CN113500838B - 一种高强度自清洁反光膜及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种高强度自清洁反光膜及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种高强度自清洁反光膜及其制备方法,反光膜包括了透明支撑层、玻璃微珠层、反光层、自清洁层、防护层;在玻璃微珠表面包裹有机改性膜,使玻璃微珠从亲水性转变成亲油性,易形成单层紧密均匀分布的玻璃微珠层;制备反光层时,鳞片状玻璃粉与鳞片状铝粉平行重叠排列,有效防止水、空气、腐蚀性离子等的渗透,提高了反光膜的反射性、抗渗透性和耐腐蚀性,提高了使用寿命;自清洁层是以聚碳酸酯和苯并噁嗪改性TiO2‑SiO2复合粒子制备而成,所制备的自清洁层不含氟、无毒、高透光、抗紫外线、持久自清洁;防护层的引入加强了反光膜的耐磨性和自清洁性,大幅改善了反光膜的机械强度。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及反光膜领域,具体是一种高强度自清洁反光膜及其制备方法。
背景技术
反光膜是一种具有逆反射光的产品。反光膜通常应用于交通安全、警示服等,在安全防护领域有重要作用。目前,反光膜在移动障碍、道路交通、衣物等安全防护领域被广泛应用。
现有技术中,玻璃微珠广泛应用于反光膜的制造,但在实际生产中,玻璃微珠易产生团聚、叠珠等现象,影响反光膜的性能,导致反光膜品质下降。
自清洁材料在日常生活中应用广泛,如建筑外墙、自清洁玻璃等。目前使用较多疏水性材料是在聚碳酸酯表面涂覆聚四氟乙烯,但聚四氟乙烯含氟,自然环境下难降解,并且聚四氟乙烯与聚碳酸酯相容性不佳等问题,导致聚四氟乙烯较难有效的涂覆在聚碳酸树脂上,影响材料的使用寿命。
发明内容
针对目前反光膜的易老化、金属反光镀层工艺控制不稳定、自清洁多用聚四氟乙烯等问题,为了高效、稳定制备自清净反光膜,本发明提出一种高强度自清洁反光膜及其制备方法。
为了获得上述反光膜,首先提出一种高强度自清洁反光膜的制备方法,具体包括如下步骤:
S1:制备透明支撑层
选用水性聚氨酯树脂为透明支撑层;
S2:制备玻璃微珠层
(1)玻璃微珠进行洗涤,干燥,筛选;
(2)将偶联剂、活性剂、成膜剂、消泡剂加入到蒸馏水和乙醇的混合液中,加酸将混合液pH调为3-6,超声分散后在65-95℃下搅拌1-4h得到改性溶剂;
(3)将玻璃微珠与改性溶剂混合,超声分散后在65-95℃下搅拌,冷却至18-25℃过滤,用去离子水反复洗涤,然后在温度为60-80℃下真空干燥12h~14h,得到改性玻璃微珠;
(4)采用植珠工艺将改性玻璃微珠铺植于步骤S1中透明支撑层上,得到玻璃微珠层;
S3:制备反光层
(1)将硅烷、甲醇、去离子水混合水解3-5h,得到水解液,在搅拌条件下,将铝粉、玻璃粉、单甘脂、二甲基硅油加入水解液中,超声处理后,继续搅拌6-12h,烘干后粉碎细化处理,得到玻璃-铝复合粉末;玻璃-铝复合粉末与聚酯改性环氧树脂超声处理下混合搅拌,得到金属涂料;
(2)将金属涂料涂覆到步骤S2中玻璃微珠层上,真空干燥,得到反射层;
S4:制备自清洁层
(1)将硅灰石加入硫酸钛溶液中超声搅拌,在搅拌条件下于80-95℃水热反应,然后离心、反复用去离子水洗涤,洗涤后的沉淀物于60-80℃下真空干燥,粉碎细化处理,得到TiO2-SiO2复合粉末;
(2)在微波条件下,苯并噁嗪、乙醇、蒸馏水、TiO2-SiO2复合粉末超声处理后在20-50℃下搅拌1-3h,真空干燥后得到改性TiO2-SiO2复合粒子;
(3)将改性TiO2-SiO2复合粒子、聚碳酸酯、四氢呋喃混合,超声处理后搅拌20-50min,形成混合液,将混合液涂覆在步骤S3中反射层上,真空烘干,得到自清洁层;
S5:制备防护层
(1)将硅酸酯类、长链烷基硅氧烷、疏水纳米二氧化硅加入到乙醇与蒸馏水混合溶液中,超声处理后在20-25℃下搅拌12-36h,制得疏水涂料;
(2)将疏水涂料涂覆在步骤S4中自清洁层上,烘干,作为防护层,得到一种高强度自清洁反光膜。
优选的,步骤S2(1)中玻璃微珠为粒径为30~60μm的空心玻璃微珠。
优选的,疏水纳米二氧化硅制备方法:在微波条件下,苯并噁嗪及其溶剂与二氧化硅纳米颗粒在20-50℃下搅拌1-3h,苯并噁嗪与二氧化硅纳米颗粒的质量比为3:(2-6),二氧化硅纳米颗粒的粒径为80-400nm。
优选的,步骤S2(2)偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂,偶联剂在改性溶剂中含量为4-18%;表面活性剂为十二烷基磺酸钠,表面活性剂所述的在改性溶剂中含量为1-4%;成膜剂为乙基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、甲基纤维素的一种或多种,成膜剂在改性溶剂中含量为3-9%;消泡剂是二甲基硅油,消泡剂在改性溶剂中含量为1-3%。
优选的,步骤S2(2)中酸为草酸、柠檬酸、酒石酸中一种或多种。
优选的,步骤S3(1)中硅烷、甲醇、去离子水质量比2:6:(15-18);铝粉为鳞片状铝粉,玻璃粉为粒径为200-400目的鳞片状玻璃粉,玻璃粉在水解液中含量为15-25g/L,铝粉、玻璃粉质量比(1-2):3;聚酯改性环氧树脂与玻璃-铝复合粉末质量比3:10。
在制备反光层中,聚酯改性环氧树脂适量,稳定成膜即可,过多的聚酯改性环氧树脂的添加会造成反光层反射性降低。
优选的,将玻璃-铝复合粉末超声分散于聚酯改性环氧树脂,通过静电喷涂在玻璃微珠层上形成反光层。
优选的,步骤S4中所述聚碳酸酯与疏水纳米二氧化硅质量比为(3-6):1,所述四氢呋喃与聚碳酸酯的质量比为1:3。
优选的,步骤S5(2)中所述硅酸酯类为正硅酸甲酯、硅酸乙酯、正硅酸丙酯中的一种或多种,所述含长链烷基硅氧烷为苯基三甲氧基硅烷、辛基三乙氧基硅烷、十六烷基三甲氧基硅烷、氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、十八烷基三甲氧基硅烷的一种或多种。
本发明的有益效果:
本发明公开了一种高强度自清洁反光膜及其制备方法,反光膜包括了透明支撑层、玻璃微珠层、反光层、自清洁层、防护层;
现有的玻璃微珠制备中,存在玻璃微珠易团聚、叠珠的问题,本发明在空心玻璃微珠表面包裹有机改性膜,使空心玻璃微珠从亲水性转变成亲油性,在透明支撑层上可以单层紧密均匀分布;
目前在玻璃微珠表面镀金属,存在金属与玻璃微珠不贴合,工艺难以控制的问题,本发明在对玻璃微珠改性的同时将玻璃微珠一部分陷入透明支撑层,利用聚酯改性环氧树脂在加热固化时,在110-125℃存在软化过程,本发明应用此过程将金属涂料喷涂到玻璃微珠露出的部分,然后再高温固化,使贴合更紧密,使得反光层的制备简单易控;
目前的反光层一般使用单金属镀层,易氧化,本发明用鳞片状玻璃粉与鳞片状铝粉制备反光层,鳞片状玻璃粉与鳞片状铝粉平行重叠排列,增加了介质的渗透路径和时间,有效防止水、空气、腐蚀性离子等的渗透;反光层由层层的玻璃鳞片形成致密的网状结构,降低铝粉活性与损耗,提高反光膜的反射性、抗渗透性和耐腐蚀性,提高了反光膜的使用寿命;
目前自清洁一般使用聚碳酸酯表面涂覆聚四氟乙烯,但聚四氟乙烯含氟,难降解,本发明的自清洁层是以聚碳酸酯和苯并噁嗪改性TiO2-SiO2复合粒子制备而成,且二氧化硅和二氧化钛表面含有苯并恶嗪功能基团,通过化学键结合的方式与聚碳酸酯粘合在一起,自清洁层表面不易受到破坏,本发明所制备的自清洁层不含氟、无毒、高透光、抗紫外线、持久自清洁;
防护层的引入加强了反光膜的耐磨性和自清洁性;本发明的原料来源丰富,工艺条件易控制,可操作性强。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明的实施例,对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
需要说明,若本发明实施例中有涉及方向性指示诸如上、下、左、右、前、后……,则该方向性指示仅用于解释在某一特定姿态如各部件之间的相对位置关系、运动情况等,如果该特定姿态发生改变时,则该方向性指示也相应地随之改变。另外,各个实施例之间的技术方案可以相互结合,但是必须是以本领域普通技术人员能够实现为基础,当技术方案的结合出现相互矛盾或无法实现时应当认为这种技术方案的结合不存在,也不在本发明要求的保护范围之内。
以下结合具体实施例对本发明的技术方案作进一步详细说明,应当理解,以下实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
实施例1
S1:制备透明支撑层
选用水性聚氨酯树脂为透明支撑层;
S2:制备玻璃微珠层
(1)玻璃微珠进行洗涤,干燥,筛选;
(2)用蒸馏水和乙醇按照1:7比例配置乙醇溶剂,加草酸使溶剂pH调为3,向溶剂中加入硅烷偶联剂、十二烷基磺酸钠、乙基纤维素、二甲基硅油;按照硅烷偶联剂在改性溶剂中含量为4%,十二烷基磺酸钠在改性溶剂中含量为1%,乙基纤维素在改性溶剂中含量为3%,二甲基硅油在改性溶剂中含量为1%超声分散,在65℃下搅拌4h得到改性溶剂;
(3)将玻璃微珠加入到改性溶剂中,在65℃下超声分散后搅拌得到混合液,冷却至18℃过滤,得到处理后的玻璃微珠;用去离子水反复洗涤中处理后的玻璃微珠,然后在温度为60℃下真空干燥12h,得到改性玻璃微珠;
(4)采用植珠工艺将改性玻璃微珠铺植于步骤S1透明支撑层上,得到玻璃微珠层;
S3:制备反光层
(1)将硅烷、甲醇、去离子水以质量比2:6:15混合水解3h,得到水解液,在搅拌条件下,将铝粉、玻璃粉、单甘脂、二甲基硅油加入水解液中,玻璃粉在水解液中含量为15g/L,玻璃粉粒径为200目,铝粉、玻璃粉质量比1:3,超声处理后,继续搅拌12h,真空干燥,粉碎细化处理,得到玻璃-铝复合粉末,玻璃-铝复合粉末与聚酯改性环氧树脂按照质量比10:3混合超声处理,得到金属涂料;
(2)将金属涂料涂覆到步骤S2中玻璃微珠层上,真空干燥,得到反光层;
S4:制备自清洁层
(1)将硅灰石加入硫酸钛溶液中超声搅拌,硅灰石与硫酸钛摩尔比为1:1,在搅拌条件下于80℃水热反应,然后离心、反复用去离子水洗涤,洗涤后的沉淀物于60℃下真空干燥,粉碎细化处理,得到TiO2-SiO2复合粉末;
(2)在微波条件下,苯并噁嗪、乙醇、蒸馏水、TiO2-SiO2复合粉末超声处理后在20℃下搅拌3h,真空干燥后粉碎细化处理,得到改性TiO2-SiO2复合粒子;
(3)将改性TiO2-SiO2复合粒子、聚碳酸酯、四氢呋喃混合,聚碳酸酯与改性TiO2-SiO2复合粒子质量比为3:1,四氢呋喃与聚碳酸酯的质量比为1:3,超声处理后搅拌50min,形成混合溶液,将混合溶液涂覆在步骤S3中反射层上,真空烘干,得到自清洁层;
S5:制备防护层
(1)正硅酸甲酯、苯基三甲氧基硅烷、乙醇、水重量比为1:2:65:10,疏水二氧化硅在防护层含量为10%,正硅酸甲酯、苯基三甲氧基硅烷、疏水二氧化硅溶解于乙醇和水混合溶液中,超声处理后在20℃下搅拌36h,制得疏水涂料;
(2)将疏水涂料涂覆在步骤S4中自清洁层上,烘干,作为防护层,得到一种高强度自清洁反光膜。
实施例2
S1:制备透明支撑层
选用水性聚氨酯树脂为透明支撑层;
S2:制备玻璃微珠层
(1)玻璃微珠进行洗涤,干燥,筛选;
(2)用蒸馏水和乙醇按照1:8比例配置乙醇溶剂,加草酸使溶剂pH调为4,向溶剂中加入硅烷偶联剂、十二烷基磺酸钠、乙基纤维素、二甲基硅油;按照硅烷偶联剂在改性溶剂中含量为6%,十二烷基磺酸钠在改性溶剂中含量为2%,乙基纤维素在改性溶剂中含量为8%,二甲基硅油在改性溶剂中含量为2%超声分散,在70℃下搅拌5h得到改性溶剂;冷却至19℃过滤;
(3)将玻璃微珠加入到改性溶剂中,在70℃下超声分散后搅拌得到混合液,冷却至19℃过滤,得到处理后的玻璃微珠;用去离子水反复洗涤中处理后的玻璃微珠,然后在温度为60℃下真空干燥12h,得到改性玻璃微珠;
(4)采用植珠工艺将改性玻璃微珠铺植于步骤S1所述透明支撑层上,得到玻璃微珠层;
S3:制备反光层
(1)将硅烷、甲醇、去离子水以质量比2:6:16混合水解4h,得到水解液,在搅拌条件下,将铝粉、玻璃粉、单甘脂、二甲基硅油加入水解液中,玻璃粉在水解液中含量为20g/L,玻璃粉粒径为300目,铝粉、玻璃粉质量比1:3,超声处理后,继续搅拌10h,真空干燥,粉碎细化处理,得到玻璃-铝复合粉末,玻璃-铝复合粉末与聚酯改性环氧树脂按照质量比10:3混合超声处理,得到金属涂料;
(2)将金属涂料涂覆到步骤S2中玻璃微珠层上,真空干燥,得到反射层;
S4:制备自清洁层
(1)将硅灰石加入硫酸钛溶液中超声搅拌,硅灰石与硫酸钛摩尔比为1:1,在搅拌条件下于85℃水热反应,然后离心、反复用去离子水洗涤,洗涤后的沉淀物于70℃下真空干燥,粉碎细化处理,得到TiO2-SiO2复合粉末;
(2)在微波条件下,苯并噁嗪、乙醇、蒸馏水、TiO2-SiO2复合粉末超声处理后在30℃下搅拌2h,真空干燥后粉碎细化处理,得到改性TiO2-SiO2复合粒子;
将改性TiO2-SiO2复合粒子、聚碳酸酯、四氢呋喃混合,聚碳酸酯与改性TiO2-SiO2复合粒子质量比为4:1,四氢呋喃与聚碳酸酯的质量比为1:3,超声处理后搅拌40min,形成混合溶液,将混合溶液涂覆在步骤S3中反射层上,真空烘干,得到自清洁层;
S5:制备防护层
(1)硅酸乙酯、辛基三乙氧基硅烷、乙醇、水重量比为1:2:68:10,疏水二氧化硅在防护层含量为9%,将硅酸乙酯、辛基三乙氧基硅烷、疏水二氧化硅溶解于乙醇和水混合溶液中,超声处理后在22℃下搅拌30h,制得疏水涂料;
(2)将步骤S4(1)疏水涂料涂覆在步骤S4自清洁层上,烘干,作为防护层,得到一种高强度自清洁反光膜。
实施例3
S1:制备透明支撑层
选用水性聚氨酯树脂为透明支撑层;
S2:制备玻璃微珠层
(1)玻璃微珠进行洗涤,干燥,筛选;
(2)用蒸馏水和乙醇按照1:9比例配置乙醇溶剂,加酒石酸使溶剂pH调为6,向溶剂中加入硅烷偶联剂、十二烷基磺酸钠、乙基纤维素、二甲基硅油;按照硅烷偶联剂在改性溶剂中含量为18%,十二烷基磺酸钠在改性溶剂中含量为4%,乙基纤维素在改性溶剂中含量为3%,二甲基硅油在改性溶剂中含量为3%超声分散,在80℃下搅拌3h得到改性溶剂;冷却至25℃过滤;
(3)将步骤S2(1)玻璃微珠加入到步骤S2(2)改性溶剂中,在80℃下超声分散后搅拌得到混合液,冷却至25℃过滤,得到处理后的玻璃微珠;用去离子水反复洗涤中处理后的玻璃微珠,然后在温度为80℃下真空干燥14h,得到改性玻璃微珠;
(4)采用植珠工艺将改性玻璃微珠铺植于步骤S1中透明支撑层上,得到玻璃微珠层;
S3:制备反光层
(1)将硅烷、甲醇、去离子水以质量比2:6:18混合水解3.5h,得到水解液,在搅拌条件下,将铝粉、玻璃粉、单甘脂、二甲基硅油加入水解液中,玻璃粉在水解液中含量为25g/L,铝粉、玻璃粉质量比2:3,超声处理后,继续搅拌10h,真空干燥,粉碎细化处理,得到玻璃-铝复合粉末,玻璃-铝复合粉末与聚酯改性环氧树脂按照质量比10:3混合超声处理,得到金属涂料;
(2)将金属涂料涂覆到步骤S2中玻璃微珠层上,真空干燥,得到反射层;
S4:制备自清洁层
(1)将硅灰石加入硫酸钛溶液中超声搅拌,硅灰石与硫酸钛摩尔比为1:1,与在搅拌条件下于95℃水热反应,然后离心、反复用去离子水洗涤,洗涤后的沉淀物于80℃下真空干燥,粉碎细化处理,得到TiO2-SiO2复合粉末;
(2)在微波条件下,苯并噁嗪、乙醇、蒸馏水、TiO2-SiO2复合粉末超声处理后在50℃下搅拌1h,真空干燥后粉碎细化处理,得到改性TiO2-SiO2复合粒子;
将疏水纳米二氧化硅、聚碳酸酯、四氢呋喃混合,聚碳酸酯与疏水纳米二氧化硅质量比为6:1,四氢呋喃与聚碳酸酯的质量比为1:3,超声处理后搅拌20min,形成混合溶液,将混合溶液涂覆在步骤S3中反射层上,真空烘干,得到自清洁层;
S5:制备防护层
(1)正硅酸丙酯、氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、乙醇、水重量比为1:2:85:10,疏水二氧化硅在防护层含量为2%,将正硅酸丙酯、氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、疏水二氧化硅溶解于乙醇和水混合溶液中,超声处理后在25℃下搅拌12h,制得疏水涂料;
(2)将疏水涂料涂覆在步骤S4自清洁层上,烘干,作为防护层,得到一种高强度自清洁反光膜。
实施例4
实施例3中步骤S2(2)中草酸换成柠檬酸,其他工序正常反应。
实施例5
实施例3中步骤S2(2)中草酸换成酒石酸,其他工序正常反应。
实施例6
实施例3中步骤S2(2)中乙基纤维素换成羟乙基纤维素,其他工序正常反应。
对实施例1-6制备的反光膜进行性能测试,参考《道路交通反光膜》(GB/T 18833-2012)测试反光膜的逆反射系数、耐候性能。
反光膜的逆反射系数测试:采用白光,观测角为0.2°,水平入射角为-4°、15°,测试数据如表1所示;
耐候性能测试:取65mmX142mm的反光膜试样,置于老化试验箱,箱内黑板温度62-68℃,在光谱波长290-800nm之间辐照度550W/m2,在光谱波长290-2450nm之间总辐照度不超过900-1100W/m2,试样表面任意两点之间辐照度差别不大于10%。实验中采用连续光照,周期性喷水,周期为120min,其中18min喷水,试验用时1800h。试验完后测试反射系数。
表1
测定实施例1-6制备的反光膜的接触角与滚动角,结果如表2所示;
接触角 | 滚动角 | |
实施例1 | 163.1° | 3.2° |
实施例2 | 161.6° | 4.0° |
实施例3 | 158.3° | 6.1° |
实施例4 | 159.2° | 5.6° |
实施例5 | 162.2° | 3.4° |
实施例6 | 160.4° | 4.2° |
表2
实施例1-6中反光膜在防粘纸可剥离性能测试中反光膜无需饮水或其他溶剂浸湿,防粘纸即可方便手工剥下,且无破损、撕裂;在经汽油与乙醇浸泡后,反光膜不出现软化、褶皱、起泡、开裂等损坏;在耐候性能测试后反射系数RA2达到RA1的80%以上。
实施例1-6中反光膜的接触角大于150°,滚动角小于10°,反光膜具有超疏水特点,可以高强度持久自清洁。
通过上述测试,本发明得到反射膜具有优异性能,能够达到Ⅴ类反射膜要求,本发明的反光膜具有优异的耐磨性、自清洁性、反光性,使用寿命长。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例,并非因此限制本发明的专利范围,凡是在本发明的发明构思下,利用本发明说明书所作的等效结构变换,或直接/间接运用在其他相关的技术领域均包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。
Claims (9)
1.一种高强度自清洁反光膜的制备方法,其特征在于:所述反光膜的制备方法包括如下步骤:
S1:制备透明支撑层
选用水性聚氨酯树脂为透明支撑层;
S2:制备玻璃微珠层
(1)玻璃微珠进行洗涤,干燥,筛选;
(2)将偶联剂、活性剂、成膜剂、消泡剂加入到蒸馏水和乙醇的混合液中,加酸将混合液pH调为3-6,超声分散后在65-95℃下搅拌1-4h得到改性溶剂;
(3)将所述玻璃微珠与所述改性溶剂混合,超声分散后在65-95℃下搅拌,冷却至18-25℃过滤,用去离子水反复洗涤,然后在温度为60-80℃下真空干燥12h~14h,得到改性玻璃微珠;
(4)采用植珠工艺将所述改性玻璃微珠铺植于步骤S1中所述透明支撑层上,植珠过程中,所述改性玻璃微珠一部分陷入透明支撑层中,得到玻璃微珠层;
S3:制备反光层
(1)将硅烷、甲醇、去离子水混合水解3-5h,得到水解液,在搅拌条件下,将铝粉、玻璃粉、单甘脂、二甲基硅油加入水解液中,超声处理后,继续搅拌6-12h,烘干后粉碎细化处理,得到玻璃-铝复合粉末;玻璃-铝复合粉末与聚酯改性环氧树脂超声处理下混合搅拌,得到金属涂料;所述铝粉为鳞片状铝粉,所述玻璃粉为粒径为200-400目的鳞片状玻璃粉;
(2)将所述金属涂料涂覆到步骤S2中所述玻璃微珠层上,真空干燥,得到反射层;
S4:制备自清洁层
(1)将硅灰石加入硫酸钛溶液中超声搅拌,在搅拌条件下于80-95℃水热反应,然后离心、反复用去离子水洗涤,洗涤后的沉淀物于60-80℃下真空干燥,粉碎细化处理,得到TiO2-SiO2复合粉末;
(2)在微波条件下,苯并噁嗪、乙醇、蒸馏水、TiO2-SiO2复合粉末超声处理后在20-50℃下搅拌1-3h,真空干燥后得到改性TiO2-SiO2复合粒子;
(3)将改性TiO2-SiO2复合粒子、聚碳酸酯、四氢呋喃混合,超声处理后搅拌20-50min,形成混合液,将混合液涂覆在步骤S3中反射层上,真空烘干,得到自清洁层;
S5:制备防护层
(1)将硅酸酯类、长链烷基硅氧烷、疏水纳米二氧化硅加入到乙醇与蒸馏水混合溶液中,超声处理后在20-25℃下搅拌12-36h,制得疏水涂料;
(2)将所述疏水涂料涂覆在步骤S4中自清洁层上,烘干,作为防护层,得到一种高强度自清洁反光膜。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高强度自清洁反光膜的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤S2(1)中所述玻璃微珠为粒径为30~60μm的空心玻璃微珠。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种高强度自清洁反光膜的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤S2(2)中所述偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂,所述偶联剂在改性溶剂中含量为4-18%;所述活性剂为十二烷基磺酸钠,所述活性剂在改性溶剂中含量为1-4%;所述成膜剂为乙基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、甲基纤维素的一种或多种,所述成膜剂在改性溶剂中含量为3-9%;所述消泡剂是二甲基硅油,所述消泡剂在改性溶剂中含量为1-3%;所述酸为酒石酸、草酸、柠檬酸中一种或多种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种高强度自清洁反光膜的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤S3(1)中所述硅烷、甲醇、去离子水质量比2:6:(15-18);所述玻璃粉在水解液中含量为15-25g/L,所述铝粉、玻璃粉质量比(1-2):3;所述聚酯改性环氧树脂与玻璃-铝复合粉末质量比3:10。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种高强度自清洁反光膜的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤S4(1)中所述硅灰石与硫酸钛摩尔比为1:1。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种高强度自清洁反光膜的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤S4(2)中所述苯并噁嗪与TiO2-SiO2复合粉末的质量比为3:(2-6);所述聚碳酸酯与改性TiO2-SiO2复合粒子质量比为(3-6):1,所述四氢呋喃与聚碳酸酯的质量比为1:3。
7.根据权利要求1所述一种高强度自清洁反光膜的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤S5(1)中所述硅酸酯类为正硅酸甲酯、硅酸乙酯、正硅酸丙酯中的一种或多种,所述长链烷基硅氧烷为苯基三甲氧基硅烷、辛基三乙氧基硅烷、氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷的一种或多种;所述疏水涂料中硅酸酯类、长链烷基硅氧烷、乙醇、蒸馏水重量比为1:2:(65-85):10,所述疏水纳米二氧化硅在防护层含量为2-10%。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种高强度自清洁反光膜的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤S5(1)中所述疏水纳米二氧化硅是用苯并噁嗪改性的纳米二氧化硅,具体制备方法:在微波条件下,苯并噁嗪、二氧化硅纳米颗粒、乙醇在20-50℃下搅拌1-3h,苯并噁嗪与二氧化硅纳米颗粒的质量比为3:(2-6),二氧化硅纳米颗粒的粒径为80-400nm。
9.一种高强度自清洁反光膜,其特征在于:由权利要求1-8任一项所述的方法制备得到。
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