CN218121641U - Interface compression shear test device - Google Patents
Interface compression shear test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN218121641U CN218121641U CN202222043160.7U CN202222043160U CN218121641U CN 218121641 U CN218121641 U CN 218121641U CN 202222043160 U CN202222043160 U CN 202222043160U CN 218121641 U CN218121641 U CN 218121641U
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Abstract
The utility model provides an interface compression shear test device belongs to the test equipment technical field for the building, and the device mainly comprises reaction frame, horizontal thrust unit, vertical linear guide unit, horizontal linear guide unit, shearing box, loading block and cushion block. The reaction frame comprises a base, a first side plate, a second side plate and a split bolt; the horizontal thrust unit comprises a micro jack, a bearing plate and a bearing sensor; the loading block transfers the force of the tester ram to the shear box. The sample provides normal pressure by miniature jack among the loading process, exerts pressure to the loading piece and can carry out the compression shear test under unipolar loading test machine afterwards, need not professional shear test machine, can save test cost, improves test efficiency. In addition, the device simple structure, preparation convenience can use widely in the laboratory.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a test equipment technical field for the building specifically is an interface compression shear test device.
Background
With the development of civil engineering technology, more and more new materials emerge, and the interface bonding material with specific functions is one of the important branches, which plays an important role in the repair of engineering structures and the development of novel composite structures. For example, polymer spray film waterproof materials applied to tunnel engineering at home and abroad in recent years have the characteristics of water resistance and double-sided bonding, so that a tunnel primary support layer concrete-waterproof spray film-tunnel secondary lining layer concrete composite structure is developed, the interface of the composite structure is a weak surface of the whole structure, the shearing performance and deformation of the interface are important mechanical performance indexes, and the disclosed damage mechanism of the shearing process has great significance for analyzing the stress damage of the structure and is important for guiding construction design.
The existing shear test combined with a universal testing machine is generally a variable-angle shear test, namely, the shear test is carried out under a constant angle, the normal force and the shearing force on a bonding interface are always in a constant proportion in the test process, and the shear test under the direct shearing of zero normal pressure or the free normal pressure cannot be realized.
In addition, although the soil body direct shear test equipment and the rock direct shear test equipment can realize the shear test under the free normal pressure, the load is applied mostly through weights with certain weight because the test object of the soil body is the soil body, so the applied load is limited, and the soil body direct shear test equipment and the rock direct shear test equipment are not suitable for the composite structure interface direct shear test. The rock direct shear test equipment is not popularized in a large scale due to high price, and meanwhile, the loading tonnage of the equipment is too large, so that the equipment is not suitable for the shear test of the bonding interface of the composite structure. However, the application of the existing uniaxial loading testing machine is very wide, so that a pressure-shear testing device for the uniaxial testing machine is urgently needed to be developed so as to realize a shear test of a composite structure interface under the action of normal pressure and disclose the action mechanism of pressure-shear failure. Patent publication No. CN110361271a discloses a shearing device that can be used on a uniaxial testing machine, but still has the following problems: (1) the bearing sensor is abutted into the left moving test piece, so that the sensor is stressed unstably in the loading process of the test; (2) the left side compression test piece does not set up the shearing box, can lead to the left side test piece atress inhomogeneous. Therefore, under the condition that the strength of the test piece is low, the vertical displacement of the experiment machine in the test result not only is interface displacement, but also comprises the displacement of the test piece, and the test result has larger error; (3) when the shear test is loaded, the shear test is loaded to one end of a test piece, so that the test piece can deflect to a certain degree, and the right shear box has no measure for limiting deflection, so that the instability of the normal force of the compression shear test is increased; (4) the counterforce device is of a cantilever structure and has low bending resistance, so that the baffle plates on two sides need to be thickened, and the manufacturing cost is increased.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model aims at providing an interface compression shear test device to realize that the shearing deformation of zero normal pressure or free normal pressure effect bonding interface down changes the law.
An interface compression shear test device comprises a reaction frame, wherein the reaction frame comprises a base and a first side plate and a second side plate which are arranged in parallel, the first side plate and the second side plate are perpendicular to the top plane of the base, and the bottoms of the first side plate and the second side plate are respectively and correspondingly and fixedly connected with the left end and the right end of the base; the tops of the first side plate and the second side plate are fixed by a split screw; the first shearing box and the second shearing box which are arranged between the first side plate and the second side plate and are positioned above the base are both U-shaped structures with open front and rear ends, and the openings of the first shearing box and the second shearing box are oppositely arranged; a vertical linear guide rail unit which restricts the first shearing box to only move up and down in the vertical direction is arranged between the back side opposite to the U-shaped opening of the first shearing box and the first side plate, and a horizontal linear guide rail unit which restricts the second shearing box to only move left and right in the direction vertical to the plate surface of the first side plate or the plate surface of the second side plate is arranged between the bottom of the second shearing box and the base; the bottom of the first shearing box and the top of the second shearing box are respectively provided with a sample locking assembly; and a horizontal thrust unit is arranged between the second shearing box and the second side plate.
The device adopts split bolt connection to change the characteristics that the bending resistance of the cantilever structure is weak, not only can improve the normal force bearing capacity, but also can reduce the thickness of the first side plate and the second side plate to reduce the manufacturing cost.
The horizontal thrust unit comprises a micro jack, a bearing plate and a bearing sensor, and the micro jack is arranged between the second side plate and the bearing plate; the bearing sensor is fixed between the bearing plate and the second shearing box, the bearing sensor is connected with the display instrument through a data transmission line, and the micro jack is connected with the pressurizing device through an oil pipe and used for applying normal pressure to the second shearing box; the display instrument can be used for displaying the pressure numerical value of the bearing sensor in real time and reading the magnitude of the jacking force.
The device further comprises a cushion block, the cushion block is arranged between the base and the horizontal linear guide rail unit, the bottom of the cushion block is fixedly connected with the base, and the top of the cushion block is fixedly connected with the horizontal linear guide rail unit. The cushion block provides a horizontal moving distance for the horizontal linear guide rail unit and simultaneously lifts the height of the test piece.
The vertical linear guide rail unit comprises a first linear guide rail and a sliding block capable of sliding along the first linear guide rail, the first linear guide rail is fixedly connected with the first side plate, and the sliding block is connected with the first shearing box.
The horizontal linear guide rail unit comprises a second linear guide rail and a sliding block capable of sliding along the second linear guide rail, the second linear guide rail is fixedly connected with the cushion block, and the sliding block is fixedly connected with the second shearing box.
The first linear guide rail provides vertical displacement for the first shearing box, and the second linear guide rail provides horizontal displacement for the second shearing box. Horizontal displacement and vertical displacement that only provide through second linear guide and first linear guide have prevented the deflection that probably takes place among the test piece loading process to this stability and the precision that improves the experiment.
The center position of the surface of the sliding block of the first linear guide rail is aligned with the center position of the side surface of the first shearing box; the hydraulic rod of the micro jack is aligned with the central position of the surface of the bearing sensor; the center position of the load bearing sensor surface is aligned with the center position of the second shear box side. The center position of the surface of the sliding block of the first linear guide rail is aligned with the center position of the side face of the first shearing box, so that the left side of the test piece is uniformly stressed, the surfaces of the hydraulic rod and the bearing sensor of the micro-jack are aligned with the center position of the second shearing box, so that the normal force applied by the micro-jack can be stably acted on the second shearing box, and the right side of the test piece is uniformly and stably stressed in the test loading process of the second shearing box.
The sample locking assembly comprises a bolt and a gasket, the inner side of the bottom of the first shearing box and the inner side of the top of the second shearing box are respectively provided with the gasket, and the corresponding bolt penetrates through a screw hole of the corresponding shearing box and is in threaded connection with the shearing box; one end is connected or connected with the gasket, and the other end is positioned outside the shearing box. The bolt hole is used for placing the bolt and is supported with the gasket and even, and adjusting bolt is used for fixing the test piece, and the gasket transmits the bolt clamp force to the test piece.
The device also comprises a loading block, and the loading block is placed at the top of the first shear box. The loading block transfers the force of the tester ram to the shear box.
The utility model discloses beneficial effect does:
1. the bearing sensor of the interface compression shear test device is positioned on the right side of the second shear box, and because the second shear box does not produce vertical displacement in the test process, the stability of normal pressure is ensured, and the test data are more accurate and reliable.
2. The shearing box of the interface compression-shearing test device adopts the U-shaped groove with the two open ends to replace the traditional closed shearing box, so that the test installation is more convenient, the test operation time is saved, the application of a digital speckle technology is facilitated, and the strain field data of a shearing interface is obtained.
3. The counterforce device is additionally provided with two split bolts, so that a stress system of a cantilever structure of the side plate is changed, the counterforce device is more stable in structure, the thickness of the side plate can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost is saved.
4. The shear box has all been set up to the test piece left and right sides, and the shear box still is equipped with clamping bolt and shear box gasket, has reduced the displacement that test piece itself warp and bring when making the test piece atress more even as far as possible, has reduced test error.
5. The horizontal linear guide rail unit is additionally arranged at the bottom of the right shearing box, so that the shearing box can only move horizontally but not move vertically, the deflection of a test piece possibly generated in the loading process is avoided, and the test data is more stable and reliable.
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the testing device provided by the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the testing device provided by the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the reaction frame in fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the shear box of fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a loading process of the testing apparatus provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description will further explain the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the description of the application, it is to be understood that the orientations and positional relationships indicated by "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "center", and the like are based on the orientations and positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the application. Moreover, the use of "first," "second," and similar language throughout this application does not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather the terms first, second, and the like are used to distinguish one element from another.
As shown in fig. 1 or fig. 2, an interface compression shear test apparatus includes: the device comprises a reaction frame, a horizontal thrust unit, a vertical linear guide rail unit, a horizontal linear guide rail unit, a shearing box 11, a loading block 13 and a cushion block 14. The reaction frame comprises a base 1, a first side plate 2, a second side plate 3 and a split bolt 4; the horizontal thrust unit comprises a micro jack 5, a micro jack oil pipe 6, a bearing plate 7 and a bearing sensor 8; the vertical linear guide rail unit comprises a first linear guide rail 9 and a sliding block capable of sliding along the first linear guide rail; the horizontal linear guide unit includes a second linear guide 10 and a slider slidable along the second linear guide.
As shown in fig. 3, the base 1 in the reaction frame is horizontally arranged, and the first side plate 2 and the second side plate 3 are vertically arranged and form a right angle with the base 1; the base 1 is connected with the first side plate 2 and the second side plate 3 through bolts or other methods; in order to stably provide the normal force to the reaction frame and reduce the deformation of the reaction frame due to the normal force, the first side plate 2 and the second side plate 3 are connected by a split bolt 4. After the split bolts are adopted for connection, the characteristic that the bending resistance of the cantilever structure is weak is changed, the normal force bearing capacity can be improved, and the thicknesses of the first side plate and the second side plate can be reduced to reduce the manufacturing cost. The base 1 is tightly connected with the cushion block 14 by bolts or other methods.
As shown in fig. 4, the shear box 11 includes a first shear box 11.1 and a second shear box 11.2, both the first shear box 11.1 and the second shear box 11.2 are U-shaped structures, wherein a fastening bolt 11.3 is disposed at the bottom of the first shear box 11.1, a fastening bolt 11.4 is disposed at the top of the second shear box 11.2, and the corresponding fastening bolt passes through a screw hole of the corresponding shear box and is in threaded connection with the shear box; one end of the fastening bolt is connected or abutted with the gasket 12, the other end of the fastening bolt is positioned outside the shearing box, a test piece to be tested is fixed by screwing the fastening bolt, and meanwhile, the gasket 12 uniformly transmits the force of the fastening bolt to the test piece; the loading block 13 transfers the force of the tester ram to the shear box.
To more conveniently apply the horizontal thrust, a micro-jack is used to apply the normal force. The miniature jack 5 of the horizontal thrust unit is arranged between the second side plate 3 and the bearing plate 7; the bearing sensor 8 is fixed on the bearing plate 7, and the bearing plate 7 is not connected with the base 1; the miniature jack is connected with the pressurizing device through an oil pipe, a hydraulic rod of the miniature jack 5 pushes the bearing plate 7 to move leftwards, the bearing sensor 8 is connected with a display through a data transmission line, and the display is used for displaying the numerical value of the bearing sensor in real time.
Shear testing is performed on the half of the specimen, which may cause some deflection of the specimen. In order to avoid the deflection of the test piece, the first linear guide rail 9 is tightly connected with the first side plate by bolts or other methods; a sliding block in the first linear guide rail is connected with the first shearing box 11.1 by bolts or other modes, vertical displacement is provided for the first shearing box 11.1, and horizontal displacement of a test piece is limited; the second linear guide rail 10 is tightly connected with the cushion block 14 by bolts or other methods; the slider in the second linear guide adopts the bolt or other mode to link to each other with second shear box 11.2, for second shear box 11.2 provides horizontal displacement and restricts the vertical displacement of second shear box. Horizontal displacement and vertical displacement that only provide through second linear guide and first linear guide have prevented the deflection that probably takes place among the test piece loading process to this stability and the precision that improves the experiment.
In order to make the conduction of the normal force more stable, the center position of the slide block in the first linear guide rail is aligned with the center position of the first shearing box 11.1; the hydraulic rod of the jack 5 is aligned with the surface center position of the bearing sensor 8; the center position of the bearing sensor 8 is aligned with the center position of the side surface of the second shearing box 11.2, so that the uniform stress of the test piece on the left side and the right side of the shearing box is ensured.
The interface compression shear test device mainly comprises the following steps in the using process:
step 1: placing the interface compression shear test device on a single-shaft loading test machine;
step 2: placing a sample to be tested between the first shearing box 10.1 and the second shearing box 10.2, and screwing the fastening bolts 11.3 and 11.4 on the shearing boxes to tightly connect the shearing box gasket with the sample;
and 3, step 3: the micro jack 5 is gradually pressurized, the hydraulic rod pushes the bearing plate to move leftwards, the numerical value of the normal force is read through a display instrument connected with the bearing sensor 7, and the pressurization of the micro jack is stopped when the numerical value of the normal force reaches a specified value;
and 4, step 4: placing the loading block above the first shear box 11.1;
and 5: the uniaxial loading tester is started to load according to a specified loading mode and a specified loading rate, and the loading block 13 transmits the pressure of the tester to the shear box until the test piece is broken, as shown in fig. 5.
The above description is for the detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent changes or modifications accomplished under the technical spirit of the present invention should belong to the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An interface compression shear test device is characterized by comprising a reaction frame, wherein the reaction frame comprises a base (1) and a first side plate (2) and a second side plate (3) which are arranged in parallel, the first side plate (2) and the second side plate (3) are perpendicular to the plane of the top of the base (1), and the bottoms of the first side plate (2) and the second side plate (3) are respectively and fixedly connected with the left end and the right end of the base (1) correspondingly; the tops of the first side plate (2) and the second side plate (3) are fixed by a split screw (4);
the first shearing box (11.1) and the second shearing box (11.2) which are arranged between the first side plate (2) and the second side plate (3) and are positioned above the base (1) are both U-shaped structures with open front and rear ends, and the openings of the first shearing box (11.1) and the second shearing box (11.2) are oppositely arranged; a vertical linear guide rail unit which restricts the first shearing box (11.1) to move up and down only in the vertical direction is arranged between the back side of the first shearing box (11.1) opposite to the U-shaped opening and the first side plate (2), and a horizontal linear guide rail unit which restricts the second shearing box (11.2) to move left and right only in the direction vertical to the plate surface of the first side plate (2) or the plate surface of the second side plate (3) is arranged between the bottom of the second shearing box (11.2) and the base (1); the bottom of the first shearing box (11.1) and the top of the second shearing box (11.2) are respectively provided with a sample locking assembly; a horizontal thrust unit is arranged between the second shear box (11.2) and the second side plate (3).
2. The interfacial compression shear test device according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal thrust unit comprises a micro jack (5), a bearing plate (7) and a bearing sensor (8), the micro jack (5) is arranged between the second side plate (3) and the bearing plate (7); the bearing sensor (8) is fixed between the bearing plate (7) and the second shear box (11.2).
3. The interfacial compression shear test device according to claim 1, further comprising a spacer block (14), wherein the spacer block (14) is disposed between the base (1) and the horizontal linear guide unit, the bottom of the spacer block (14) is fixedly connected to the base, and the top of the spacer block (14) is fixedly connected to the horizontal linear guide unit.
4. An interface compression shear test device according to claim 1, wherein the vertical linear guide unit comprises a first linear guide (9) and a slide block which can slide along the first linear guide (9), the first linear guide (9) is fixedly connected with the first side plate (2), and the slide block is connected with the first shear box (11.1).
5. An interface compression shear test device according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal linear guide unit comprises a second linear guide (10) and a slide block which can slide along the second linear guide (10), the second linear guide (10) is fixedly connected with the cushion block (14), and the slide block is fixedly connected with the second shear box (11.2).
6. An interface compression shear test device according to claim 2, wherein the central position of the slide of the first linear guide (9) is aligned with the central position of the side of the first shear box (11.1); the hydraulic rod of the micro jack (5) is aligned with the surface center position of the bearing sensor (8); the surface center position of the bearing sensor (8) is aligned with the center position of the side surface of the second shear box (11.2).
7. The interfacial compression shear test device according to claim 1, wherein the sample locking assembly comprises a bolt (11.3) and a gasket (12), the gasket (12) is arranged on the inner side of the bottom of the first shear box (11.1) and the inner side of the top of the second shear box (11.2), and the corresponding bolt (11.3) passes through the screw hole of the corresponding shear box and is in threaded connection with the shear box; one end is connected or abutted with the gasket (12), and the other end is positioned outside the shearing box.
8. An interface compression shear test device according to claim 1, further comprising a loading block (13), wherein the loading block (13) is placed on top of the first shear box (11.1).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202222043160.7U CN218121641U (en) | 2022-08-04 | 2022-08-04 | Interface compression shear test device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202222043160.7U CN218121641U (en) | 2022-08-04 | 2022-08-04 | Interface compression shear test device |
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| CN218121641U true CN218121641U (en) | 2022-12-23 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116879058A (en) * | 2023-08-25 | 2023-10-13 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Self-reaction force shear test device and method applied to original graded coarse-grained soil |
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2022
- 2022-08-04 CN CN202222043160.7U patent/CN218121641U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116879058A (en) * | 2023-08-25 | 2023-10-13 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Self-reaction force shear test device and method applied to original graded coarse-grained soil |
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