CN110646343B - Confining pressure adjustable anchor rod test piece uplift resistance test device and method - Google Patents
Confining pressure adjustable anchor rod test piece uplift resistance test device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110646343B CN110646343B CN201910828596.7A CN201910828596A CN110646343B CN 110646343 B CN110646343 B CN 110646343B CN 201910828596 A CN201910828596 A CN 201910828596A CN 110646343 B CN110646343 B CN 110646343B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a confining pressure adjustable anchor rod test piece uplift force test device and a confining pressure adjustable anchor rod test piece uplift force test method, which solve the problem that an anchor rod uplift force test device in the prior art can only apply unidirectional confining pressure or bidirectional confining pressure with the same size, and the scheme is as follows: a confining pressure adjustable anchor rod test piece uplift force test device comprises a confining pressure applying mechanism, wherein the confining pressure applying mechanism comprises supporting plates which can be arranged on the peripheral sides of an anchor rod test piece, supporting columns are arranged between every two adjacent supporting plates, two supporting columns on each side surface of the anchor rod test piece are connected with the supporting plates on the side surface through connecting pieces, and the connecting pieces can adjust the confining pressure applied to the anchor rod test piece so as to realize confining pressures with different or the same size on the two adjacent sides of the anchor rod test piece; the anchor rod test piece clamping mechanism comprises a frame body for supporting the confining pressure applying mechanism and the anchor rod test piece, the top of the frame body is provided with a pull rod, and the bottom of the frame body is provided with an opening for a steel bar to pass through; the tension applying mechanism can be respectively and independently connected with the pull rod and the steel bar penetrating through the open hole.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of anchor rod tensile strength tests, in particular to a confining pressure adjustable anchor rod test piece pullout resistance test device and method.
Background
The laboratory anchor rod withdrawal resistance test is used as an important research means for researching anchor rods, and the main aim is to obtain the ultimate withdrawal resistance and the distribution rule of interface shear stress. In the traditional test process, a jack is often only adopted to apply unidirectional confining pressure or a liquid pressurizing device is adopted to apply confining pressure with the same magnitude in two main stress directions, so that the working condition of the anchor rod in the actual stratum can not be really simulated (the surrounding pressure of the periphery of the anchor rod is different in most cases), the shearing damage is not the main form of anchor rod damage, and correspondingly obtained data are not accurate enough; in addition, the existing device has the problems that the tension value and the displacement value of the anchor rod reinforcing steel bar need to be recorded manually, the recording is inconvenient, and large errors exist.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the anchor rod test piece uplift force test device with adjustable confining pressure, the structure is small in occupied volume, the whole anchor rod test piece can be subjected to confining pressure application with different or same lateral parts, and the actual working condition in the stratum is met.
The concrete scheme of a confining pressure adjustable anchor rod test piece uplift force test device is as follows:
the utility model provides a confined pressure adjustable stock test piece withdrawal resistance test device, includes:
the confining pressure applying mechanism comprises supporting plates which can be arranged on the peripheral side of the anchor rod test piece, a supporting column is arranged between every two adjacent supporting plates, two supporting columns on each side surface of the anchor rod test piece are connected with the supporting plates on the side surface through connecting pieces, the connecting pieces on the two adjacent side surfaces are mutually vertical, the connecting pieces can adjust the confining pressure applied to the anchor rod test piece, and the connecting pieces on each side surface of the anchor rod test piece are mutually independent, so that the confining pressures with different or the same size can be realized on the two adjacent sides of the anchor rod test piece;
the anchor rod test piece clamping mechanism comprises a frame body for supporting the confining pressure applying mechanism and the anchor rod test piece, the top of the frame body is provided with a pull rod, and the bottom of the frame body is provided with an opening for the steel bar of the anchor rod test piece to pass through;
the tension applying mechanism can be respectively and independently connected with the pull rod and the steel bar penetrating through the open hole.
Foretell testing device, the stock test piece includes mortar block and reinforcing bar, the mortar block is the cuboid, reinforcing bar one end anchor is in the mortar block, and the side contact all around of mechanism and mortar block is applyed to the confining pressure, the mortar block of stock test piece is arranged in simulating the soil body or the rock mass of stock anchor in the existing situation, reinforcing bar simulation stock, confining pressure is applyed the mechanism and can be realized different or the same size confining pressure to the adjacent both sides of stock test piece through the connecting piece, stock test piece fixture supports the stock test piece, the pulling force is applyed the mechanism and is applyed the pulling force to the stock reinforcing bar to be convenient for, in order to test.
Further, for the installation of mechanism is applyed in the convenient confined pressure, also guarantee the stability to stock test piece block, the confined pressure is applyed in the mechanism fagging and support column and is constituted a hollow cuboid, and the length of each fagging is less than the width of the corresponding side of stock test piece, and the stock test piece is rectangular shape usually, and the support column inboard is equipped with L type concave surface like this in order to cooperate with the stock test piece, can guarantee like this that the confined pressure is applyed the inseparable laminating of mechanism and stock test piece.
Furthermore, the connecting piece is a screw rod, the screw rod penetrates through the support column, the support plate and the other support column in sequence in each side face of the anchor rod test piece, nuts are arranged at two ends of the screw rod respectively, a gasket is arranged between the nut and the side face of the support column, and the adjustment of confining pressure is realized through the adjustment of the nut relative to the position of the screw rod.
Furthermore, in order to avoid the mutual interference of the screw rods, each support column is provided with 4 through holes, wherein 2 through holes penetrate through one vertical surface, the other 2 through holes penetrate through the other vertical surface, the through holes on the two adjacent side surfaces of the support column are arranged in a staggered manner, namely from top to bottom, the two adjacent through holes of the support column are vertically arranged, and the inner side of the support plate is also provided with 2 through holes for the screw rods to pass through.
Furthermore, in order to determine the applied magnitude of the confining pressure, stress strain gauges are installed on the inner sides of the supporting plates, the stress strain gauges are arranged on the inner sides of the two adjacent supporting plates, and the stress strain gauges are connected with a computer.
Furthermore, in order to facilitate the installation of the stress strain gauge, a clamping groove for arranging the stress strain gauge is formed in the inner side of the supporting plate, and the depth of the clamping groove is smaller than the thickness of the stress strain gauge.
Further, stock test piece fixture's framework is horizontal triangular prism framework, and open one side of framework has the draw bar hole, the pull rod pass the draw bar hole setting, the pull rod bottom is equipped with spacing button head, the size of spacing button head is greater than the size of draw bar hole, the width of stock test piece fixture suits with the width that the confined pressure exerted the mechanism with the stock test piece. In order to adapt to the size of the anchor rod test piece, the width of the anchor rod test piece clamping mechanism is adjustable, the bottom surface of the specific frame body and the two sides of the top of the specific frame body are respectively provided with a sliding rod, the side part of the frame body is provided with a sliding groove, and the size of the frame body is matched with the size of the anchor rod test piece through the matching of the sliding rod sliding grooves.
Further, in order to better support the confining pressure applying mechanism and the anchor rod test piece, the bottom side of the triangular prism frame body is provided with a bottom surface, and the opening is formed in the center of the bottom surface.
Furthermore, the tension applying mechanism is an electro-hydraulic servo press machine, the electro-hydraulic servo press machine can automatically record a tension value and a displacement value, the tension value and an anchor rod steel bar displacement value can be automatically recorded, and errors of manual measurement are reduced. The electro-hydraulic servo press machine is provided with an upper clamp and a lower clamp, the upper clamp is used for being connected with a pull rod, the lower clamp is used for being connected with a steel bar of an anchor rod test piece, the electro-hydraulic servo press machine provides tension force for an anchor rod test piece clamping mechanism through the upper clamp, and the tension force is applied to the steel bar through the lower clamp, so that the tension force is transmitted to the anchor rod test piece.
The use method of the confining pressure adjustable anchor rod test piece uplift force test device comprises the following steps:
arranging supporting plates on each side of the anchor rod test piece with the reinforcing steel bars, arranging supporting columns between adjacent supporting plates, and enabling a connecting piece on each side of the anchor rod test piece to sequentially penetrate through the supporting columns, the supporting plates and the supporting columns to enable the confining pressure applying mechanism to wrap the anchor rod test piece;
the confining pressure of the confining pressure applying mechanism acting on the anchor rod test piece is adjusted through the connecting piece, and the confining pressures with the same or different sizes are applied to different side surfaces of the anchor rod test piece according to the test requirements;
the reinforcing steel bar of the anchor rod test piece passes through the anchor rod test piece clamping mechanism, and the confining pressure applying mechanism and the anchor rod test piece are supported by the anchor rod test piece clamping mechanism;
a top pull rod of the anchor rod test piece clamping mechanism and a steel bar of the anchor rod test piece are connected with the tension applying mechanism;
the tension applying mechanism applies tension to the pull rod and the steel bar in a step-by-step loading mode until the anchor rod test piece is damaged, and the maximum tension value in the test process is obtained through the tension applying mechanism and is used as the limit anti-pulling force.
By the use method, the confining pressure can be adjusted, so that the pulling resistance of the anchor rod test piece under different confining pressures can be obtained.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) according to the invention, through the arrangement of the confining pressure applying mechanism, the confining pressures with different or the same size can be realized on the two adjacent sides of the anchor rod test piece through the connecting piece, so that the simulation of the real environment condition of the anchor rod in the practical application is facilitated, and the actual working condition is better met.
2) According to the invention, through the arrangement of the anchor rod test piece clamping mechanism, the confining pressure applying mechanism and the anchor rod test piece can be conveniently supported, the steel bar can conveniently penetrate through the confining pressure applying mechanism, and the tension applying mechanism can conveniently apply tension to the steel bar so as to carry out a test.
3) By using the electro-hydraulic servo press, the invention can conveniently and rapidly measure the relationship between the tension value and the displacement value in the tension applying process, and solves the problem of overlarge error of the traditional manual mechanical measuring method.
4) According to the invention, through the arrangement of the triangular prism frame body, the steel bar can conveniently pass through, the pull rod can be conveniently arranged, and the damage process of the anchor rod test piece in the drawing process can be conveniently observed.
5) The device is simple in structure, small in occupied space and easy to operate, and can be used for increasing confining pressure of a laboratory anchor rod test piece and carrying out a related uplift force test.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a front view of an anchor rod test piece pullout resistance testing device with adjustable confining pressure in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a confining pressure applying mechanism arranged on the periphery of a test piece of an anchor rod in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an anchor specimen clamping mechanism in an embodiment of the invention;
in the figure: the device comprises a confining pressure applying mechanism 1, an anchor rod test piece clamping mechanism 2, an electro-hydraulic servo press 3, an upper clamp 4, a lower clamp 5, a computer 6, an anchor rod test piece 7, a support column 8, a support plate 9, a lead screw nut 10, a stress strain gauge 11, a lead screw 12, a strain gauge data transmission line 13, a steel bar 14, a pull rod 15 and an opening 16.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
As described in the background art, the shortcomings in the prior art exist, and in order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a confining pressure adjustable anchor rod test piece pullout resistance test device, which is further explained in the following by combining with the attached drawings of the specification.
In a typical embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 1, the confining pressure adjustable anchor rod test piece pullout resistance test device comprises a confining pressure applying mechanism 1, an anchor rod test piece clamping mechanism 2 and a pulling force applying mechanism, wherein the pulling force applying mechanism comprises an electro-hydraulic servo press machine 3, an upper clamp 4 arranged above the anchor rod test piece clamping mechanism and a lower clamp 5 arranged below the anchor rod test piece clamping mechanism.
The confining pressure applying mechanism 1 comprises four supporting columns 8 and four supporting plates 9, the supporting plates 9 are steel plates, the supporting columns 8 are steel columns, the supporting columns 8 and the supporting plates 9 require high rigidity, and deformation is not easy to occur. Four sides of stock test piece 7 can be located to fagging 9, and four support columns 8 are located between two adjacent fagging 9, and fagging 9 is opened has two through holes that are parallel to each other and all are on a parallel with fagging 9 long limit, and every support column 8 is opened has four through-holes, and wherein two holes are in a side, and two other holes are in another side, and the hole dislocation set of 8 both sides of support column to guarantee that two fagging 9 are connected to 8 accessible lead screws 12 of support column.
In addition, as shown in fig. 2, the length of each fagging 9 is less than the width of the corresponding side of anchor rod test piece 7, and the anchor rod test piece includes mortar block and reinforcing bar, and reinforcing bar one end anchor is in the mortar block, and the mortar block is the cuboid, and 8 inboards of support column are equipped with L type concave surface like this in order to cooperate with the anchor rod test piece, can guarantee like this that the confining pressure applies the mechanism and closely laminate with the mortar block in the anchor rod test piece.
Meanwhile, a confining pressure measuring component is arranged on the inner side of the supporting plate inside the confining pressure applying mechanism 1, the confining pressure measuring component is a stress strain gauge 11, the stress strain gauge 17 is arranged between the supporting plate 9 and the anchor rod test piece 7, pressure is provided for the anchor rod test piece 7 and the stress strain gauge 11 through an adjusting screw nut 10, the confining pressure of the anchor rod test piece 7 is obtained through data processing, and the stress strain gauge 11 is connected with the computer 6 through a data line 13.
Anchor rod test piece fixture 2 is hollow horizontal triangular prism framework, as shown in fig. 3, a side of triangular prism framework is last, this side is opened there is the draw bar hole, the draw bar bottom is equipped with spacing button head, the size of spacing button head is greater than the size of draw bar hole, draw bar 15 passes the draw bar hole setting, draw bar 15 is used for being connected with the upper portion anchor clamps 4 of pulling force application mechanism, the bottom side of triangular prism framework is equipped with the bottom surface, the center in the bottom surface is opened in trompil 16, make anchor rod test piece reinforcing bar 14 stretch out through trompil 16 and apply mechanism lower part anchor clamps 5 with the cooperation pulling force. Meanwhile, the anchor rod test piece clamping mechanism 2 needs to have enough space to accommodate the anchor rod test piece 7 and the confining pressure applying mechanism 1.
In order to adapt to different sizes of the anchor rod test piece, the width of the anchor rod test piece clamping mechanism is adjustable, the bottom surface and the two sides of the top of the specific triangular prism frame body are respectively provided with a sliding rod, the side part of the frame body is provided with a sliding groove matched with the sliding rod, and the width of the frame body is matched with the size of the anchor rod test piece through the matching of the sliding rod sliding grooves.
The anchor rod test piece mortar block is used for simulating soil or rock anchored by an anchor rod in the existing condition, and the reinforcing steel bar simulates the anchor rod and is formed after cast-in-place maintenance is carried out for specified time.
The mechanism is applyed to pulling force for electric liquid servo press 3, and electric liquid servo press 3 is equipped with upper portion anchor clamps 4 and lower part anchor clamps 5, and the upper portion pull rod 15 of stock test piece fixture 2 is connected to upper portion anchor clamps, and lower part anchor clamps 5 are connected with stock test piece reinforcing bar 14, and upper portion anchor clamps 4 and lower part anchor clamps 5 set up from top to bottom, and these two anchor clamps are the part of electric liquid servo press 3, and electric liquid servo press 3 is prior art.
The use method of the confining pressure adjustable anchor rod test piece uplift force test device comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: connecting the support column 8 with the support plate 9 through a screw rod 12, so that the confining pressure applying mechanism wraps the anchor rod test piece 7, and the support plate of the confining pressure applying mechanism is in contact with the outer side surface of the mortar block body;
step two: the stress strain gauge 11 is arranged between the anchor rod test piece 7 and the supporting plate 9, the confining pressure to be applied is adjusted by adjusting the lead screw nut 10, and the magnitude of the confining pressure applied is transmitted to the computer 6 through the stress strain gauge 11;
step three: one end of the anchor specimen rebar 14 is passed through the anchor clamping mechanism lower rebar hole 16.
Step four: connecting an upper pull rod 15 of the anchor rod test piece clamping mechanism 2 with an upper clamp 4 of a tension applying mechanism, connecting one end of an anchor rod steel bar with a lower clamp 5 of the tension applying mechanism, and starting an electro-hydraulic servo press machine 3 to perform an anti-pulling force test;
step five: the electro-hydraulic servo press machine 3 applies tension to the pull rod 15 and the reinforcing steel bar 14 in a step-by-step loading mode until the anchor rod test piece is damaged, and the maximum tension value in the test process is obtained through the tension applying mechanism and is used as the limit anti-pulling force; the damage form of the anchor rod test piece comprises the fracture of the mortar test block or the displacement of the reinforcing steel bar exceeding a specified value, so that the electro-hydraulic servo press 3 obtains the tension borne by the anchor rod test piece and the displacement of the reinforcing steel bar, generates a graph corresponding to the tension and the displacement, and obtains the maximum tension value when the anchor rod test piece is damaged, thereby being used for guiding engineering practice.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a confined pressure adjustable stock test piece withdrawal resistance test device which characterized in that includes:
the confining pressure applying mechanism comprises supporting plates which can be arranged on the peripheral side of the anchor rod test piece, a supporting column is arranged between every two adjacent supporting plates, two supporting columns on each side surface of the anchor rod test piece are connected with the supporting plates on the side surface through connecting pieces, the connecting pieces on the two adjacent side surfaces are mutually vertical, the connecting pieces can adjust the confining pressure applied to the anchor rod test piece, and the connecting pieces on each side surface of the anchor rod test piece are mutually independent, so that the confining pressures with different or the same size can be realized on the two adjacent sides of the anchor rod test piece;
the supporting plates and the supporting columns in the confining pressure applying mechanism form a hollow rectangular body, the length of each supporting plate is smaller than the width of the corresponding side face of the anchor rod test piece, and an L-shaped concave surface is arranged on the inner side of each supporting column to be matched with the anchor rod test piece;
each support pillar is provided with 4 through holes, wherein 2 through holes penetrate through one vertical face, the other 2 through holes penetrate through the other vertical face, and the through holes on two adjacent side faces of the support pillar are arranged in a staggered manner;
stress strain gauges are mounted on the inner sides of the supporting plates and connected with a computer;
the anchor rod test piece clamping mechanism comprises a frame body for supporting the confining pressure applying mechanism and the anchor rod test piece, the top of the frame body is provided with a pull rod, and the bottom of the frame body is provided with an opening for the steel bar of the anchor rod test piece to pass through;
the tension applying mechanism can be respectively and independently connected with the pull rod and the steel bar penetrating through the open hole.
2. The confined pressure adjustable anchor rod test piece anti-pulling force test device of claim 1, wherein the connecting piece is a screw rod, the screw rod in each side surface of the anchor rod test piece sequentially passes through the support column, the supporting plate and the other support column, and nuts are respectively arranged at two ends of the screw rod.
3. The confined pressure adjustable anchor rod test piece anti-pulling force test device of claim 1, wherein a clamping groove for arranging a stress strain gauge is formed in the inner side of the supporting plate, and the depth of the clamping groove is smaller than the thickness of the stress strain gauge.
4. The confined pressure adjustable anchor rod test piece uplift force test device according to claim 1, wherein the frame body of the anchor rod test piece clamping mechanism is a transverse triangular prism frame body, a pull rod hole is formed in one side of the frame body, the pull rod penetrates through the pull rod hole, and a limiting round head is arranged at the bottom end of the pull rod.
5. The confined pressure adjustable anchor rod test piece anti-pulling force test device of claim 4, wherein the bottom side of the triangular prism frame body is provided with a bottom surface, and the opening is formed in the center of the bottom surface.
6. The confining pressure adjustable anchor rod test piece anti-pulling force test device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pulling force applying mechanism is an electro-hydraulic servo press.
7. The use method of the confining pressure adjustable anchor rod test piece pullout resistance test device according to any one of claims 1-6 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
arranging supporting plates on each side of the anchor rod test piece with the reinforcing steel bars, arranging supporting columns between adjacent supporting plates, and enabling a connecting piece on each side of the anchor rod test piece to sequentially penetrate through the supporting columns, the supporting plates and the supporting columns to enable the confining pressure applying mechanism to wrap the anchor rod test piece;
the confining pressure of the confining pressure applying mechanism acting on the anchor rod test piece is adjusted through the connecting piece, and the confining pressures with the same or different sizes are applied to different side surfaces of the anchor rod test piece according to the test requirements;
the supporting plates and the supporting columns in the confining pressure applying mechanism form a hollow rectangular body, the length of each supporting plate is smaller than the width of the corresponding side face of the anchor rod test piece, and an L-shaped concave surface is arranged on the inner side of each supporting column to be matched with the anchor rod test piece;
each support pillar is provided with 4 through holes, wherein 2 through holes penetrate through one vertical face, the other 2 through holes penetrate through the other vertical face, and the through holes on two adjacent side faces of the support pillar are arranged in a staggered manner;
stress strain gauges are mounted on the inner sides of the supporting plates and connected with a computer;
the reinforcing steel bar of the anchor rod test piece passes through the anchor rod test piece clamping mechanism, and the confining pressure applying mechanism and the anchor rod test piece are supported by the anchor rod test piece clamping mechanism;
a top pull rod of the anchor rod test piece clamping mechanism and a steel bar of the anchor rod test piece are connected with the tension applying mechanism;
the tension applying mechanism applies tension to the pull rod and the steel bar in a step-by-step loading mode until the anchor rod test piece is damaged, and the maximum tension value in the test process is obtained through the tension applying mechanism and is used as the limit anti-pulling force.
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| CN111678769B (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2022-12-13 | 南京理工大学 | Gas impact type composite material crack simulation test device and method |
| CN112985989B (en) * | 2021-02-19 | 2022-08-30 | 三峡大学 | Verification device and method for load platform effect of self-expansion anchoring system |
| CN114594001A (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2022-06-07 | 武汉工程大学 | Auxiliary assembly and experiment appearance for anchor rod drawing experiment |
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| US4379407A (en) * | 1981-05-01 | 1983-04-12 | Mobil Oil Corporation | System for conducting resonance measurements of rock materials under confining pressure |
| CN202522483U (en) * | 2011-11-28 | 2012-11-07 | 柴新军 | Confining-pressure-controlling miniature soil nail anchor rod pulling-drawning test device |
| CN103226068B (en) * | 2013-03-18 | 2015-08-19 | 北京工业大学 | Mechanical rock breaking test platform confining pressure device |
| CN104344997B (en) * | 2014-11-04 | 2017-01-11 | 同济大学 | Passive type restraint loading device for triaxial test |
| CN105738200B (en) * | 2016-02-01 | 2018-05-25 | 山东科技大学 | The visual experimental rig of soil layer anchoring body stress transfer mechanism and its test method |
| CN106198255B (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2018-11-06 | 西安科技大学 | Soil body shearing test device and shearing test method under a kind of confining pressure state |
| CN208026601U (en) * | 2018-02-23 | 2018-10-30 | 深圳市市政设计研究院有限公司 | Armored concrete pull device |
| CN108844894B (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2020-06-26 | 成都理工大学 | Dynamic friction coefficient instrument and method for measuring dynamic friction coefficient of particulate body |
| CN110186760A (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2019-08-30 | 河北建筑工程学院 | A kind of soil property anchor rod drawing test method for considering to change confining pressure condition |
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