopting a corn hole sowing machine, wherein each hole sowing machine is used for sowing two plants, the average hole distance between two adjacent holes on the same sowing ridge is 30cm or 33cm, the holes on 2 rows of sowing ridges are in parallel and synchronous correspondence during sowing, and 3000 plus 3300 plants are sowed per mu; 1500 + 1650 holes.

fourthly, returning the straws to the field and cultivating the land: stirring the corn straw scraps, the corn stubbles and the soil by using a stubble cleaning machine, and returning the mixture to the field, wherein the stirring depth is 15-20 cm; returning the straws to the field and then entering a fallow land cultivation stage; when two-to-two hole sowing is carried out in the next year, the seeds are sown on the empty ridges in the previous year, and the straws are returned to the field in the last year and enter the fallow cultivation field for one year. Weeding is required to be carried out in combination with weeding during fallow, consultation tillage and weeding are carried out for 2 parts in 6-7 parts, ridge forming is carried out in autumn or deep scarification and ridge forming in 8 months, field weeds and grass seeds are completely eliminated, surface water is stored, the purpose that corn planted in the next year can be planted without sitting water and can be preserved soil moisture is achieved, and deep scarification and ridge forming are carried out on fallow land by adopting a deep scarification and ridge forming intertill weeding plough 45 days before harvesting corn sowed in the next year so as to prepare for planting corn in the next year.

At present, 20-30% of the total cultivated land area is taken out to be cultivated (cultivated) every year in the United states in order to protect the cultivated land quality. In our country, the fallow (non-planting) area of the rice in Heilongjiang province is 50.8 ten thousand mu in 2021 by the rural part of agriculture. The area of the test point for fallow and rotation in the dry farmland is 1247.4 ten thousand mu (the test point is used for changing the seeds of soybeans and other varieties in the corn field). The two pairs of protection black land only occupies 5% of the cultivated land area, and the corn two-space-two-space fallow rotation (two-year-one rotation) fallow and planting adopted by the embodiment are carried out synchronously, so that the implementation of 100% of the corn planting area in the early field can be achieved, the cultivated land quality of the black land is protected, and the fertilizer usage amount is reduced by 40-50%.

In the present embodiment, a test was conducted using a two-to-two-empty planting method to illustrate the superiority of using this planting method;

the test field of the corn second-to-second space fallow and rotation cultivation technology has the following production measuring conditions:

the technical content of the test area is that standard ridges of 65cm are adopted, a 2 BY-2 corn hill planter (the planter is ZL201610694141.7) is used for planting, plants are planted in one hole, the distance between the holes is 30cm, and a double-row hill planting synchronization technology is adopted to plant two empty ridges.

And (3) fertilizing, namely fertilizing 35 kilograms (10 kilograms of diammonium phosphate, 10 kilograms of urea and 15 kilograms of slow-release fertilizer) per mu of fertilizer, applying the fertilizer to 50 percent of planting ridges in a depth measuring mode at one time, and applying no fertilizer to 50 percent of empty ridges with two proportions to two.

And in contrast, standard ridges of 65cm are adopted, conventional single-plant sowing is carried out, and the plant spacing is 30 cm.

Fertilizing, namely fertilizing 60 kilograms per mu (15 kilograms of diammonium phosphate and 20 kilograms of urea).

And 25 kilograms of urea is used as a top dressing.

The test area and the comparison variety are Jilin nong Da 988, the plants are planted in the same land, the field management is consistent, the ridge distance is 65cm, and the planting density is 3420.

And (3) measuring yield, namely measuring yield by taking 3 points in each area and taking 20 square meters in each point, and performing real cutting, threshing and yield measurement. The average yield per mu of the treatment area is 803.8 kilograms/mu (including empty ridges) by measuring the yield. The average yield per mu of the control area is 775.9 kilograms per mu, and the yield is increased by 27.9 kilograms and 3.6 percent compared with the average yield per mu. The yield is calculated according to the water content of 14% (the water content of the seeds in the treatment area is 36.5%, the water content of the seeds in the control area is 42.3%, and the contrast precipitation is 5.8%).

The production testing group considers that the corn two-to-two-space fallow alternate cultivation technology is inheritance and development of the wide-narrow row double-plant vertical and horizontal transparent high-yield cultivation technology of corn, not only maintains the technical content of bidirectional transparency, but also increases the technical content of combination of planting and fallow cultivation land. The advantages of this technique are as follows

1. The second-row corn-to-second-empty fallow rotation planting is just planting two-ridge empty and two-ridge, each ridge for planting the corn can achieve the edge row advantage of the corn, the corn can be ventilated and transparent, the effect is high, the formation of large ears of the corn is facilitated, and the improvement of the corn yield is facilitated.

2. The cultivation technology can realize 50% ridge planting of corn, 50% ridge fallow and one-crop-two-year cultivation, is favorable for restoring the fertility of the soil of the empty ridge, and protects the planting of the black land with the cultivation quality capable of being used forever.

3. The method can realize the full coverage and returning of the crushed corn straws to the field, and combines the one-year fallow of the empty ridges to ensure that the crushed corn straws are mixed with soil to naturally rot and are converted into organic fertilizer, thereby achieving the effects of fertilizing the land, supplementing and balancing the organic nutrients of the soil and improving the plough layer structure.

4. Realize the weight-losing without reducing the yield. The technology has the advantages of concentrated fertilizer, small loss and high fertilizer utilization rate. Meanwhile, due to the improvement of 'double-side through' and 'side-row dominance' field arrangement, ventilation and light transmission, the photosynthetic efficiency of crops is enhanced, and 40% of fertilizer is saved in the year (no fertilizer is applied to the dragon).

5. The method improves the autumn soil preparation and ridging in August in a second-to-second-empty corn cultivation mode every year, and has three innovative benefits that the autumn soil preparation in August fully utilizes the slack season in August, and the pressure of busy autumn harvesting is slowly saved. Secondly, the surface water of the cultivated land is preserved and not lost, and the problem that the corn can be planted in spring without water is solved. And thirdly, annual weeds in the field can be effectively eliminated, the use of a weed killer can be avoided by gradually implementing the weed killer in successive years, and the pollution to cultivated land is avoided.

The second embodiment is as follows:

the embodiment is described by combining with figures 1-9, the corn two-space-two-ratio fallow cultivation deep-loosening ridging intertillage weeding plough comprises a beam 1 and a door-shaped side beam 2 arranged at both sides of the beam 1, three main plough mechanisms 3 are arranged on the beam 1, auxiliary plough mechanisms 4 are arranged on the side beams 2, the crossbeam 1 is provided with a traction beam 5, the crossbeam 1 establishes an installation relation with a traction frame of the agricultural machine through the traction beam 5, the beam is provided with two traveling mechanisms 6, the traveling mechanisms 6 are used for assisting in supporting and traveling, the beam 1 is provided with two traveling mechanisms 6, the main plough mechanism 3 arranged on the beam 1 and the auxiliary plough mechanism 4 arranged on the side beam 2 are arranged at equal intervals, and the main plough mechanism 3 and the auxiliary plough mechanism 4 can adapt to farmlands with the same ridge spacing to realize the purpose of intertillage. So set up, three main plough mechanism 3 is even to be arranged and install on crossbeam 1, and every two main plough mechanism 3's interval distance is the same, and when using this rotary cultivator, establish the installation with the traction beam 5 and agricultural tractor's traction frame/mounted frame, utilize agricultural tractor to pull whole rotary cultivator and walk in the field, when ploughing, main plough mechanism 3 and vice plough mechanism 4 simultaneously act on the soil, realize ploughing. The side edge beam 2 adopts a door-shaped structure, so that corn seedlings can be avoided, and the corn seedlings are prevented from being injured when the corn seedlings are ploughed.

In addition, the corn two-space-two-space fallow tillage and rotation cultivation deep-loosening ridging intertillage weeding plough can realize two purposes of one machine:

1. when ridging is carried out, the side beams 2 are dismantled, and ridging work is realized by using three main plough mechanisms 3 arranged on the cross beam 1;

2. when the cultivation is carried out, two side boundary beams 2 are arranged on two sides of the cross beam 1 to form a cultivation plough, two empty ridges are cultivated by using the three main plough mechanisms 3, and two ridges for planting corn are cultivated by using the upper auxiliary plough mechanisms 4 of the side boundary beams 2.

The third concrete implementation mode:

the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1-9, the corn two-space-two-ratio fallow rotation cultivation deep-loosening ridging intertillage weeding plough, the beam 1 is a square tube, the side beam 2 is welded with the extension tube 7, the extension tube 7 is inserted into and installed in the beam 1, two installation holes are further processed on the beam 1, the side beam fastening nuts 8 are welded at the two installation holes, and the side beam fastening bolts 9 are installed in the side beam fastening nuts 8. The position of the extension pipe 7 in the cross beam 1 is limited by screwing the side beam fastening bolt 9, and then the installation of the side beam 2 and the cross beam 1 is realized, so that the relative position of the auxiliary plough mechanism 4 on the side beam 2 relative to the main plough mechanism 3 on the cross beam 1 is adjusted by adjusting the installation position of the side beam 2 in the cross beam 1 before ploughing, and the ploughing requirements of different ridge intervals are met.

The fourth concrete implementation mode:

the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 9, the corn two-space-two-ratio fallow tillage and rotation cultivation deep-loosening ridging intertillage weeding plough, the main plough mechanism 3 comprises a main plough support 10, a main furrow plough 11, a main furrow plough mounting seat 12 and a U-shaped bolt 13, a right-angle notch is processed at the front end of the main plough support 10, an angle steel 14 is welded at the notch, the main furrow plough mounting seat 12 is welded at the rear end of the main plough support 10, the main furrow plough 11 is mounted in the main furrow plough mounting seat 12, a main plough mounting through hole 15 is processed on the main plough support 10, the U-shaped bolt 13 is mounted in the main plough mounting through hole 15, and the main plough support 10 is fixed on the beam 1 through the U-shaped bolt 13. So set up, through the mounted position of adjustment U-shaped bolt 13 on crossbeam 1, can realize adjusting the relative position of three main plough mechanism 3 to satisfy the arable land demand of different ridge intervals.

The fifth concrete implementation mode:

in the present embodiment, the two-space-two-ratio corn fallow crop rotation deep-loosening ridging intertillage weeding plough is described with reference to fig. 1-9, the secondary plough mechanism 4 comprises a secondary plough bracket 16, a secondary furrow plough 17 and a secondary furrow plough mounting seat 18, one end of the secondary plough bracket 16 is welded on the side edge beam 2, the other end of the secondary plough bracket 16 is welded with the secondary furrow plough mounting seat 18, and the secondary furrow plough 17 is mounted in the secondary furrow plough mounting seat 18. The auxiliary furrow plough mounting seat 18 is provided with an adjusting nut, an adjusting bolt is mounted in the adjusting nut, the position of the auxiliary furrow plough 17 in the auxiliary furrow plough mounting seat 18 is extruded through the adjusting bolt, the mounting of the auxiliary furrow plough 17 is realized, and in addition, the mounting height of the auxiliary furrow plough 17 in the auxiliary furrow plough mounting seat 18 can be adjusted through the adjusting bolt so as to meet the requirements of different ploughing depths.

The sixth specific implementation mode:

the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 9, the walking mechanism 6 includes a walking bracket 19, a walking bracket mounting seat 20, a bearing seat 21 and a walking wheel 22, the walking bracket mounting seat 20 is welded on the beam 1, the walking bracket 19 is mounted in the walking bracket mounting seat 20, the bottom of the walking bracket 19 is fixedly mounted with the bearing seat 21, and the walking wheel 22 is mounted in the bearing seat 21 through a rotating shaft 23 and a bearing. A plurality of circular pillars 24 in a circular array are welded on the outer side wall of the travelling wheel 22. So set up, when the rotary cultivator walked in the field, the walking wheel 22 through running gear 6 supported whole equipment for this equipment can walk smoothly in the field, and welded round pillar 24 on walking wheel 22 in addition, round pillar 24 can improve the area of contact and the contact effect of grabbing ground of walking wheel 22 and ground, avoids rolling the inefficacy at muddy field walking wheel 22, leads to its function that can not realize supplementary walking.

The seventh embodiment:

the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 9, the corn-second-ratio-two-space-fallow rotation cultivation deep-loosening ridging intertillage weeding plough, a right-angle notch is processed at one end of the towing beam 5, a first mounting piece 25 is welded at the right-angle notch, a mounting rotating shaft 26 is welded at the other end of the towing beam 5, the towing beam 5 abuts against the cross beam 1 through the first mounting piece 25, a second mounting piece 27 is arranged corresponding to the first mounting piece 25, the second mounting piece 27 also abuts against the cross beam 1, and bolt and nut assemblies are arranged on the first mounting piece 25 and the second mounting piece 27, so that the towing beam 5 is fixed on the cross beam 1.

The specific implementation mode is eight:

the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1-9, the corn two-space-two-ratio fallow crop rotation deep-loosening ridging intertillage weeding plough further comprises two weeding mechanisms 28, the number of the weeding mechanisms 28 is two, the weeding mechanisms 28 are mounted on the beam 1, each weeding mechanism 28 comprises a deep-loosening plough 29, a deep-loosening plough mounting seat 30 and a weeding knife 31, the deep-loosening plough mounting seats 30 are mounted on the beam 1 in a welded mode, the deep-loosening plough 29 is mounted in the deep-loosening plough mounting seats 30, and the two weeding knives 31 which are symmetrically arranged are welded at the bottom of the deep-loosening plough 29. The two welded weeding knives 31 form a wing shape. So set up, when carrying out two than two empty arable lands, weeding mechanism 28 on crossbeam 1 acts on two ridges not planted, because do not plant the maize on these two ridges, easily grows weeds in summer, consequently adopts weeding knife 31 of weeding mechanism 28 can effectively eradicate weeds when ploughing.

Specifically, when the deep loosening plough 29 extends 18-20cm below the bottom surface of the empty ridge and the weeding knife 31 penetrates 7-8cm into the soil, the weeding knife 31 cuts the root of the weed, and weeding operation is realized.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the orientation words such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc. are usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and in the case of not making a reverse description, these orientation words do not indicate and imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore, should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention; the terms "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the respective component itself.

Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of this application and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein.

It should be noted that, in the above embodiments, as long as the technical solutions can be aligned and combined without contradiction, those skilled in the art can exhaust all possibilities according to the mathematical knowledge of the alignment and combination, and therefore, the present invention does not describe the technical solutions after alignment and combination one by one, but it should be understood that the technical solutions after alignment and combination have been disclosed by the present invention.

This embodiment is only illustrative of the patent and does not limit the scope of protection thereof, and those skilled in the art can make modifications to its part without departing from the spirit of the patent.

Claims

1. The corn two-space-two-space fallow alternate cultivation method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

firstly, clearing straws, weeds and sundries on the surface of soil, and deeply loosening and ridging by adopting a deeply loosening and ridging intertillage weeding plough;

step two, a two-to-two-empty planting method is adopted, namely two ridges are planted in an empty mode, a corn hill planter is adopted for carrying out hill planting, two plants are planted in each hill, the average hill distance between two adjacent holes on the same planting ridge is 30cm or 33cm, the acupuncture points on the two rows of planting ridges are in parallel and synchronous correspondence during planting, and 3000 plus 3300 plants are planted in each mu; 1500 + 1650 holes.

Step three, applying fertilizer at one time during hole sowing, wherein the fertilizer is applied to a position 7-8cm below the side of the sowed corn seeds;

step four, harvesting by adopting a corn harvester and crushing corn straws, wherein crushed corn straw scraps directly cover the ridge surface of the harvested ridge;

step five, stirring the corn straw scraps, the corn stubbles and the soil by using a stubble cleaning machine, and returning the mixture to the field, wherein the stirring depth is 15-20 cm; returning the straws to the field and then entering a fallow land cultivation stage; when two-to-two hole sowing is carried out in the next year, the seeds are sown on the empty ridges in the last year, and the fields without returning the straws to the field enter the fallow cultivation fields for one year in the last autumn. The method comprises the following steps: in combination with weeding during fallow, in 6-7 months, 2 times of intertillage weeding is carried out, and in 8 months, two-to-two empty ridges are subjected to deep loosening and ridging.

2. The corn two-in-two space-fallow rotation cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the first step, the rotary tillage depth of the rotary cultivator is 20 cm.

3. The corn two-in-two space-fallow rotation cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and step five, the stubble cleaner is a double-row stubble cleaner which is used for returning the straws to the field in the two-to-two-empty planting method.

4. Maize two than two empty fallow cultivation crop rotation cultivation dark pine ridging intertillage plough, its characterized in that: including crossbeam (1) and install "door shape" side boundary beam (2) in crossbeam (1) both sides, install three main plough mechanism (3) on crossbeam (1), install vice plough mechanism (4) on side boundary beam (2), install towing beam (5) on crossbeam (1), crossbeam (1) establishes the erection joint through towing beam (5) and agricultural machine's traction frame, install two running gear (6) on crossbeam (1), install main plough mechanism (3) on crossbeam (1) and install vice plough mechanism (4) equidistant arrangement on side boundary beam (2).

5. The corn two-proportion two-space fallow tillage cultivating deep-loosening ridging intertillage weeding plough according to claim 4, wherein: crossbeam (1) is square pipe, the welding has extension pipe (7) on side roof beam (2), and extension pipe (7) are inserted and are installed in crossbeam (1) still process two mounting holes on crossbeam (1) to at two mounting hole department welding side roof beam fastening nut (8), install side roof beam fastening bolt (9) in side roof beam fastening nut (8).

6. The corn two-proportion two-space fallow tillage cultivating deep-loosening ridging intertillage weeding plough according to claim 4, wherein: the main plough mechanism (3) comprises a main plough support (10), a main furrow plough (11), a main furrow plough mounting seat (12) and a U-shaped bolt (13), a right-angle notch is machined at the front end of the main plough support (10), an angle steel (14) is welded at the notch, the main furrow plough mounting seat (12) is welded at the rear end of the main plough support (10), the main furrow plough (11) is installed in the main furrow plough mounting seat (12), a main plough mounting through hole (15) is machined on the main plough support (10), the U-shaped bolt (13) is installed in the main plough mounting through hole (15), and the main plough support (10) is fixed on the beam (1) through the U-shaped bolt (13).

7. The corn two-proportion two-space fallow tillage cultivating deep-loosening ridging intertillage weeding plough according to claim 4, wherein: the auxiliary plough mechanism (4) comprises an auxiliary plough support (16), an auxiliary furrow plough (17) and an auxiliary furrow plough mounting seat (18), one end of the auxiliary plough support (16) is welded on the side edge beam (2), the other end of the auxiliary plough support (16) is welded with the auxiliary furrow plough mounting seat (18), and the auxiliary furrow plough (17) is mounted in the auxiliary furrow plough mounting seat (18).

8. The corn two-proportion two-space fallow tillage cultivating deep-loosening ridging intertillage weeding plough according to claim 4, wherein: running gear (6) are including walking support (19), walking support mount pad (20), bearing frame (21) and walking wheel (22), walking support mount pad (20) welded mounting is on crossbeam (1), and install in walking support mount pad (20) walking support (19), the bottom fixed mounting of walking support (19) has bearing frame (21), walking wheel (22) are installed in bearing frame (21) through pivot (23) and bearing.

9. The corn two-space-two-space fallow tillage cultivating deep-loosening ridging intertillage weeding plough according to claim 8, wherein: a plurality of circular array circular pillars (24) are welded on the outer side wall of the travelling wheel (22).

10. The corn two-proportion two-space fallow tillage cultivating deep-loosening ridging intertillage weeding plough according to claim 4, wherein: the one end processing of draw beam (5) has the right angle breach, the welding has first installation piece (25) in right angle breach department, the other end welding of draw beam (5) has installation pivot (26), draw beam (5) are leaned on crossbeam (1) through first installation piece (25) top, with first installation piece (25) corresponding second installation piece (27) in addition, second installation piece (27) also push up and lean on crossbeam (1) to installation bolt nut component on first installation piece (25) and second installation piece (27), make draw beam (5) fix on crossbeam (1).