CN114112639A - Tension-compression dual-function concrete creep test device and test method thereof - Google Patents
Tension-compression dual-function concrete creep test device and test method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 239000011513 prestressed concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
A tension-compression dual-function concrete creep test device and a test method thereof are provided, the test device comprises a bottom plate, a movable plate, a fixed plate, a force application plate, a transmission plate and a top plate which are horizontally arranged from bottom to top in sequence, a jack is arranged between the transmission plate and the top plate, a force application spring is arranged between the transmission plate and the force application plate, a concrete test piece is arranged between the fixed plate and the movable plate, displacement sensors are arranged on two sides of the concrete test piece along a deformation direction, force application rods are connected between the force application plate, the fixed plate and the movable plate and are respectively connected with the fixed plate and the movable plate through movable bolts, and the positions of the fixed plate and the movable plate can be fixed or released through the movable bolts. The device has the advantages of simple operation process, stable loading of the test piece in the loading process, tight fixation of the concrete test piece, suitability for long-term creep measurement, capability of realizing two creep tests of stretching and compressing by converting the loading direction and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of concrete tests, and relates to a tension-compression dual-function concrete creep test device and a test method thereof.
Background
Creep is an important property of concrete as a viscous elastomer and is time dependent, and concrete creep tests are used to measure strain data for concrete that continues to grow over time under long periods of constant load. In recent years, studies on creep characteristics of concrete under a compressive condition have been made more thoroughly, while studies on creep characteristics of concrete under a tensile condition have been made less.
The existing test device for testing concrete creep mainly aims at the concrete compressive creep, and the test device for measuring the concrete compressive creep cannot test the tensile creep of the concrete. For the conventional tensile creep test device for concrete, for example, patent application publication No. CN110926945a provides a tensile creep test device for high-strength concrete, which applies tension to a test piece by pressing a force application spring by a force application nut through manual operation, but cannot ensure the stability and uniformity of multiple times of loading. The concrete test piece is pasted with the steel plates at the two ends by adopting an adhesive, and the pull ring is arranged on the steel plates and embedded into the concrete test piece for strengthening and fixing, so that the two ends of the test piece are completely fixed with the steel plates after the concrete test piece is loaded to generate tensile stress, and the local void phenomenon is easily generated when the test piece is pulled. And the test device can only test the tensile creep of the concrete test piece, and cannot measure the compressive creep of the concrete test piece through the conversion of the force transmission system. Also, for example, patent application publication No. CN112067451A provides a multi-mode loading device for tensile creep and compressive creep of concrete, which adopts a lever bracket system to realize multiple types of tensile creep and compressive creep loading, and has high load utilization efficiency, but this loading system cannot prevent eccentric loading and local stress concentration problem of a test piece, and cannot ensure stability of external load.
Wangzang, Wendage, Large-span prestressed concrete box girder bridge shrinkage creep effect test and analysis [ J ]. civil engineering journal, 2008, 41(1):70-81.
Wushubin, concrete creep failure study under long-term sustained load [ D ], Chongqing university of traffic, 2013.
Liujiaping, Wuyi Kai, Poplar, Schrad. CN110926945A, 2020-03-27.
Stretching positive, slowly leveling, concrete stretching compression creep multi-mode loading device [ P ]. China: CN112067451A, 2020-12-21.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a tension-compression dual-function concrete creep test device and a test method thereof, which can conveniently convert test modes of tension creep and compression creep, and aims to solve the problems that the existing concrete creep test device is mature in testing concrete tension creep and is less in creep test of a concrete sample in a tension state.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention has the following technical scheme:
a tension-compression dual-function concrete creep test device comprises a bottom plate, a movable plate, a fixed plate, a force application plate, a transmission support plate and a top plate which are sequentially horizontally arranged from bottom to top, wherein a jack is arranged between the transmission support plate and the top plate, a force application spring is arranged between the transmission support plate and the force application plate, a concrete test piece is installed between the fixed plate and the movable plate, displacement sensors are installed on two sides of the concrete test piece along the deformation direction, force application rods are connected among the force application plate, the fixed plate and the movable plate and are respectively connected with the fixed plate and the movable plate through movable bolts, and the positions of the fixed plate and the movable plate can be fixed or released through the movable bolts.
As a preferred scheme of the tension-compression dual-function concrete creep test device, the bottom plate, the movable plate, the fixed plate, the force application plate, the load transmission plate and the top plate are connected through a plurality of threaded rods, the bottom plate is provided with blind holes, and the bottoms of the threaded rods are fixedly arranged on the blind holes of the bottom plate; the movable plate, the fixed plate, the force application plate, the transmission plate and the top plate are provided with through holes, the threaded rod penetrates through the through holes, the top plate and the fixed plate are connected with the threaded rod through fixed bolts, and the transmission plate, the force application plate and the movable plate are connected with the threaded rod through movable bolts respectively.
As a preferable scheme of the tension-compression dual-function concrete creep test device, the force application rod is welded and fixed on the force application plate.
As a preferred scheme of the tension-compression dual-function concrete creep test device, two ends of the force application spring are respectively welded and fixed on the transmission support plate and the force application plate.
As a preferred scheme of the tension-compression dual-function concrete creep test device, a load sensor is mounted on the jack.
As a preferable scheme of the tension-compression dual-function concrete creep test device, an upper limiting device is arranged on the lower surface of the fixed plate, a lower limiting device is arranged on the upper surface of the movable plate, and two ends of a concrete test piece are fixed by the upper limiting device and the lower limiting device.
As a preferred scheme of the tension-compression dual-function concrete creep test device, the upper limiting device and the lower limiting device comprise shells, wherein the shells are provided with necking cavities, and one side surfaces of the cavities are provided with test piece loading ports; and the two ends of the concrete sample are provided with outward-expanding bases, and the outward-expanding bases can be arranged in the cavity and are limited.
The invention also provides a test method of the tension-compression dual-function concrete creep test device, which comprises the following steps:
tensile creep test:
mounting a concrete sample between a fixed plate and a movable plate;
mounting displacement sensors on two sides of a concrete sample;
the load is applied to the force application spring through the load transfer plate by the aid of the jack for pressurization, and the force application spring enables the movable plate to generate downward displacement through the force application plate and the force application rod so as to apply tension to the concrete sample;
acquiring and recording test data, and drawing a tension creep curve of the concrete sample by taking a logarithmic coordinate of time as a horizontal axis and taking data of tension strain of the concrete sample as a vertical axis;
creep under pressure test:
mounting a concrete sample between a fixed plate and a movable plate;
mounting displacement sensors on two sides of a concrete sample;
the device is pressurized by a jack, load is applied to a force application spring through a load transfer plate, a fixed plate is fixed with a force application rod, the force application spring enables the fixed plate to generate downward displacement through the force application plate and the force application rod, and the movable plate is fixed in position and applies pressure to a concrete sample;
and acquiring and recording test data, and drawing a compressive creep curve of the concrete sample by taking the logarithmic coordinate of time as a horizontal axis and the compressive strain data of the concrete sample as a vertical axis.
As a preferable scheme of the test method of the invention, the pre-loading is performed before the pressurization by the jack, that is, the pre-loading is performed by the jack, whether the stress is stable is judged according to the whole deformation of the test device, and the formal pressurization is performed after the stress of the test device is stable, so as to start to acquire and record the test data.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the movable plate, the fixed plate, the force application plate and the load transmission plate are arranged between the top plate and the bottom plate in a layered mode, the jack is used as a force application device, and force transmission is completed through the force application spring, the force application plate, the fixed plate and the movable plate which are connected together through the force application rod. The concrete test piece to be tested is arranged between the fixed plate and the movable plate, the fixed plate and the movable plate are connected with the force application rod through the movable bolts, and the positions of the fixed plate and the movable plate can be selectively fixed or released through the movable bolts, so that different test modes are realized. The device has the advantages of simple operation process, stable loading of the test piece in the loading process, tight fixation of the concrete test piece, suitability for long-term creep measurement, capability of realizing two creep tests of stretching and compressing by converting the loading direction and the like.
Furthermore, the invention adopts an upper limiting device and a lower limiting device to ensure that two ends of the concrete sample are tightly fixed, thereby preventing the problems of eccentric loading and stress concentration possibly occurring at the local part of the sample, carrying out long gauge length test on the part with stable strain at the middle part of the concrete sample, having accurate test result, and adopting a load sensor and a displacement sensor to measure the creep process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a front view structure of a tension-compression dual-function concrete creep test device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the tension-compression dual-function concrete creep test apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a creep test apparatus for tension-compression dual-function concrete according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an assembly structure of the displacement sensor and a concrete sample according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the top plate construction of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the bottom plate structure of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the position limiting device of the present invention;
in the drawings: 1-a threaded rod; 2-fixing the bolt; 3-a top plate; 4-a bottom plate; 5-carrying the board; 6-a force application plate; 7-a force application rod; 8-a through hole; 9-a load sensor; 10-a jack; 11-a movable bolt; 12-a force application spring; 13-fixing the plate; 14-upper limiting means; 15-concrete test piece; 16-a lower limiting means; 17-a movable plate; 18-displacement sensor.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The existing concrete creep testing device is mature in the aspect of testing concrete pressure creep, and the creep test of a concrete test piece in a tension state is less. The invention provides a tension-compression dual-function concrete creep test device and a test method thereof. By adjusting the anchoring position of the movable bolt, the test mode of tensile creep and compressive creep can be conveniently converted, and the application range of the device is expanded.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the tension-compression dual-function concrete creep test device comprises a bottom plate 4, a movable plate 17, a fixed plate 13, a force application plate 6, a load transmission plate 5 and a top plate 3 which are horizontally arranged from bottom to top in sequence, wherein the bottom plate 4, the movable plate 17, the fixed plate 13, the force application plate 6, the load transmission plate 5 and the top plate 3 are rectangular plates with equal size and are connected through four threaded rods 1 positioned at four corners. Referring to fig. 5 and 6, a blind hole is formed in the bottom plate 4, the bottom of the threaded rod 1 is fixedly mounted on the blind hole of the bottom plate 4, the movable plate 17, the fixed plate 13, the force application plate 6, the load transmission plate 5 and the top plate 3 are provided with through holes, the threaded rod 1 is penetrated through the through holes, the top plate 3 and the fixed plate 13 are connected with the threaded rod 1 through the fixing bolt 2, the load transmission plate 5, the force application plate 6 and the movable plate 17 are respectively connected with the threaded rod 1 through the movable bolt 11, the fixing bolt 2 realizes a fixing effect, and the movable bolt 11 can be temporarily fixed and can also be opened. A jack 10 is arranged between the transmission plate 5 and the top plate 3, and a load sensor 9 is arranged on the jack 10. A force application spring 12 is arranged between the transmission support plate 5 and the force application plate 6, and two ends of the force application spring 12 are respectively welded and fixed on the transmission support plate 5 and the force application plate 6. A concrete test piece 15 is arranged between the fixed plate 13 and the movable plate 17, an upper limiting device 14 is arranged on the lower surface of the fixed plate 13, a lower limiting device 16 is arranged on the upper surface of the movable plate 17, and two ends of the concrete test piece 15 are fixed by the upper limiting device 14 and the lower limiting device 16. Referring to fig. 7, the upper limiting device 14 and the lower limiting device 16 include a housing, the housing is processed with a cavity in a shape of a notch, and a test piece loading port is formed in one side surface of the cavity. Referring to fig. 4, the two ends of the concrete sample 15 are provided with outward-expanding bases, and the outward-expanding bases can be arranged in the cavity and limited. Displacement sensors 18 are arranged on two sides of a concrete sample 15 along the deformation direction, a force application rod 7 is connected among the force application plate 6, the fixed plate 13 and the movable plate 17, one end of the force application rod 7 is fixedly welded on the force application plate 6, the force application rod 7 is respectively connected with the fixed plate 13 and the movable plate 17 through movable bolts 11, and the positions of the fixed plate 13 and the movable plate 17 can be fixed or released through the movable bolts 11.
The installation steps of the tension-compression dual-function concrete creep test device comprise:
1) the bottom plate 4 is fixed on the flat ground, and the four threaded rods 1 are placed in the corresponding hole positions of the bottom plate 4 and are temporarily fixed.
2) The movable plate 17 is installed and temporarily fixed by the movable bolt 11 at upper and lower sides of a portion contacting the threaded rod 1.
3) The fixing plate 13 is attached and fixed by fixing bolts 2 on the upper and lower sides of the portion in contact with the threaded rod 1. A height L1 is reserved between the movable plate 17 and the fixed plate 13 to ensure a space for installing the concrete sample 15.
4) The force application rod 7 is installed at the hole position of the movable plate 17 corresponding to the fixed plate 13 and is temporarily fixed by the movable bolt 11.
5) The force application plate 6 is attached, temporarily fixed to the upper and lower sides of the portion in contact with the threaded rod 1 by movable bolts 11, and the upper side of the force application rod 7 is welded to the force application plate 6.
6) The transfer plate 5 is mounted and temporarily fixed by movable bolts 11 on the upper and lower sides of the portion in contact with the threaded rod 1. A height L2 is provided between the transfer plate 5 and the urging plate 6 to secure an installation space of the urging spring 12.
7) And (3) installing a force application spring 12, welding the upper end and the lower end of the force application spring 12 with the load transmission plate 5 and the force application plate 6 respectively, and finishing by using an angle grinder.
8) The top plate 3 is mounted and permanently fixed by fixing bolts 2 at both upper and lower sides of a portion contacting the threaded rod 1. A height L3 is reserved between the top plate 3 and the load-transferring plate 5 to ensure an installation space of the jack 10.
10) A jack 10 is installed on the upper portion of the load transfer plate and a load sensor 9 is disposed on the jack 10.
11) The upper limiting device 14 and the lower limiting device 16 are installed, the wide side of the upper limiting device 14 is welded with the fixed plate 13, and the wide side of the lower limiting device 16 is welded with the movable plate 17.
12) And (5) checking the welding position and the bolt fastening condition to finish the installation of the testing device.
The test method of the tension-compression dual-function concrete creep test device comprises the following steps:
1. tensile creep test:
1.1) fixing a molded concrete dog bone-shaped concrete sample 15 reaching the age in a testing device through an upper limiting device 14 and a lower limiting device 16, wherein one side of the upper limiting device and one side of the lower limiting device are provided with holes to facilitate mounting and fixing the sample, the upper limiting device 14 is connected with a fixed plate 13, the lower limiting device 16 is connected with a movable plate 17, and the movable plate 17 and a force application rod 7 are fixed through a movable bolt 11;
1.2) after the concrete sample 15 is fixed, installing the displacement sensors 18 on two sides of the concrete sample 15, adjusting the position and fixing.
1.3) preloading is carried out by using the jack 10, at the moment, observing the test device, and if the whole structure is slightly deformed after being stressed and the structure is stably stressed, carrying out formal loading in the step 1.4. The stability of a force transmission system is ensured through preloading, and the accuracy of test data is ensured.
1.4) pressurizing by using a jack 10, applying load to an application spring 12 through a transmission plate 5, and enabling the application spring 12 to generate downward displacement of a movable plate 17 through an application plate 6 and an application rod 7 so as to apply tension to a concrete sample 15.
1.5) before the force application spring 12 acts on the movable plate 17 through the force application plate 6 and the force application rod 7 to enable the movable plate 17 to generate downward displacement, the displacement sensors 18 on the two sides of the concrete sample 15 are started in time to ensure the integrity of test data.
1.6) drawing a tensile creep curve of the concrete sample by using the test data, taking the logarithmic coordinate of time as a horizontal axis and the recorded data of the tensile strain of the concrete sample 15 as a vertical axis.
2. Creep under pressure test:
in the compressive creep test, the concrete compressive creep test can be performed by the following test procedure by fixing the movable plate 17 and the reaction frame by the movable bolt 11, fixing the fixed plate 13 and the force application rod 7 by the bolt, unfastening the movable bolt 11 of the movable plate 17 and the force application rod 7, and unfastening the movable bolt 11 of the fixed plate 13 and the reaction frame.
2.1) fixing a formed concrete dog bone-shaped concrete sample 15 reaching the age in a testing device through an upper limiting device 14 and a lower limiting device 16, wherein one side of the upper limiting device and one side of the lower limiting device are provided with holes to facilitate mounting and fixing the sample, the upper limiting device 14 is connected with a fixed plate 13, the lower limiting device 16 is connected with a movable plate 17, the movable plate 17 and a reaction frame are fixed through a movable bolt 11 at the moment, and the movable bolt 11 between the movable plate 17 and the force application rod 7 is released to enable the force application rod 7 to freely move up and down in a through hole on the movable plate 17.
2.2) after the concrete sample 15 is fixed, installing the displacement sensors 18 on two sides of the concrete sample 15, adjusting the position and fixing.
2.3) preloading is carried out by using the jack 10, at the moment, observing the test device, and if the whole structure is slightly deformed after being stressed and the structure is stably stressed, carrying out formal loading in the step 2.4. The stability of a force transmission system is ensured through preloading, and the accuracy of experimental data is ensured.
2.4) pressurizing by using a jack 10, applying load to an application spring 12 through a transmission plate 5, fixing a fixed plate 13 and an application rod 7 through a movable bolt 11, enabling the fixed plate 13 to generate downward displacement by the application spring 12 through an application plate 6 and the application rod 7, and fixing a movable plate 17 and a reaction frame through the movable bolt 11, so that pressure can be applied to a concrete sample 15.
2.5) before the force application spring 12 acts on the fixing plate 13 through the force application plate 6 and the force application rod 7 to enable the fixing plate 13 to generate downward displacement, the displacement sensors 18 on the two sides of the concrete sample 15 are started in time, and the integrity of test data is ensured.
2.6) drawing a concrete sample compressive creep curve by using test data, taking a logarithmic coordinate of time as a horizontal axis and taking recorded data of compressive strain of the concrete sample 15 as a vertical axis.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not substantially depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a draw and press difunctional concrete creep test device which characterized in that: comprises a bottom plate (4), a movable plate (17), a fixed plate (13), a force application plate (6), a load transmission plate (5) and a top plate (3) which are horizontally arranged from bottom to top in sequence, a jack (10) is arranged between the load transfer plate (5) and the top plate (3), a force application spring (12) is arranged between the load transfer plate (5) and the force application plate (6), a concrete test piece (15) is arranged between the fixed plate (13) and the movable plate (17), displacement sensors (18) are arranged on two sides of the concrete test piece (15) along the deformation direction, the force applying rod (7) is connected among the force applying plate (6), the fixed plate (13) and the movable plate (17), the force application rod (7) is respectively connected with the fixed plate (13) and the movable plate (17) through movable bolts (11), and the positions of the fixed plate (13) and the movable plate (17) can be fixed or released through the movable bolts (11).
2. The tension-compression dual-function concrete creep test device according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom plate (4), the movable plate (17), the fixed plate (13), the force application plate (6), the load transmission plate (5) and the top plate (3) are connected through a plurality of threaded rods (1), blind holes are formed in the bottom plate (4), and the bottoms of the threaded rods (1) are fixedly installed on the blind holes of the bottom plate (4); the threaded rod is characterized in that through holes are formed in the movable plate (17), the fixed plate (13), the force application plate (6), the load transmission plate (5) and the top plate (3), the threaded rod (1) penetrates through the through holes, the top plate (3) and the fixed plate (13) are connected with the threaded rod (1) through the fixing bolt (2), and the load transmission plate (5), the force application plate (6) and the movable plate (17) are connected with the threaded rod (1) through the movable bolt (11) respectively.
3. The tension-compression dual-function concrete creep test device according to claim 1, wherein: the force application rod (7) is welded and fixed on the force application plate (6).
4. The tension-compression dual-function concrete creep test device according to claim 1, wherein: two ends of the force application spring (12) are respectively welded and fixed on the transmission support plate (5) and the force application plate (6).
5. The tension-compression dual-function concrete creep test device according to claim 1, wherein: and a load sensor (9) is arranged on the jack (10).
6. The tension-compression dual-function concrete creep test device according to claim 1, wherein: the lower surface of the fixed plate (13) is provided with an upper limiting device (14), the upper surface of the movable plate (17) is provided with a lower limiting device (16), and two ends of the concrete sample (15) are fixed by the upper limiting device (14) and the lower limiting device (16).
7. The tension-compression dual-function concrete creep test device as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the upper limiting device (14) and the lower limiting device (16) comprise shells, wherein the shells are provided with necking cavities, and one side surfaces of the cavities are provided with test piece loading ports; the two ends of the concrete test piece (15) are provided with outward-expanding bases, and the outward-expanding bases can be arranged in the cavity and are limited.
8. A test method based on the tension-compression dual-function concrete creep test device of any one of claims 1-7, characterized by comprising the following steps:
tensile creep test:
installing a concrete sample (15) between a fixed plate (13) and a movable plate (17);
mounting displacement sensors (18) on two sides of a concrete test piece (15);
the jack (10) is used for pressurizing, the load is applied to the force application spring (12) through the transmission plate (5), and the force application spring (12) enables the movable plate (17) to generate downward displacement through the force application plate (6) and the force application rod (7) to apply tension to the concrete test piece (15);
test data are obtained and recorded, the logarithmic coordinate of time is taken as a horizontal axis, the data of tensile strain of the concrete test piece (15) is taken as a vertical axis, and a tensile creep curve of the concrete test piece (15) is drawn;
creep under pressure test:
installing a concrete sample (15) between a fixed plate (13) and a movable plate (17);
mounting displacement sensors (18) on two sides of a concrete test piece (15);
the device is pressurized by a jack (10), load is applied to a force application spring (12) through a transmission plate (5), a fixed plate (13) is fixed with a force application rod (7), the force application spring (12) enables the fixed plate (13) to generate downward displacement through a force application plate (6) and the force application rod (7), the position of a movable plate (17) is fixed, and pressure is applied to a concrete test piece (15);
and acquiring and recording test data, and drawing a pressure creep curve of the concrete test piece (15) by taking the logarithmic coordinate of time as a horizontal axis and the data of the pressure strain of the concrete test piece (15) as a vertical axis.
9. The assay method of claim 8, wherein: the method comprises the steps of firstly preloading before pressurization through the jack (10), namely, firstly preloading by using the jack (10), judging whether stress is stable according to the whole deformation of the test device, and then formally pressurizing after the stress of the test device is stable to start to obtain and record test data.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117074001A (en) * | 2023-08-25 | 2023-11-17 | 恒为检验检测认证(河北)集团有限公司 | Creep testing machine with loading device |
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