CN113519355A - Method for improving heat storage and heat preservation effects and plant lighting effects of greenhouse facilities - Google Patents
Method for improving heat storage and heat preservation effects and plant lighting effects of greenhouse facilities Download PDFInfo
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- CN113519355A CN113519355A CN202110530222.4A CN202110530222A CN113519355A CN 113519355 A CN113519355 A CN 113519355A CN 202110530222 A CN202110530222 A CN 202110530222A CN 113519355 A CN113519355 A CN 113519355A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
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- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
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- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving heat storage and insulation effects and plant lighting effects of greenhouse facilities, which relates to the technical field of planting and comprises the following steps: (1) high ridge forming treatment, (2) high ridge top planting area treatment, and (3) plant planting treatment. The invention provides a method for improving the heat storage and insulation effects and the lighting effects of plants of greenhouse facilities, which is simple and novel and easy to popularize and apply, wherein the planting mode of forming high ridges, planting areas at the tops of the high ridges and obliquely growing plants to south according to the east-west direction solves the problems of poor heat storage and insulation effects, high heating energy consumption in winter and high production cost of greenhouse facilities without rear walls; meanwhile, the problem that the illumination utilization rate is low due to the fact that sunlight and sunlight irradiate walking areas between ridges to shield plants caused by close planting of the plants such as strawberries, blueberries and dwarf large cherries and the like is solved, the plants can uniformly and fully receive illumination, the growth and development of the plants are optimized, the crop quality and the crop yield are improved, and the planting benefit is increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of planting, in particular to a method for improving heat storage and heat preservation effects and plant lighting effects of greenhouse facilities.
Background
In the prior art, a greenhouse facility which is built in a large number in a shou-light area is of a heat storage rear wall structure, so that heat storage in daytime and heat release at night can be realized, four-season planting can be realized without heating, the greenhouse facility has the advantage of high production efficiency, but the greenhouse facility also has the defects of high construction cost and low agricultural land utilization rate, and the general land utilization rate can only reach 45%. The greenhouse facility without the rear wall has the advantage of high agricultural land utilization rate, but the problems of poor heat preservation effect and high heating energy consumption cost in winter generally exist, the four-season planting is difficult to realize, and the agricultural production efficiency is severely limited. The existing greenhouse facility technology can not meet the guidance requirements of 'increasing the income of farmers', 'saving energy and reducing emission' and 'improving the utilization rate of agricultural land' advocated by the nation at the same time, and a novel technical method capable of improving the heat storage and heat preservation effects of greenhouse facilities is urgently needed.
In the prior art, the cultivation modes of strawberry, blueberry and other plants are common, and the ridging or planting facilities are mostly in the south-north direction, because the ridging or planting facilities arranged according to the east-west direction of the traditional upright planting method have the problems of low single-row planting density, low total output and uneven lighting and poor quality of the plants in the north side of double-row planting, the benefit of the ridging or planting facilities in the south-north direction is better, but the problem of low illumination utilization rate caused by the fact that sunlight irradiates walking areas among ridges is also existed; and traditional cultivation mode all is the plant upright growth, closes on the plant and can shelter from a large amount of direct sunlight and scattered light each other, and plant daylighting effect is poor, influences the promotion of quality and output. The prior cultivation technology can not meet the requirements of improving the quality and the yield of lower short plants such as strawberries, blueberries, dwarf large cherries and the like, and a cultivation method capable of improving the heat storage and insulation effects of greenhouse facilities and the lighting effect of plants is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a method for improving the heat storage and preservation effect and the plant lighting effect of a greenhouse facility.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for improving heat storage and insulation effects and plant lighting effects of greenhouse facilities comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) high ridge forming treatment:
high ridges are formed on the planting field according to the east-west direction for treatment, adjacent high ridges are arranged in parallel, inter-ridge walking areas are arranged between every two high ridges, and the inter-ridge walking areas are located in the shading range of plants on the south ridges;
(2) and (3) high ridge top planting area treatment:
arranging a planting area at the top of the high ridge, and planting plants in the planting area;
(3) plant planting treatment:
and planting the plants in the planting areas at the tops of the high ridges, planting plants in the top planting area of each high ridge, wherein one of the plants is a vertically growing plant, the other one of the plants is a south-inclined growing plant, and each vertically growing plant and each inclined growing plant are arranged at intervals.
Further, the material of the ridge body in the step (1) is any one of soil, planting matrix or high heat storage capacity material when the ridge body is used for forming the high ridge, and the ridge body is used for supporting the top planting area and storing heat in the daytime and releasing heat at night.
Further, the top planting area in the step (2) is any one of soil at the top of the high ridge, planting matrix or cultivation facilities placed at the top of the high ridge.
Furthermore, the cultivation facility is any one of a planting bag, a planting strip, a planting groove, a planting frame and a root limiter.
Further, the plant planting treatment in step (3) can be selected from double-row planting or single-row planting, wherein the north side of the double-row planting is a vertically growing plant, the south side of the double-row planting is a south obliquely growing plant, each vertically growing plant and the south obliquely growing plant are arranged at an oblique interval, namely, one plant in one row exactly corresponds to the middle position of two plants in the other row, and the plant distances of the plants in each row are equal; wherein the single-row planting is that the plants growing vertically and the plants growing obliquely south are arranged at intervals, and the planting distance of each plant is equal.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a method for improving the heat storage and insulation effects and the lighting effects of plants of greenhouse facilities, which is simple and novel and easy to popularize and apply, wherein a planting mode of high ridges, high ridge top planting areas and plants growing obliquely to south is adopted according to the east-west direction, so that the problems of poor heat storage and insulation effects, high heating energy consumption in winter and high production cost of greenhouse facilities without rear walls are solved; meanwhile, the problem that the illumination utilization rate is low due to the fact that sunlight is shielded between plants of strawberries, blueberries and the like caused by close planting and the sunlight irradiates walking areas between ridges is solved, the plants can uniformly and fully receive the illumination, the growth and development of the plants are optimized, the crop quality and the yield are improved, the planting benefit is increased, and the close planting method has popularization and application values and market competitiveness.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a planting method for improving the lighting effect of plants according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic top view of a planting method for improving the lighting effect of plants according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1 high ridge, 2 planting areas, 3 vertically growing plants, 4 south obliquely growing plants and 5 inter-ridge walking areas.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Example 1:
a method for improving heat storage and insulation effects and plant lighting effects of greenhouse facilities comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) high ridge forming treatment:
high ridges are formed on the planting field according to the east-west direction, the high ridges 1 adjacent to the ridges are arranged in parallel, inter-ridge walking areas 5 are arranged between every two high ridges, and the inter-ridge walking areas 5 are located in the shading range of the plants at the tops of the high ridges 1 and the high ridges 1;
(2) and (3) high ridge top planting area treatment:
arranging a planting area 2 at the top of the high ridge 1, and planting plants in the planting area 2;
(3) plant planting treatment:
planting treatment of plants is carried out in the planting areas 2 at the tops of the high ridges 1, plants are planted in the planting areas 2 at the tops of all the high ridges 1, one of the plants is a vertically growing plant 3, the other plant is a plant 4 growing obliquely southward, and each vertically growing plant 3 and the plant 4 growing obliquely are arranged at intervals.
The material of the ridge body in the step (1) is any one of soil, culture medium or high heat storage capacity material when the ridge body is used for forming the high ridge 1, and the ridge body is used for supporting the top planting area and storing heat in the daytime and releasing heat at night.
During actual planting, the height of the ridge body of the high ridge 1, the width of the top planting area and the width of the inter-ridge walking area are calculated to be optimal according to the height of a plant to be cultivated, the crown width and the solar inclination angle of a plant growing season, so that the uniform lighting and less shielding of each plant are realized; the adjustment is based on planting experience and rigorous measurements, with the aim of achieving full use of the light as a whole.
The top planting area in the step (2) is any one of soil at the top of the high ridge, planting matrix or cultivation facilities placed at the top of the high ridge.
The cultivation facilities are any one of planting bags, planting strips, planting grooves, planting frames and root limiters.
During actual planting, the top planting area 2 is processed in two modes of contact with the top of the ridge body of the high ridge 1 and non-contact with the top of the ridge body of the high ridge 1, and any one of the two modes can be selected according to a planting plan and a cost budget. The planting area 2 is contacted with the high ridge 1, the ridge body has the advantages that the construction cost is lower, and when the air temperature in a greenhouse is close to 0 ℃ in winter in continuous low-temperature and short-irradiation weather, the ridge body can conduct heat to the planting area, so that the temperature of the plant root system is higher than the air temperature by 3-5 DEG C
The plants are not easy to form freeze injury; the mode that planting district 2 and high ridge 1 ridge body contactless wherein means installs overhead cultivation facility in the top of high ridge 1, and the advantage can promote the plant early maturity, and the shortcoming is that the cost is higher, and the walking district 5 needs more width between the ridge moreover, can reduce plant species and plant density.
The plant planting treatment in the step (3) can be selected from double-row planting or single-row planting, wherein the north side of the double-row planting is provided with vertically growing plants 3, the south side of the double-row planting is provided with south obliquely growing plants 4, each vertically growing plant 3 and each south obliquely growing plant 4 are arranged at an oblique interval, namely, one plant in one row exactly corresponds to the middle position of two plants in the other row, and the plant distances of the plants in each row are equal; wherein the single-row planting is that the plants 3 growing vertically and the plants 3 growing obliquely southward are arranged at intervals, and the planting distance of each plant is equal.
During actual planting, the plant planting treatment selects double-row planting or single-row planting, the row spacing and the plant spacing, and the optimal scheme is calculated according to the height, the crown width and the sun inclination angle of the plant to be planted in the specific season so as to realize uniform lighting and less shading of each plant; the adjustment is based on planting experience and rigorous measurements, with the aim of achieving full use of the light as a whole. Examples are: the production season of the red strawberry in Beijing area is 12 months to 5 months of the next year, the red strawberry is suitable for double-row planting, the row spacing is 10CM, the row plant spacing is 20CM, and the inclination angle of the plants growing obliquely to the south is 40-45 degrees.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for improving heat storage and insulation effects and plant lighting effects of greenhouse facilities is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) and (3) high ridge forming treatment:
high ridges are formed on the planting field according to the east-west direction for treatment, adjacent high ridges are arranged in parallel, inter-ridge walking areas are arranged between every two high ridges, and the inter-ridge walking areas are located in the shading range of plants on the south ridges;
(2) and (3) high ridge top planting area treatment:
arranging a planting area at the top of the high ridge, and planting plants in the planting area;
(3) plant planting treatment:
and planting the plants in the planting areas at the tops of the high ridges, planting plants in the top planting area of each high ridge, wherein one of the plants is a vertically growing plant, the other one of the plants is a south-inclined growing plant, and each vertically growing plant and each inclined growing plant are arranged at intervals.
2. The method for improving heat storage and preservation effects and plant lighting effects of a greenhouse facility as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ridge body in the step (1) is made of any one of soil, planting matrix or high heat storage capacity material, and the ridge body is used for supporting the top planting area and storing heat in the daytime and releasing heat at night.
3. The method for improving heat storage and insulation effects and plant lighting effects of greenhouse facilities according to claim 1, wherein the top planting area in step (2) is any one of soil at the top of the high ridge, planting substrate or cultivation facilities placed at the top of the high ridge.
4. The method for improving heat storage and insulation effects and plant lighting effects of a greenhouse according to claim 3, wherein the cultivation facilities are any one of planting bags, planting strips, planting troughs, planting frames and root limiters.
5. The method for improving heat storage and heat preservation effects and plant lighting effects of a greenhouse facility as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plant growing process in step (3) is selected from double row planting or single row planting, wherein the north side of the double row planting is upright plants, the south side is south-inclined plants, each upright plant and each south-inclined plant are arranged in an inclined interval, that is, one plant in one row corresponds to the middle position of two plants in the other row, and the plant spacing of the plants in each row is equal; wherein the single-row planting is that the plants growing vertically and the plants growing obliquely south are arranged at intervals, and the planting distance of each plant is equal.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110530222.4A CN113519355A (en) | 2021-05-14 | 2021-05-14 | Method for improving heat storage and heat preservation effects and plant lighting effects of greenhouse facilities |
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| CN202110530222.4A CN113519355A (en) | 2021-05-14 | 2021-05-14 | Method for improving heat storage and heat preservation effects and plant lighting effects of greenhouse facilities |
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Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101699954A (en) * | 2009-11-17 | 2010-05-05 | 贵州省烟草科学研究所 | Culturing method of one-ridge double-row flue-cured tobacco dislocation |
| CN102197750A (en) * | 2011-03-31 | 2011-09-28 | 湖北省烟草科研所 | Cultivation method for improving photosynthetic efficiency of tobacco |
| CN104823624A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-08-12 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Hygienized strawberry cultivating method |
| CN104838958A (en) * | 2015-04-16 | 2015-08-19 | 娄志 | Planting method for increasing grape survival rate |
| CN104996144A (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2015-10-28 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Strawberry simple high frame cultivation method |
| CN107188699A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-09-22 | 安徽健禾农业开发有限公司 | A kind of open country implantation methods of interplanting strawberries corn |
| CN108703005A (en) * | 2018-04-30 | 2018-10-26 | 孟令波 | The predominate cultural method of grapevine seedling |
| CN109105064A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2019-01-01 | 湖州吴兴金农生态农业发展有限公司 | A kind of strawberry breeding and seedling nursing with equipment seedbed |
-
2021
- 2021-05-14 CN CN202110530222.4A patent/CN113519355A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101699954A (en) * | 2009-11-17 | 2010-05-05 | 贵州省烟草科学研究所 | Culturing method of one-ridge double-row flue-cured tobacco dislocation |
| CN102197750A (en) * | 2011-03-31 | 2011-09-28 | 湖北省烟草科研所 | Cultivation method for improving photosynthetic efficiency of tobacco |
| CN104823624A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-08-12 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Hygienized strawberry cultivating method |
| CN104838958A (en) * | 2015-04-16 | 2015-08-19 | 娄志 | Planting method for increasing grape survival rate |
| CN104996144A (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2015-10-28 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Strawberry simple high frame cultivation method |
| CN107188699A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-09-22 | 安徽健禾农业开发有限公司 | A kind of open country implantation methods of interplanting strawberries corn |
| CN108703005A (en) * | 2018-04-30 | 2018-10-26 | 孟令波 | The predominate cultural method of grapevine seedling |
| CN109105064A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2019-01-01 | 湖州吴兴金农生态农业发展有限公司 | A kind of strawberry breeding and seedling nursing with equipment seedbed |
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Application publication date: 20211022 |