CN109556968A - A kind of concrete is held to carry and be set and its test method - Google Patents
A kind of concrete is held to carry and be set and its test method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109556968A CN109556968A CN201811273095.9A CN201811273095A CN109556968A CN 109556968 A CN109556968 A CN 109556968A CN 201811273095 A CN201811273095 A CN 201811273095A CN 109556968 A CN109556968 A CN 109556968A
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- loading plate
- concrete
- plate
- screw rod
- load
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- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004154 testing of material Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/14—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by dead weight, e.g. pendulum; generated by springs tension
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0032—Generation of the force using mechanical means
- G01N2203/0033—Weight
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
It holds to carry the present invention relates to engineering material testing field more particularly to a kind of concrete and set and its test method.Including upper loading plate, lower loading plate and the screw rod for being evenly arranged on loading plate and lower loading plate edge, the every screw rod sequentially passes through loading plate and lower loading plate and can be with relative motion, it is characterized by: the lower loading plate lower end is additionally provided with bottom plate, the screw rod sequentially passes through loading plate, lower loading plate and bottom plate, the screw rod lower end is fixed with bottom plate, elastic device is provided between the lower loading plate and bottom plate, the upper loading plate, vertical stacking has and is bonded at the top of multiple concrete samples and the concrete sample of the top with lower bottom bearing plate between lower loading plate, the upper loading plate upper end is provided with concrete blocks；By external force vertical direction extruded concrete briquetting to be detected to concrete sample.Apparatus structure is simple, easily operated, assembling and convenient disassembly.
Description
Technical field
It holds to carry the present invention relates to engineering material testing field more particularly to a kind of concrete and set and its test method.
Background technique
The durability of concrete plays extremely important effect in the use process of whole building engineering, and many buildings are all
The phenomenon that in the presence of practical value is lost because of durability deficiency, to lose a large amount of physical resources and financial resources.Therefore, the resistance to of concrete is improved
Long property has high meaning for the service life of architectural engineering, the expense of later maintenance is reduced, to drop on the other hand
The cost of low engineering.
The environmental factors such as freeze thawing, corrosion and load are all an important factor for influencing concrete durability, at present for coagulation
The research of native durability, majority are the research based on single factor test, and the test of load and environmental factor coupling more close to
Practical Project, therefore, load with it is even more important to the research of concrete durability under environmental factor coupling.
Under load and environmental factor coupling in the test of concrete durability, holds to carry to set and be sent out as auxiliary device
Important role is waved, current holding is carried to be equipped with holding based on jack and carry and be set, by the mobile determination load of bubble
Hold to carry and set and hold to carry and set by directly tighten that bolt is further applied load.Holding based on jack, which carries, sets mostly
Design complex, assembling process has certain difficulty；Holding to carry and setting applied load for load is determined by the way that bubble is mobile
Numerical value cannot be excessive, otherwise not can guarantee the normal work of power transmission object；It is carried by holding of directly tightening that bolt is further applied load
Though it is simple and convenient to set structure design, tightening bolt has greatly difficulty, on the other hand, this tightening method it is difficult to ensure that applying
Uniform load.
Therefore, the present apparatus is directly used, applies the load of predetermined value by pressure testing machine, tightening nuts complete load
Follow-up test is carried out, on the one hand can guarantee the controllable and constant of load numerical value, on the other hand, in pressure testing machine pressure environment
Under to tighten suffered resistance when bolt smaller, thus implement simple.The use of the components such as gasket guarantees test specimen uniform force, entire to fill
It sets and controls the pressure loss in the smallest numerical value, therefore the device and its test method have great application prospect.
For the accuracy for ensuring to be further applied load, using it is preceding this is held to carry set and its test method carries out test verifying.It tests
Card method is to have pasted foil gauge in four screw rods, to detect the stress loss that screw rod and nut generate.The result shows that the dress
It sets and its stress loss of test method generation is in allowable range of error.Therefore the present apparatus and its test method were guaranteeing it both
Some a little under the premise of, accuracy equally meets test requirements document, can be completely applied to the research of concrete durability.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, adapt to reality and need, it is continuously micro- to provide a kind of rotating disc type
Measure powder transfer device.
In order to achieve the object of the present invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows:
A kind of concrete, which is held to carry, to be set, including upper loading plate, lower loading plate and is evenly arranged on loading plate and lower loading plate
The screw rod at edge, the every screw rod sequentially pass through loading plate and lower loading plate and can be with relative motion, the lower loading plates
Lower end is additionally provided with bottom plate, and the screw rod sequentially passes through loading plate, lower loading plate and bottom plate, the screw rod lower end and bottom plate
It is fixed, elastic device is provided between the lower loading plate and bottom plate, there is vertical stacking between the upper loading plate, lower loading plate
It is bonded at the top of multiple concrete samples and the concrete sample of the top with lower bottom bearing plate, the upper loading plate upper end setting
There are concrete blocks；By external force vertical direction extruded concrete briquetting to be detected to concrete sample.
It is provided with gasket and nut on the screw rod of the upper loading plate upper end, the nut is threaded to be bonded with loading plate；Institute
It states and is provided with gasket and nut on the screw rod above loading plate；Gasket and two spiral shells are provided on the lower section screw rod of the loading plate
Cap.
The elastic device is pole heavy load spring, and the screw rod between each lower loading plate and bottom plate is set with pole
Heavy load spring.
The pole heavy load spring is made of 55Si2Mn, internal diameter 15mm, outer diameter 30mm, free height 50mm, maximum compression
Amount: free height × 28%, i.e. 13.00mm, fixed number 22.50kgf/mm.
The upper loading plate and lower loading plate and bottom plate are made of general steel plate, and side length is 200 × 200mm, thickness
For 10mm.
The concrete sample is the test specimen of 100 × 100 × 100mm, and intensity is between C20~C60；Concrete blocks are
The concrete sample of C60 or more the intensity of size 100mm.
Step 1: the preparation before applying continuing load.Concrete sample is placed on above lower loading plate, coagulation is finely tuned
Native test specimen, aligns concrete sample, in order to avoid test specimen eccentric compression when load.After concrete sample places, upper carrying
Plate is placed on concrete sample by passing through screw rod, appropriate tightening nuts, and by device, whole (including concrete sample is placed on
On the disk of microcomputer controlled electro-hydraulic servo pressure testing machine.The concrete blocks for choosing C60 or more the intensity of size 100mm, set
Right above loading plate 1.Work out press machine loading scheme.
Step 2: apply continuing load.After having debugged press machine, start to apply load.Since device is whole after tightening nuts
The pressure loss of body can be ignored, therefore directly adopt the load of predetermined pressure F load, and loading speed 1000N/s reaches predetermined
Pressure testing machine dead load is kept for 30 minutes to guarantee to have sufficient time to tightening nuts after load, is slowly promoted after tightening nuts
Device whole (including concrete sample) is removed from pressure testing machine device and carried out under respective environment factor by pressure testing machine
Concrete durability experiment.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) apparatus structure is simple, easily operated, assembling and convenient disassembly.
(2) pressure testing machine is capable of providing the constant pressure arbitrarily met the requirements, and can accurately read load numerical value.
(3) under the action of pressure testing machine, the process drag minimization of bolt is tightened, easy to operate and stress loss is small.
(4) according to the verifying before test, the pressure that the components such as screw rod lose after pressure testing machine is further applied load permits in error
Perhaps in range.
(5) guarantee that device entirety and test specimen can be put into testing machine according to design, and then meet concrete sample energy
Enough requirements for receiving persistently constant load.
(6) setting of the components such as gasket is preferably minimized the loss of compression.
(7) setting of pole heavy load spring makes device maintain to balance in the loaded state, while making power stepless action in mixed
Solidifying soil test specimen.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is described further with case study on implementation with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is that a kind of concrete suitable under load and environmental factor coupling is held to carry and set and its test method
Device front view；
Fig. 2 is that a kind of concrete suitable under load and environmental factor coupling is held to carry and set and its test method
Device perspective view.
Wherein loading plate on 1,2 lower loading plates, 3 bottom plates, 4 screw rods, 8 pole heavy load springs, 9 nuts, 10 gaskets, 11 tops
Concrete sample, 14 concrete blocks.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples:
Referring to Fig. 1-2.
It holds to carry the invention discloses a kind of concrete and set, including upper loading plate 1, lower loading plate 2 and being evenly arranged on is held
The screw rod 4 of support plate 1 and lower 2 edge of loading plate, the every screw rod 4 sequentially pass through loading plate 1 and lower loading plate 2 and can phases
To movement, lower 2 lower end of loading plate is additionally provided with bottom plate 3, the screw rod 4 sequentially pass through loading plate 1, lower loading plate 2 with
And bottom plate 3,4 lower end of screw rod and bottom plate 3 are fixed, are provided with elastic device between the lower loading plate 2 and bottom plate 3, described
Between upper loading plate 1, lower loading plate 2 vertical stacking have multiple concrete samples 11 and the top of the concrete sample of the top 11 with
Lower 2 bottom of loading plate fitting, upper 1 upper end of loading plate is provided with concrete blocks 14；It is squeezed by external force vertical direction mixed
Solidifying soil pressure block 14 is to detect concrete sample 11.
Gasket 10 and nut 9 are provided on the screw rod 4 of 1 upper end of upper loading plate, the nut 9 is threaded to and loading plate 1
Fitting；Gasket 10 and nut 9 are provided on the screw rod 4 of 3 top of loading plate；It is arranged on the lower section screw rod 4 of the loading plate 3
There are gasket 10 and two nuts 9.
The elastic device is pole heavy load spring 8, and the screw rod 4 between each lower loading plate 2 and bottom plate 3 is set with
There is pole heavy load spring 8.
The pole heavy load spring is made of 55Si2Mn, internal diameter 15mm, outer diameter 30mm, free height 50mm, maximum compression
Amount: free height × 28%, i.e. 13.00mm, fixed number 22.50kgf/mm.
The upper loading plate 1 and lower loading plate 2 and bottom plate 3 are made of general steel plate, and side length is 200 × 200mm, thick
Degree is 10mm.
The concrete sample is the test specimen of 100 × 100 × 100mm, and intensity is between C20~C60；Concrete blocks
It (14) is the concrete sample of C60 or more the intensity of size 100mm.
Step 1: the preparation before applying continuing load.Concrete sample 11 is placed on lower 2 top of loading plate, fine tuning
Concrete sample 11 aligns concrete sample 11, in order to avoid test specimen eccentric compression when load.Concrete sample 11 places
Afterwards, upper loading plate 1 is placed on concrete sample 11 by passing through screw rod 4, appropriate tightening nuts 9, by device it is whole (including
Concrete sample 11) it is placed on the disk of microcomputer controlled electro-hydraulic servo pressure testing machine.Choose the C60 or more of size 100mm
The concrete blocks 14 of intensity are placed in right above loading plate 1.Work out press machine loading scheme.
Step 2: apply continuing load.After having debugged press machine, start to apply load.Since device is whole after tightening nuts 9
The pressure loss of body can be ignored, therefore directly adopt the load of predetermined pressure F load, and loading speed 1000N/s reaches predetermined
Pressure testing machine dead load is kept for 30 minutes to guarantee to have sufficient time to tightening nuts 9 after load, is slowly mentioned after tightening nuts 9
Boost force tester, and device whole (including concrete sample) is removed device from pressure testing machine and carries out respective environment factor
Lower concrete durability experiment.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, all to utilize this hair
Equivalents made by bright specification and accompanying drawing content are applied directly or indirectly in relevant technical field, are similarly included in
In scope of patent protection of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of concrete is held to carry and be set, including upper loading plate (1), lower loading plate (2) and be evenly arranged on loading plate (1) and under
The screw rod (4) at loading plate (2) edge, the every screw rod (4) sequentially pass through loading plate (1) and lower loading plate (2) and can be with
Relative motion, it is characterised in that: lower loading plate (2) lower end is additionally provided with bottom plate (3), and the screw rod (4) sequentially passes through
Loading plate (1), lower loading plate (2) and bottom plate (3), screw rod (4) lower end and bottom plate (3) are fixed, the lower loading plate (2)
Elastic device is provided between bottom plate (3), vertical stacking there are multiple coagulations between the upper loading plate (1), lower loading plate (2)
It is bonded at the top of the concrete sample (11) of native test specimen (11) and the top with lower loading plate (2) bottom, on the upper loading plate (1)
End is provided with concrete blocks (14)；By external force vertical direction extruded concrete briquetting (14) to concrete sample (11)
Detection.
It is set 2. a kind of concrete according to claim 1 is held to carry, it is characterised in that: upper loading plate (1) upper end
Gasket 10 and nut 9 are provided on screw rod (4), the nut 9 is threaded to be bonded with loading plate (1)；The spiral shell of 3 top of loading plate
Bar is provided with gasket 10 and nut 9 on (4)；Gasket 10 and two nuts 9 are provided on the lower section screw rod (4) of the loading plate 3.
It is set 3. a kind of concrete according to claim 1 is held to carry, it is characterised in that: the elastic device is pole heavy load
Spring 8, the screw rod (4) between each lower loading plate (2) and bottom plate (3) are set with pole heavy load spring 8.
Set 4. a kind of concrete according to claim 3 is held to carry, it is characterised in that: the pole heavy load spring by
55Si2Mn is made, internal diameter 15mm, outer diameter 30mm, free height 50mm, maximum compressibility: free height × 28%, i.e.,
13.00mm fixed number 22.50kgf/mm.
It is set 5. a kind of concrete according to claim 1 is held to carry, it is characterised in that: upper loading plate (1) He Xiacheng
Support plate (2) and bottom plate (3) are made of general steel plate, and side length is 200 × 200mm, with a thickness of 10mm.
Set 6. a kind of concrete according to claim 1 is held to carry, it is characterised in that: the concrete sample be 100 ×
The test specimen of 100 × 100mm, intensity is between C20~C60；Concrete blocks (14) are C60 or more the intensity of size 100mm
Concrete sample.
7. a kind of concrete according to claim 1 is held to carry and be set and its test method, it is characterised in that: including following step
It is rapid:
Step 1: the preparation before applying continuing load.Concrete sample 11 is placed on above lower loading plate (2), fine tuning is mixed
Solidifying soil test specimen 11, aligns concrete sample 11, in order to avoid test specimen eccentric compression when load.After concrete sample 11 places,
Upper loading plate (1) is placed on concrete sample 11 by passing through screw rod (4), appropriate tightening nuts 9, by the whole (packet of device
Include concrete sample 11) it is placed on the disk of microcomputer controlled electro-hydraulic servo pressure testing machine.Choose size 100mm C60 with
The concrete blocks (14) of upper intensity are placed in right above loading plate 1.Work out press machine loading scheme.
Step 2: apply continuing load.After having debugged press machine, start to apply load.Due to device entirety after tightening nuts 9
The pressure loss can be ignored, therefore directly adopt the load of predetermined pressure F load, and loading speed 1000N/s reaches pre- constant load
Pressure testing machine dead load is kept for 30 minutes to guarantee to have sufficient time to tightening nuts 9 afterwards, slowly promotes pressure after tightening nuts 9
Device whole (including concrete sample) is removed from pressure testing machine device and mix under respective environment factor by force tester
Solidifying soil durability test.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811273095.9A CN109556968A (en) | 2018-10-30 | 2018-10-30 | A kind of concrete is held to carry and be set and its test method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811273095.9A CN109556968A (en) | 2018-10-30 | 2018-10-30 | A kind of concrete is held to carry and be set and its test method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109556968A true CN109556968A (en) | 2019-04-02 |
Family
ID=65865349
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811273095.9A Pending CN109556968A (en) | 2018-10-30 | 2018-10-30 | A kind of concrete is held to carry and be set and its test method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109556968A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112834320A (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-05-25 | 贵州大学 | Dry-wet cycle triaxial testing machine and use method thereof |
| CN113567265A (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2021-10-29 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | Concrete bending moment testing device and testing method thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201681017U (en) * | 2009-10-22 | 2010-12-22 | 北京航空航天大学 | Continual loading device for reinforced concrete beam freeze-thawing loading coupling durability test |
| CN102213660A (en) * | 2010-04-12 | 2011-10-12 | 青岛理工大学 | Concrete constant-tension holding and composite corrosion test device |
| CN102507616A (en) * | 2011-11-08 | 2012-06-20 | 东南大学 | Loading device for testing cement-based materials in situ through X-ray computer tomography |
| CN102778399A (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2012-11-14 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Loading device and method for exposure test of compression concrete |
| CN102980839A (en) * | 2012-11-19 | 2013-03-20 | 南京航空航天大学 | Device and method for determination of permeability coefficient of chloride ions in concrete |
| CN103149100A (en) * | 2013-02-18 | 2013-06-12 | 东南大学 | Concrete axis stretching creep tester and test method thereof |
| CN103362318A (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2013-10-23 | 盐城工学院 | Prefabricated TRC (textile reinforced concrete) plate-reinforced type reinforced concrete device and interface treatment method |
| CN206362641U (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-07-28 | 中国石油大学(华东) | The long-term loading device of concrete sample under salt mist environment |
| CN107543755A (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2018-01-05 | 中南大学 | Load couples down concrete durability experiment device and evaluation method with Frozen-thawed cycled |
| CN107941268A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-04-20 | 河海大学 | A kind of method that concrete sample humiture is measured under constant shaft press loading effect |
-
2018
- 2018-10-30 CN CN201811273095.9A patent/CN109556968A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201681017U (en) * | 2009-10-22 | 2010-12-22 | 北京航空航天大学 | Continual loading device for reinforced concrete beam freeze-thawing loading coupling durability test |
| CN102213660A (en) * | 2010-04-12 | 2011-10-12 | 青岛理工大学 | Concrete constant-tension holding and composite corrosion test device |
| CN102507616A (en) * | 2011-11-08 | 2012-06-20 | 东南大学 | Loading device for testing cement-based materials in situ through X-ray computer tomography |
| CN102778399A (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2012-11-14 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Loading device and method for exposure test of compression concrete |
| CN102980839A (en) * | 2012-11-19 | 2013-03-20 | 南京航空航天大学 | Device and method for determination of permeability coefficient of chloride ions in concrete |
| CN103149100A (en) * | 2013-02-18 | 2013-06-12 | 东南大学 | Concrete axis stretching creep tester and test method thereof |
| CN103362318A (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2013-10-23 | 盐城工学院 | Prefabricated TRC (textile reinforced concrete) plate-reinforced type reinforced concrete device and interface treatment method |
| CN206362641U (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-07-28 | 中国石油大学(华东) | The long-term loading device of concrete sample under salt mist environment |
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| CN107941268A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-04-20 | 河海大学 | A kind of method that concrete sample humiture is measured under constant shaft press loading effect |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112834320A (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-05-25 | 贵州大学 | Dry-wet cycle triaxial testing machine and use method thereof |
| CN113567265A (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2021-10-29 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | Concrete bending moment testing device and testing method thereof |
| CN113567265B (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2024-01-19 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | Concrete bending moment testing device and testing method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20190402 |