CN110366927A - A hilly mountain potato harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a hilly and mountainous potato harvester, which belongs to the field of agricultural harvesting machinery and equipment. The digging device of the invention digs up the mixture of soil and potato pieces; the power is transmitted to the power transmission system through the power output shaft of the tractor, the output power drives the rotation of the middle shaft of the gear box, and then the power is transmitted to the driving wheel through the chain to drive the vibration separation device to make Its rotation, the rotation of the main vibration separation device realizes the vibration separation of the excavated soil and potato pieces mixture and then transmits it to the secondary vibration separation device; the secondary vibration separation device vibrates and separates the potato pieces with a small amount of soil again, And transfer the separated potato pieces to the side output system. The invention adopts the hydraulic oil cylinder to adjust the angle of the excavating device, which can realize the stepless adjustment of the angle, uses a two-stage vibration separation device to solve the problem of soil viscosity in hills and mountains, and has high separation efficiency. , improve the rate of open potato, reduce the rate of buried potato and damage.

Description

A hilly mountain potato harvester

technical field

The invention relates to a hilly and mountainous potato harvester, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural harvesting machinery and equipment.

Background technique

Potato is the fourth largest food crop in the world and a cash crop. It is of great significance in solving the problem of world food shortage, ensuring energy security, improving food nutrition and achieving the Millennium Development Goals. For this reason, the United Nations named 2008 For the "International Year of the Potato". At present, the development of potato industry in developed and developing countries is uneven. The potato industry in developed countries is relatively mature, relying on technological innovation, long industrial chain, large-scale development, and mechanized production. However, the potato industry in developing countries is not of high technological level, the production scale is small and scattered, the variety is single, the deep processing industry system is not perfect, and the degree of mechanization is low. China is the country with the largest potato planting area in the world. In recent years, China's potato planting area and output are about 4.667 million hectares (70 million mu) and 80 million tons respectively. With the adjustment of the planting industry structure, the potato planting area has expanded year by year, and the problem of difficult potato harvesting has become more prominent, which has become an important factor restricting the development of the industry.

Yunnan Province is one of the earliest provinces in my country to grow potatoes. The area has sufficient sunshine, loose soil and high organic matter content, which has the inherent advantages of potato cultivation. By 2008, Yunnan's potato sown area ranked fourth in the country, and the total output ranked fifth in the country. In 2010, the potato planting area in the province reached 658,900 hectares, the fresh potato output reached 10.6 million tons, the output value reached 10.5 billion yuan, and the processing output value reached 1.5 billion yuan. Due to the huge potential of land resources in Yunnan, potatoes not only have high planting benefits in Yunnan, but also due to the special climate and natural regional advantages of Yunnan, fresh potatoes are available all year round and can be quickly exported to Southeast Asian countries. Potato markets at home and abroad also have strong competitiveness. The degree of potato mechanization and the level of technology directly affect the development of its industry. At present, the province needs to solve the key problems of mechanical harvesting.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is as follows: the present invention provides a potato harvester for hills and mountains, which is driven by a tractor, adjusts the angle of the excavating shovel through a hydraulic cylinder, and places the potatoes in strips in the field through a lateral output device, so as to solve the problem of current hilly and mountainous areas. In mountainous areas, the separation efficiency of potato soil is low, the rate of damaged potato is high, and the rate of open potato is low.

The technical scheme of the present invention is: a potato harvester for hills and mountains, comprising a frame 1, a power transmission system, an excavating device, a primary vibration separation device, a secondary vibration separation device, and a lateral output system;

The power transmission system is used to transmit power for the primary vibration separation device and the secondary vibration separation device;

The digging device is used to move the frame 1 forward by the tractor, so that the six combined digging shovels 35 enter the soil for potato digging;

The first-stage vibration separation device, the second-stage vibration separation device, and the lateral output system are connected by using belt I9, grid bars 37 and rivets 38, and after the power is transmitted through the power transmission system, the belt I9 and belt II11 are rotated to drive the belt I9 and belt II11. It rotates and vibrates itself to realize the separation of potato and soil between potatoes and clods;

The side output system is used to drive the hydraulic motor 19 to rotate through the hydraulic output power of the tractor, thereby driving the side output large wheel 21 and the side output main vibration wheel 22 to rotate, so that the transmission belt 23 rotates, so that the potato can move laterally to the side. To the end of the output system, drop into the furrow.

As a preferred solution of the present invention, the power transmission system includes a gearbox 5, a transmission shaft I2, a main sprocket I3, a main sprocket II39, a main chain 4, a transmission shaft II40, a secondary sprocket I25, a secondary sprocket II28, a secondary sprocket Chain 26, vibration wheel sprocket I 27, vibration wheel sprocket II 31, vibration wheel chain 30, drive shaft III 41, drive shaft IV 42;

The gear box 5 is welded on the front position of the frame 1, the transmission shaft I2 is connected to the right side of the gear box 5, the main sprocket I3 is installed on the transmission shaft I2 for coaxial matching, and the main chain wheel II39 is installed in the upper part of the frame. The position is coaxially matched with the transmission shaft II40, the main chain wheel I3 and the main chain wheel II39 are matched with each other through the main chain 4, and the secondary chain wheel II28 is installed on the other end of the transmission shaft II40. The wheel I25 is installed on the upper end of the rack 1 and the drive shaft III41 is coaxially matched, the secondary chain 26 is connected to the secondary sprocket I25 and the secondary sprocket II28, and the vibration wheel sprocket I27 is installed on the transmission shaft II40. The external position of the sprocket II28; the vibration wheel sprocket II31 is installed on the transmission shaft IV42 in the middle of the frame, and the vibration wheel chain 30 is connected to the vibration wheel sprocket I27 and the vibration wheel sprocket II31, and the power is transmitted through the tractor power output. It is transmitted to the gear box 5, and then the above parts are driven to rotate to transmit the power to the entire harvester.

As a preferred solution of the present invention, the excavation device includes a shovel support shaft 33, a shovel bearing pipe 43, a shovel connecting pipe 44, an excavating shovel 35, a connecting plate 32, and a hydraulic cylinder 34;

The shovel support shaft 33 is installed at the bottom of the front of the frame 1, the shovel bearing pipe 43 is welded on the shovel support shaft 33, and its position is fixed by a small steel plate, and a shovel connecting pipe 44 is installed at the front end of the shovel bearing pipe 43, using Bolts are fixed, the excavating shovel 35 is welded and installed on the shovel connecting pipe 44, one end of the connecting plate 32 is installed at both ends of the shovel support shaft 33, and the key is connected, the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder 34 is installed at the other end of the connecting plate 32, and the rotating pair is connected , the upper end of the hydraulic cylinder 34 is installed in the upper part of the frame, and the rotating pair is connected. Through the telescopic operation of the hydraulic cylinder 34, the connecting plate 32 rotates to drive the shovel support shaft 33 to rotate, and the shovel load-bearing pipe 43, the shovel connecting pipe 44 and the excavator are connected to it. The shovel 35 moves along with it, thereby adjusting the soil entry angle of the excavating shovel 35 .

As a preferred solution of the present invention, the first-stage vibration separation device includes a large driving wheel 10, a small support wheel 7, a large support wheel 36, a belt I9, a grid 37, a rivet 38, a passive vibration device 6, and a main vibration device 8;

The small support wheel 7 is installed under the front of the frame 1, above the front of the shovel support shaft 33, the passive vibration device 6 is installed in the middle of the frame, and the active vibration device 8 is installed on the frame 1 at the rear, The large driving wheel 10 is installed in the rear of the frame 1, and four small supporting wheels 7 are installed on the frame 1 in sequence at four different horizontal positions below the large driving wheel 10 and the large supporting wheel 36, and the belt I9 is clockwise in turn. Surrounding the large support wheel 36, the passive vibration device 6, the main vibration device 8, the large driving wheel 10 and the four small support wheels 7, the upper grid 37 and the rivets 38 are sequentially installed around the belt I9 to form a first-stage vibration separation device. , the large driving wheel 10 and the main vibration device 8 are respectively connected with the transmission shaft II40 and the transmission shaft IV42 of the power transmission system, and the large driving wheel 10 and the main vibration device 8 are driven to rotate through the power transmission system, and the large driving wheel 10 drives the entire belt I9 Rotation, the main vibration device 8 rotates to drive the belt I9 to vibrate up and down, and the belt I9 rotates and vibrates while driving the passive vibration device 6 to move, thereby increasing the vibration effect of the entire system.

As a preferred solution of the present invention, the secondary vibration separation device includes a small driving wheel 12, a small support wheel 7, a transition wheel 45, a belt II 11, a grid bar 37, and a rivet 38;

The small driving wheel 12 is installed at the center of the arc above the rear of the rack 1, and a small supporting wheel 7 is also installed at the lower part of the front of the small driving wheel 12. The transition wheel 45 is installed behind the large driving wheel 10 and is tangent to the outside of the belt I9, The small support wheel 7 below it is installed on the frame 1, and the belt II11 surrounds the small driving wheel 12, the two small support wheels 7, and the transition wheel 45 in turn in a clockwise direction. The outside of the belt II11 is tangent to the transition wheel 45 and surrounds the belt. II11 installs the upper grids 37 and rivets 38 in turn, the small driving wheel 12 is connected with the drive shaft III41 of the power transmission system, and transmits the power to the small driving wheel 12 through the power transmission system. The rotation of the small driving wheel 12 drives the belt II11 to rotate, and then To achieve the effect of vibration separation, the transition wheel 45 is tangent to the belt 9 and the belt II 11 to prevent the potato pieces from falling out of the gap.

As a preferred solution of the present invention, the lateral output system includes a support frame 13 , a suspension member 16 , a connecting member 17 , a mechanical telescopic rod 14 , a rear plate 47 , a middle plate 15 , a front plate 24 , a square steel 18 , and a hydraulic motor 19 , motor support 20, side output large wheel 21, side output main vibration wheel 22, transmission belt 23, small support wheel 7, load-bearing pipe 46, grid bar 37, rivet 38;

The support frame 13 is installed above the rear of the rack 1, the suspension frame 16 is movably connected to the support frame 13, the connecting piece 17 is sleeved on the suspension frame 16, and one end of the mechanical telescopic rod 14 is connected to the hanging ear of the connecting rod 17, The other end is connected to the support frame 13, and the connecting rod 17 is connected to the rib structure behind the rear plate 47 through the square steel 18. The motor support 20 is installed behind the rear plate 47 at the lower right, and the hydraulic motor 19 is installed on the motor support 20. On the upper side, the side output large wheel 21 and the side output main vibration wheel 22 are respectively installed on the right side of the middle plate 15 and the front plate 24, and two groups of six small support wheels 7 and two load-bearing pipes 46 are arranged on the left side in turn. Installed on both sides of the center position of the middle plate 15 and the front plate 24 respectively, connecting the middle plate 15 and the front plate 24, the transmission belt 23 surrounds the side output large wheel 21 and the six small support wheels 7 in a clockwise direction in turn, and the transmission belt 23 circles The upper grid 37 and the rivets 38 are installed in sequence, and the middle plate 15 is connected to the rear plate 47 by several bolts. At this point, the lateral output system is installed as a whole, and the hydraulic motor 19 is driven through the hydraulic output port of the tractor to drive the side output large wheels 21 and The rotation of the side output main vibrating wheel 22 makes the transmission belt 23 rotate, which drives the potato to change the direction of movement and fall into the ditch in the lateral movement.

As a preferred solution of the present invention, the length of the mechanical telescopic rod 14 is adjusted by screw threads, thereby adjusting the levelness of the lateral output system.

As a preferred solution of the present invention, the spacing between the grid bars 37 is 37-40 mm.

As a preferred solution of the present invention, the diameter of the small supporting wheel 7 is 74 mm, the diameter of the large driving wheel 10 is 240 mm, the diameter of the small driving wheel 12 is 200 mm, the diameter of the transmission shaft II 40 is 30 mm, the diameter of the shovel supporting shaft 33 is 50 mm, and the transmission shaft The diameter of III41 is 28mm, and the diameter of transmission shaft IV42 is 26mm.

As a preferred solution of the present invention, the center distance between the main sprocket I3 and the main sprocket II39 is 1299.9mm, the main chain 4 is 16A, the pitch is 25.4, and the center distance between the secondary sprocket I25 and the secondary sprocket II28 is 495.99mm , Secondary chain 26 model 12A, pitch 19.05, vibration wheel sprocket I 27 and vibration wheel sprocket II 31 center distance 720, vibration wheel chain 30 model 12A, pitch 19.05.

As a preferred solution of the present invention, the length of the belt I9 is 3990.95mm, the distance is 965mm, the length of the belt II11 is 1561.13mm, the distance is 965mm, the length of the transmission belt 23 is 3325.96mm, and the distance is 460mm.

In the invention, the tractor is hooked up, and then the tractor drives the harvester to carry out the harvesting operation, and the tractor runs forward to drive the excavator to dig up the soil and potato pieces mixture; the power is transmitted to the power transmission system through the tractor power output shaft, and the output power drives the gearbox The rotation of the central shaft, and then the power is transmitted to the driving wheel and the vibration separation device through the chain to make it rotate. It is transmitted to the secondary vibration separation device; the secondary vibration separation device vibrates and separates the potato pieces with a small amount of soil again, and transmits the separated potato pieces to the lateral output system; the power transmission system is used to convert the power direction and Long-distance power transmission; the side output system provides power through the tractor hydraulic output device to output the separated potato pieces sideways, so that they can be placed in the furrows in strips to complete the harvesting operation.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The present invention is simple in operation, simple in structure, economical and applicable, and has multiple uses in one machine. It is suitable for both the hilly and mountainous potato environment and the potato planting environment in the plain area, and at the same time, it can also expand its use, and is also suitable for the harvesting of other root crops. Can be applied, such as: sweet potato, sweet potato, sweet potato, etc.;

2. The present invention adopts the tractor to pull the operation, the operation power is large, the operation is convenient, and the operation efficiency is high;

3. The present invention adopts the hydraulic cylinder mode to change the traditional mode of adjusting the angle of digging shovel into soil, realizes the function of infinitely adjusting the angle, and at the same time, the operation is simple, and the operation is simpler and faster;

4. The present invention improves the separation effect of potatoes and clods through a two-stage vibration separation device and adopts multiple vibration modes at the same time, and solves the problem of soil stickiness in hilly and mountainous areas well;

5. The present invention adopts a lateral output device, and the separated potato pieces can be placed in strips in the furrows, which improves the operation efficiency, increases the rate of open potato, and reduces the rate of buried potato and damage.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the figure of the digging shovel device of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a side view of the separation and conveying part and the excavating device of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the top view of the active vibration device of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the left side view of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the front view of the lateral output system of the present invention;

8 is a side view of the lateral output system of the present invention;

Figure 9 is a front view of the lateral output system of the present invention.

Labels in Figure 1-9: 1-frame, 2-drive shaft I, 3-main sprocket I, 4-main chain, 5-gear box, 6-passive vibration device, 7-small support wheel, 8- Main vibration device, 9-belt I, 10-large driving wheel, 11-belt II, 12-small driving wheel, 13-support frame, 14-mechanical telescopic rod, 15-middle plate, 16-hanging piece, 17-connection Parts, 18-square steel, 19-hydraulic motor, 20-motor support, 21-side output large wheel, 22-side output main vibration wheel, 23-transmission belt, 24-front plate, 25-secondary sprocket I, 26-Secondary chain, 27-Vibration wheel sprocket I, 28-Secondary sprocket II, 29-Tire, 30-Vibration wheel chain, 31-Vibration wheel sprocket II, 32-Connecting plate, 33-Shovel support shaft, 34 -Hydraulic cylinder, 35- excavating shovel, 36- large support wheel, 37- grid bar, 38- rivet, 39- main sprocket II, 40- drive shaft II, 41- drive shaft III, 42- drive shaft IV, 43 -Shovel load-bearing pipe, 44-shovel connecting pipe, 45-transition wheel, 46-load-bearing pipe, 47-rear plate.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Embodiment 1: As shown in Figures 1-9, a hilly and mountainous potato harvester includes a frame 1, a power transmission system, an excavation device, a primary vibration separation device, a secondary vibration separation device, and a lateral output system;

The power transmission system is used to transmit power for the primary vibration separation device and the secondary vibration separation device;

The digging device is used to move the frame 1 forward by the tractor, so that the six combined digging shovels 35 enter the soil for potato digging;

The first-stage vibration separation device, the second-stage vibration separation device, and the lateral output system are connected by using belt I9, grid bars 37 and rivets 38, and after the power is transmitted through the power transmission system, the belt I9 and belt II11 are rotated to drive the belt I9 and belt II11. It rotates and vibrates itself to realize the separation of potato and soil between potatoes and clods;

The side output system is used to drive the hydraulic motor 19 to rotate through the hydraulic output power of the tractor, thereby driving the side output large wheel 21 and the side output main vibration wheel 22 to rotate, so that the transmission belt 23 rotates, so that the potato can move laterally to the side. To the end of the output system, drop into the furrow.

As a preferred solution of the present invention, the power transmission system includes a gearbox 5, a transmission shaft I2, a main sprocket I3, a main sprocket II39, a main chain 4, a transmission shaft II40, a secondary sprocket I25, a secondary sprocket II28, a secondary sprocket Chain 26, vibration wheel sprocket I 27, vibration wheel sprocket II 31, vibration wheel chain 30, drive shaft III 41, drive shaft IV 42;

The gear box 5 is welded on the front position of the frame 1, the transmission shaft I2 is connected to the right side of the gear box 5, the main sprocket I3 is installed on the transmission shaft I2 for coaxial matching, and the main chain wheel II39 is installed in the upper part of the frame. The position is coaxially matched with the transmission shaft II40, the main chain wheel I3 and the main chain wheel II39 are matched with each other through the main chain 4, and the secondary chain wheel II28 is installed on the other end of the transmission shaft II40. The wheel I25 is installed on the upper end of the rack 1 and the drive shaft III41 is coaxially matched, the secondary chain 26 is connected to the secondary sprocket I25 and the secondary sprocket II28, and the vibration wheel sprocket I27 is installed on the transmission shaft II40. The external position of the sprocket II28; the vibration wheel sprocket II31 is installed on the transmission shaft IV42 in the middle of the frame, and the vibration wheel chain 30 is connected to the vibration wheel sprocket I27 and the vibration wheel sprocket II31, and the power is transmitted through the tractor power output. It is transmitted to the gear box 5, and then the above parts are driven to rotate to transmit the power to the entire harvester.

As a preferred solution of the present invention, the excavation device includes a shovel support shaft 33, a shovel bearing pipe 43, a shovel connecting pipe 44, an excavating shovel 35, a connecting plate 32, and a hydraulic cylinder 34;

The shovel support shaft 33 is installed at the bottom of the front of the frame 1, the shovel bearing pipe 43 is welded on the shovel support shaft 33, and its position is fixed by a small steel plate, and a shovel connecting pipe 44 is installed at the front end of the shovel bearing pipe 43, using Bolts are fixed, the excavating shovel 35 is welded and installed on the shovel connecting pipe 44, one end of the connecting plate 32 is installed at both ends of the shovel support shaft 33, and the key is connected, the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder 34 is installed at the other end of the connecting plate 32, and the rotating pair is connected , the upper end of the hydraulic cylinder 34 is installed in the upper part of the frame, and the rotating pair is connected. Through the telescopic operation of the hydraulic cylinder 34, the connecting plate 32 rotates to drive the shovel support shaft 33 to rotate, and the shovel load-bearing pipe 43, the shovel connecting pipe 44 and the excavator are connected to it. The shovel 35 moves along with it, thereby adjusting the soil entry angle of the excavating shovel 35 .

As a preferred solution of the present invention, the first-stage vibration separation device includes a large driving wheel 10, a small support wheel 7, a large support wheel 36, a belt I9, a grid 37, a rivet 38, a passive vibration device 6, and a main vibration device 8;

The small support wheel 7 is installed under the front of the frame 1, above the front of the shovel support shaft 33, the passive vibration device 6 is installed in the middle of the frame, and the active vibration device 8 is installed on the frame 1 at the rear, The large driving wheel 10 is installed in the rear of the frame 1, and four small supporting wheels 7 are installed on the frame 1 in sequence at four different horizontal positions below the large driving wheel 10 and the large supporting wheel 36, and the belt I9 is clockwise in turn. Surrounding the large support wheel 36, the passive vibration device 6, the main vibration device 8, the large driving wheel 10 and the four small support wheels 7, the upper grid 37 and the rivets 38 are sequentially installed around the belt I9 to form a first-stage vibration separation device. , the large driving wheel 10 and the main vibration device 8 are respectively connected with the transmission shaft II40 and the transmission shaft IV42 of the power transmission system, and the large driving wheel 10 and the main vibration device 8 are driven to rotate through the power transmission system, and the large driving wheel 10 drives the entire belt I9 Rotation, the main vibration device 8 rotates to drive the belt I9 to vibrate up and down, and the belt I9 rotates and vibrates while driving the passive vibration device 6 to move, thereby increasing the vibration effect of the entire system.

As a preferred solution of the present invention, the secondary vibration separation device includes a small driving wheel 12, a small support wheel 7, a transition wheel 45, a belt II 11, a grid bar 37, and a rivet 38;

The small driving wheel 12 is installed at the center of the arc above the rear of the rack 1, and a small supporting wheel 7 is also installed at the lower part of the front of the small driving wheel 12. The transition wheel 45 is installed behind the large driving wheel 10 and is tangent to the outside of the belt I9, The small support wheel 7 below it is installed on the frame 1, and the belt II11 surrounds the small driving wheel 12, the two small support wheels 7, and the transition wheel 45 in turn in a clockwise direction. The outside of the belt II11 is tangent to the transition wheel 45 and surrounds the belt. II11 installs the upper grids 37 and rivets 38 in turn, the small driving wheel 12 is connected with the drive shaft III41 of the power transmission system, and transmits the power to the small driving wheel 12 through the power transmission system. The rotation of the small driving wheel 12 drives the belt II11 to rotate, and then To achieve the effect of vibration separation, the transition wheel 45 is tangent to the belt 9 and the belt II 11 to prevent the potato pieces from falling out of the gap.

As a preferred solution of the present invention, the lateral output system includes a support frame 13 , a suspension member 16 , a connecting member 17 , a mechanical telescopic rod 14 , a rear plate 47 , a middle plate 15 , a front plate 24 , a square steel 18 , and a hydraulic motor 19 , motor support 20, side output large wheel 21, side output main vibration wheel 22, transmission belt 23, small support wheel 7, load-bearing pipe 46, grid bar 37, rivet 38;

The support frame 13 is installed above the rear of the rack 1, the suspension frame 16 is movably connected to the support frame 13, the connecting piece 17 is sleeved on the suspension frame 16, and one end of the mechanical telescopic rod 14 is connected to the hanging ear of the connecting rod 17, The other end is connected to the support frame 13, and the connecting rod 17 is connected to the rib structure behind the rear plate 47 through the square steel 18. The motor support 20 is installed behind the rear plate 47 at the lower right, and the hydraulic motor 19 is installed on the motor support 20. On the upper side, the side output large wheel 21 and the side output main vibration wheel 22 are respectively installed on the right side of the middle plate 15 and the front plate 24, and two groups of six small support wheels 7 and two load-bearing pipes 46 are arranged on the left side in turn. Installed on both sides of the center position of the middle plate 15 and the front plate 24 respectively, connecting the middle plate 15 and the front plate 24, the transmission belt 23 surrounds the side output large wheel 21 and the six small support wheels 7 in a clockwise direction in turn, and the transmission belt 23 circles The upper grid 37 and the rivets 38 are installed in sequence, and the middle plate 15 is connected to the rear plate 47 by several bolts. At this point, the lateral output system is installed as a whole, and the hydraulic motor 19 is driven through the hydraulic output port of the tractor to drive the side output large wheels 21 and The rotation of the side output main vibrating wheel 22 makes the transmission belt 23 rotate, which drives the potato to change the direction of movement and fall into the ditch in the lateral movement.

As a preferred solution of the present invention, the length of the mechanical telescopic rod 14 is adjusted by screw threads, thereby adjusting the levelness of the lateral output system.

As a preferred solution of the present invention, the spacing between the grid bars 37 is 37-40 mm.

As a preferred solution of the present invention, the diameter of the small supporting wheel 7 is 74 mm, the diameter of the large driving wheel 10 is 240 mm, the diameter of the small driving wheel 12 is 200 mm, the diameter of the transmission shaft II 40 is 30 mm, the diameter of the shovel supporting shaft 33 is 50 mm, and the transmission shaft The diameter of III41 is 28mm, and the diameter of transmission shaft IV42 is 26mm.

As a preferred solution of the present invention, the center distance between the main sprocket I3 and the main sprocket II39 is 1299.9mm, the main chain 4 is 16A, the pitch is 25.4, and the center distance between the secondary sprocket I25 and the secondary sprocket II28 is 495.99mm , Secondary chain 26 model 12A, pitch 19.05, vibration wheel sprocket I 27 and vibration wheel sprocket II 31 center distance 720, vibration wheel chain 30 model 12A, pitch 19.05.

As a preferred solution of the present invention, the length of the belt I9 is 3990.95mm, the distance is 965mm, the length of the belt II11 is 1561.13mm, the distance is 965mm, the length of the transmission belt 23 is 3325.96mm, and the distance is 460mm.

The working principle of the present invention is:

Before use, hook the harvester frame 1 to the tractor's three-point hitch system, support the frame 1 with tires 29, connect the tractor's power take-off shaft to the gearbox 2, lower the tractor's three-point hitch height, and reach the excavation shovel. 35 and the height of the potato ridge to 150-180mm, turn on the power output device of the tractor, and the power passes through the gearbox 5, the transmission shaft I2, the main sprocket I3, the main chain 4, the main sprocket II39, and the transmission shaft II40 to drive the large driving wheel. The rotation of 10, the large driving wheel 10 drives the belt I9 and its upper grille 37 to follow the movement, the movement of the belt I9 drives the movement of the passive vibration device 6, and the first-stage vibration separation device starts to move. The vibration wheel sprocket I27 and the secondary sprocket II28 on the side also start to rotate. The rotation of the vibration wheel sprocket I28 drives the vibration wheel chain 30, the vibration wheel sprocket II31, and the transmission shaft IV42 to rotate, so that the main vibration device 8 rotates, thereby increasing the vibration of one stage. Vibration effect of separation device;

The rotation of the secondary sprocket II28 installed on the transmission shaft II40 drives the rotation of the secondary chain 26, the secondary sprocket I25, and the transmission shaft III41. The transmission shaft III41 drives the small driving wheel 12 to rotate and then drives the belt II11 and the grid bar 37 on it to follow. Movement, the secondary vibration separation device starts to move, and the transition wheel 45 between the primary vibration separation device and the secondary vibration separation device is tangent to the belt I9 and the belt II11, and at the same time rotates due to the movement of the two;

Then start the tractor to move forward slowly, adjust the hydraulic output system of the tractor, the hydraulic cylinder 34 operates, and the power is transmitted to the excavating shovel 35 through the connecting plate 32 and the shovel support shaft 33, and then the soil entry angle of the excavating shovel 35 is adjusted by the transmission power. When the excavating shovel 35 When the entry angle reaches a suitable range, the tractor stops moving forward. By adjusting the length of the mechanical telescopic rod 14 at the rear of the harvester, the angle between the support frame 13 and the hanging piece 16 is adjusted, and then the angle between the drive belt 23 of the lateral output system and the ground is adjusted. When the angle between the side output system drive belt 23 and the ground is horizontal, adjust the hydraulic output system at this time, start the rear hydraulic motor 19, the power of the hydraulic motor 19 drives the side output main vibration wheel 22 to rotate, and the side output main vibration wheel 22 The rotating rotation drives the grille 37 on the belt 23 to move, and then the transmission device of the side output device starts to move, adjusts to a reasonable speed, the tractor runs forward, starts the potato harvesting operation, and digs out the potato soil mixture through the digging shovel 35, The potato-soil mixture is firstly separated by the first-stage vibration separation device, and the potato-soil mixture is separated again by the second-stage vibration separation device. The potato changes its movement direction through the side output device, and finally falls into strips and put it into the ditch.

The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and can also be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the purpose of the present invention. Various changes.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of hilly and mountainous land potato picker, it is characterised in that: including rack (1), dynamic transfer system, excavating gear, Primary vibration separator, secondary vibration separator, lateral output system；

The dynamic transfer system is used to transmit power for primary vibration separator, secondary vibration separator；

The excavating gear is used to travel forward by tractor-drawn rack (1), enters the digger blade (35) of six combinations The excavation of soil progress potato；

The primary vibration separator, secondary vibration separator, lateral output system are used for by using belt I (9), grid Item (37) and rivet (38) are formed by connecting, and rotation drives belt I (9), belt II after transmitting power by dynamic transfer system (11) so that its own is rotated and is vibrated, realize that potato soil separates between potato and soil block；

The lateral output system is used to drive hydraulic motor (19) rotation by the hydrostatic output power of tractor, to drive Side exports bull wheel (21) and side output principal oscillation wheel (22) rotation enables potato laterally to transport so that driving belt (23) rotates It moves to lateral output system end, falls into furrow.

2. hilly and mountainous land potato picker according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the dynamic transfer system includes Gear-box (5), transmission shaft I (2), head sprocket I (3), head sprocket II (39), main chain (4), transmission shaft II (40), secondary chain wheel I (25), secondary chain wheel II (28), secondary chain (26), vibrating wheels chain wheel I (27), vibrating wheels chain wheel II (31), vibrating wheels chain (30), Transmission shaft III (41), transmission shaft IV (42)；

The gear-box (5) is welded on front position on rack (1), and transmission shaft I (2) is connected on the right side of gear-box (5), head sprocket I (3) are mounted on concentric cooperation on transmission shaft I (2), and head sprocket II (39) is mounted on rack middle and upper part position and transmission shaft II (40) concentric cooperation on makes head sprocket I (3) and head sprocket II (39) cooperate, secondary chain wheel II (28) by main chain (4) The other end of transmission shaft II (40) is mounted on by the concentric cooperation in inner position, secondary chain wheel I (25) installation frame (1) tail portion upper end passes Concentric cooperation at moving axis III (41), secondary chain (26) connect time chain wheel I (25) and time chain wheel II (28), vibrating wheels chain wheel I (27) concentric cooperation on transmission shaft II (40), while the external position in secondary chain wheel II (28) are mounted on；Vibrating wheels chain wheel II (31) it is mounted on concentric cooperation on central rack position transmission shaft IV (42), vibrating wheels chain (30) connects vibrating wheels chain wheel I (27) with vibrating wheels chain wheel II (31).

3. hilly and mountainous land potato picker according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the excavating gear includes shovel branch Support axis (33), shovel bearing tube (43), shovel connecting tube (44), digger blade (35), connecting plate (32), hydraulic cylinder (34)；

The shovel support shaft (33) is mounted at the bottom of rack (1) front, and shovel bearing tube (43) is welded on shovel support shaft (33) On, it is fixed in shovel bearing tube (43) front end installation shovel connecting tube (44) using bolt by one piece of its position of small Interal fixation, Digger blade (35) welding is mounted on shovel connecting tube (44), and one end of connecting plate (32) is mounted at shovel support shaft (33) both ends, Key connection, hydraulic cylinder (34) lower end are mounted at the other end of connecting plate (32), revolute pair connection, hydraulic cylinder (34) upper end It is mounted on rack middle and upper part, revolute pair connection, by hydraulic cylinder (34) flexible operation, connecting plate (32) rotation drives shovel support Axis (33) rotation, the shovel bearing tube (43) being connected thereto, shovel connecting tube (44) and digger blade (35) follow it to move, into And have adjusted the angle of penetration of digger blade (35).

4. hilly and mountainous land potato picker according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the primary vibration separator Including big driving wheel (10), small support wheel (7), big support wheel (36), belt I (9), grizzly bar (37), rivet (38), passive vibration Device (6), principal oscillation device (8)；

The small support wheel (7) is mounted on rack (1) lower front, at shovel support shaft (33) front upper, passive vibration dress It sets (6) and is mounted on central rack, locate active vibration device (8) in its rear and be mounted on rack (1), big driving wheel (10) installation Place after in rack (1), the four different level positions in lower section are successively installed between big driving wheel (10) and big support wheel (36) Four small support wheel (7) is on rack (1), and belt I (9) is clockwise successively around big support wheel (36), passive vibration device (6), principal oscillation device (8), big driving wheel (10) and four small support wheel (7) successively install grid in one week around belt I (9) Item (37) and rivet (38) finally constitute primary vibration separator, big driving wheel (10), principal oscillation device (8) respectively with it is dynamic Transmission shaft II (40), the transmission shaft IV (42) of force transmission system are cooperatively connected, and drive big driving wheel by dynamic transfer system (10) and principal oscillation device (8) rotation, big driving wheel (10) drive entire belt I (9) rotation, and principal oscillation device (8) rotates band The up-down vibration of dynamic belt I (9), belt I (9) rotates and drives passive vibration device (6) to move while vibration, to increase The vibrating effect of whole system.

5. hilly and mountainous land potato picker according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the secondary vibration separator Including small driving wheel (12), small support wheel (7), transition wheel (45), belt II (11), grizzly bar (37), rivet (38)；

The small driving wheel (12) is mounted at rack (1) upper rear center of arc, in small driving wheel (12) forward lower part It is equipped with small support wheel (7), it is external tangent that transition wheel (45) is mounted on big driving wheel (10) rear and belt I (9), below Small support wheel (7) is mounted on rack (1), and belt II (11) is along clockwise direction successively around small driving wheel (12), two small Support wheel (7), transition wheel (45), belt II (11) is external tangent with transition wheel (45), successively pacifies within one week around belt II (11) Grizzly bar (37) and rivet (38) are loaded onto, small driving wheel (12) connect with the transmission shaft III (41) of dynamic transfer system, passes through power For Transmission system by power transmission to small driving wheel (12), small driving wheel (12) rotation drives belt II (11) rotation, and then reaches The effect of Separation by vibration, transition wheel (45) and belt (9) and belt II (11) are tangent, prevent potato wedge from falling from its gap.

6. hilly and mountainous land potato picker according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the lateral output system includes Support frame (13), suspender (16), connector (17), mechanical-stretching bar (14), back plate (47), middle plate (15), foreboard (24), side Steel (18), hydraulic motor (19), motor bearing (20), side output bull wheel (21), side export principal oscillation wheel (22), driving belt (23), small support wheel (7), bearing tube (46), grizzly bar (37), rivet (38)；

Support frame as described above (13) is mounted on rack (1) upper rear, and hanger bracket (16) is movably connected on support frame (13), connection Part (17) is socketed on hanger bracket (16), is connected on connecting rod (17) hangers by mechanical-stretching bar (14) one end, the other end It is connected on support frame (13), is connected connecting rod (17) with the muscle structure at back plate (47) rear by square steel (18), motor branch Seat (20) is mounted on back plate (47) rear by lower right, and hydraulic motor (19) is mounted on motor bearing (20), and side exports bull wheel (21) and side output principal oscillation wheel (22) is separately mounted on middle plate (15) and foreboard (24) right side, left side successively arrangement installation Two groups amount to six small support wheel (7), and two bearing tubes (46) are separately mounted to middle plate (15) and foreboard (24) center two Side, connecting middle plate (15) and foreboard (24), driving belt (23) is along clockwise direction successively around side output bull wheel (21) and six A small support wheel (7), successively installs grizzly bar (37) and rivet (38) for driving belt (23) one weeks, and middle plate (15) passes through several spiral shells Bolt is connected on back plate (47), and so far lateral output system is mounted for an entirety, is driven by tractor hydraulic delivery outlet Hydraulic motor (19) rotates driving belt (23) to drive side output bull wheel (21) and side output principal oscillation wheel (22) to rotate, Potato is driven to change the direction of motion, lateral movement is fallen in furrow.

7. hilly and mountainous land potato picker according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the mechanical-stretching bar (14) is logical It crosses screw flight and adjusts its length, and then adjust the levelness of lateral output system.

8. hilly and mountainous land potato picker according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: spacing between the grizzly bar (37) For 37-40mm.

9. hilly and mountainous land potato picker according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: small support wheel (7) diameter For 74mm, big driving wheel (10) diameter is 240mm, and small driving wheel (12) diameter is 200mm, and transmission shaft II (40) diameter is 30mm, shovel support shaft (33) diameter are 50mm, and transmission shaft III (41) diameter is 28mm, and transmission shaft IV (42) diameter is 26mm.

10. hilly and mountainous land potato picker according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the head sprocket I (3) and master Center is away from for 1299.9mm between chain wheel II (39), main chain (4) model 16A, pitch 25.4, secondary chain wheel I (25) and time sprocket wheel II (28) center is away from for 495.99mm, secondary chain (26) model 12A, pitch 19.05, vibrating wheels chain wheel I (27) and vibration endless chain II (31) center is taken turns away from being 720, vibrating wheels chain (30) model 12A, pitch 19.05.