CN113502281B - 脂肪酶突变体及其应用 - Google Patents
脂肪酶突变体及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113502281B CN113502281B CN202111065741.4A CN202111065741A CN113502281B CN 113502281 B CN113502281 B CN 113502281B CN 202111065741 A CN202111065741 A CN 202111065741A CN 113502281 B CN113502281 B CN 113502281B
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- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
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- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
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- C12N15/80—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for fungi
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种脂肪酶突变体及其应用。通过在SEQ ID NO:1所示的氨基酸序列基础上经过理性设计和几轮的酶进化筛选得到一系列脂肪酶突变体,相比母本脂肪酶发生了蛋白质结构和功能的改变,在实际应用时,脂肪酶突变体的立体选择性得到了极大的提高。脂肪酶突变体立体选择性的提高,在一定程度上降低了酶的用量,降低了后处理的难度,适合工业化生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及工业用酶领域,具体而言,涉及一种脂肪酶突变体及其应用。
背景技术
目前在手性药物合成的工业应用上常用的方法有化学催化法和酶催化法。化学催化以碱金属为催化剂,其价格便宜、工艺成熟、相对来说容易大规模生产,但是该方法的反应有一定的随机性,存在选择性差、产物无特异性、副产物多、收率低等缺点。相比较而言,酶法催化具有催化条件温和、绿色环保、减少了反应副反应产物等优点。例如在酸、醇和酯类手性药物的拆分时就常用化学方法合成相应的甲酯、乙酯或丙酯等的消旋体,然后利用脂肪酶或酯酶进行立体选择性水解从而获得单一对映体构型的手性单元。
脂肪酶是一种广泛存在于动、植物、微生物中的酶,可以催化氨解、醇解、酯化、转酯化和酯类的逆向合成等反应。常用的脂肪酶包括猪胰脂肪酶、假丝酵母属脂肪酶、假单胞杆菌属脂肪酶和毛霉属脂肪酶(生物催化剂在手性药物合成中的应用[J].氨基酸和生物资源,2013,35(4):39-42)。例如申请公布号为 CN 108642025 A的发明专利申请公开了来源于华根霉脂肪酶的突变体M8A、L10A、T9A的1,3-位置选择性较野生型的酶提高了4.75 倍。该突变体在人乳脂替代品的催化反应中进行了应用,取得了显著的效果。
微生物来源的脂肪酶具有高度的立体选择性、催化温度范围广泛、转化效率高、副产物少等有点,常用于催化手性拆分、制备单一手性醇类、胺类和酯类等有机合成中间体(脂肪酶的固定化及其手性拆分的研究进展[J].应用化工,2011,40(10):1823-1827)。例如除草剂(R)-α-苯氧基丙酯、抗炎药(S)-苯基丙醇都是通过脂肪酶的立体选择性转化成单一的活性异构体。
然而,目前已有的商业化脂肪酶存在成本高的问题,在工业化生产尤其是在底物是以消旋体形式存在时,大多数野生型的脂肪酶立体选择性差,几乎不可能直接得到催化单一构型底物的野生型的工业酶,另外野生型的酶多数可能存在催化效率低、稳定性弱等缺点,因此能够真正被广泛应用的、具有良好立体选择性的脂肪酶并不多。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种脂肪酶突变体及其应用,以解决现有技术中工业用的脂肪酶立体选择性低的问题。
为了实现上述目的,根据本发明的一个方面,提供了一种脂肪酶突变体,该脂肪酶突变体在SEQ ID NO:1基础上发生如下氨基酸突变:
或者脂肪酶突变体的氨基酸序列在具有发生突变的氨基酸序列中的突变位点,且与发生突变的氨基酸序列具有80%以上同源性,同时该脂肪酶突变体来源于Pseudomonas putida且具有脂肪酶活性。
进一步地,脂肪酶突变体的氨基酸序列与发生突变的氨基酸序列具有90%以上,优选为95%以上,更优选为99%以上同源性,同时该脂肪酶突变体来源于Pseudomonas putida且具有脂肪酶活性。
为了实现上述目的,根据本发明的第二个方面,提供了一种DNA分子,编码上述脂肪酶突变体。
根据本发明的第三个方面,提供了一种重组质粒,重组质粒连接有上述DNA分子。
进一步地,重组质粒选自如下任意一种:pET-21b(+)、pET-22b(+)、pET-3a(+)、pET-3d(+)、pET-11a(+)、pET-12a(+)、pET-14b、pET-15b(+)、pET-16b(+)、pET-17b(+)、pET-19b(+)、pET-20b(+)、pET-21a(+)、pET-23a(+)、pET-23b(+)、pET-24a(+)、pET-25b(+)、pET-26b(+)、pET-27b(+)、pET-28a(+)、pET-29a(+)、pET-30a(+)、pET-31b(+)、pET-32a(+)、pET-35b(+)、pET-38b(+)、pET-39b(+)、pET-40b(+)、pET-41a(+)、pET-41b(+)、pET-42a(+)、pET-43a(+)、pET-43b(+)、pET-44a(+)、pET-49b(+)、pQE2、pQE9、pQE30、pQE31、pQE32、pQE40、pQE70、pQE80、pRSET-A、pRSET-B、pRSET-C、pGEX-5X-1、pGEX-6p-1、pGEX-6p-2、pBV220、pBV221、pBV222、pTrc99A、pTwin1、pEZZ18、pKK232-8、pUC-18以及pUC-19。
根据本发明的第四个方面,提供了一种非植物的宿主细胞,宿主细胞含有上述任一种重组质粒。
进一步地,宿主细胞为原核细胞或真核细胞,真核细胞为酵母细胞。
进一步地,宿主细胞为感受态细胞。
进一步地,感受态细胞为大肠杆菌BL21细胞或大肠杆菌W3110。
根据本发明的第五个方面,提供了一种手性化合物的制备方法,该制备方法包括:利用上述任一种脂肪酶突变体催化式I所示的酯类化合物发生水解为式II所示的酸类化合物和式III所示的醇类化合物;
其中,R1选自如下任意一种:CH3、 CH2CH3、CH2-CH2CH3或CHCH3CH3,
R2、R3、R4和R5各自独立地选自如下任意一种:H、F、Cl、Br、I、OH、CH3或CH2CH3,
环己烷环中存在或不存在双键,当存在时,双键形成于如下任意一处或多处:R3和R4之间、R5和R6之间、R7和R8之间及R9和R10之间。
进一步地,酯类化合物为如下任意一种:
进一步地,脂肪酶突变体在15℃~30℃的温度下催化式I所示的酯类化合物发生水解反应。
进一步地,脂肪酶突变体的菌泥量与酯类化合物的质量比为1:10~1:1。
进一步地,反应体系中还含有有机溶剂,有机溶剂选自如下任意一种:DMSO、丙酮、二甲基四氢呋喃、异丙醇和正丙醇。
进一步地,有机溶剂在反应体系中的体积百分含量为5%~10%。
应用本发明的技术方案,通过在SEQ ID NO:1所示的氨基酸序列基础上经过理性设计和几轮的酶进化筛选得到的脂肪酶突变体,相比母本脂肪酶发生了蛋白质结构和功能的改变,在实际应用时,脂肪酶突变体的立体选择性得到了极大的提高。另外,脂肪酶突变体立体选择性的提高,在一定程度上降低了酶的用量,降低了后处理的难度,适合工业化生产。
具体实施方式
需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。下面将结合实施例来详细说明本发明。
如背景技术所提到的,现有的工业化用的脂肪酶立体选择性较低,为改善这一状况,本发明通过理性设计和几轮的酶进化筛选,获得了一系列立体选择性得到提高的脂肪酶突变体,在此基础上,申请人提出了本申请的方案。
在一种典型的实施例中,提供了一种脂肪酶突变体,该脂肪酶突变体的氨基酸序列是由SEQ ID NO:1所示的氨基酸序列发生如下突变得到:
或者脂肪酶突变体的氨基酸序列具有发生突变的氨基酸序列中的突变位点且与发生突变的氨基酸序列具有80%以上(优选为90%以上,或95%以上,或99%以上,或99.95%以上,或者甚至99.99%以上)同源性,同时来源于Pseudomonas putida(即与上述表中的突变体的物种来源相同)且具有脂肪酶活性。
上述脂肪酶突变体的氨基酸序列是由SEQ ID NO:1所示的氨基酸序列发生突变得到,涉及到的发生突变的重要位点包括但不限于如下位点中的一个或多个:A262、A338、V364、A158、I159、I245、L65、F66、S67、C68、R123、T160、V226、L234、T236、R237、P243、A244、N263、H335、P336、G337、Y363及L365。
需要说明的是,发明人通过对100多种不同物种来源的野生型脂肪酶对该该类底物(比如,底物1)的催化进行了筛选,发现催化选择性的e.e.值都很低(<5%),而具有SEQID NO:1的脂肪酶(来源于Pseudomonas putida)催化反应的e.e.值相对最好。尽管如此,但其e.e.值还是不够理想,因此,选择在SEQ ID NO:1脂肪酶基础上进行进化。
上述脂肪酶突变体在SEQ ID NO:1所示的氨基酸序列基础上经过理性设计和几轮的酶进化筛选得到的,实现了蛋白质结构和功能的改变,在实际应用时使得脂肪酶的立体选择性得到了极大的提高。另外,脂肪酶突变体立体选择性的提高,在一定程度上降低了酶的用量,降低了后处理的难度,适合工业化生产。
SEQ ID NO:1的氨基酸序列具体如下:
MQIQGHYELKFEAVRETFAALFDDPQERGAALCIQVGGETVVDLWAGSADKDGQQAWHSDTIANLFSCTKTFTAVTALQLVGEGKLTLDAPVANYWPEFAQAGKQAITLRQLLSHRAGLPAIRELLPAEALYDWQAMVDALAAETPWWTPGTEHGYAAITYGWLIGELIRRADGRGPGDSIVARTARPLGLDFHVGLADDEFYRVAHIARGKGNAGDAAAQRLLQVTMREPEALSTRAFTNPPAILTSTNKPEWRRMQQPAANGHGNARSLAGFYAGLLDGSLLESELLDELTREHSLGQDRTLLTQTRFGLGCMLDQPDVANATFGLGARAFGHPGAGGSVGFADPEHDVAFGFVVNTLGPYVLMDPRAQKLVRVLASCL。
相应的核酸序列SEQ ID NO:2如下:
atgcagatccaaggccactatgagctgaagttcgaggcagtgcgcgagacgttcgcagcgctgttcgacgacccgcaagagcgtggtgctgcactgtgtatccaggtcggtggcgaaaccgtagtcgacctgtgggcaggtagcgcagataaggacggtcagcaagcgtggcatagcgacaccatcgcaaacctgttctcctgcaccaaaaccttcaccgcggttaccgctctgcagctggtgggcgaaggcaaactgaccctggacgcgcctgtggcaaactactggccagaattcgcgcaggcaggtaaacaggctatcactctgcgccagctgctgagccaccgtgccggtctgccagcaatccgtgaactgctgccggctgaagcactgtacgactggcaagcaatggtggatgccctggcagcagaaaccccgtggtggactccgggtactgaacatggttacgccgctattacctacggctggctgatcggcgaactgatccgtcgtgcggacggtcgtggtcctggtgactctattgtggcccgtactgctcgtccgctgggtctggatttccatgtcggtctggccgatgacgaattctatcgcgttgcgcacattgcgcgtggcaaaggcaacgcgggcgatgctgcggctcagcgtctgctgcaggttactatgcgtgaaccggaagctctgtctacccgtgctttcaccaacccgccggcgattctgacttccacgaacaaaccggaatggcgccgtatgcagcagccggcggctaacggtcacggtaatgctcgctctctggctggtttttacgcgggtctgctggacggtagcctgctggaatctgagctgctggatgaactgacgcgcgaacactccctgggccaggatcgcaccctgctgacccagactcgctttggtctgggttgtatgctggaccagccggatgttgctaatgccacgtttggcctgggcgcgcgtgcgttcggccacccaggcgcgggcggctctgttggcttcgctgatccggaacacgatgttgcgtttggctttgttgtaaacaccctgggtccgtatgttctgatggatccgcgtgcccagaaactggtacgtgtactggcctcctgcctg。
上述理性设计和酶进化筛选的具体方法或步骤包括但不限于如下示例所示:
首先通过全质粒PCR的方式在SEQ ID NO:1上引入突变位点,对突变体进行活性和选择性检测,挑选活性和选择性提高的突变体。
以序列SEQ ID NO:1为模板,设计定点突变引物(定点突变位点见表1所示)利用定点突变手段,以pET-22b(+)为表达载体,获得带有目的基因的突变质粒。
其中,定点突变:是指通过聚合酶链式反应(PCR)等方法向目的DNA片段(可以是基因组,也可以是质粒)中引入所需变化(通常是表征有利方向的变化),包括碱基的添加、删除、点突变等。定点突变能迅速、高效的提高DNA所表达的目的蛋白的性状及表征,是基因研究工作中一种非常有用的手段。
利用全质粒PCR引入定点突变的方法简单有效,是目前使用比较多的手段。其原理是,一对包含突变位点的引物(正、反向),和模板质粒退火后用聚合酶“循环延伸”,所谓的循环延伸是指聚合酶按照模版延伸引物,一圈后回到引物5’端终止,再经过反复加热退火延伸的循环,这个反应区别于滚环扩增,不会形成多个串联拷贝。正反向引物的延伸产物退火后配对成为带缺刻的开环质粒。Dpn I酶切延伸产物,由于原来的模版质粒来源于常规大肠杆菌,是经dam甲基化修饰的,对Dpn I敏感而被切碎,而体外合成的带突变序列的质粒由于没有甲基化而不被切开,因此在随后的转化中得以成功转化,即可得到突变质粒的克隆。
在单点突变获得性状提高的突变体基础上,可对有益的氨基酸位点进行组合,以获得性状更优的突变体。
获得活性和对映体选择性大幅提高的脂肪酶突变体后,使用易错PCR的方法对其进行随机突变,构建高质量的突变体库,开发合适的高通量筛选方法,对文库进行筛选,获得立体选择性进一步提高的突变体。
易错 PCR:意为易错条件下的PCR, 即容易使复制出的DNA序列出现错误的PCR技术,又称错配PCR或倾向错误 PCR。具体是指通过利用低保真度TaqDNA聚合酶和改变PCR反应条件,降低DNA复制的保真度,在新 DNA 链合成过程中增加碱基错配,从而使扩增产物出现较多点突变的一种体外诱导 DNA 序列变异的方法。
易错PCR是目前最简单、有效的基因体外随机诱变技术,其原理是:碱基的异构为错配提供了可能,组成DNA的4种碱基都有互变异构体存在,其中鸟嘌呤(G)、胞嘧啶(C) 和胸腺嘧啶(T) 3种含氧碱基有酮式和烯醇式两种互变异构体。腺嘌呤(A)和胸腺嘧啶两种含氮碱基,有胺式、亚胺式两种互变异构体。G、C和T主要以酮式结构存在,烯醇式结构的比率极低,A 和 T 两种含氮碱基上的氮原子主要以氨基(NH2) 状态存在,以亚胺基(NH)状态存在的比率极低。不同同分异构体之间氢原子位置的不同及同一位置电子云偏离方向的不同,可使得碱基的配对形式发生改变,这样在复制后的子链上就可能出现错配。例如当胸腺嘧啶以酮式结构存在时,与腺嘌呤配对,而以烯醇式结构存在时,与鸟嘌呤配对,这样就出现了 A 能配上 C,T 能配上 G 的不稳定碱基对,从而造成错配。
在已知的几种耐热DNA聚合酶中,Taq DNA聚合酶的错配率最高。Taq DNA聚合酶是发现的耐热DNA聚合酶中活性最高的一种,具有5'-3' 外切酶活性,不具 3'-5'外切酶活性,因此在合成中对某些单核苷酸错配没有校正功能,所以比有 3'-5'校对活性的 DNA 聚合酶发生错配的概率较高。DNA聚合酶的保真性可以通过多种方法来降低,包括使用 4 种浓度不同 dNTP、添加 Mn2+、提高 Mg2+浓度等。几种诱变方法导致扩增 DNA 链碱基变异的机理各不相同。MnC12是 DNA 聚合酶的诱变因子,加入 Mn2+可以降低聚合酶对模板的特异性,提高错配率;4 种 dNTPs 浓度的不平衡可以提高碱基错误掺入的概率,实现错配;Mg2+具有激活 Taq 酶的作用,增加 Mg2+浓度,使之超过正常用量,能稳定非互补的碱基对;提高Taq DNA 聚合酶用量、增加每个循环延伸时间,可以增加错配终端延伸的概率;降低起始模板浓度,会使后面 PCR 循环的变异模板比例增加。
通过对易错PCR构建的突变体库进行筛选,获得活性和对映体立体选择性进一步提高的脂肪酶突变体。又设计了饱和突变引物以进一步突变体进化,以便获得活性和对映体立体选择性显著提升的突变。
饱和突变是通过对目的蛋白的编码基因进行改造,短时间内获取靶位点氨基酸分别被其它19种氨基酸替代的突变体的一种方法。此方法不仅是蛋白质定向改造的强有力工具,而且是蛋白质结构-功能关系研究的重要手段。饱和突变往往能获得比单点突变更为理想的进化体。而对于定点突变方法不能解决的这些问题,恰恰是饱和突变方法所擅长的独特之处。
上述将突变质粒转化至大肠杆菌细胞内,在大肠杆菌中过量表达。然后通过超声破碎细胞的方法获得粗酶。脂肪酶诱导表达最佳条件:0.06 mM的IPTG、20℃诱导表达16 h。
本申请筛选到的突变体经过了大量的实验验证,以消旋体形式存在底物不被过度转化的情况下,最终证明了该酶催化反应的S型产品立体选择性e.e.由最初的<5%提高到至少80%及以上,很大程度上满足了工业化生产的需求。
在本发明一种典型的实施方式中,还提供了一种DNA分子,该DNA分子编码上述任一种脂肪酶突变体。编码的上述脂肪酶突变体具有选择性高的优势。
在本发明一种典型的实施方式中,还提供了一种重组质粒,该重组质粒连接有上述DNA分子。该DNA分子能够编码上述任一种选择性高的脂肪酶突变体。具体序列选自表1-表5中的序列或者与这些序列在保持上述氨基酸位点变化的前提下,其他位点的氨基酸序列发生取代、添加或缺失突变的核苷酸序列。
上述重组质粒中,任意能够用于表达上述脂肪酶的DNA分子的重组质粒均适用于本发明。在本发明的优选实施例中,重组质粒选自如下之一:pET-22b(+)、pET-21b(+)、pET-3a(+)、pET-3d(+)、pET-11a(+)、pET-12a(+)、pET-14b、pET-15b(+)、pET-16b(+)、pET-17b(+)、pET-19b(+)、pET-20b(+)、pET-21a(+)、pET-23a(+)、pET-23b(+)、pET-24a(+)、pET-25b(+)、pET-26b(+)、pET-27b(+)、pET-28a(+)、pET-29a(+)、pET-30a(+)、pET-31b(+)、pET-32a(+)、pET-35b(+)、pET-38b(+)、pET-39b(+)、pET-40b(+)、pET-41a(+)、pET-41b(+)、pET-42a(+)、pET-43a(+)、pET-43b(+)、pET-44a(+)、pET-49b(+)、pQE2、pQE9、pQE30、pQE31、pQE32、pQE40、pQE70、pQE80、pRSET-A、pRSET-B、pRSET-C、pGEX-5X-1、pGEX-6p-1、pGEX-6p-2、pBV220、pBV221、pBV222、pTrc99A、pTwin1、pEZZ18、pKK232-8、pUC-18以及pUC-19。
在本发明一种典型的实施方式中,还提供了一种非植物的宿主细胞,该宿主细胞含有上述任一种重组质粒。具体的宿主细胞可以为原核细胞或真核细胞,优选真核细胞为酵母细胞。更优选地,上述宿主细胞为感受态细胞,进一步优选感受态细胞为大肠杆菌BL21细胞或大肠杆菌W3110 。
在本发明一种典型的实施方式中,还提供了一种手性化合物的制备方法,该制备方法包括:利用前述任一种脂肪酶突变体催化式I所示的酯类化合物发生水解为式II所示的酸类化合物和式III所示的醇类化合物;
其中,R1选自如下任意一种:CH3、 CH2CH3、CH2-CH2CH3或CHCH3CH3,R2、R3、R4和R5各自独立地选自如下任意一种:H、F、Cl、Br、I、OH、CH3或CH2CH3,环己烷环中存在或不存在双键,当存在时,双键形成于如下任意一处或多处:R3和R4之间、R5和R6之间、R7和R8之间及R9和R10之间。
在一种优选的实施例中,酯类化合物为如下任意一种:
在一种优选的实施例中,脂肪酶突变体在15℃~30℃的温度下催化式I所示的酯类化合物发生水解反应。
在一种优选的实施例中,脂肪酶突变体的菌泥量与酯类化合物的质量比为1:10~1:1。不同突变体转化效率有所差异,在达到相同转化e.e.值下,用的质量比也不同。
在一种优选的实施例中,反应体系中还含有有机溶剂,有机溶剂选自如下任意一种:DMSO、丙酮、二甲基四氢呋喃、异丙醇和正丙醇。
在一种优选的实施例中,有机溶剂在反应体系中的体积百分含量为5%~10%,有机溶剂的体积百分含量在该范围内本申请的突变体均仍具有较高的立体选择性。
下面结合具体的实施例来进一步说明本申请的有益效果。需要说明的是,下述实施例中用到的底物包括:
实施例1
各自取10 mg底物1/底物2/底物3,向反应体系中依次加入1 mg重悬的脂肪酶或其突变体的菌泥、0.3 M pH 7.5 KPB Buffer(K2HPO4•3H2O 54.91 g,KH2PO4 8.08 g,加0.9 L超纯水溶解,调节pH至7.5后定容到1 L)补充至体系1000μL,200 rpm,在30 ℃下恒温反应1h。向体系中加60 μL的6 M的稀盐酸混匀终止反应、再加入1 mL的正己烷进行萃取,充分震荡,12000 rpm离心2 min,取上层到送样瓶中进行正相HPLC检测S型产品的e.e.值。部分突变体反应特性如下表1:
表1
S型产品选择性e.e.高低用*表示,用“-”表示母本及与母本相当的突变体的选择性,其在0-5%,*表示e.e.在5%-10%,**表示e.e.在15-20%,***表示e.e.在20-50%,****表示e.e.在50-80%,*****表示e.e.≥80%。
实施例2
各自取10 mg底物1和底物4,向反应体系中依次加入1 mg重悬的脂肪酶或其突变体的菌泥、0.3 M pH 7.5 KPB Buffer补充至体系1000μL,200 rpm,在30 ℃下恒温反应1h。向体系中加60 μL的6 M的稀盐酸混匀终止反应,再加入1 mL的正己烷进行萃取,充分震荡,12000 rpm离心2 min,取上层到送样瓶中进行正相HPLC检测S型产品的e.e.值。部分突变体反应特性如下表2:
表2
S型产品选择性e.e.高低用*表示,用“-”表示母本的选择性在0-5%,*表示e.e.在5%-10%,**表示e.e.在15-20%,***表示e.e.在20-50%,****表示 e.e.在50-80%,*****表示e.e.≥80%。
实施例3
各自取10 mg底物1/底物2/底物3/底物4/底物5/底物6,向反应体系中依次加入1mg重悬的脂肪酶或其突变体的菌泥、0.3 M pH 7.5 KPB Buffer补充至体系1000μL,200rpm,在30 ℃下恒温反应1 h。向体系中加60 μL的6 M的稀盐酸混匀终止反应、再加入1 mL的正己烷进行萃取,充分震荡,12000 rpm离心2 min,取上层到送样瓶中进行正相HPLC检测S型产品的e.e.值。部分突变体反应特性如下表3:
表3
S型产品选择性e.e.高低用*表示,用“-”表示母本及与母本相当的突变体的选择性在0-5%,*表示e.e.在5%-10%,**表示e.e.在15-20%,***表示e.e.在20-50%,****表示e.e.在50-80%,*****表示e.e.≥80%。
实施例4
各自取10 mg/100 mg/1 g的底物2/底物3底物6,向反应体系中依次加入1 mg重悬的脂肪酶或其突变体的菌泥、0.3 M pH 7.5 KPB Buffer补充至体系1000μL,200 rpm,在30℃下恒温反应1 h。向体系中加60 μL的6 M的稀盐酸混匀终止反应、再加入1 mL的正己烷进行萃取,充分震荡,12000 rpm离心2 min,取上层到送样瓶中进行正相HPLC检测S型产品的e.e.值。选择较好的3个突变体随着10 mg到100 mg再到1 g逐级放大,S型产品的e.e.均得到了明显的提升,具体反应特性如下表4。
表4:
S型产品选择性e.e.高低用*表示,用“-”表示母本的选择性在0-5%,*表示e.e.在5%-10%,**表示e.e.在15-20%,***表示e.e.在20-50%,****表示 e.e.在50-80%,*****表示e.e.≥80%。
实施例5
各自取10 mg的底物2/底物5,向反应体系中依次加入重悬的脂肪酶或其突变体的菌泥、0.3 M pH 7.5 KPB Buffer补充至体系1000μL,在不同反应温度15 ℃/20 ℃/30 ℃下200 rpm反应 1 h,考察温度对S型产品选择性e.e.的影响。
另外,在体系中分别添加了体积百分比为5%和10%的 DMSO、丙酮、二甲基四氢呋喃、异丙醇和正丙醇,加0.3 M pH 7.5 KPB Buffer补充至体系1000μL,在20 ℃下恒温反应1 h,考察不同添加物对对S型产品选择性e.e.的影响。
上述向体系中加60 μL的6 M的稀盐酸混匀终止反应、再加入1 mL的正己烷进行萃取,充分震荡,12000 rpm离心2 min,取上层到送样瓶中进行正相HPLC检测S型产品的e.e.值。具体反应特性如下表5。
S型产品选择性e.e.高低用*表示,用“-”表示母本的选择性在0-5%,*表示e.e.在5%-10%,**表示e.e.在15-20%,***表示e.e.在20-50%,****表示 e.e.在50-80%,*****表示e.e.≥80%。
从以上的描述中,可以看出,本发明上述的实施例实现了如下技术效果:SEQ IDNO:1所示的脂肪酶的氨基酸序列经过理性设计和一系列的进化筛选,获得了结构和功能发生改变的脂肪酶突变体,这些脂肪酶突变体在用于催化反应时,生成S型产品的立体选择性e.e.值得到了非常显著的提高,使得最初使用酶催化方法几乎无法选择性生产S型产品,到控制在一定转化率下可以得到选择性至少大于80%的S型产品,很大程度上满足了工业化生产的需求。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
序列表
<110> 凯莱英生命科学技术(天津)有限公司
<120> 脂肪酶突变体及其应用
<130> PN148904KLY
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<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
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Leu Ser His Arg Ala Gly Leu Pro Ala Ile Arg Glu Leu Leu Pro Ala
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atgcagatcc aaggccacta tgagctgaag ttcgaggcag tgcgcgagac gttcgcagcg 60
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accatcgcaa acctgttctc ctgcaccaaa accttcaccg cggttaccgc tctgcagctg 240
gtgggcgaag gcaaactgac cctggacgcg cctgtggcaa actactggcc agaattcgcg 300
caggcaggta aacaggctat cactctgcgc cagctgctga gccaccgtgc cggtctgcca 360
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gaattctatc gcgttgcgca cattgcgcgt ggcaaaggca acgcgggcga tgctgcggct 660
cagcgtctgc tgcaggttac tatgcgtgaa ccggaagctc tgtctacccg tgctttcacc 720
aacccgccgg cgattctgac ttccacgaac aaaccggaat ggcgccgtat gcagcagccg 780
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ggtccgtatg ttctgatgga tccgcgtgcc cagaaactgg tacgtgtact ggcctcctgc 1140
ctg 1143
Claims (14)
2.一种DNA分子,其特征在于,编码权利要求1所述的脂肪酶突变体。
3.一种重组质粒,其特征在于,所述重组质粒连接有权利要求2所述的DNA分子。
4.根据权利要求3所述的重组质粒,其特征在于,所述重组质粒选自如下任意一种:pET-21b(+)、pET-22b(+)、pET-3a(+)、pET-3d(+)、pET-11a(+)、pET-12a(+)、pET-14b、pET-15b(+)、pET-16b(+)、pET-17b(+)、pET-19b(+)、pET-20b(+)、pET-21a(+)、pET-23a(+)、pET-23b(+)、pET-24a(+)、pET-25b(+)、pET-26b(+)、pET-27b(+)、pET-28a(+)、pET-29a(+)、pET-30a(+)、pET-31b(+)、pET-32a(+)、pET-35b(+)、pET-38b(+)、pET-39b(+)、pET-40b(+)、pET-41a(+)、pET-41b(+)、pET-42a(+)、pET-43a(+)、pET-43b(+)、pET-44a(+)、pET-49b(+)、pQE2、pQE9、pQE30、pQE31、pQE32、pQE40、pQE70、pQE80、pRSET-A、pRSET-B、pRSET-C、pGEX-5X-1、pGEX-6p-1、pGEX-6p-2、pBV220、pBV221、pBV222、pTrc99A、pTwin1、pEZZ18、pKK232-8、pUC-18以及pUC-19。
5.一种非植物的宿主细胞,其特征在于,所述宿主细胞含有权利要求3或4所述的重组质粒。
6.根据权利要求5所述的宿主细胞,其特征在于,所述宿主细胞为原核细胞或真核细胞,所述真核细胞为酵母细胞。
7.根据权利要求6所述的宿主细胞,其特征在于,所述宿主细胞为感受态细胞。
8.根据权利要求7所述的宿主细胞,其特征在于,所述感受态细胞为大肠杆菌BL21细胞或大肠杆菌W3110。
11.根据权利要求10所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述脂肪酶突变体在15℃~30℃的温度下催化式I所示的酯类化合物发生水解反应。
12.根据权利要求10所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述脂肪酶突变体的菌泥量与酯类化合物的质量比为1:10~1:1。
13.根据权利要求10所述的制备方法,其特征在于,反应体系中还含有有机溶剂,所述有机溶剂选自如下任意一种:DMSO、丙酮、二甲基四氢呋喃、异丙醇和正丙醇。
14.根据权利要求13所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述有机溶剂在所述反应体系中的体积百分含量为5%~10%。
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