CN110987658B - Three-point bending loading device suitable for nano-indentation instrument - Google Patents
Three-point bending loading device suitable for nano-indentation instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN110987658B CN110987658B CN201911420335.8A CN201911420335A CN110987658B CN 110987658 B CN110987658 B CN 110987658B CN 201911420335 A CN201911420335 A CN 201911420335A CN 110987658 B CN110987658 B CN 110987658B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/20—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady bending forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0023—Bending
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/006—Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
- G01N2203/0062—Crack or flaws
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
- G01N2203/0262—Shape of the specimen
- G01N2203/027—Specimens with holes or notches
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a three-point bending loading device suitable for a nanoindentor, which comprises a bearing device, an actuating device and a test sample with a notch, wherein the bearing device is arranged on the lower part of the test sample; the bearing device comprises a side vertical plate, a fixed end plate, a pressure-bearing bottom plate and a positioning end plate, wherein bolt holes are formed in the side vertical plate, the side vertical plate and the positioning end plate are fixed through two rows of fastening bolts, threaded through holes are formed in the side surface of the side vertical plate, fastening screws penetrate through the through holes in a rotating mode to fix the notch sample in a calibrating and positioning mode, a guide rail is laid on the pressure-bearing bottom plate, and a vertical limiting bearing is arranged on the pressure; the actuating device comprises an actuating jack, a replaceable pressure head, a movable loading pedestal and a fixed loading pedestal; the loading pedestal is provided with a T-shaped slot, the replaceable pressure head is inserted into the slot for fixation, and the inner side of the replaceable pressure head is provided with a tip end which is contacted with the sample. The invention provides a matched loading device suitable for a micro sample based on a nano indentation characterization technology and a nano indenter, and provides an effective test equipment basis for researching mechanical parameters of a plastic zone at the tip of a crack of a material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rock mechanics test equipment, in particular to a rock sample three-point bending loading device which is suitable for a micro-nano mechanics test system and is matched with a nano-indenter.
Background
The mechanical parameters of the rock such as the elastic modulus, the fracture toughness and the like have important significance for researching the formation and extension rule of a complex fracture network during rock fracturing transformation, developing exploration and carrying out drilling and tunnel engineering design. The traditional macroscopic mechanical parameter testing method has higher requirements on the size and the integrity of a rock sample, but the coring quality is difficult to guarantee due to the instability of the physicochemical properties of the rock and the development of a weak layer joint surface or a natural crack. The traditional mechanical experiment testing method is expensive, long in period, large in data discreteness and limited in engineering value; therefore, the search for efficient, simple and reliable mechanical parameter testing methods and means has been a hot concern in the fields of rock mechanics and engineering.
The three-point bending test is often used by domestic and foreign scholars to discuss the problems of the initiation, the expansion and the fracture of the crack of the material in the research and the practice of the crack expansion and the fracture of the material. However, reliable parametric measurement techniques have been lacking for morphological characterization and mechanical properties of the plastic zone at the crack tip. The method can overcome the limitation of the traditional experimental method by finding a proper method to represent the mechanical property of the rock crack tip, and has great use for scientific research and engineering application.
The indentation measurement is taken as a micro-nano scale mechanical testing technology with great development prospect, compared with the traditional macroscopic mechanical destructive test, the nano indentation measuring instrument provides nondestructive testing of large-range load and high resolution, and the measurement range of material behavior is widened; the method can measure hardness, elastic modulus, fracture toughness, viscoelastic property and the like, and greatly reduces the requirements on the quality and the size of the rock sample. Meanwhile, the rock is used as a multiphase material, the characteristics and properties of the composition minerals of the rock are different, and the inoculation, the expansion and the penetration of internal microcracks are main microscopic mechanical factors influencing the macroscopic deformation and damage of the rock; therefore, the microstructure, mineral composition characteristics and micro mechanical characteristics of the rock are researched, and the macroscopic deformation damage characteristics of the rock can be better analyzed. However, due to the limitation of a load means, the conventional indentation measurement environment is simple, and the real mechanical characteristics of the rock in a complex stress state cannot be simulated. At present, no perfect experimental device design is available on an indentation measuring instrument, and the indentation measuring instrument can simultaneously carry out loading and mesomechanics measurement on a rock sample. Therefore, the invention aims to provide a three-point bending loading device suitable for a nanoindenter, which can load a rock sample and can measure the mechanical properties of a tensile stress area and a crack tip plastic area of a material based on a nanoindentation technology.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems in the prior art is as follows:
a three-point bending loading device suitable for a nano-indenter comprises a bearing device, an actuating device and a sample with a notch, wherein the bearing device comprises a first side vertical plate and a second side vertical plate which are oppositely arranged, fixed end plates and positioning end plates which are positioned at two ends of the two side vertical plates, and a pressure-bearing bottom plate which is positioned at the bottom; the outer side faces, opposite to each other, of the first side vertical plate and the second side vertical plate are provided with through holes at the same horizontal height, the inner wall of each hole is provided with threads, a first adjusting and fastening screw penetrates through a bolt through hole formed in the first side vertical plate, a second adjusting and fastening screw penetrates through a bolt through hole formed in the second side vertical plate, a sample with a notch is fixed between the first adjusting and fastening screw and the second adjusting and fastening screw, the first adjusting and fastening screw and the second adjusting and fastening screw are adjusted to carry out calibration and fixation, a guide rail is laid on the upper surface of the pressure-bearing bottom plate, and a vertical limiting bearing is arranged on the guide;
the actuating device comprises an actuating jack, a first replaceable pressure head, a second replaceable pressure head, a movable loading pedestal and a fixed loading pedestal; the fixed loading pedestal is arranged on the inner side of the fixed end plate and is provided with a T-shaped slot, the movable loading pedestal is provided with a T-shaped slot and is laid on the guide rail through a vertical limiting bearing, the first replaceable pressure head and the second replaceable pressure head are respectively inserted on the T-shaped slots of the fixed loading pedestal and the movable loading pedestal, the center of the positioning end plate is provided with a circular bearing port, and the actuating jack is connected with the oil cylinder through the circular bearing port and is sealed by a sealing backing ring in an encapsulation way; the oil cylinder is respectively connected with a manual pump and a high-precision control pump through a three-way connecting pipe and a stop valve.
The first side vertical plate, the second side vertical plate, the fixed end plate and the positioning end plate are fixed with each other by two rows of fastening bolts.
The guide rail lay on bearing bottom plate, but the movable loading pedestal bottom is installed on the guide rail through vertical spacing bearing, utilizes vertical spacing bearing can fix movable loading pedestal and keep on same water flat line with the center that actuates the jack all the time at the slip in-process.
The fixed loading pedestal be "L" type, two lateral walls respectively with fixed end plate, pressure-bearing bottom plate welded connection, all be provided with "T" shaped steel system dull polish slot on fixed loading pedestal and the portable loading pedestal.
First interchangeable pressure head for the inboard that obtains through rolling has the steel member of two arriss points, second interchangeable pressure head is inboard central point and puts the steel member that has an arris point, first interchangeable pressure head and the second interchangeable pressure head outside are "T" type, insert respectively in fixed loading pedestal and the portable "T" shaped steel system dull polish slot on the loading pedestal.
Bolt holes are preset in the first side vertical plate and the second side vertical plate at the same horizontal height, the first adjusting fastening screw and the second adjusting fastening screw respectively penetrate through the bolt holes, the front relative position and the rear relative position are adjusted through rotation, and a sample with a notch is calibrated and fixed through adjusting the first adjusting fastening screw and the second adjusting fastening screw.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. the device has the advantages of simple structure, small volume, compact structure, simple sample loading process and convenient disassembly, and can be flexibly placed into most of nano-indenters to perform indentation measurement on a clamped sample in cooperation with the indenters;
2. the side vertical plate is a main counter-force bearing plate, and the first/second side vertical plate is connected with the end plate by double-row fastened high-strength bolts, so that the geometric stability of the whole loading box system is ensured;
3. the invention adopts the traditional three-point bending loading, has stable and reliable loading means, can generate a tensile stress area on one side of a sample, and provides a matched loading device suitable for a tiny sample for a conventional nanoindentor;
4. based on the nano-indentation characterization technology and the nano-indentation instrument, an effective test equipment foundation is provided for researching the mechanical characteristics of the plastic zone of the crack tip of the material.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the operation of the three point bend loading apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view in cross section of a three point bend loading apparatus of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-fastening a bolt; 2-1-a first adjusting fastening screw; 2-2-a second adjusting and fastening screw; 3-1-a first interchangeable indenter; 3-2-a second interchangeable press head; 4-1-a first lateral riser; 4-2-a second side riser; 5-actuating the jack; 6-fixing the end plate; 7-a fixed load pedestal; 8-a pressure-bearing bottom plate; 9-a movable load pedestal; 10-positioning the end plate; 11-a guide rail; 12-vertical limit bearings; 13-a sealing gasket ring; 14-oil cylinder; 15-three-way connecting pipe; 16-a manual pump; 17-a stop valve; 18-high precision control pump.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the following embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a three-point bending loading device for a nanoindenter includes a bearing device, an actuating device, and a sample with a notch;
the bearing device comprises a first side vertical plate 4-1, a second side vertical plate 4-2, a fixed end plate 6, a pressure bearing bottom plate 8 and a positioning end plate 10;
the first side vertical plate 4-1, the second side vertical plate 4-2, the fixed end plate 6 and the positioning end plate 10 are all provided with bolt holes, the first side vertical plate 4-1, the second side vertical plate 4-2, the fixed end plate 6 and the positioning end plate 10 are fixed with two rows of fastening bolts 1, the opposite outer side surfaces of the first side vertical plate 4-1 and the second side vertical plate 4-2 are both provided with through holes at the same horizontal height, the inner wall of the through hole is provided with threads, the first adjusting fastening screw 2-1 penetrates through the bolt through hole arranged on the first side vertical plate 4-1, the second adjusting fastening screw 2-2 penetrates through the bolt through hole arranged on the second side vertical plate 4-2, a sample S1 with a notch is fixed between the first adjusting fastening screw 2-1 and the second adjusting fastening screw 2-2, and is calibrated and fixed by adjusting the first adjusting fastening screw 2-1 and the second adjusting fastening screw 2-2, a guide rail 11 is laid on the upper surface of the pressure-bearing bottom plate 8, and a vertical limiting bearing 12 is arranged on the guide rail 11;
the actuating device comprises an actuating jack 5, a first replaceable pressing head 3-1, a second replaceable pressing head 3-2, a movable loading pedestal 9 and a fixed loading pedestal 7;
the positioning end plate 10 reserve the circular port, actuate jack 5 and set up in positioning end plate 10 circular port, be equipped with peripheral hardware hydro-cylinder 14 outward to sealed by sealing backing ring 13, the hydro-cylinder 14 is connected with manual pump 16 and high-accuracy control pump 18 respectively through tee bend connecting pipe 15, the external oil pipe of stop valve 17, through controlling manual pump 16 or high-accuracy control pump 18, provides power for actuating jack 5.
The specific working process of the invention is as follows:
the positioning end plates 10 and the fixed end plates 6 which are fixed at two ends of the pressure-bearing bottom plate 8 are mutually parallel and are provided with threaded holes, the reserved bolt holes of the first side vertical plate 4-1 and the second side vertical plate 4-2 are respectively aligned with the bolt holes of the fixed end plate 6 and the positioning end plate 10, fastening bolts 1 are sequentially penetrated, and the side vertical plates and the end plates are screwed and fixed; as shown in fig. 2, before filling the sample S1, the first interchangeable indenter 3-1 is inserted and fixed into the "T" shaped steel frosted slot of the fixed loading platform 7, and the vertical limit bearing 12 inherent to the movable loading platform 9 is installed parallel to the guide rail 11 and slightly slides back and forth by hand to ensure that the movable loading platform 9 can move back and forth freely; the actuating jack 5 is arranged in a circular hole of the positioning end plate 10 and fixed, an oil cylinder 14 is connected outside, and a manual pump 16 and a high-precision control pump 18 are respectively connected with the external oil cylinder 14 by a three-way connecting pipe 15 and a stop valve 17. And (3) closing the stop valve 17, moving the device into the nanoindenter, placing the nanoindenter in a working area of a nanoindentation probe, filling a notch sample S1 with a polished surface, adjusting the position of the device, moving an area to be detected of the sample S1 below the nanoindenter probe, opening the stop valve 17, operating the high-precision control pump 18 and the nanoindenter, and measuring the mechanical properties of the sample.
The mounting method of the sample S1 specifically comprises the following steps: the first adjusting and fastening screw 2-1 and the second adjusting and fastening screw 2-2 respectively penetrate through threaded holes reserved on the side surfaces of the first lateral vertical plate 4-1 and the second lateral vertical plate in parallel, the penetrating distance is adjusted by rotating the screws, the notch sample S1 with the polished surface is subjected to surface polishing treatment according to two tip positions inherent to the first replaceable pressure head 3-1, the relative positions of the first adjusting and fastening screw 2-1 and the second adjusting and fastening screw 2-2 are properly adjusted to preliminarily fix the sample S1, the sample S1 is contacted with the tip of the first replaceable pressure head 3-1 and kept horizontal, the stop valve 17 is opened, the manual pump 16 is controlled, the jack 5 is actuated to extrude the movable loading pedestal 9 to move forwards, and after the tips of the first replaceable pressure head 3-1 and the second replaceable pressure head 3-2 are contacted with the sample S1, pre-extrusion force is generated, the stop valve 17 is closed and the first adjusting tightening screw 2-1 or the second adjusting tightening screw 2-2 is rotated to disengage the test specimen S1, i.e. the test specimen S1 is held and fixed only by the tips of the first exchangeable head 3-1 and the second exchangeable head 3-2.
The protective scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it is apparent that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. It is intended that the present invention cover the modifications and variations of this invention provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a three curved loading device suitable for nanoindentation appearance which characterized in that: the device comprises a bearing device, an actuating device and a sample with a notch, wherein the bearing device comprises a first side vertical plate, a second side vertical plate, a fixed end plate and a positioning end plate which are arranged oppositely, a pressure-bearing bottom plate which is arranged at the bottom, and fixed end plates and positioning end plates which are arranged at two ends of the two side vertical plates; the outer side faces, opposite to each other, of the first side vertical plate and the second side vertical plate are provided with through holes at the same horizontal height, the inner wall of each hole is provided with threads, a first adjusting and fastening screw penetrates through a bolt through hole formed in the first side vertical plate, a second adjusting and fastening screw penetrates through a bolt through hole formed in the second side vertical plate, a sample with a notch is fixed between the first adjusting and fastening screw and the second adjusting and fastening screw, the first adjusting and fastening screw and the second adjusting and fastening screw are adjusted to carry out calibration and fixation, a guide rail is laid on the upper surface of the pressure-bearing bottom plate, and a vertical limiting bearing is arranged on the guide;
the actuating device comprises an actuating jack, a first replaceable pressure head, a second replaceable pressure head, a movable loading pedestal and a fixed loading pedestal; the fixed loading pedestal is arranged on the inner side of the fixed end plate and is provided with a T-shaped slot, the movable loading pedestal is provided with a T-shaped slot and is laid on the guide rail through a vertical limiting bearing, the first replaceable pressure head and the second replaceable pressure head are respectively inserted on the T-shaped slots of the fixed loading pedestal and the movable loading pedestal, the center of the positioning end plate is provided with a circular bearing port, and the actuating jack is connected with the oil cylinder through the circular bearing port and is sealed by a sealing backing ring in an encapsulation way; the oil cylinder is respectively connected with a manual pump and a high-precision control pump through a three-way connecting pipe and a stop valve.
2. The three-point bending loading device suitable for the nanoindenter of claim 1, wherein: the first side vertical plate, the second side vertical plate, the fixed end plate and the positioning end plate are fixed with each other by two rows of fastening bolts.
3. The three-point bending loading device suitable for the nanoindenter of claim 1, wherein: the guide rail lay on bearing bottom plate, but the movable loading pedestal bottom is installed on the guide rail through vertical spacing bearing, utilizes vertical spacing bearing can fix movable loading pedestal and keep on same water flat line with the center that actuates the jack all the time at the slip in-process.
4. The three-point bending loading device suitable for the nanoindenter of claim 1, wherein: the fixed loading pedestal be "L" type, two lateral walls respectively with fixed end plate, pressure-bearing bottom plate welded connection, all be provided with "T" shaped steel system dull polish slot on fixed loading pedestal and the portable loading pedestal.
5. The three-point bending loading device suitable for the nanoindenter of claim 1, wherein: first interchangeable pressure head for the inboard that obtains through rolling has the steel member of two arriss points, second interchangeable pressure head is inboard central point and puts the steel member that has an arris point, first interchangeable pressure head and the second interchangeable pressure head outside are "T" type, insert respectively in fixed loading pedestal and the portable "T" shaped steel system dull polish slot on the loading pedestal.
6. The three-point bending loading device suitable for the nanoindenter of claim 1, wherein: bolt holes are preset in the first side vertical plate and the second side vertical plate at the same horizontal height, the first adjusting fastening screw and the second adjusting fastening screw respectively penetrate through the bolt holes, the front relative position and the rear relative position are adjusted through rotation, and a sample with a notch is calibrated and fixed through adjusting the first adjusting fastening screw and the second adjusting fastening screw.
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CN112014237B (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2021-12-24 | 山东大学 | Device and method for preparing cement stone microscopic sample and testing bending tensile strength |
CN112364514B (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2022-07-22 | 中南大学 | Rock macroscopic fracture toughness calculation method based on nanoindentation technology |
CN112945747B (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2022-04-01 | 武汉大学 | Three-dimensional pressure loading device suitable for nanoindentation test system |
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JPH0640066B2 (en) * | 1987-07-27 | 1994-05-25 | 日本電気株式会社 | Adhesion force measuring device |
US6053034A (en) * | 1998-10-09 | 2000-04-25 | Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. | Method for measuring fracture toughness of thin films |
CN201464292U (en) * | 2009-07-01 | 2010-05-12 | 燕山大学 | Clamp for tests on porous light-weight materials |
CN203337492U (en) * | 2013-06-14 | 2013-12-11 | 吉林大学 | In-situ nanoindentation tester based on adjustable stretching-bending pre-load |
CN207396248U (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2018-05-22 | 北京首钢股份有限公司 | A kind of Vickers hardness test auxiliary device |
US10996152B2 (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2021-05-04 | Kla-Tencor Corporation | Apparatus and method for two dimensional nanoindentation |
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