CN113498664B - Self-adaptive cyperus esculentus harvesting and soil-lifting control device - Google Patents
Self-adaptive cyperus esculentus harvesting and soil-lifting control device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113498664B CN113498664B CN202110836442.XA CN202110836442A CN113498664B CN 113498664 B CN113498664 B CN 113498664B CN 202110836442 A CN202110836442 A CN 202110836442A CN 113498664 B CN113498664 B CN 113498664B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D17/00—Digging machines with sieving and conveying mechanisms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D17/00—Digging machines with sieving and conveying mechanisms
- A01D17/10—Digging machines with sieving and conveying mechanisms with smooth conveyor belts, lath bands or rake bands
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D33/00—Accessories for digging harvesters
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D33/00—Accessories for digging harvesters
- A01D33/08—Special sorting and cleaning mechanisms
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a self-adaptive cyperus esculentus harvesting and soil-lifting control device which comprises a frame, the inside of the frame is provided with a control device which comprises a fixed longitudinal beam fixed on one side of the frame, a sensor fixing plate is fixed on one side of the fixed longitudinal beam, a tension and compression sensor is fixed on one side of the sensor fixing plate, a driven sprocket bearing seat is fixed on one side of the frame, the input end of the tension and compression sensor is electrically connected with the driven sprocket bearing seat, the output end of the tension and compression sensor is electrically connected with the input end of the controller, the bottom of the frame is fixed with a sliding shovel, one side of smooth shovel is fixed with the humidity transducer mounting bracket, one side of humidity transducer mounting bracket is fixed with humidity transducer, humidity transducer's output and the input electric connection of controller. When the cyperus esculentus harvester works, the mixture can contact with the conveying net chain along with the sliding shovel and move upwards.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a self-adaptive cyperus esculentus harvesting and soil-lifting control device.
Background
The cyperus esculentus is an economic crop which is introduced from Africa in China and integrates grain, oil, pasturing and feeding into a whole, and has high quality, high yield and wide comprehensive utilization prospect. The stem and leaf can be used for feeding herbivores such as cattle and sheep, and the fruit can be eaten directly or after being fried or used for oil extraction. In the harvest of the cyperus esculentus, the cyperus esculentus is a root crop, and in the harvest process, soil and the cyperus esculentus need to be turned over to the ground surface at the same time, so that the situations of uneven feeding, congestion, overload and the like can occur in the cleaning process, and therefore a novel self-adaptive cyperus esculentus harvester control device for solving the problem of harvesting and soil lifting of the cyperus esculentus is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a self-adaptive cyperus esculentus harvesting and soil-raising control device, which solves the problems of low separation rate and high impurity rate in the cyperus esculentus harvesting process in the traditional technology.
The second technical proposal.
The invention specifically adopts the following technical scheme for realizing the purpose:
a self-adaptive cyperus esculentus harvesting and soil-raising control device comprises a rack, wherein a control device is arranged inside the rack, the control device comprises a fixed longitudinal beam fixed on one side of the rack, a sensor fixing plate is fixed on one side of the fixed longitudinal beam, a tension and compression sensor is fixed on one side of the sensor fixing plate, a driven sprocket bearing seat is fixed on one side of the rack, the input end of the tension and compression sensor is electrically connected with the driven sprocket bearing seat, the output end of the tension and compression sensor is electrically connected with the input end of a controller, a sliding shovel is fixed at the bottom of the rack, a humidity sensor mounting frame is fixed on one side of the sliding shovel, a humidity sensor is fixed on one side of the humidity sensor mounting frame, the output end of the humidity sensor is electrically connected with the input end of the controller, a high-frequency vibration motor is fixed on one side of the rack, and a stepping motor is fixed on one side of the rack, the output and the high-frequency vibration motor and step motor electric connection of controller, the land wheel is installed to the bottom of frame, the land wheel guiding mechanism who is used for adjusting the land wheel is installed to the bottom of frame, the bottom of frame has the drive disc harrow through drive harrow spring carrier rotation, the drive mechanism who is used for driving the drive disc harrow and carries out the rotation at the circumferencial direction is installed at the top of frame, the inside of frame is provided with the cleaning sieve, the bottom of frame is fixed with the link joint bracing piece that is used for supporting the cleaning sieve, is fixed with the screen cloth between the link joint bracing piece.
Further, the cleaning sieve includes first driving motor, the output shaft end of first driving motor is fixed with the one end and the frame bearing rotation of first drive sprocket and first drive sprocket, the fixed second driving motor of one side of frame, the output shaft end of second driving motor is connected with the one end and the frame bearing rotation of second drive sprocket and second drive sprocket, the inside bearing rotation of frame has driven sprocket, there is the transport network chain in the outside of first drive sprocket, second drive sprocket and driven sprocket through the chain rotation, net chain overspeed device tensioner is installed to one side of frame.
Further, rubber guard plates are fixed inside the rack and located on two sides of the conveying net chain.
Further, a humidity sensor protective shell is fixed on the outer side of the humidity sensor.
Furthermore, a traveling wheel is fixed at the bottom of the frame.
Furthermore, the working depth of the driving disc harrow can reach fifteen centimeters, the working width reaches one point six meters, and the maximum depth of the root system result of the cyperus esculentus can be reached.
Furthermore, the inner wall of frame has the steep wheel that falls through driven sprocket bearing housing rotation, the steep wheel that falls is located the upside of conveying net chain and is connected with conveying net chain rotation through the chain.
(III) advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a self-adaptive cyperus esculentus harvesting and soil-raising control device, which has the following beneficial effects:
1. in the invention, when the cyperus esculentus harvester works, a mixture can contact with a sliding shovel and move upwards along with a conveying net chain, when the cyperus esculentus harvester reaches the conveying net chain, a driven chain wheel can transmit force to driven chain wheel bearing seats at two ends along with the increase of pressure, a tension and compression sensor can sense the change of tension, meanwhile, a humidity sensor monitors the humidity of the mixture and transmits a changed signal to a controller, the controller respectively controls a low-frequency high-amplitude vibration part and a high-frequency low-amplitude vibration part according to the change condition of the signal, when a feeding material is obviously increased and passes through a low-frequency high-amplitude vibration area, a stepping motor increases the rotating speed according to the feeding condition, so that the vibration frequency is increased, due to the comprehensive influences of the structural characteristics of the conveying net chain, inertia force and the like, the amplitude is increased, the material movement area is increased, and the material movement area is enabled to obtain a better separation effect in the vibration area, when the high-frequency low-amplitude vibration area is entered, the rotating speed is reasonably increased, the vibration frequency and the vibration amplitude are changed, the separation rate is increased, meanwhile, the humidity sensor collects the humidity condition once every-s, and relevant data are output to the controller, the controller issues an instruction to the high-frequency vibration motor under the comprehensive judgment of information of the tension and compression sensor and the humidity sensor, and the separation rate is further increased under the condition of different humidity.
2. In the invention, during harvesting, the machine runs forwards under the drive of a tractor, the travelling wheels are responsible for the supporting function of the whole machine body, the driving disc harrow is driven by the transmission mechanism to rotate in the circumferential direction and generate forward cutting motion under the drive of the tractor, the working depth reaches fifteen centimeters, the working width reaches one point and six meters, underground cyperus esculentus can be effectively separated from rhizomes by stirring, crushing and overturning the soil through the driving disc harrow, meanwhile, the cyperus esculentus is overturned to the ground surface and can be smoothly transmitted to a cleaning sieve, the subsequent cleaning process is carried out, the crushed soil moves upwards to the cleaning sieve through a sliding shovel, a first driving chain wheel is driven by a first driving motor to rotate, a second driving chain wheel is driven by a second driving motor to rotate, a driven chain wheel is arranged to drive a conveying net chain to operate and transport the mixture, the working efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a control device assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a control device according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a conveyor chain of the control device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a protection structure of a humidity sensor of the control device of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the control device according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a traveling wheel; 2. a frame; 3. a conveying network chain; 4. a rubber guard plate; 5. a transmission mechanism; 6. a land wheel adjustment mechanism; 7. a land wheel; 8. driving the disc harrow; 9. a tension and compression sensor; 10. fixing the longitudinal beam; 11. a net chain tensioning device; 12. a high-frequency vibration motor; 13. a first drive motor; 14. a second drive motor; 15. a stepping motor; 16. a sensor fixing plate; 17. sliding a shovel; 18. a humidity sensor protective case; 19. a humidity sensor; 20. a humidity sensor mounting bracket; 21. a first drive sprocket; 22. a second drive sprocket; 23. a driven sprocket; 24. and 4, a wheel is dropped sharply.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, an adaptive cyperus esculentus harvesting and soil-lifting control device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a frame 2, a control device is disposed inside the frame 2, the control device includes a fixed longitudinal beam 10 fixed on one side of the frame 2, a sensor fixing plate 16 is fixed on one side of the fixed longitudinal beam 10, a tension and compression sensor 9 is fixed on one side of the sensor fixing plate 16, a driven sprocket bearing seat is fixed on one side of the frame 2, an input end of the tension and compression sensor 9 is electrically connected with the driven sprocket bearing seat, an output end of the tension and compression sensor 9 is electrically connected with an input end of a controller, a shovel 17 is fixed on the bottom of the frame 2, a humidity sensor mounting frame 20 is fixed on one side of the shovel 17, a humidity sensor 19 is fixed on one side of the humidity sensor mounting frame 20, and an output end of the humidity sensor 19 is electrically connected with an input end of the controller, a high-frequency vibration motor 12 is fixed on one side of a frame 2, a stepping motor 15 is fixed on one side of the frame 2, the output end of a controller is electrically connected with the high-frequency vibration motor 12 and the stepping motor 15, a land wheel 7 is installed at the bottom of the frame 2, a land wheel adjusting mechanism 6 for adjusting the land wheel 7 is installed at the bottom of the frame 2, a driving disc harrow 8 is rotated at the bottom of the frame 2 through a driving harrow spring frame, a transmission mechanism 5 for driving the driving disc harrow 8 to rotate in the circumferential direction is installed at the top of the frame 2, a sorting sieve is arranged inside the frame 2, chain plate supporting rods for supporting the sorting sieve are fixed at the bottom of the frame 2, a screen mesh is fixed between the chain plate supporting rods, it should be noted that the height of the land wheel 7 is adjusted through the land wheel adjusting mechanism 6, so as to conveniently adjust the farming depth of the driving disc harrow 8, through the arrangement of the transmission mechanism 5, the self-transmission motion of the driving disc harrow 8 in the circumferential direction is conveniently driven, so that the cyperus esculentus and roots are separated, the mixture is conveniently transported and separated through a sorting screen, the separation rate is improved, a controller is matched with a control device, so that the controller is convenient to control the rotating speed of the high-frequency vibration motor 12 and the rotating speed of the stepping motor 15 under the comprehensive judgment of the information of the tension and compression sensor 9 and the information of the humidity sensor 19, so that the separation efficiency is further improved, when the cyperus esculentus harvester works, the mixture can contact with the conveying net chain 3 along with the sliding shovel 17 and move upwards, when the cyperus esculentus harvester reaches the conveying net chain 3, the driven chain wheel 23 can transmit force to the driven chain wheel bearing seats at two ends along with the increase of the pressure, the tension and compression sensor 9 can sense the change of the tension, the humidity sensor 19 monitors the humidity of the mixture, the changed signal is transmitted to the controller, the controller respectively controls the low-frequency high-amplitude vibration part and the high-frequency low-amplitude vibration part according to the change condition of the signal, when the feeding material is obviously increased and passes through a low-frequency high-amplitude vibration area, the rotating speed of the stepping motor 15 is increased according to the feeding condition, so that the vibration frequency is increased, the amplitude is increased due to the comprehensive influences of the structural characteristics of the conveying net chain 3, the inertia force and the like, the material movement interval is increased, a good separation effect is obtained in the vibration area, when the material enters the high-frequency low-amplitude vibration area, the rotating speed is reasonably increased, the vibration frequency and the amplitude are changed, the separation rate is increased, meanwhile, the humidity sensor 19 collects the humidity condition every 3-5s, relevant data are output to the controller, the controller gives an instruction to the high-frequency vibration motor 12 under the comprehensive judgment of the information of the tension and compression sensor 9 and the information of the humidity sensor 19, and the separation rate is further increased under the conditions of different humidities.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, in some embodiments, the cleaning sieve includes a first driving motor 13, a first driving sprocket 21 is fixed to an output shaft end of the first driving motor 13, one end of the first driving sprocket 21 is in bearing rotation with the frame 2, a second driving motor 14 is fixed to one side of the frame 2, an output shaft end of the second driving motor 14 is connected with a second driving sprocket 22, one end of the second driving sprocket 22 is in bearing rotation with the frame 2, a driven sprocket 23 is in bearing rotation with an inner portion of the frame 2, the outer sides of the first driving sprocket 21, the second driving sprocket 22 and the driven sprocket 23 are in chain rotation with the conveying net chain 3, a net chain tensioning device 11 is installed to one side of the frame 2, it should be noted that the crushed soil passes through the sliding shovel 17 and moves upwards to the cleaning sieve, the first driving sprocket 21 is driven to rotate by the first driving motor 13, the second driving motor 14 drives the second driving sprocket 22 to rotate, the setting of cooperation driven sprocket 23 drives the operation of conveying net chain 3, transports the mixture, improves work efficiency.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in some embodiments, rubber guard plates 4 are fixed inside the frame 2, and the rubber guard plates 4 are located on two sides of the conveying net chain 3, it should be noted that the rubber guard plates 4 protect the chain wheels and the chains, and prevent foreign matters from entering the chains during operation to hinder the cooperation operation.
As shown in fig. 3 and fig. 4, in some embodiments, a humidity sensor protection shell 18 is fixed on an outer side of the humidity sensor 19, and it should be noted that the humidity sensor 19 is protected by the humidity sensor protection shell 18, which is beneficial to avoiding the humidity sensor 19 from being damaged due to collision.
As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments, the bottom of the frame 2 is fixed with a walking wheel 1, and it should be noted that the frame 2 can move and support the frame 2 through the walking wheel 1.
As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments, the working depth of the driving disc harrow 8 can reach fifteen centimeters, the working width can reach one point six meters, and the maximum depth of the cyperus esculentus root system can be achieved.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the inner wall of the frame 2 is rotated by a driven sprocket bearing block to form a steep-falling wheel 24, the steep-falling wheel 24 is located on the upper side of the conveyor chain 3 and is rotationally connected with the conveyor chain 3 through the chain, and it should be noted that the mixture is abruptly dropped under inertia to drop in the vicinity of a high-frequency low-amplitude vibration region by being driven by the steep-falling wheel 24.
The use method of the self-adaptive cyperus esculentus harvesting and soil-lifting control device comprises the following steps:
s1: before work, the machine is suspended to a designated land through a tractor, relevant parts of the machine are adjusted, an electric control part of the machine is debugged, and harvesting is prepared;
s2: during harvesting, the machine runs forwards under the drive of a tractor, the travelling wheels 1 are responsible for the supporting effect of the whole machine body, the driving disc harrow 8 generates autorotation motion under the drive of the transmission mechanism 5 and generates forward cutting motion under the drive of the tractor, the crushed soil moves upwards to a sorting screen through the sliding shovel 17, the first driving chain wheel 21 is driven to rotate through the first driving motor 13, the second driving chain wheel 22 is driven to rotate by the second driving motor 14, the conveying net chain 3 is driven to operate by matching with the arrangement of the driven chain wheel 23, the mixture is conveyed, the working efficiency is improved, the mixture is driven by the steep-falling wheel 24 to suddenly fall under the inertia condition, the mixture falls near a high-frequency low-amplitude vibration area, the motion condition of the mixture is ensured, the separation efficiency is improved, when the cyperus esculentus harvester works, the mixture can contact with the sliding shovel 17 and move upwards, when the material reaches the conveying net chain 3, the driven chain wheel 23 transmits force to the driven chain wheel bearing seats at two ends along with the increase of pressure, the tension and compression sensor 9 senses the change of tension, meanwhile, the humidity sensor 19 monitors the humidity of the mixture and transmits the changed signal to the controller, the controller respectively controls the low-frequency high-amplitude vibration part and the high-frequency low-amplitude vibration part according to the change condition of the signal, when the fed material is obviously increased and passes through a low-frequency high-amplitude vibration area, the rotating speed of the stepping motor 15 is increased according to the feeding condition, so that the vibration frequency is increased, due to the comprehensive influences of the structural characteristics of the conveying net chain 3, the inertia force and the like, the amplitude is increased, the material movement interval is increased, a better separation effect is obtained in the vibration area, when the material enters the high-frequency low-amplitude vibration area, the rotating speed is reasonably increased, and the vibration frequency and amplitude are changed, the separation rate is improved, meanwhile, the humidity sensor 19 collects the humidity condition every 3-5s and outputs related data to the controller, and the controller sends an instruction to the high-frequency vibration motor 12 under the comprehensive judgment of the information of the tension and compression sensor 9 and the humidity sensor 19, so that the separation rate is further improved under the condition of different humidity;
S3: and after harvesting is finished, stopping the electric control system, stopping power output and cleaning the machine.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a self-adaptation cyperus esculentus results native controlling means, includes frame (2), its characterized in that: the inside of frame (2) is provided with controlling means, and controlling means is including fixing fixed longeron (10) in frame (2) one side, one side of fixed longeron (10) is fixed with sensor fixed plate (16), one side of sensor fixed plate (16) is fixed with draws and presses sensor (9), one side of frame (2) is fixed with driven sprocket bearing seat, draw the input and the driven sprocket bearing seat electric connection of pressing sensor (9), draw the output of pressing sensor (9) and the input electric connection of controller, the bottom of frame (2) is fixed with slide shovel (17), one side of slide shovel (17) is fixed with humidity transducer mounting bracket (20), one side of humidity transducer mounting bracket (20) is fixed with humidity transducer (19), the output of humidity transducer (19) and the input electric connection of controller, the automatic cleaning and screening machine is characterized in that a high-frequency vibration motor (12) is fixed on one side of the rack (2), a stepping motor (15) is fixed on one side of the rack (2), the output end of a controller is electrically connected with the high-frequency vibration motor (12) and the stepping motor (15), a land wheel (7) is installed at the bottom of the rack (2), a land wheel adjusting mechanism (6) for adjusting the land wheel (7) is installed at the bottom of the rack (2), a driving disc harrow (8) is arranged at the bottom of the rack (2) through a driving harrow spring frame in a rotating mode, a transmission mechanism (5) for driving the driving disc harrow (8) to rotate in the circumferential direction is installed at the top of the rack (2), a cleaning screen is arranged inside the rack (2), chain plate supporting rods for supporting the cleaning screen are fixed at the bottom of the rack (2), a screen mesh is fixed between the chain plate supporting rods, the cleaning screen comprises a first driving motor (13), the utility model discloses a chain transmission device, including frame (2), the output shaft end of first driving motor (13) is fixed with the one end and the frame (2) bearing rotation of first drive sprocket (21) and first drive sprocket (21), the fixed second driving motor (14) of one side of frame (2), the output axle head of second driving motor (14) is connected with the one end and the frame (2) bearing rotation of second drive sprocket (22) and second drive sprocket (22), the inside bearing rotation of frame (2) has driven sprocket (23), the outside of first drive sprocket (21), second drive sprocket (22) and driven sprocket (23) is rotated through the chain has transport network chain (3), network chain overspeed device (11) are installed to one side of frame (2).
2. An adaptive cyperus esculentus harvesting and soil lifting control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rubber guard plates (4) are fixed inside the rack (2), and the rubber guard plates (4) are located on two sides of the conveying net chain (3).
3. The adaptive cyperus esculentus harvesting and soil lifting control device of claim 2, wherein: and a humidity sensor protective shell (18) is fixed on the outer side of the humidity sensor (19).
4. An adaptive cyperus esculentus harvesting and soil lifting control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a travelling wheel (1) is fixed at the bottom of the frame (2).
5. The adaptive cyperus esculentus harvesting and soil lifting control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the working depth of the driving disc harrow (8) can reach fifteen centimeters, the working width can reach one point six meters, and the maximum depth of the cyperus esculentus root system result can be reached.
6. The adaptive cyperus esculentus harvesting and soil lifting control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inner wall of frame (2) rotates through driven sprocket bearing frame and has steep wheel (24) that falls, steep wheel (24) are located the upside of conveying net chain (3) and rotate with conveying net chain (3) through the chain and are connected.
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| CN106856841A (en) * | 2017-01-17 | 2017-06-20 | 中船重工中南装备有限责任公司 | It is a kind of can continuously recovery operations vertical double-drum harvesting machinery |
| CN207531348U (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-06-26 | 中科兆阳（北京）光暖科技有限公司 | A kind of towed cyperue esculentus cropper |
| CN107983635A (en) * | 2017-12-31 | 2018-05-04 | 吉林大学 | The wet glutinous high-efficiency grain vibration cleaning plant of Throwing formulas is turned in reciprocal deflecting |
| CN108476700A (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2018-09-04 | 甘肃农业大学 | Chinese herbal medicine excavating machine |
| CN109716918A (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2019-05-07 | 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 | It is a kind of adaptively to clean grain harvesting machine |
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| CN210124100U (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2020-03-06 | 付德权 | Harvesting and feeding device of cyperus esculentus harvester |
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| CN110366927A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-10-25 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of hilly and mountainous land potato picker |
| CN110463434A (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2019-11-19 | 山东省农业机械科学研究院 | Picker for tuber crops two-stage soil potato separator |
| CN111133877A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-05-12 | 吉林省农业机械研究院 | Towed cyperus esculentus harvester |
| AU2020101302A4 (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-08-13 | Changsha Environmental Protection Vocational and Technical College | A Final Version of a Tuber and Bulb Harvesting Device |
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