CN112056097A - Cyperus esculentus harvester threshing, separating and cleaning system - Google Patents
Cyperus esculentus harvester threshing, separating and cleaning system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112056097A CN112056097A CN202011093873.3A CN202011093873A CN112056097A CN 112056097 A CN112056097 A CN 112056097A CN 202011093873 A CN202011093873 A CN 202011093873A CN 112056097 A CN112056097 A CN 112056097A
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- threshing
- cyperus esculentus
- separating
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- cleaning system
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- 235000005853 Cyperus esculentus Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 241000103725 Cyperus esculentus var. esculentus Species 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 244000285774 Cyperus esculentus Species 0.000 claims description 67
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 24
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007049 Juglans regia Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009496 Juglans regia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001124569 Lycaenidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012787 harvest procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000020234 walnut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F11/00—Threshing apparatus specially adapted for maize; Threshing apparatus specially adapted for particular crops other than cereals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F12/00—Parts or details of threshing apparatus
- A01F12/18—Threshing devices
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F12/00—Parts or details of threshing apparatus
- A01F12/44—Grain cleaners; Grain separators
- A01F12/442—Rotary cleaners
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F12/00—Parts or details of threshing apparatus
- A01F12/44—Grain cleaners; Grain separators
- A01F12/446—Sieving means
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F12/00—Parts or details of threshing apparatus
- A01F12/46—Mechanical grain conveyors
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model provides a system is cleaned in threshing separation of cyperus esculentus results thing belongs to agricultural machine technical field, including frame, threshing cylinder, the ware of making a new job of a manuscript by letter, cleaning fan and cross feed machine, threshing cylinder passes through the bolt setting at a side end of frame, and threshing cylinder is including threshing shaft subassembly, upper shield arc board and sieve arc board down, the upper shield arc board passes through bolt fixed connection with sieve arc board down and constitutes the tubular structure, and one end forms the feeding mouth, and the other end forms the discharge gate, threshing shaft subassembly sets up inside the tubular structure. The invention makes the whole set of threshing and cleaning system have good separability, fluidity and multiple cleaning functions by working components such as the tangential flow threshing roller, the double-layer multi-stage 4-box type straw shaker separating device, the cleaning fan, the transverse conveyor with the soil leakage function and the like, and can effectively prevent the faults and problems of rootstalk winding, screen blockage, incomplete separation and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a threshing, separating and cleaning system for a cyperus esculentus combined harvester.
Background
Cyperus esculentus, also called underground walnut, is one of novel oil crops with a relatively promising development prospect in the plant world at present, but cannot be popularized and planted in a large area due to the difficulty in mechanized harvesting. The most main problem of the mechanical harvest of the cyperus esculentus is that the harvested materials are difficult to separate and clean, because the seeds and the roots of the cyperus esculentus are firmly connected and are accumulated in soil below the ground surface, a digging mode is required to be adopted during the harvest, and besides the seeds, various impurities such as soil, roots and the like exist in the harvested materials. During the mechanized harvesting operation, not only the seeds can be completely separated from the rootstocks, but also the seeds and various impurities can be effectively separated.
Most of the existing cyperus esculentus harvesters are obtained by slightly modifying a peanut harvester, a special threshing and cleaning device is not researched, no threshing device is installed, the traditional roller screen type or flat plate vibrating screen type separating devices are adopted, and the problems of large harvesting loss, low cleanliness, easy winding and blockage are generally existed. In particular, the adaptability is poor, the requirement on working conditions is high: (1) under the condition that the moisture content of the vibrating screen is high, particularly the rootstocks are green, the seeds, soil and the rootstocks are adhered together, the separation is difficult in the screening process, the materials can be tightly adhered to the screen surface, the jam or the forced halt is caused, and the harvesting efficiency is reduced; the screened seeds have more impurities and are easy to mildew after being stored; and the vibrating screen has higher energy consumption, large noise and easy damage, needs regular inspection and maintenance, and improves the use cost. (2) The drum screen has large volume and weight, and has great influence on the layout and the use stability of the machine type; the mesh size of the screen is fixed, so that the unsaturated grains are easy to screen out along with impurities; the work efficiency is low, and when the material was many, the screen cloth mesh blockked up, and the screening is untimely, and seed grain can be together discharged along with the rhizome, causes to take off net rate low, and the entrainment loss rate is big, seriously influences the screening effect.
In view of the above, there is a need in the art for a new solution to solve this problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the provided system for threshing, separating and cleaning the cyperus esculentus harvest realizes high-efficiency separation and cleaning of seeds, impurity soil and roots in the mechanical harvest process of the cyperus esculentus, improves the harvest efficiency and the clean rate, and reduces the loss rate and the impurity rate.
A system for threshing, separating and cleaning cyperus esculentus harvests is characterized in that: the threshing cylinder is arranged at one side end of the rack through a bolt, the threshing cylinder comprises a threshing shaft component, an upper cover arc plate and a lower sieve arc plate, the upper cover arc plate and the lower sieve arc plate are fixedly connected through a bolt to form a cylindrical structure, one end of the cylindrical structure forms a feeding port, the other end of the cylindrical structure forms a discharging port, and the threshing shaft component is arranged inside the cylindrical structure;
the straw sorting device is arranged below the rear part of a discharge port of the threshing cylinder, and comprises 4 groove-shaped key boxes, a crankshaft I and a crankshaft II, wherein the crankshaft I and the crankshaft II are four-crank type crankshafts, each crank of the crankshaft I and the crankshaft II is rotatably connected with 1 groove-shaped key box through a bearing seat to form a parallel four-link mechanism, and two ends of the crankshaft I and the crankshaft II are respectively rotatably connected with the rack through the bearing seats;
the cleaning fan is fixed below the straw separator on the rack through bolts and comprises an impeller shaft assembly and a shell, the shell is cylindrical, and the impeller shaft assembly is arranged inside the shell;
the transverse conveyor is arranged at the lower part of the straw shaker and comprises a driving shaft assembly, a driven shaft assembly, a sleeve conveying chain and a conveying support, wherein two ends of the driving shaft assembly are rotatably connected with the front end of the conveying support through bearing seats, two ends of the driven shaft assembly are rotatably connected with the rear end of the conveying support through the bearing seats, and the sleeve conveying chain is of an annular chain structure and is used for connecting the driving shaft assembly and the driven shaft assembly.
The threshing shaft assembly comprises a mandrel welding part and a threshing support rod, the mandrel welding part comprises a mandrel and three support disks, and the three support disks are respectively welded at the middle part and two ends of the mandrel; the threshing support rods are 4 and are fixedly connected with the support disc through bolts, each threshing support rod comprises a threshing shaft and an arched threshing tooth, and the arched threshing teeth are arranged on the threshing shaft and form an angle of 45 degrees with the threshing shaft.
The arc-shaped panel of the lower sieve arc plate is provided with elliptical sieve pores, the short axis length of each sieve pore is 0.45-0.55 times of the average diameter of the cyperus esculentus, and the long axis length of each sieve pore is 2.5-3.5 times of the average diameter of the cyperus esculentus.
The eccentric amount of each turn of the 4-turn type structure of the crank shaft I and the crank shaft II is the same, the first turn limiting angle is 0 degree, the second turn is 180 degrees, the third turn is 90 degrees, and the fourth turn is 270 degrees.
The key box is of a rectangular box structure and comprises key box side plates, an upper layer sieve plate and a lower layer sieve plate, and the upper edges of the key box side plates are in a sawtooth shape; the two sides of the upper-layer sieve plate are fixedly connected with the key box side plates through welding, the upper-layer sieve plate is of an inclined upward 4-level ladder type structure, the upper-layer sieve plate is provided with elliptical holes, the minor axis length of each elliptical hole is 1.45-1.55 times of the average diameter of the cyperus esculentus, the major axis length of each elliptical hole is 2.5-3.5 times of the average diameter of the cyperus esculentus, and the upper-layer sieve plate is provided with transverse convex ribs at equal intervals; the lower-layer sieve plate is provided with elliptical holes, the minor axis length of each elliptical hole is 0.45-0.55 times of the average diameter of the cyperus esculentus, and the major axis length of each elliptical hole is 2.5-3.5 times of the average diameter of the cyperus esculentus.
Tooth-shaped battens are arranged on the upper parts of the 4-level stepped structures of the upper-layer sieve plate.
The impeller shaft assembly includes an impeller shaft and blades.
The sleeve conveying chain is of an annular chain structure and is arranged on two sides of the conveying support, corresponding chain links on the two sides are connected through long pin shafts, rotatable sleeves are mounted on the long pin shafts, and gaps between the adjacent sleeves are smaller than the particle size of the cyperus esculentus.
Through the design scheme, the invention can bring the following beneficial effects: a threshing, separating and cleaning system for cyperus esculentus harvests is characterized in that a shear flow type threshing roller, a double-layer multi-stage 4-box type straw separator, a cleaning fan, a transverse conveyor with a soil leakage function and other working components are used, so that the whole set of threshing and cleaning system has good separability, flowability and multiple cleaning functions, and faults and problems such as root and stem winding, screen blockage, incomplete separation and the like can be effectively prevented.
The invention has the further beneficial effects that:
(1) the threshing cylinder of the invention makes up the defect that the existing cyperus esculentus harvester is lack of special threshing parts. The threshing cylinder has a larger diameter, so that the threshing cylinder can prevent winding and guarantee threshing time; the adoption of the bow-shaped threshing teeth tangential flow type striking mode has large striking force, can improve the threshing rate, reduce the entrainment loss rate, well keep the integrity of the threshed rootstocks and is beneficial to the subsequent straw separator separation treatment;
(2) the double-layer multi-order 4-box type straw shaker solves the problems of difficult separation, easy winding and blockage and poor adaptability of the conventional flat vibrating screen or drum screen, and can better ensure the rotational inertia balance of the machine;
(3) the double-layer multi-order 4-box type manuscript-by-manuscript separator ensures that materials are always in a dynamic state in the screening process through the reciprocating staggered throwing mode of different key boxes. The sawteeth on the two side plates and the toothed strip plate of the key box can shake materials loose and accelerate separation when in work; but also can accelerate the backward movement speed of the rootstock; the rootstock can be supported, so that the problem that materials are shaken and gathered at one side of the straw walker and conveyed unevenly when the machine works in a transverse inclined mode is solved;
(4) the rhizome and soil can be effectively separated from the cyperus esculentus seeds in sequence through the two layers of sieve plates arranged on the key box, the separation capacity is strong, the efficiency is high, the structure is simplified to the maximum extent, the problem of winding and blocking is solved, the phenomenon of seed entrainment does not exist in the rhizome discharging process, and the soil content and the rhizome content of the screened seeds are far lower than those of the prior art;
(5) the cleaning fan is provided with the air quantity and air direction adjusting plates, adapts to the flow condition of the impurity rhizome, can effectively remove impurities such as rhizome chips and the like, has strong processing capacity, and ensures the cleanliness of seeds.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a system for threshing, separating and cleaning Cyperus esculentus harvests according to the invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of a cyperus esculentus harvester threshing, separating and cleaning system of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a frame of the cyperus esculentus harvester threshing, separating and cleaning system.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a threshing cylinder of the cyperus esculentus harvester threshing, separating and cleaning system.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a threshing shaft assembly of the cyperus esculentus harvester threshing, separating and cleaning system.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a mandrel welding structure of the cyperus esculentus harvester threshing, separating and cleaning system.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a threshing stay bar of the cyperus esculentus harvester threshing, separating and cleaning system.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a straw grader structure of the cyperus esculentus harvester threshing, separating and cleaning system of the invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a crank shaft of the cyperus esculentus harvester threshing, separating and cleaning system.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a key box of the cyperus esculentus harvester threshing, separating and cleaning system.
Fig. 11 is an enlarged schematic view of a structure of a key box A of the cyperus esculentus harvester threshing, separating and cleaning system.
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a lower layer sieve plate of a key box of the cyperus esculentus harvester threshing, separating and cleaning system.
FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of a cleaning fan of the cyperus esculentus harvester threshing, separating and cleaning system.
FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of an impeller shaft assembly of the cyperus esculentus harvester threshing, separating and cleaning system.
Fig. 15 is a schematic structural view of a transverse conveyor of the cyperus esculentus harvester threshing, separating and cleaning system.
In the figure, 1-a rack, 2-a threshing roller, 3-a straw shaker, 4-a cleaning fan, 5-a transverse conveyor, 6-a threshing shaft combination, 7-an upper cover arc plate, 8-a lower sieve arc plate, 9-mandrel welding, 10-a threshing stay bar, 11-a mandrel, 12-a supporting disc, 13-a threshing shaft, 14-an arc-shaped threshing tooth, 15-a groove-shaped key box, 16-a crankshaft I, 17-a crankshaft II, 18-a key box side plate, 19-an upper sieve plate, 20-a lower sieve plate, 21-a transverse convex rib, 22-a tooth-shaped slat, 23-an impeller shaft assembly, 24-a shell, 25-an impeller shaft, 26-a blade, 27-a driving shaft assembly, 28-a driven shaft assembly, 29-a sleeve conveying chain, 30-delivery of the stent.
Detailed Description
A cyperus esculentus harvester threshing, separating and cleaning system is shown in figures 1 and 2 and comprises a frame 1, wherein a threshing cylinder 2, a straw shaker 3, a cleaning fan 4 and a transverse conveyor 5 are arranged on the frame 1;
the threshing cylinder 2 is transversely arranged at the front upper end of the frame 1;
the straw shaker 3 is arranged at the rear lower part of the outlet of the threshing cylinder 2;
the cleaning fan 4 is arranged below the straw separator 3, and the air outlet faces to the groove-shaped bottom outlet of the straw separator 3;
the transverse conveyor 5 is arranged below the groove-shaped bottom outlet of the straw shaker 3.
As shown in fig. 3, is a main body mechanism of the frame 1.
As shown in fig. 4, further, the threshing cylinder 2 comprises a threshing shaft assembly 6, and an upper cover arc plate 7 and a lower sieve arc plate 8 are sleeved on the threshing shaft assembly 6;
as shown in fig. 5, the threshing shaft assembly 6 comprises a mandrel seam 9 and 4 threshing struts 10;
as shown in fig. 6, the mandrel seam 9 is formed by connecting a mandrel 11 and 3 supporting disks 12 in a welding manner, wherein the supporting disks 12 are respectively located at two ends and the middle part of the mandrel 11;
as shown in fig. 7, a plurality of bow-shaped threshing teeth 14 forming an included angle of 45 degrees with the axis of the threshing shaft 13 are uniformly welded on each threshing support rod 10;
as shown in fig. 5, each threshing support rod 10 is fixedly connected with 3 support discs 12 through bolts;
the threshing shaft assembly 6 is rotatably arranged at the front end of the frame 1 through a bearing and a bearing seat;
as shown in fig. 4, the upper cover arc plate 7 and the lower sieve arc plate 8 are fixedly connected together through bolts to form a barrel-shaped structure, and the barrel-shaped structure is wrapped outside the threshing shaft assembly 6, and is provided with a feeding port at the front part and a discharging port at the rear part; and is fixedly connected with the frame 1 through bolts. The lower sieve arc plate 8 contains uniformly distributed elliptical sieve pores on the arc plate surface, the short axis length of the pores is about 0.5 times of the average diameter of the cyperus esculentus, and the long axis length is about 3 times of the average diameter of the cyperus esculentus.
The threshing cylinder 2 has the functions of: the cyperus esculentus connected with the grass roots is separated from the grass roots under the beating action of the threshing shaft assembly 6; meanwhile, the large soil blocks are smashed, and part of the smashed soil is discharged from the sieve pores of the lower sieve arc plate 8, so that the functions of cyperus esculentus threshing and primary soil discharging are achieved.
As shown in fig. 8, the document scanner 3 includes 4 groove-shaped keyboxes 15, a crankshaft i 16, a crankshaft ii 17, and the like;
as shown in fig. 9, the crank shafts i 16 and ii 17 are both 4-throw type structures, and the eccentric amounts of the throws are the same, wherein the first throw limiting angle is 0 degree, the second throw is 180 degrees, the third throw is 90 degrees, and the fourth throw is 270 degrees;
as shown in fig. 8, each crank on the crank shafts i 16 and ii 17 is rotatably connected with 1 groove-shaped key box 15 through a bearing and a bearing seat, and forms a parallel four-bar linkage; when the crankshaft I16 and the crankshaft II 17 rotate, the 4 groove type key boxes 15 respectively do plane rotary motion, phase angles of the groove type key boxes 15 at the same time are different, and the groove type key boxes are uniformly distributed on a 360-degree circumference, so that the balance of rotational inertia during the operation of the manuscript-chasing device 3 is ensured to the maximum extent.
Two ends of the crankshaft I16 and the crankshaft II 17 are respectively connected with the frame 1 in a rotating way through bearings and bearing seats;
as shown in fig. 10 and 11, the groove-type key box 15 is a long and narrow box-type structure, the upper edges of the key box side plates 18 are serrated, and an upper screen plate 19 and a lower screen plate 20 are respectively arranged between the two key box side plates 18;
further, the upper-layer sieve plate 19 is of an upward inclined stepped structure with 4 steps, and a certain fall is formed between two-step sieve plates; the screen plate surface of each step is provided with elliptical holes, the minor axis of each elliptical hole is about 1.5 times of the average diameter of the cyperus esculentus, and the major axis of each elliptical hole is about 3 times of the average diameter of the cyperus esculentus; a plurality of transverse convex ribs 21 are arranged on the upper-layer sieve plate 19 at equal intervals; the upper-layer sieve plate 19 is fixedly connected with the key box side plates 18 at two sides in a welding mode.
The function of the upper screen plate 19 is: under the throwing action formed by the rotary motion of the groove-shaped key box 15, cyperus esculentus and soil with larger density and smaller grain diameter are sieved from the sieve plate, grass roots, leaves and stems with larger external dimension are retained above the sieve plate, and are finally discharged from the tail end of the groove-shaped key box 15 through continuous pushing of the transverse convex ribs 21, so that the effect of separating the roots, the leaves and the stems is achieved.
As shown in fig. 12, further, the lower screen plate 20 is divided into a front section and a rear section, both of which form a certain inclination angle with the horizontal plane, and a discharge hole is reserved between the two sections; the front and the rear sections of the lower-layer sieve plates 20 are provided with elliptical holes, the minor axis of each elliptical hole is about 0.5 times of the average diameter of the cyperus esculentus, and the major axis of each elliptical hole is about 3 times of the average diameter of the cyperus esculentus.
The function of the lower deck 20 is: under the throwing action formed by the rotary motion of the groove-shaped key box 15, soil with smaller grain size is screened out from the sieve pores of the lower-layer sieve plate 20, and cyperus esculentus with larger grain size moves on the upper surface of the lower-layer sieve plate 20 to the discharge port and falls down, so that the complete separation of beans and soil is realized.
As shown in fig. 10 and 11, further, the slotted keybox 15 is fixed with a plurality of toothed laths 22 on each step of the upper screen plate 19 for better separation effect and efficiency; the toothed laths 22 and the saw teeth on the upper parts of the key box side plates 18 on the two sides can more effectively layer the grass, beans and soil, accelerate the falling of the beans and soil from the upper layer sieve plate 19, and simultaneously the saw teeth also help to accelerate the movement speed of the grass on the upper layer sieve plate 19.
As shown in fig. 13, further, the cleaning fan 4 comprises an impeller shaft assembly 23, and a casing 24 is sleeved on the impeller shaft assembly 23;
as shown in fig. 14, the impeller shaft assembly 23 includes an impeller shaft 25, and blades 26 are welded on the impeller shaft 25;
the cleaning fan 4 is fixedly connected on the frame 1 through bolts, specifically positioned below the front part of the straw shaker 3, and the air outlet thereof is positioned in front of the discharge hole of the lower-layer sieve plate 20; when the cleaning device works, the fan blows air flow obliquely towards the rear upper part to blow out fine impurities such as grass fragments mixed in the falling cyperus esculentus seeds, and the effect of further cleaning the seeds is achieved.
As shown in fig. 15, further, the transverse conveyor 5 comprises a driving shaft assembly 27, a driven shaft assembly 28, a sleeve conveying chain 29 and a conveying bracket 30;
two ends of the driving shaft assembly 27 are rotatably connected with the front part of the conveying bracket 30 through bearings and bearing seats;
two ends of the driven shaft assembly 28 are rotatably connected with the rear part of the conveying bracket 30 through bearings and bearing seats;
the sleeve conveying chain 29 is of an annular chain structure, the two sides of the chain are the same, corresponding chain links are connected through long pin shafts, rotatable sleeves are mounted on the long pin shafts, and the gap between every two adjacent sleeves is smaller than the grain size of the cyperus esculentus;
the transverse conveyor 5 is fixedly connected with the frame 1 through bolts and is specifically positioned right below a discharge port of a lower-layer sieve plate 20 of the straw grader 3, so that cyperus esculentus seeds discharged by the straw grader 3 are ensured to directly fall on the transverse conveyor 5.
The power of the threshing cylinder 2, the straw shaker 3, the cleaning fan 4, the transverse conveyor 5 and the like is input from the outside, and the power is changed in direction and speed by a plurality of gear boxes and an intermediate shaft to drive the working parts to operate respectively.
The general structure of the invention is made of metal material.
In this embodiment, the working process of the present invention is:
when the multifunctional nutlet threshing machine works, dug nutlet seeds, impurity soil, roots and the like enter the threshing cylinder 2 together. Under the rotating and beating action of the threshing shaft assembly 6, the seeds are separated from the roots and the stems, soil blocks are also crushed, and part of crushed soil falls to the ground through the sieve holes of the lower sieve arc plate 8.
The mixture of the threshed seeds, rhizomes and soil is thrown out from an outlet of a threshing cylinder 2 and falls onto an upper-layer sieve plate 19 of a groove-shaped key box 15 of the straw shaker 3, and materials on a sieve surface move backwards gradually under the alternate throwing and shaking actions of the groove-shaped key boxes 15; in the process, the material still undergoes three falling and overturning, and the rootstocks which cannot leak from the upper-layer sieve plate 19 are thoroughly separated and discharged from the tail part of the straw shaker 3 to fall to the ground. The seeds, the soil and a few parts of crushed rootstocks fall onto the lower-layer sieve plate 20 through the upper-layer sieve plate 19 under the action of gravity and shaking; the seeds and soil on the lower screen plate 20 are separated under the action of gravity and shaking, wherein the soil falls back to the ground from the lower screen plate 20, and the cyperus esculentus seeds move to a discharge port along the lower screen plate 20 and are discharged and fall onto the transverse conveyor 5.
When the cyperus esculentus seeds fall from the discharge hole of the straw shaker 3 to the transverse conveyor 5, the cyperus esculentus seeds are blown out of the machine body from the rear under the action of the airflow of the cleaning fan 4.
During the conveying process of the seeds falling onto the transverse conveyor 5, a small amount of soil mixed in the seeds is discharged from the gap of the sleeve conveying chain 29, and finally the clean seeds are conveyed to one side by the transverse conveyor 5 and collected, so that the whole process of threshing, screening and winnowing of the cyperus esculentus seeds is completed.
Claims (8)
1. A system for threshing, separating and cleaning cyperus esculentus harvests is characterized in that: the threshing machine comprises a rack (1), a threshing cylinder (2), a straw shaker (3), a cleaning fan (4) and a transverse conveyor (5), wherein the threshing cylinder (2) is arranged at one side end part of the rack (1) through a bolt, the threshing cylinder (2) comprises a threshing shaft component (6), an upper cover arc plate (7) and a lower sieve arc plate (8), the upper cover arc plate (7) and the lower sieve arc plate (8) are fixedly connected through a bolt to form a cylindrical structure, one end of the upper cover arc plate forms a feeding port, the other end of the upper cover arc plate forms a discharging port, and the threshing shaft component (6) is arranged inside the cylindrical structure;
the straw sorting device (3) is arranged behind and below a discharge port of the threshing cylinder (2), the straw sorting device (3) comprises 4 groove-shaped key boxes (15), crankshafts I (16) and crankshafts II (17), the crankshafts I (16) and the crankshafts II (17) are four-crank type crankshafts, each crank of the crankshafts I (16) and the crankshafts II (17) is rotatably connected with 1 groove-shaped key box (15) through a bearing seat to form a parallel four-link mechanism, and two ends of the crankshafts I (16) and two ends of the crankshafts II (17) are rotatably connected with the rack (1) through the bearing seats respectively;
the cleaning fan (4) is fixed below the straw separator (3) on the rack (1) through bolts, the cleaning fan (4) comprises an impeller shaft assembly (23) and a shell (24), the shell (24) is cylindrical, and the impeller shaft assembly (23) is arranged inside the shell (24);
transverse conveyor (5) set up in the lower part of making a manuscript or a manuscript ware (3) one by one, and transverse conveyor (5) are including driving shaft subassembly (27), driven shaft subassembly (28), sleeve conveying chain (29) and delivery support (30), driving shaft subassembly (27) both ends are passed through the bearing frame and are connected with delivery support (30) front end rotation, driven shaft subassembly (28) both ends are passed through the bearing frame and are connected with delivery support (30) rear end rotation, sleeve conveying chain (29) are the annular chain structure for connect driving shaft subassembly (27) and driven shaft subassembly (28).
2. The cyperus esculentus harvester threshing, separating and cleaning system as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the threshing shaft assembly (6) comprises a mandrel welding part (9) and threshing support rods (10), the mandrel welding part (9) comprises mandrels (11) and support discs (12), and the number of the support discs (12) is three, and the support discs are respectively welded at the middle part and two ends of the mandrel (11); threshing stay bars (10) are arranged to be 4, and are fixedly connected with a supporting disc (12) through bolts, each threshing stay bar (10) comprises a threshing shaft (13) and an arched threshing tooth (14), and the arched threshing tooth (14) is arranged on the threshing shaft (13) and forms an angle of 45 degrees with the threshing shaft (13).
3. The cyperus esculentus harvester threshing, separating and cleaning system as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the arc-shaped panel of the lower sieve arc plate (8) is provided with elliptical sieve pores, the short axis length of each sieve pore is 0.45-0.55 times of the average diameter of the cyperus esculentus, and the long axis length of each sieve pore is 2.5-3.5 times of the average diameter of the cyperus esculentus.
4. The cyperus esculentus harvester threshing, separating and cleaning system as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the eccentric amount of each crank of the crank shaft I (16) and crank shaft II (17)4 crank type structure is the same, the first crank limiting angle is 0 degree, the second crank is 180 degrees, the third crank is 90 degrees, and the fourth crank is 270 degrees.
5. The cyperus esculentus harvester threshing, separating and cleaning system as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the key box (15) is of a rectangular box structure and comprises key box side plates (18), an upper-layer sieve plate (19) and a lower-layer sieve plate (20), and the upper edges of the key box side plates (18) are in a sawtooth shape; the two sides of the upper-layer sieve plate (19) are fixedly connected with the key box side plate (18) through welding, the upper-layer sieve plate (19) is of an inclined upward 4-level step structure, the upper-layer sieve plate (19) is provided with elliptical holes, the minor axis length of each elliptical hole is 1.45-1.55 times of the average diameter of the cyperus esculentus, the major axis length of each elliptical hole is 2.5-3.5 times of the average diameter of the cyperus esculentus, and transverse convex ribs (21) are arranged on the upper-layer sieve plate (19) at equal intervals; the lower-layer sieve plate (20) is provided with elliptical holes, the minor axis length of each elliptical hole is 0.45-0.55 times of the average diameter of the cyperus esculentus, and the major axis length of each elliptical hole is 2.5-3.5 times of the average diameter of the cyperus esculentus.
6. The cyperus esculentus harvester threshing, separating and cleaning system as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that: tooth-shaped battens (22) are arranged on the upper parts of the 4-level stepped structures of the upper-layer sieve plates (19).
7. The cyperus esculentus harvester threshing, separating and cleaning system as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the impeller shaft assembly (23) comprises an impeller shaft (25) and blades (26).
8. The cyperus esculentus harvester threshing, separating and cleaning system as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the sleeve conveying chain (29) is of an annular chain structure and is arranged on two sides of the conveying support (30), corresponding chain links on the two sides are connected through long pin shafts, rotatable sleeves are mounted on the long pin shafts, and gaps between adjacent sleeves are smaller than the particle size of the cyperus esculentus.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011093873.3A CN112056097A (en) | 2020-10-14 | 2020-10-14 | Cyperus esculentus harvester threshing, separating and cleaning system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011093873.3A CN112056097A (en) | 2020-10-14 | 2020-10-14 | Cyperus esculentus harvester threshing, separating and cleaning system |
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| CN112056097A true CN112056097A (en) | 2020-12-11 |
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| CN202011093873.3A Pending CN112056097A (en) | 2020-10-14 | 2020-10-14 | Cyperus esculentus harvester threshing, separating and cleaning system |
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| CN (1) | CN112056097A (en) |
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| CN112840826A (en) * | 2021-01-07 | 2021-05-28 | 青岛农业大学 | Key type separating and cleaning device for cyperus esculentus |
| CN113498664A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-10-15 | 吉林大学 | Self-adaptive cyperus esculentus harvesting and soil-lifting control device |
| CN116114477A (en) * | 2023-01-10 | 2023-05-16 | 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 | Highland barley threshing winnowing device |
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Application publication date: 20201211 |