CN113567265B - Concrete bending moment testing device and testing method thereof - Google Patents
Concrete bending moment testing device and testing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113567265B CN113567265B CN202110834314.1A CN202110834314A CN113567265B CN 113567265 B CN113567265 B CN 113567265B CN 202110834314 A CN202110834314 A CN 202110834314A CN 113567265 B CN113567265 B CN 113567265B
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 84
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004484 Briquette Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/20—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady bending forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0023—Bending
Abstract
The invention discloses a concrete bending moment testing device and a testing method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of concrete performance testing. The invention relates to a concrete bending moment testing device which comprises a frame, an oil tank, a damping telescopic rod, a supporting rod, a hydraulic rod and a pressing block, wherein the damping telescopic rod is arranged on the frame; the testing method comprises the following steps: the concrete test piece is placed at the tops of the damping telescopic rod and the supporting rod, and the hydraulic rod applies loading force to enable the damping telescopic rod to generate compression and lock, so that measurement is facilitated. The device has simple structure and ingenious conception, the compression amount of the damping telescopic rod at the moment of the fracture moment of the concrete test piece is determined by adopting the damping telescopic rod to be matched with the supporting rod and the self-locking part, and meanwhile, the fracture limit of the concrete block subjected to the maximum bending moment can be comprehensively judged according to the loading force of the hydraulic rod; or before the concrete block is broken, judging the magnitude of the bending moment born by the concrete block at the moment according to the loading force of the hydraulic rod and the compression amount of the damping telescopic rod, and the measuring method is simple and convenient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of concrete performance testing, and particularly relates to a concrete bending moment testing device and a testing method thereof.
Background
The bending moment is one of the internal moments on the cross section of the force-receiving member. The colloquial expression bending moment is a moment. Stated another way, the moment required for bending, the lower portion is pulled positive (upper portion is compressed) and the upper portion is pulled negative (lower portion is compressed). Its criteria are defined as: and the total moment of the internal force system is distributed perpendicularly to the cross section. The calculation formula m=θ·ei/L, θ rotation angle, EI rotation rigidity, and effective calculation length of L rod.
At present, a bending moment testing device for concrete is lacked in the prior art, and measurement is difficult and inconvenient. Although some related research documents for determining the stress state of concrete by utilizing the ultrasonic wave velocity have been published at home and abroad, the methods have feasibility only when the compressive stress is within the range of 30% -40% of the ultimate compressive strength due to the nonlinear material characteristics of the concrete.
Through searching, patent documents related to determining the stress state of concrete by using ultrasonic wave velocity have been disclosed, for example, chinese patent application No.: 202010096660.X, filing date: 18 months 2020, the invention is named: a method for measuring the working bending moment of a reinforced concrete pure bending beam based on wave velocity and crack width. In the application, two positions of a concrete compression side are detected by arranging 2 ultrasonic transducers, the two positions of a concrete tension side are detected by 2 ultrasonic transducers, and the distance between the 2 ultrasonic transducers on the compression side is equal to the distance between the two ultrasonic transducers on the tension side; deducing an acoustic elasticity coefficient and a 0 stress wave velocity through a concrete acoustic elasticity theory and a site loading method; calculating the stress of a concrete compression area by utilizing an acoustic elasticity theory; deriving the stress of the steel bar according to the crack width-stress correlation theory; and obtaining the bending moment of the pure bent beam through a synthetic method. The solution of this application can be used to prepare for measuring bending moment, but the lack of a device for applying load to the pure reinforced concrete bending beam in this application results in the problem of inconvenience in measuring the working bending moment of the pure reinforced concrete bending beam.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Problems to be solved
Aiming at the defects that a practical and convenient concrete bending moment testing device is lacked in the prior art and the measuring process is inconvenient, the invention provides the concrete bending moment testing device and the testing method thereof. The technical scheme of the invention can effectively solve the problems, and the device has the advantages of simple structure, ingenious design, simple and convenient test method and can effectively measure the bending moment born by the concrete block to be tested.
2. Technical proposal
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention relates to a concrete bending moment testing device which comprises a frame, driving equipment, a first damping telescopic rod, a second damping telescopic rod, a supporting rod and a self-locking part, wherein the driving equipment is arranged on the frame; wherein:
the driving equipment is arranged above the frame and is used for applying load to the concrete test piece;
the first damping telescopic rod, the second damping telescopic rod and the supporting rod are all arranged on the bottom plate at the inner side of the frame, and the first damping telescopic rod and the second damping telescopic rod are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the supporting rod; the supporting rod is arranged in the center of the bottom plate of the frame through a guide rod;
the self-locking part is arranged between the support rod and the bottom of the frame and comprises a triangular sharp block, a first sliding mechanism and a second sliding mechanism, wherein the first sliding mechanism and the second sliding mechanism are arranged on two sides of the triangular sharp block; and the first sliding mechanism and the second sliding mechanism are respectively provided with a sliding hole in sliding fit with the end part of the triangular tip block, the first sliding mechanism is matched with the triangular tip block to control the expansion and contraction of the first damping expansion link and lock the expansion and contraction amount of the first damping expansion link, and the second sliding mechanism is matched with the triangular tip block to control the expansion and contraction of the second damping expansion link and lock the expansion and contraction amount of the second damping expansion link.
Further, the device also comprises an oil tank, a first communicating pipe and a second communicating pipe, wherein the oil tank is arranged at the bottom of the outer side of the frame; the first damping telescopic rod is communicated with the oil tank through a first communication pipe, a first valve rod is arranged on the first communication pipe, and the first valve rod is connected with the first sliding mechanism; the second damping telescopic rod is communicated with the oil tank through a second communicating pipe, a second valve rod is arranged on the second communicating pipe, and the second valve rod is connected with the second sliding mechanism.
Further, the first valve rod is connected with the first sliding mechanism through a first flange, a first spring is sleeved on the first valve rod, and two ends of the first spring are respectively connected with the first flange and the first communication pipe; the second valve rod is connected with the second sliding mechanism through a second flange, a second spring is sleeved on the second valve rod, and two ends of the second spring are respectively connected with the second flange and the second communicating pipe.
Furthermore, the first sliding mechanism and the second sliding mechanism are both processed into a T-shaped structure and are arranged in the installation cavity at the bottom of the frame in a horizontal direction in a distributed manner, wherein one end of the first sliding mechanism is connected with the first flange, the other end of the first sliding mechanism is penetrated and processed with a first sliding hole, and the inner side wall of the first sliding hole is processed with an inclined plane matched with the triangular tip block; one end of the second sliding mechanism is connected with the second flange, the other end of the second sliding mechanism is provided with a second sliding hole in a penetrating mode, and the inner side wall of the second sliding hole is provided with an inclined plane matched with the triangular tip block.
Still further, first slide mechanism and second slide mechanism crisscross setting from top to bottom all install in the frame bottom through vertical mounting panel, and processing has the through-hole on the vertical mounting panel, supplies first slide mechanism and second slide mechanism to follow horizontal direction round trip movement.
Still further, the actuating device includes first hydraulic stem, second hydraulic stem, first briquetting and second briquetting, first hydraulic stem, second hydraulic stem are symmetrical to locate the frame top inboard, and the bottom of first hydraulic stem and second hydraulic stem is provided with first briquetting and second briquetting respectively, and the interval between first briquetting and the second briquetting is less than the width of the concrete test piece that awaits measuring.
Further, the bottom surfaces of the first pressing block and the second pressing block are flush.
Further, the top surfaces of the first damping telescopic rod, the second damping telescopic rod and the supporting rod are flush.
The invention relates to a concrete bending moment testing method, which adopts the bending moment testing device to test, and comprises the following steps:
step one, pre-positioning a concrete test piece to be tested;
secondly, applying a load force to the concrete test piece by driving equipment, deforming the concrete test piece below, pressing the support rod downwards, driving the first sliding mechanism and the second sliding mechanism to open the valve for oil feeding, and compressing the first damping telescopic rod and the second damping telescopic rod;
step three, continuously pressurizing the concrete test piece until the top of the support rod is broken, recovering the support rod, and locking the compression amount of the first damping telescopic rod and the second damping telescopic rod by the self-locking component;
and fourthly, measuring compression data of the first damping telescopic rod and the second damping telescopic rod, and calculating the magnitude of the bending moment borne by the concrete test piece to be measured by combining the applied load force.
Furthermore, in the first step, the concrete sample to be tested is placed at the top of the first damping telescopic rod, the second damping telescopic rod and the supporting rod, the first hydraulic rod and the second hydraulic rod are adjusted, the first pressing block and the second pressing block are enabled to descend to the surface of the concrete sample, and the position of the concrete sample is located.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The invention relates to a concrete bending moment testing device which comprises a frame, driving equipment, a first damping telescopic rod, a second damping telescopic rod, a supporting rod and a self-locking component, wherein the driving equipment, the first damping telescopic rod, the second damping telescopic rod, the supporting rod and the self-locking component are arranged on a frame main body. According to the invention, through the optimized design of the integral structure, after the driving equipment is adopted to apply the load force to the concrete test piece, the supporting rod deforms to drive the self-locking component to work, the compression amount of the first damping telescopic rod and the second damping telescopic rod is determined when the concrete test piece breaks at the moment, and finally the maximum bending moment born by the concrete test piece to be measured is comprehensively judged by combining the loading force of the hydraulic rod.
(2) According to the concrete bending moment testing device, the valve rods are arranged on the first damping telescopic rod and the second damping telescopic rod, the valve rods are respectively connected with the first sliding mechanism and the second sliding mechanism, and the triangular tip blocks arranged at the bottoms of the supporting rods are matched, so that the valve opening and closing are effectively realized by arranging the sliding mechanisms, the self-locking of the damping telescopic rods after oil inlet compression is controlled, the compression amount of the damping telescopic rods is conveniently read, and the operation is convenient. Meanwhile, the valve rod is further sleeved with a spring, and the locking can be rapidly completed by utilizing the restoring force of the compressed spring, so that the testing precision is improved, and the practicability is good.
(3) According to the concrete bending moment testing method, the testing device is adopted for measuring, the concrete test piece to be tested is placed on the plane where the first damping telescopic rod, the second damping telescopic rod and the supporting rod are erected, the hydraulic rod is adopted for pre-positioning the concrete test piece, then the load force is applied, the supporting rod moves downwards, the sliding mechanism is pushed to drive the valve to open, after the concrete test piece breaks, the supporting rod moves upwards under the action of the restoring force of the compression spring, the sliding mechanism drives the valve to close, so that the locking of the compression amount of the damping telescopic rod is completed, the subsequent measurement of the compression amount is facilitated, the bending moment is judged, and the whole testing method is simple and convenient in process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a concrete bending moment testing device (containing concrete blocks) of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic overall structure of the concrete bending moment testing device (without concrete blocks);
FIG. 3 is a partial structural cross-sectional view of the concrete bending moment testing apparatus of the present invention (without concrete blocks);
FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of a concrete bending moment testing apparatus of the present invention (containing concrete blocks);
FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at A of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of FIG. 4 at B;
FIG. 7 is a schematic top view of a first sliding mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a first slide mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic top view of a second sliding mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a second slide mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic elevational view of the triangular tip of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic view showing the bottom view of the triangular pointed block according to the present invention.
In the figure:
1. a frame; 2. an oil tank;
3. a first damped telescoping rod; 31. a first communication pipe; 32. a first valve stem; 33. a first flange; 34. a first spring; 35. a first sliding mechanism; 351. a first slide hole;
4. a second damping telescopic rod; 41. a second communicating pipe; 42. a second valve stem; 43. a second flange; 44. a second spring; 45. a second sliding mechanism; 451. a second slide hole;
5. a support rod; 51. a compression spring; 52. triangular sharp blocks;
6. a first hydraulic lever; 7. a second hydraulic lever; 8. a first briquette; 9. a second briquetting; 10. and (3) a concrete test piece.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below in connection with specific embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 12, a concrete bending moment testing device of the present embodiment includes a frame 1, a driving device, a first damping telescopic rod 3, a second damping telescopic rod 4, a supporting rod 5, and a self-locking member. The main body of the frame 1 is of a cube-shaped structure, and a driving device is arranged above the main body and is used for applying load force to the concrete test piece 10. The driving equipment mainly comprises a first hydraulic rod 6, a second hydraulic rod 7, a first pressing block 8 and a second pressing block 9, wherein the first hydraulic rod 6 and the second hydraulic rod 7 are symmetrically hung on the inner side of the top of the frame 1, the bottom ends of the first hydraulic rod 6 and the second hydraulic rod 7 are respectively provided with the first pressing block 8 and the second pressing block 9, the bottom surfaces of the first pressing block 8 and the second pressing block 9 are flush, the distance between the first pressing block 8 and the second pressing block 9 is smaller than the width of a concrete test piece 10 to be tested, and the concrete test piece 10 to be tested is convenient to pre-position and load the load force.
As shown in fig. 1-4, an oil tank 2 is arranged at the bottom of the outer side of the frame 1, a first damping telescopic rod 3, a supporting rod 5 and a second damping telescopic rod 4 are sequentially arranged on the bottom plate of the inner side of the frame 1 from left to right, the first damping telescopic rod 3 and the second damping telescopic rod 4 are mutually symmetrical, and the supporting rod 5 is arranged in the center of the bottom of the inner side of the frame 1. The first damping telescopic rod 3, the second damping telescopic rod 4 and the supporting rod 5 are all arranged on the bottom plate on the inner side of the frame 1, and the first damping telescopic rod 3 and the second damping telescopic rod 4 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the supporting rod 5; the support bar 5 is arranged in the center of the bottom plate of the frame 1 through a guide bar, and can move downwards along the guide bar when receiving pressure. Simultaneously, bracing piece 5 flushes with the top surface of first damping telescopic link 3, second damping telescopic link 4, also is convenient for evenly apply the load force when being convenient for steadily place concrete test piece 10, guarantees the atress homogeneity everywhere of concrete test piece 10 as far as possible.
As shown in fig. 3-6, the self-locking component is installed between the support rod 5 and the bottom of the frame 1, and comprises a triangular sharp block 52, and a first sliding mechanism 35 and a second sliding mechanism 45 which are arranged at two sides of the triangular sharp block 52. The triangular tip block 52 is arranged at the bottom of the supporting rod 5, the lower end part of the triangular tip block 52 is processed into a sharp corner, the triangular tip block is sleeved with the compression spring 51, and the upper end of the triangular tip block is fixedly connected with the supporting rod 5. Meanwhile, a through hole for the penetration of the triangular tip block 52 is formed in the bottom plate on the inner side of the frame 1, and the diameter of the compression spring 51 is larger than that of the through hole, so that when the support rod 52 moves downwards, the compression spring 51 props against the bottom plate on the inner side of the frame 1 to compress, the subsequent concrete test piece 10 is convenient to break, and when the pressure at the top of the support rod 5 disappears, the whole support rod 5 is quickly restored to a state before measurement. In addition, the first sliding mechanism 35 and the second sliding mechanism 45 are respectively provided with a sliding hole in sliding fit with the end part of the triangular tip block 52, the first sliding mechanism 35 is used for controlling the first damping telescopic rod 3 to stretch out and draw back and locking the stretching amount of the first damping telescopic rod, the second sliding mechanism 45 is used for controlling the second damping telescopic rod 4 to stretch out and draw back and locking the stretching amount of the second damping telescopic rod, the compression amount of the damping telescopic rod is conveniently recorded after the test is finished, the bending moment carried by the concrete test piece 10 is calculated, the whole structure is reasonable in design, the conception is ingenious, and compared with the traditional measuring device, the structure is simple, and the measuring operation is greatly simplified.
More preferably, as shown in fig. 5-12, the first damping telescopic rod 3 is communicated with the oil tank 2 through a first communication pipe 31, a first valve rod 32 is arranged on the first communication pipe 31, a first flange 33 is arranged at the right end of the first valve rod 32, a first spring 34 is sleeved on the first valve rod 32, two ends of the first spring 34 are respectively connected with the first flange 33 and the first communication pipe 31, a first sliding mechanism 35 is fixedly connected with the right end of the first flange 33, and a first sliding hole 351 is formed in the first sliding mechanism 35. The second damping telescopic rod 4 is communicated with the oil tank 2 through a second communicating pipe 41, a second valve rod 42 is arranged on the second communicating pipe 41, a second flange 43 is arranged at the first end of the second valve rod 42, a second spring 44 is sleeved on the second valve rod 42, two ends of the second spring 44 are respectively connected with the second flange 43 and the second communicating pipe 41, a second sliding mechanism 45 is fixedly connected with the first end of the second flange 43, and a second sliding hole 451 is formed in the second sliding mechanism 45. Through the arrangement of the first flange 33, the second flange 43, the first spring 34 and the second spring 44, the restoring force after the springs are compressed can be utilized to rapidly complete locking, the testing precision is improved, and the practicability is good.
Meanwhile, the first sliding mechanism 35 and the second sliding mechanism 45 are disposed in a vertically staggered manner, and are mounted at the bottom of the frame 1 through vertical mounting plates (i.e. the bottom of the frame 1 in fig. 5 is processed into a mounting cavity for mounting the self-locking component), and through holes are formed in the vertical mounting plates for the first sliding mechanism 35 and the second sliding mechanism 45 to move back and forth along the horizontal direction. The first sliding mechanism 35 and the second sliding mechanism 45 are both processed into a T-shaped structure and are distributed and installed in an installation cavity at the bottom of the frame 1 along the horizontal direction, wherein one end of the first sliding mechanism 35 is connected with the first flange 33, the other end of the first sliding mechanism is penetrated and processed with a first sliding hole 351, and the inner side wall of the first sliding hole 351 is processed with an inclined plane matched with the triangular sharp block 52; one end of the second sliding mechanism 45 is connected with the second flange 43, the other end of the second sliding mechanism is provided with a second sliding hole 451 in a penetrating way, and the inner side wall of the second sliding hole 451 is provided with an inclined plane matched with the triangular sharp block 52. Through carrying out optimal design to its structure, can realize that slide mechanism drives the valve and open the closure to the auto-lock of control damping telescopic link after the compression of oil feed is convenient for follow-up reading damping telescopic link's compression volume, convenient operation.
The invention relates to a concrete bending moment testing method, which adopts the bending moment testing device to test, and comprises the following steps:
step one, pre-positioning a concrete test piece 10 to be tested; and placing the concrete test piece 10 to be tested on the tops of the first damping telescopic rod 3, the second damping telescopic rod 4 and the supporting rod 5, adjusting the first hydraulic rod 6 and the second hydraulic rod 7, enabling the first pressing block 8 and the second pressing block 9 to descend to the surface of the concrete test piece 10, and positioning the position of the concrete test piece 10.
And secondly, the driving equipment applies load force to the concrete test piece 10, the lower concrete test piece 10 deforms, the supporting rod 5 is pressed downwards to move, the first sliding mechanism 35 and the second sliding mechanism 45 are driven to open the valve to feed oil, and the first damping telescopic rod 3 and the second damping telescopic rod 4 are compressed.
And thirdly, continuously pressurizing the concrete test piece 10 until the top of the supporting rod 5 is broken, recovering the supporting rod 5, and locking the compression amount of the first damping telescopic rod 3 and the second damping telescopic rod 4 by the self-locking component.
And fourthly, measuring compression data of the first damping telescopic rod 3 and the second damping telescopic rod 4, and calculating the bending moment carried by the concrete test piece 10 to be tested by combining the applied load force.
The working principle of the device of the invention is as follows: when pressure exists on the support rod 5, the support rod 5 compresses the support rod spring 51, meanwhile, a triangular tip block 52 at the bottom of the support rod 5 also stretches into the space between the first sliding hole 351 and the second sliding hole 451, the triangular tip block 52 pushes the first sliding mechanism 35 and the second sliding mechanism 45 rightwards and leftwards respectively when stretching into the space between the first sliding hole 351 and the second sliding hole 451, and when the first sliding mechanism 35 moves rightwards, the first valve rod 32 is driven to move rightwards and the first valve rod 32 is opened, and the first damping telescopic rod 3 is communicated with the oil tank 2 through the first communication pipe 31;
when the second sliding mechanism 45 moves leftwards, the second valve rod 42 is driven to move leftwards, the second valve rod 42 is opened, and the second damping telescopic rod 4 is communicated with the oil tank 2 through the second communicating pipe 41;
only when the second damping telescopic rod 4, the first damping telescopic rod 3 and the oil tank 2 are communicated, the second damping telescopic rod 4 and the first damping telescopic rod 3 can be compressed.
When the loading force of the hydraulic rod is large enough, the concrete test piece 10 is broken at the top position of the supporting rod 5, the top of the supporting rod 5 is not stressed when the concrete test piece is broken, the compression spring 51 lifts the supporting rod 5 away from the bottom of the inner side of the frame 1 again, meanwhile, the triangular sharp block 52 is pulled out of the first sliding hole 351 and the second sliding hole 451, when the triangular sharp block 52 is pulled out of the first sliding hole 351 and the second sliding hole 451, the first valve rod 32 and the second valve rod 42 are pulled leftwards and rightwards respectively by the first spring 34 and the second spring 44, so that the first communication pipe 31 and the second communication pipe 41 are closed again by the first valve rod 32 and the second valve rod 42, and when the second damping telescopic rod 4, the first damping telescopic rod 3 and the oil tank 2 are not communicated, the second damping telescopic rod 4 and the first damping telescopic rod 3 cannot be compressed.
When the bending moment measurement is carried out, the mixed block 10 is placed on the first damping telescopic rod 3, the second damping telescopic rod 4 and the supporting rod 5 and leveled, then the first hydraulic rod 6 and the second hydraulic rod 7 are pressurized, the left end and the right end of the top of the concrete block 10 are respectively pressurized through the first pressing block 8 and the second pressing block 9, and in the pressurizing process, when the left side and the right side of the bottom of the concrete block 10 compress the first damping telescopic rod 3 and the second damping telescopic rod 4 downwards, whether the bending moment born by the concrete block 10 corresponds to the deformation can be calculated according to the compression quantity of the first damping telescopic rod 3 and the second damping telescopic rod 4 and the loading force of the hydraulic rods.
When the maximum bending moment breaking limit measurement is carried out, the loading force of the hydraulic rod is always increased until the concrete block 10 breaks, the supporting rod 5 is lifted away from the bottom of the inner side of the frame 1 by the compression spring 51 at the moment of breaking the concrete block 10, the first damping telescopic rod 3 and the second damping telescopic rod 4 are in a locking state so as to be convenient for measuring the compression amount, and meanwhile, the last loading force of the hydraulic rod is reserved for calculating the breaking limit of the concrete block 10.
In summary, the damping telescopic rod is matched with the supporting rod 5 and the self-locking component thereof to determine the compression amount of the damping telescopic rod when the standard concrete test piece 10 is broken, and meanwhile, the breaking limit of the maximum bending moment born by the concrete block can be comprehensively judged according to the loading force of the hydraulic rod, so that the bending moment born by the concrete block at the moment is judged according to the loading force of the hydraulic rod and the compression amount of the damping telescopic rod before the concrete block is broken.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. The concrete bending moment testing device is characterized by comprising a frame (1), driving equipment, a first damping telescopic rod (3), a second damping telescopic rod (4), a supporting rod (5) and a self-locking component; wherein:
the driving equipment is arranged above the frame (1) and is used for applying load to the concrete test piece (10);
the first damping telescopic rod (3), the second damping telescopic rod (4) and the supporting rod (5) are all arranged on the bottom plate at the inner side of the frame (1), and the first damping telescopic rod (3) and the second damping telescopic rod (4) are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the supporting rod (5); the supporting rod (5) is arranged in the center of the bottom plate of the frame (1) through a guide rod;
the self-locking part is arranged between the support rod (5) and the bottom of the frame (1) and comprises a triangular sharp block (52), a first sliding mechanism (35) and a second sliding mechanism (45) which are arranged on two sides of the triangular sharp block (52), the triangular sharp block (52) is arranged at the bottom of the support rod (5), a compression spring (51) is sleeved on the triangular sharp block, and the upper end of the compression spring (51) is fixedly connected with the support rod (5); the first sliding mechanism (35) and the second sliding mechanism (45) are respectively provided with a sliding hole in sliding fit with the end part of the triangular tip block (52), the first sliding mechanism (35) is matched with the triangular tip block (52) and is used for controlling the first damping telescopic rod (3) to stretch and lock the stretching amount of the first damping telescopic rod, and the second sliding mechanism (45) is matched with the triangular tip block (52) and is used for controlling the second damping telescopic rod (4) to stretch and lock the stretching amount of the second damping telescopic rod;
the device further comprises an oil tank (2), a first communicating pipe (31) and a second communicating pipe (41), wherein the oil tank (2) is arranged at the bottom of the outer side of the frame (1); the first damping telescopic rod (3) is communicated with the oil tank (2) through a first communication pipe (31), a first valve rod (32) is arranged on the first communication pipe (31), and the first valve rod (32) is connected with a first sliding mechanism (35); the second damping telescopic rod (4) is communicated with the oil tank (2) through a second communicating pipe (41), a second valve rod (42) is arranged on the second communicating pipe (41), and the second valve rod (42) is connected with a second sliding mechanism (45);
the first valve rod (32) is connected with the first sliding mechanism (35) through a first flange (33), a first spring (34) is sleeved on the first valve rod (32), and two ends of the first spring (34) are respectively connected with the first flange (33) and the first communication pipe (31); the second valve rod (42) is connected with the second sliding mechanism (45) through a second flange (43), a second spring (44) is sleeved on the second valve rod (42), and two ends of the second spring (44) are respectively connected with the second flange (43) and the second communicating pipe (41);
the first sliding mechanism (35) and the second sliding mechanism (45) are both processed into a T-shaped structure and are arranged in a mounting cavity at the bottom of the frame (1) in a horizontal direction in a distributed manner, wherein one end of the first sliding mechanism (35) is connected with the first flange (33), the other end of the first sliding mechanism is provided with a first sliding hole (351) in a penetrating manner, and the inner side wall of the first sliding hole (351) is provided with an inclined plane matched with the triangular sharp block (52); one end of the second sliding mechanism (45) is connected with the second flange (43), the other end of the second sliding mechanism is provided with a second sliding hole (451) in a penetrating way, and the inner side wall of the second sliding hole (451) is provided with an inclined plane matched with the triangular sharp block (52);
the first sliding mechanisms (35) and the second sliding mechanisms (45) are arranged in a vertically staggered mode, are all installed at the bottom of the frame (1) through vertical installation plates, and through holes are formed in the vertical installation plates for the first sliding mechanisms (35) and the second sliding mechanisms (45) to move back and forth along the horizontal direction.
2. A concrete bending moment testing device according to claim 1, wherein: the driving equipment comprises a first hydraulic rod (6), a second hydraulic rod (7), a first pressing block (8) and a second pressing block (9), wherein the first hydraulic rod (6) and the second hydraulic rod (7) are symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the top of the frame (1), the bottoms of the first hydraulic rod (6) and the second hydraulic rod (7) are respectively provided with the first pressing block (8) and the second pressing block (9), and the distance between the first pressing block (8) and the second pressing block (9) is smaller than the width of a concrete test piece (10) to be tested.
3. A concrete bending moment testing device according to claim 2, wherein: the bottoms of the first pressing block (8) and the second pressing block (9) are flush.
4. A concrete bending moment testing device according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein: the top surfaces of the first damping telescopic rod (3), the second damping telescopic rod (4) and the supporting rod (5) are flush.
5. A concrete bending moment testing method is characterized in that: a test using the bending moment testing device according to any one of claims 1-4, comprising the steps of:
step one, pre-positioning a concrete test piece (10) to be tested;
secondly, applying a load force to the concrete test piece (10) by driving equipment, deforming the concrete test piece (10) below, pressing the support rod (5) downwards to drive the first sliding mechanism (35) and the second sliding mechanism (45) to open a valve for oil feeding, and compressing the first damping telescopic rod (3) and the second damping telescopic rod (4);
step three, continuously pressurizing the concrete test piece (10) until the top of the supporting rod (5) is broken, recovering the supporting rod (5), and locking the compression amount of the first damping telescopic rod (3) and the second damping telescopic rod (4) by the self-locking component;
and fourthly, measuring compression data of the first damping telescopic rod (3) and the second damping telescopic rod (4), and calculating the magnitude of the bending moment borne by the concrete test piece (10) to be measured by combining the applied load force.
6. The method for testing the bending moment of the concrete according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: in the first step, a concrete test piece (10) to be tested is placed at the tops of a first damping telescopic rod (3), a second damping telescopic rod (4) and a supporting rod (5), and a first hydraulic rod (6) and a second hydraulic rod (7) are adjusted, so that a first pressing block (8) and a second pressing block (9) are lowered to the surface of the concrete test piece (10), and the position of the concrete test piece (10) is located.
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| CN109457714A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-03-12 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | It can adapt to the prestress anchorage cable anchor pier structure of country rock large deformation |
| CN109556968A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-04-02 | 南昌大学 | A kind of concrete is held to carry and be set and its test method |
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| CN108318338A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-07-24 | 塔里木大学 | A kind of device and method of test stretching and cyclic bending concrete durability |
| CN109556968A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-04-02 | 南昌大学 | A kind of concrete is held to carry and be set and its test method |
| CN109457714A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-03-12 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | It can adapt to the prestress anchorage cable anchor pier structure of country rock large deformation |
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