CN106258196A - Survey the crop harvesting method produced for community and implement the equipment of the method - Google Patents

Survey the crop harvesting method produced for community and implement the equipment of the method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106258196A
CN106258196A CN201610638143.4A CN201610638143A CN106258196A CN 106258196 A CN106258196 A CN 106258196A CN 201610638143 A CN201610638143 A CN 201610638143A CN 106258196 A CN106258196 A CN 106258196A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
roll
seed
band
fruit ear
screen
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201610638143.4A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
吉会学
金铎
金石栋
金石岭
李志杰
纪世东
刘松华
郭涛
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We Are Hebei Agricultural Machinery Technology Co Ltd
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We Are Hebei Agricultural Machinery Technology Co Ltd
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Application filed by We Are Hebei Agricultural Machinery Technology Co Ltd filed Critical We Are Hebei Agricultural Machinery Technology Co Ltd
Priority to CN201610638143.4A priority Critical patent/CN106258196A/en
Publication of CN106258196A publication Critical patent/CN106258196A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01DHARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D45/00Harvesting of standing crops
    • A01D45/02Harvesting of standing crops of maize, i.e. kernel harvesting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01DHARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D41/00Combines, i.e. harvesters or mowers combined with threshing devices
    • A01D41/06Combines with headers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01DHARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D41/00Combines, i.e. harvesters or mowers combined with threshing devices
    • A01D41/12Details of combines
    • A01D41/127Control or measuring arrangements specially adapted for combines
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07BSEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/28Moving screens not otherwise provided for, e.g. swinging, reciprocating, rocking, tilting or wobbling screens
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07BSEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/46Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
    • B07B1/4609Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens constructional details of screening surfaces or meshes

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Harvesting Machines For Specific Crops (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of crop harvesting method surveyed for community and produce, described method comprises the steps: harvesting, first agricultural crop straw is fed the ceding of Taiwan, utilizes the ceding of Taiwan that fruit ear is separated with straw, and the fruit ear after peeling off is delivered to sheller unit;Roll threshing, utilize in sheller unit with on roll band and under roll the platform that rolls of band fruit ear pulverized, subsequently the fruit ear after crushing is transported to threshing in thrashing roller;Cleaning separation, the fruit ear after processing feeds in cleaning plant to be cleaned, and utilizes sorting screen to filter out seed;Further such that seed separates with foreign material such as straw chip, leaves;Wherein in rolling threshing step, described in roll platform on roll band and under roll in band at least one be made up of elastomeric material.The invention also discloses a kind of harvest equipment for implementing said method.

Description

Survey the crop harvesting method produced for community and implement the equipment of the method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of agricultural automation machinery, more particularly to a kind of receipts for cell breeding experiment field Cutting mill tool and yield assessment system.
Background technology
Crop yield is a key factor of assessment agricultural production efficiency.Crop yield refers to unit plane under specified conditions The long-pending output ploughed, it is plant growth result under numerous environmental factorss and farmland production control measures combined influence, is During realizing production estimation, Scientific Regulation puts into and formulates the basis of management decision-making measure.
The acquisition of yield data and volume variance analysis play a work formed a connecting link in whole accurate agricultural system With, it is the end of a cycle of operation of accurate agricultural, is again the beginning of next circulation.
In recent years, system for measuring yield has gradually formed commercialization, and these system for measuring yield are mainly used in the harvesting of granola cereal Machinery.At the product of system for measuring yield of some companies mainly for graininess crops, such as, little grain, granular Semen Maydis, Semen sojae atricolor, Oryza sativa L. and grass seed etc..System for measuring yield of the prior art such as when being applied to Semen Maydis and surveying product operation, is suitable for corn kernel Condition at water content≤20% carries out threshing results, and in the production practices of China, due to agronomy and the restriction of weather, Beginning to harvesting results corn content is ≤30% when, now the water content of Semen Maydis is high, is not suitable for threshing.
In system for measuring yield especially for test breeding, under conditions of the default growth stage expires, it is necessary to agriculture Crop carries out harvest operation, and no matter seed is the most ripe.In order to obtain accurate yield assessment, necessary carrying out surveying product when Also will count being preset to the long immature seed of fashion that expires.Such as, at the experimental plot yield assessment for Semen Maydis In, need to complete higher for the water content than 30% corn kernel results, it is ensured that the seed that these water content are high will not be worked as Do impurity and be depleted in harvesting process.In system for measuring yield the most at home and abroad, the most not disclosure satisfy that test breeding System for measuring yield.
For testing especially for community crops, seed high for water content completely can be gathered in the crops with greater need for a kind of, And the yield of test seed of can accurately testing and assessing and various index.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems referred to above of the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of novel for cell breeding, especially It is harvest machinery and the system for measuring yield of corn breeding.
According to an aspect of the present invention, it is proposed that a kind of crop harvesting method surveying product for community, described method Comprise the steps: harvesting, first the agricultural crop straw with fruit ear is fed the ceding of Taiwan, utilize the nearside divider in the ceding of Taiwan, cut fringe Mechanism makes fruit ear separate with straw, and the straw being stripped fruit ear falls in field, and the fruit ear after peeling off is delivered to take off Grain device;Roll threshing, in described sheller unit, fruit ear proceeded as follows, first with on roll band and lower stone roller Fruit ear is processed by the platform that rolls of pressure zone, is pulverized by fruit ear, subsequently the fruit ear after crushing is transported to threshing in thrashing roller, Utilize thrashing roller that the seed on fruit ear is departed from fruit ear stem core;Clean separation, roll platform and described grain threshing roller by described After cylinder process, fruit ear feeds in cleaning plant and cleans, and utilizes sorting screen to filter out seed;Further such that seed and straw The foreign material such as chip, leaf separate;Wherein in rolling threshing step, described in roll platform on roll band and under roll in band extremely It is made up of elastomeric material for few one.
Preferably, according in the harvesting method of the present invention, clean in step described, in cleaning separating step, Being further divided into cleaning and concentration step, seed is cleaned by the sorting screen utilizing next-door neighbour's threshing cylinder to arrange, utilization is positioned at Recleaner screen below sorting screen carries out selected, and this recleaner screen is arranged between sorting screen and seed conveyer belt, is fallen by sorting screen Seed screen further so that fall into the seed material in sorting screen free from foreign meter.
Preferably, in cleaning step, it is also possible to it is light to blow away comparison that utilization is arranged on sorting screen side applying air-flow Impurity.
In one embodiment according to the present invention, in described crop harvesting method, described crops are Semen Maydiss;? Harvesting is comprised the steps:: first the corn stalk with corncob is fed the ceding of Taiwan, utilize in the ceding of Taiwan when Semen Maydis is gathered in the crops Nearside divider, grain header structure corncob is separated with corn stalk, the corn stalk being stripped corncob falls in field, will Corncob after stripping is delivered to sheller unit;Roll threshing: in described sheller unit, corncob is proceeded as follows, first First with above roll band and under roll the platform that rolls of band corncob processed, by broken for the bract of corncob and will Corncob pulverizes, and subsequently the corncob after crushing is transported to threshing in thrashing roller, utilizes thrashing roller to make on corncob Corn kernel and corncob cellulose depart from;Clean separation: by described roll platform and described thrashing roller process after corncob feed Cleaning plant is cleaned, utilizes sorting screen to filter out corn kernel, further such that niblet and corn stalk, corncob with And the foreign material such as bract separate.
Preferably, in above-mentioned harvesting method, recleaner screen can be to use the form of flat vibrosieve, described vibration The sieve plate of sieve is provided with multiple unidirectional fluxion structure, and this single file fluxion structure is arranged to stop the article on sieve plate towards entrance Mobile, only allow screened article mobile towards outlet.
It is further preferred that the cross section of the sieve plate of described recleaner screen can be configured with the Sawtooth waves of continuous print sawtooth Stricture of vagina, the inclined-plane of this sawtooth is towards entrance, and the vertical plane of sawtooth is towards outlet thus stops article back to move.
In an embodiment of the crop harvesting method according to the present invention, roll platform on roll the front end of band The angle rolling the angle that band is formed under and can be between about 7 to 45 degree;Preferably, described angle is at 15 to 30 degree Between.
The invention allows for a kind of harvest equipment for implementing above-mentioned crop harvesting method, its described equipment includes Have: for the ceding of Taiwan separated with fruit ear by the straw of crops, the ceding of Taiwan has support and fixes the nearside divider on this support, cutting Spike body and chain target carrier, one end of described nearside divider is fixed on support, and the other end is divided into the conduction part of multiple finger-like, this A little conduction part each extend the tip formed for point standing grain towards front;Be arranged in the ceding of Taiwan rear roll platform, this rolls platform For the fruit ear carried in the ceding of Taiwan is rolled, described in roll platform include along harvest equipment be longitudinally arranged upper and lower Two are rolled band;Preferably, roll band under this on front portion exceedes, roll the front end continuation extension of band, be connected with the ceding of Taiwan, thus Formed in the front end rolling platform and serve as the delivery section of conveyer belt, described on roll band and under roll at least one in band and roll band It is made up of elastomeric material;For tentatively broken fruit ear being carried out the threshing cylinder of threshing, the entrance of described threshing cylinder Next-door neighbour rolls the outlet of platform;Fruit ear after rolling enters in cylinder, and in cylinder, threshing crops carry out threshing;Arrange Conveyer belt below threshing cylinder;Cleaning plant, this cleaning plant is for cleaning seed, and described cleaning plant includes Being close to the sorting screen that described conveyer belt is arranged, the entrance of this sorting screen is arranged to receive the seed from threshing cylinder and impurity; The sieve aperture of sorting screen is corresponding with crop kernels to be cleaned and fruit ear stem core;Arranged beneath at sorting screen has seed Conveyer belt, for collecting the seed fallen through screen holes;End at described seed conveyer belt is provided with seed collecting bin, Thus the seed filtered out is collected together.
In an embodiment of the harvest equipment according to the present invention, described sorting screen can be vibrosieve, described The approximate horizontal layout of sieve plate of vibrosieve;Preferably, the sieve plate of vibrosieve is provided with multiple unidirectional fluxion structure, this single file ripple Structure is arranged to stop the article on sieve plate to move towards entrance, only allows screened article mobile towards outlet;Excellent Selection of land, in described cleaning plant, is additionally provided with the recleaner screen being positioned at below sorting screen, described recleaner screen be arranged in sorting screen and Between seed conveyer belt, it is possible to the seed fallen by sorting screen screens further.Preferably, recleaner screen uses flat vibration The form of sieve.The sieve plate of vibrosieve is equally provided with multiple unidirectional fluxion structure, and this single file fluxion structure is arranged to stop Article on sieve plate move towards entrance, only allow screened article mobile towards outlet.Such as, recleaner screen can also Use the sieve plate being similar to as described above: the cross section of sieve plate is configured with the zigzag ripple of continuous print sawtooth, this saw The inclined-plane of tooth is towards entrance, and the vertical plane of sawtooth is towards outlet thus stops article back to move;
Preferably, cleaning plant also includes roguing blower fan.The air-flow that this roguing blower fan produces can will compare in impurity Lighter component is directly blown onto the outlet of sorting screen and/or recleaner screen.
In an embodiment of the harvest equipment according to the present invention, harvest equipment is the cropper for harvesting corn Tool, cleaning plant includes sorting screen and recleaner screen, and this sorting screen and recleaner screen are flat reciprocating vibration sieve;These two Vibrosieve is provided with multiple unidirectional fluxion structure, and this single file fluxion structure is arranged to stop the article on sieve plate towards entrance Mobile, only allow screened corncob cellulose and impurity mobile towards outlet;The cross section of each sieve plate is all provided with being set to be had continuously The zigzag ripple of sawtooth, the inclined-plane of this sawtooth is towards entrance, and the vertical plane of sawtooth is towards outlet thus stops article back Mobile.
By utilizing according to the harvest machinery of the present invention and system for measuring yield, it is possible to obtain benefit at least that with The most what time;
1. can crop yield in accurate evaluation experimental plot, by by higher for not yet full maturity and water content Seed the most completely gather in the crops and system for measuring yield put into row survey produce, it is possible to accurate evaluation cell breeding yield.For breeding work Data accurately are provided.
2. automatically complete all work such as the harvesting of crops, roguing, survey product, pack.
3. can be applicable to landform and the experimental plot of test, the actual feelings that little area when meeting breeding experiment is planted Condition.
4. dependable performance, cheap.
Should be appreciated that aforementioned description substantially is exemplary illustration and explanation with follow-up detailed description, should not It is used as the restriction of content claimed to the present invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
With reference to the accompanying drawing enclosed, as follows by by embodiment of the present invention of the more purpose of the present invention, function and advantage Description is illustrated, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 illustrates the schematic diagram of the equipment for implementing the method according to the invention;
Fig. 2 illustrates the schematic diagram of the harvesting machinery including the harvest equipment according to the present invention;
Fig. 3 shows the schematic diagram of the equipment for implementing the harvesting method according to the present invention;
Fig. 4 shows the schematic diagram of the ceding of Taiwan used in the harvest equipment according to the present invention;
Fig. 5 shows according to the operation principle schematic diagram rolling platform in the harvest machinery of the present invention;And
Fig. 6 shows the partial schematic diagram of the vibrosieve in an embodiment of the harvest machinery according to the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
By with reference to one exemplary embodiment, the purpose of the present invention and function and for realizing the side of these purposes and function Method will be illustrated.But, the present invention is not limited to one exemplary embodiment disclosed below;Can be come by multi-form It is realized.The essence of description is only the detail helping the various equivalent modifications Integrated Understanding present invention.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the drawings.In the accompanying drawings, identical reference represents identical Or similar parts, or same or similar step.
According to an aspect of the present invention, it is proposed that a kind of crop harvesting method produced of surveying for community, in conjunction with Fig. 1 extremely Equipment shown in Fig. 3 illustrates, and the method comprises the steps:
Harvesting, first feeds the ceding of Taiwan 110 by the agricultural crop straw with fruit ear, utilizes the nearside divider 111 in the ceding of Taiwan, cuts fringe Mechanism 112 makes fruit ear separate with straw, and the straw being stripped fruit ear falls in field, and the fruit ear after peeling off is delivered to Sheller unit;
Roll threshing, in described sheller unit, fruit ear proceeded as follows, first with on roll band and under Fruit ear is processed by the platform 120 that rolls rolling band, is pulverized by fruit ear, subsequently the fruit ear after crushing is transported to thrashing roller Threshing in 130, utilizes thrashing roller that the seed on fruit ear is departed from fruit ear stem core;
Clean separation, by described roll fruit ear after platform and described thrashing roller process feed cleaning plant 140 is carried out clear Choosing, utilizes sorting screen to filter out seed;Further such that seed separates with foreign material such as straw chip, leaves.
In the above-mentioned methods, in rolling threshing step, roll platform 120 on roll with 121 and under roll with in 122 At least one is made up of elastomeric material, such as it is shown in figure 5,.
Preferably, in cleaning separating step, it is also possible to be divided into and cleaning and concentration step.Next-door neighbour's threshing cylinder can be utilized Seed is cleaned by 130 sorting screens 141 arranged, then utilizes and is positioned at the recleaner screen 142 below sorting screen and carries out selected, should Recleaner screen 142 is arranged between sorting screen and seed conveyer belt, and the seed fallen by sorting screen screens further so that fall into clear Seed material in jigging is free from foreign meter.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is also possible to utilize and be arranged on sorting screen side and apply air-flow and blow away and compare Light impurity.Such as can apply lateral gas flow by arranging blower fan (not shown).
Such as, as a example by Semen Maydis, the employing following steps when harvesting corn:
Harvesting: first the corn stalk with corncob is fed the ceding of Taiwan 110, utilize the nearside divider 111 in the ceding of Taiwan, grain header Structure 112 makes corncob separate with corn stalk, and the corn stalk being stripped corncob falls in field, the Semen Maydis after peeling off Rod is delivered to sheller unit;
Roll threshing: in described sheller unit, corncob is proceeded as follows, first with on roll band 121 Roll the platform 120 that rolls with 122 under with corncob is processed, the bract of corncob crushed and corncob is pulverized, Subsequently the corncob after crushing is transported to threshing in thrashing roller 130, utilizes thrashing roller to make the Corn Seeds on corncob Grain departs from corncob cellulose;
Clean separation: by described roll platform 120 and described thrashing roller 130 process after corncob feed cleaning plant 140 In clean, utilize sorting screen to filter out corn kernel, further such that niblet and corn stalk, corncob and bract etc. Foreign material separate.
Preferably, in above-mentioned harvesting method, recleaner screen can be to use the form of flat vibrosieve, described vibration The sieve plate of sieve is provided with multiple unidirectional fluxion structure, and this single file fluxion structure is arranged to stop the article on sieve plate towards entrance Mobile, only allow screened article mobile towards outlet.
It is further preferred that the cross section of the sieve plate of described recleaner screen can be configured with the Sawtooth waves of continuous print sawtooth Stricture of vagina, the inclined-plane of this sawtooth is towards entrance, and the vertical plane of sawtooth is towards outlet thus stops article back to move.
In an embodiment of the crop harvesting method according to the present invention, roll platform 120 on roll band 121 Front end and under roll the angle that 122 bands are formed angle can about 7 to 45 spend between;Preferably, described angle exists Between 15 to 30 degree.
The invention allows for a kind of harvest equipment 100 for implementing above-mentioned crop harvesting method, described equipment bag Include:
For the ceding of Taiwan 110 separated with fruit ear by the straw of crops, the ceding of Taiwan has support and fixes on this support Nearside divider 111, grain header structure 112 and chain target carrier 113, one end of described nearside divider is fixed on support, and the other end is divided into The conduction part of multiple finger-like, these conduction part each extend the tip formed for point standing grain towards front;
Be arranged in the ceding of Taiwan 110 rear roll platform 120, this rolls platform for being carried out by the fruit ear carried in the ceding of Taiwan Roll, described in roll platform include along harvest equipment be longitudinally arranged up and down two roll band 121,122;
For tentatively broken fruit ear carries out the threshing cylinder 130 of threshing, the entrance next-door neighbour of described threshing cylinder rolls The outlet of platform 120;Fruit ear after rolling enters in cylinder, and in cylinder, threshing crops carry out threshing;
It is arranged in the conveyer belt 135 below threshing cylinder;
Cleaning plant 140, this cleaning plant is for cleaning seed, and described cleaning plant includes being close to described transmission The sorting screen that band is arranged, the entrance of this sorting screen is arranged to receive the seed from threshing cylinder 130 and impurity;The sieve of sorting screen Hole is corresponding with crop kernels to be cleaned and fruit ear stem core;Arranged beneath at sorting screen has seed conveyer belt 150, The seed fallen through screen holes for collection;End at described seed conveyer belt is provided with seed collecting bin 160, thus The seed filtered out is collected together.
Preferably, roll under rolling in platform 120 and continue to extend with 122 front ends rolling band on front portion exceedes, with The ceding of Taiwan 110 is connected, thus is formed in the front end rolling platform and serve as the delivery section of conveyer belt, described on roll band and under roll in band At least one roll what band was made up of elastomeric material.Preferably, above roll band 121 and under to roll band 122 be all flexible Material is made.
In an embodiment of the harvest equipment according to the present invention, described sorting screen can be vibrosieve 141, institute State the approximate horizontal layout of sieve plate of vibrosieve.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 6, in one embodiment according to the present invention, the sieve plate of vibrosieve 141 is provided with many Individual unidirectional fluxion structure, this single file fluxion structure is arranged to stop the article on sieve plate to move towards entrance, only allows quilt The article of screening are mobile towards outlet.
Preferably, in described cleaning plant, it is additionally provided with the recleaner screen 142 being positioned at below sorting screen, described recleaner screen It is arranged between sorting screen 141 and seed conveyer belt 150, it is possible to the seed fallen by sorting screen screens further.
Preferably, recleaner screen uses the form of flat vibrosieve.The sieve plate of vibrosieve is equally provided with multiple Unidirectional fluxion structure, this single file fluxion structure is arranged to stop the article on sieve plate to move towards entrance, only allows to be sieved The article of choosing are mobile towards outlet.
Such as, recleaner screen can also use the sieve plate being similar to as described above: the cross section of sieve plate is configured with even The zigzag ripple of continuous sawtooth, the inclined-plane of this sawtooth is towards entrance, and the vertical plane of sawtooth is towards outlet thus stops article past Return is dynamic.
Preferably, cleaning plant also includes roguing blower fan.The air-flow that this roguing blower fan produces can will compare in impurity Lighter component is directly blown onto the outlet of sorting screen and/or recleaner screen.
In an embodiment of the harvest equipment according to the present invention, harvest equipment is the cropper for harvesting corn Tool.In the device, cleaning plant includes sorting screen and recleaner screen, and this sorting screen and recleaner screen are flat reciprocating shake Dynamic sieve;These two vibrosieves are provided with multiple unidirectional fluxion structure, and this single file fluxion structure is arranged to stop on sieve plate Article move towards entrance, only allow screened corncob cellulose and impurity mobile towards outlet;The cross section of each sieve plate is all provided with Be set to the zigzag ripple with continuous print sawtooth, the inclined-plane of this sawtooth towards entrance, the vertical plane of sawtooth towards outlet thus Article are stoped back to move.
Method and apparatus according to the invention, it is also possible to for the crops that other are similar.
Hereinafter as a example by Semen Maydis, the harvesting method according to the present invention and harvest equipment are described.
In the breeding experiment of Semen Maydis, when the predetermined seed growth time expires, no matter Semen Maydis whether full maturity, all Want Semen Maydis to be gathered at once.Unlike actual production, the most immature seed is also required to count effectively as far as possible Among yield, need to avoid immature seed to be broken afterwards and be taken as Impurity removal, or being squeezed into juice and being damaged Consumption.
With reference to shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, it is shown that a kind of agricultural machinery, this machinery includes the crops according to the present invention One embodiment of harvest equipment.
Agricultural machinery shown in figs. 2 and 3 includes: the ceding of Taiwan 110, roll platform 120, threshing cylinder 130, cleaning plant 140, gas storehouse 150, feed bin 160, survey are produced instrument 170 and survey the pack device 180 in puerperal.
The ceding of Taiwan 120 is arranged in the front end of harvest machinery (harvesting machinery), has support and point standing grain fixing on this support Device, grain header structure and chain target carrier.
The nearside divider of the ceding of Taiwan is in the finger structure towards agricultural crop straw, and one end of nearside divider is fixed on support, separately One end is divided into (namely dividing standing grain end) conduction part of multiple finger-like, and these conduction part each extend towards front and gradually become Carefully, thus form the tip for point standing grain.It is formed between adjacent conduction part entering opening of the ceding of Taiwan with the straw of fruit ear Mouthful, it is possible to crops are entered along with the traveling of harvest machinery in follow-up grain header structure and chain target carrier.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, nearside divider has different number according to the actual plantation situation according to crops The conduction part of amount, such as, can have two, and three or more conduction part are formed for crop between adjacent conduction part Enter the opening of harvest machinery.The structure being configured similarly to pencil stub of nearside divider, from the tip of conduction part after going to gradually Being imported cone by thin thicker formation, the width of conduction part is invariable after importing cone.Correspondingly, between adjacent conduction part Gap from large to small, finally immobilizes.Distance between adjacent conduction part can be according to the type respective change of crops.
Grain header structure is arranged in the lower section of conduction part, including respective stem pulling roller arranged in pairs and harvesting plate.Harvesting plate is Elongate configuration, the both sides longitudinally along each gap of nearside divider are arranged in pairs, formed and only allow agriculture between these two harvesting plates The gap that the stem of crop namely straw portion pass through.
Stem pulling roller is being longitudinally arranged along harvest machinery too, the arranged beneath of next-door neighbour's harvesting plate, same cloth in pairs Putting, often the gap between the roller of group stem pulling roller is less than the diameter of straw, and often organizes direction of rotation contrary and the cloth of roller It is set to the rotation mode being pulled away from from top to bottom by straw such as corn stalk.Preferably, the gap between stem pulling roller is from nearside divider Entrance is gradually reduced backward.
Owing to the gap between harvesting plate is merely capable of passing through for straw, and stem pulling roller can be by straw in rotary course Choke and be pulled away from harvesting plate, so that fruit ear is stayed on harvesting plate after separating with straw.
Chain harrow carrier is arranged in above harvesting plate, and the multiple rake teeths being arranged on chain along with chain rotation and Move after going to, thus in work flow follow-up after the fruit ear such as corncob conveying that will take off.
Preferably, chain harrow carrier is arranged in pairs at the both sides, gap that each conduction part of nearside divider is formed.
It is further preferred that the chain of chain harrow carrier and pull the driving tooth of chain and driven tooth by described point of standing grain The conduction part of device covers respectively, it is thus possible to avoid foreign material to enter chain and drive system.
Preferably, this, according in the ceding of Taiwan of the present invention, is additionally provided with the support wheel for supporting platform in the lower section of the ceding of Taiwan.Should Support wheel to be fixed on the support of the ceding of Taiwan, and there is the fold mechanism that can accept.
In an alternative embodiment of the process according to the invention, the lower section of the ceding of Taiwan is additionally provided with for the ceding of Taiwan being raised or fall The elevating mechanism of low elevating mechanism, preferably this ceding of Taiwan is hydraulic strut.
The crops of such as Semen Maydis introduce in the gap of nearside divider in the ceding of Taiwan by deflection cone, at stem pulling roller and harvesting plate Effect under, fruit ear separates with straw, and straw falls in farmland by the effect of stem pulling roller, and fruit ear is by chain harrow carrier It is delivered in follow-up Working mechanism.
Rolling platform and be arranged in the rear of the ceding of Taiwan, the fruit ear of the such as corncob etc. for conveying in the ceding of Taiwan being come grinds Pressure.
Roll the underface that platform is usually placed in the driver's cabin of harvesting machinery.
The platform that rolls in the present invention is the workpiece that inventor designs after test of many times, it is possible to ensure The seed that water content is high obtains good effect in follow-up threshing processes.
Existing thresing machine is owing to the general water content of the most immature seed is higher, the most tender and crisp, in extruding and threshing During can crush, thus outside being discharged to cropper together along with impurity.For with results grain be main purpose In harvesting machinery, the loss of immature seed can regard normal loss as, will not impact grain yield.Existing In the harvesting of some crops and thresher machine, all cannot avoid the tender and crisp seed damage of comparison and loss.
But for the yield assessment of cell breeding test, often there is the situation that immature seed is more. Ensuring that the effect of accurate evaluation breeding experiment, these immature seeds are also required to count in test yield.Existing Equipment and machinery all cannot realize completely gathering in and cleaning process of tender and crisp seed.
Rolling in platform according to the present invention, particularly as depicted according to the present invention for harvesting corn Roll in platform, including along harvest machinery be longitudinally arranged up and down two roll band.Under roll band and grind on front portion exceedes The front end of pressure zone continues to extend, and is connected with the ceding of Taiwan, thus forms the delivery section serving as conveyer belt in the front end rolling platform.Preferably Ground, the plane of delivery section and the planes align of the ceding of Taiwan or the plane less than this ceding of Taiwan.
In the embodiment rolling platform according to the present invention, roll platform include rolling band and under roll band, two The individual band that rolls is driven by driving pulley the most respectively, and the other end is provided with driven pulley.At the upper lower band rolling band Face and under roll to be formed between the upper zone face of band and roll portion.Preferably, it is additionally provided with in the portion of rolling that to roll band many for supporting Individual support rollers.
Rolling in platform according to the present invention, roll two clearance heights rolling between band up and down in portion be arranged on 1 to In the range of 6cm, preferably roll the clearance height in portion in the range of about 2cm to 4cm.As a example by corncob, carry out autotomy The complete corncob of platform is through rolling the conveying of platform not, and subsequently into the portion of rolling, the corncob after rolling can be broken It is broken into the fragment of different degree, ready for follow-up threshing.
Additionally, upper roll band and under roll at least one in band and roll band and be made up of such as rubber elastomeric material , or elastoplast, the materials for support such as polyurethane rubber.
In an alternative embodiment of the process according to the invention, under roll and make with multiple steel discs, above roll band flexible Make.
In one embodiment according to the present invention, above roll band and under roll band and made by rubber, wherein lower grind The length of pressure zone, between 0.7 meter to 1.2 meter, above rolls band between 0.5 meter to 0.9 meter.
According in another preferred embodiment of the present invention, roll platform on roll and have between the front end of band and fruit ear There is contact angle, namely in the upper one side contacted with fruit ear treated that rolls, there is inclined-plane, the angle of this inclined-plane and horizontal plane (namely connect Feeler) between about 7 to 45 degree.Preferably, between this contact angle is spent 15 to 30.
According in the harvest machinery of the present invention, roll platform as above owing to being provided with, it is possible to effectively reduction does not becomes Ripe seed is in the proportion of goods damageds of down-stream.Additionally, such as when processing corn ear, it is possible to bract is crushed, by Semen Maydis Fruit ear is ground into some.
Under the transmission of conveyer belt, threshing cylinder is arrived through rolling the fruit ear after platform rolls.
According in the harvest machinery of the present invention, by fruit ear after rolling platform and tentatively being crushed, it will be transported to take off Grain cylinder.The entrance next-door neighbour of described threshing cylinder rolls the outlet of platform.Fruit ear after rolling enters in cylinder, at cylinder Middle threshing crops carry out threshing.
The most in one embodiment according to the present invention, described threshing cylinder is used for processing Semen Maydis.After being rolled Corn ear, namely corncob has been rolled into multiple broken part opened, and is also coated on the bud of corn kernel outer layer simultaneously Layer is also torn.In threshing cylinder, the corn kernel on corncob cellulose takes off from corncob cellulose under the effect of threshing roller Fall.
In another embodiment, threshing cylinder can be to be such form, and the shell of threshing cylinder is provided with for seed Multiple apertures of passing through of grain, so that corn kernel can fall into, to be arranged in the seed being longitudinally arranged below threshing cylinder defeated Send on band.Corncob cellulose and other remain attached to the seed on rod core, and other foreign material then going out via threshing cylinder Mouth enters impurity removing device.
Seed in threshing cylinder takes off with the core body such as corncob cellulose accompanying by the straw seed of crops Grain.Under the effect of conveyer belt, seed and other all of impurity enter in follow-up cleaning plant.
Leave the fruit ear of threshing cylinder outlet, impurity and other objects and enter follow-up cleaning plant.Cleaning plant pair Seed is cleaned, further such that crop kernels separates with straw, rod core etc. other things such as bract.
According in the cleaning plant of the present invention, the sorting screen arranged from the conveyer belt of threshing cylinder including next-door neighbour.Should The entrance of sorting screen is arranged to receive the seed from threshing cylinder and impurity.The sieve aperture of sorting screen and crops to be cleaned Seed and fruit ear stem core are corresponding.Such as Semen Maydis as, owing to the size of corncob cellulose is relatively big, then sorting screen Sieve aperture can be in the range of 2 to 3cm.
Arranged beneath at sorting screen has seed conveyer belt, for collecting the seed fallen through screen holes.Seed passes The end sending band is provided with seed collecting bin, thus is collected together by the seed filtered out.
According in an embodiment in the harvest machinery of the present invention, sorting screen can export and slope slightly downward Drum-type sorting screen.While sorting screen rotates, seed falls into seed conveyer belt through sieve aperture, and other in addition to seed are miscellaneous Matter is gradually the most mobile to outlet from entrance, gradually leaves sorting screen.
Sorting screen can be according to the actual form being arranged to other.Such as, sorting screen can be horizontally disposed flat board The form of the vibrosieve of formula.
In one embodiment according to the present invention, sorting screen is flat vibrosieve, and the sieve plate of vibrosieve is at entrance The height of end is higher than the height of the port of export.
In another embodiment, the sieve plate of vibrosieve can also approximate horizontal be arranged.Preferably, the sieve plate of vibrosieve Can be provided with multiple unidirectional fluxion structure, this single file fluxion structure is arranged to stop the article on sieve plate to move towards entrance Dynamic, only allow screened article mobile towards outlet.It is for instance possible to use such sieve plate: the cross section of this sieve plate is arranged Becoming to have the zigzag ripple of continuous print sawtooth, the inclined-plane of this sawtooth is towards entrance, and the vertical plane of sawtooth is towards outlet thus hinders Only article back move.Preferably, it is also possible to make object mobile towards outlet from entrance.
According in the cleaning plant in the harvest machinery of the present invention, it is also possible to arrange be positioned at below sorting screen selected Sieve.This recleaner screen is arranged between sorting screen and seed conveyer belt, it is possible to the seed fallen by sorting screen screens further.
Preferably, recleaner screen uses the form of flat vibrosieve.The sieve plate of vibrosieve is equally provided with many Individual unidirectional fluxion structure, this single file fluxion structure is arranged to stop the article on sieve plate to move towards entrance, only allows quilt The article of screening are mobile towards outlet.Such as, recleaner screen can also use the sieve plate being similar to as described above: cutting of sieve plate Face is configured with the zigzag ripple of continuous print sawtooth, and the inclined-plane of this sawtooth is towards entrance, and the vertical plane of sawtooth is towards outlet Thus stop article back to move.Preferably, it is also possible on sieve plate, arrange one or more of tooth bar, guiding is sieved further The object of choosing is mobile towards outlet from entrance.
Preferably, cleaning plant also includes roguing blower fan.The air-flow that this roguing blower fan produces can will compare in impurity Lighter component is directly blown onto the outlet of sorting screen and/or recleaner screen.Such as please list blower fan in can be by crops blade, Semen Maydis Bract, straw chip blow away.Roguing blower fan can be effectively prevented from the impurity of lighter in weight and pile up in the porch of cleaning plant, Impact charging.
In one embodiment according to the present invention, cleaning plant is the device for cleaning corn kernel.This is cleaned Device includes sorting screen and recleaner screen, also includes cleaning fan simultaneously.This sorting screen and recleaner screen are flat reciprocating Vibrosieve.These two vibrosieves are provided with multiple unidirectional fluxion structure, and this single file fluxion structure is arranged to stop on sieve plate Article move towards entrance, only allow screened corncob cellulose and impurity mobile towards outlet.The cross section of each sieve plate is equal Be configured with the zigzag ripple of continuous print sawtooth, the inclined-plane of this sawtooth towards entrance, the vertical plane of sawtooth towards outlet from And stop article back to move.Preferably, it is also possible in first vibrosieve, namely the sieve plate of sorting screen on top, arrange one Bar or a plurality of tooth bar, guide screened object mobile towards outlet from entrance, in order to promote by threshing further Corncob cellulose along with the reciprocating of vibrosieve be gradually moved into backward closer to outlet fluxion structure in, until move Move the outlet to vibrosieve.
Seed after sorting screen screens, or the seed after sorting screen and recleaner screen screen falls into and is positioned at lower section Seed conveyer belt in.The end of this seed conveyer belt is provided with seed collecting bin.Seed in seed conveyer belt finally along with The operation of conveyer belt and arrive in seed collecting bin.
In conjunction with explanation and the practice of the present invention disclosed here, other embodiments of the present invention are for those skilled in the art All it is easy to expect and understand.Illustrating and embodiment is to be considered only as exemplary, true scope and the purport of the present invention are equal It is defined in the claims.

Claims (10)

1. survey the crop harvesting method produced for community for one kind, it is characterised in that described method comprises the steps:
Harvesting, first feeds the ceding of Taiwan by the agricultural crop straw with fruit ear, utilizes the nearside divider in the ceding of Taiwan, grain header structure to make fruit Fringe separates with straw, and the straw being stripped fruit ear falls in field, and the fruit ear after peeling off is delivered to sheller unit;
Roll threshing, in described sheller unit, fruit ear proceeded as follows, first with on roll band and under roll Fruit ear is processed by the platform that rolls of band, is pulverized by fruit ear, subsequently the fruit ear after crushing is transported to threshing in thrashing roller, profit With thrashing roller, the seed on fruit ear is departed from fruit ear stem core;
Clean separation, roll fruit ear after platform and described thrashing roller process and feed in cleaning plant by described and clean, utilize Sorting screen filters out seed;Further such that seed separates with foreign material such as straw chip, leaves;
Wherein in rolling threshing step, described in roll platform on roll band and under roll at least one in band by elastomeric material Make.
Crop harvesting method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that clean in step described,
Wherein in cleaning separating step, it is divided into and cleaning and concentration step, utilize the sorting screen that next-door neighbour's threshing cylinder is arranged to seed Grain is cleaned, and utilization is positioned at the recleaner screen below sorting screen and carries out selected, and this recleaner screen is arranged in sorting screen and seed transmission Between band, the seed fallen by sorting screen screens further so that fall into the seed material in sorting screen free from foreign meter.
Crop harvesting method the most according to claim 1 and 2, is further characterized in that, in cleaning step, utilizes and arranges Apply air-flow in sorting screen side and blow away the impurity that comparison is light.
Crop harvesting method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described crops are Semen Maydiss;To Semen Maydis Comprise the steps: when gathering in the crops
Harvesting: first the corn stalk with corncob is fed the ceding of Taiwan, utilize the nearside divider in the ceding of Taiwan, grain header structure to make Semen Maydis Rod separates with corn stalk, and the corn stalk being stripped corncob falls in field, and the corncob after peeling off is delivered to threshing Device;
Roll threshing: in described sheller unit, corncob is proceeded as follows, first with on roll band and lower stone roller Corncob is processed by the platform that rolls of pressure zone, is crushed by the bract of corncob and is pulverized by corncob, after crushing subsequently Corncob be transported to threshing in thrashing roller, utilize thrashing roller that corn kernel on corncob is taken off with corncob cellulose From;
Clean separation: by described roll platform and described thrashing roller process after corncob feed in cleaning plant and clean, profit Corn kernel is filtered out, further such that niblet separates with foreign material such as corn stalk, corncob and bracts with sorting screen.
Crop harvesting method the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that in the process, recleaner screen uses flat The form of board-like vibrosieve, the sieve plate of described vibrosieve is provided with multiple unidirectional fluxion structure, and this single file fluxion structure is arranged Become and stop the article on sieve plate to move towards entrance, only allow screened article mobile towards outlet.
Crop harvesting method the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the cross section of the sieve plate of described recleaner screen is arranged Becoming to have the zigzag ripple of continuous print sawtooth, the inclined-plane of this sawtooth is towards entrance, and the vertical plane of sawtooth is towards outlet thus hinders Only article back move.
Crop harvesting method the most according to any one of claim 1 to 6, it is characterised in that at the described platform that rolls On roll band front end and under roll between the angle of the angle that band is formed spends about 7 to 45;Preferably, described angle exists Between 15 to 30 degree.
8., for implementing a crop harvesting equipment for method according to any one of claim 1 to 7, its feature exists In, described equipment includes:
For the ceding of Taiwan separated with fruit ear by the straw of crops, the ceding of Taiwan has support and fixes the nearside divider on this support, Grain header structure and chain target carrier, one end of described nearside divider is fixed on support, and the other end is divided into the conduction part of multiple finger-like, These conduction part each extend the tip formed for point standing grain towards front;
Be arranged in the ceding of Taiwan rear roll platform, this rolls platform for being rolled by the fruit ear carried in the ceding of Taiwan, described Roll platform include along harvest equipment be longitudinally arranged up and down two roll band;Preferably, roll band under this to exceed in front portion On roll the front end of band and continue to extend, be connected with the ceding of Taiwan, thus serves as the delivery section of conveyer belt, institute in the front end formation rolling platform State roll band and under roll at least one in band and roll what band was made up of elastomeric material;
For tentatively broken fruit ear carries out the threshing cylinder of threshing, the entrance next-door neighbour of described threshing cylinder rolls going out of platform Mouthful;Fruit ear after rolling enters in cylinder, and in cylinder, threshing crops carry out threshing;
It is arranged in the conveyer belt below threshing cylinder;
Cleaning plant, this cleaning plant is for cleaning seed, and described cleaning plant includes that being close to described conveyer belt arranges Sorting screen, the entrance of this sorting screen is arranged to receive from the seed of threshing cylinder and impurity;The sieve aperture of sorting screen with wanted Crop kernels and the fruit ear stem core cleaned are corresponding;Arranged beneath at sorting screen has seed conveyer belt, wears for collection The seed crossing screen holes and fall;End at described seed conveyer belt is provided with seed collecting bin, thus the seed that will filter out Grain is collected together.
Harvest equipment the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that described sorting screen is vibrosieve, described vibrosieve The approximate horizontal layout of sieve plate;Preferably, the sieve plate of vibrosieve is provided with multiple unidirectional fluxion structure, and this single file fluxion structure is arranged Become and stop the article on sieve plate to move towards entrance, only allow screened article mobile towards outlet;Preferably, in institute Stating in cleaning plant, be additionally provided with the recleaner screen being positioned at below sorting screen, described recleaner screen is arranged in sorting screen and seed transmission Between band, it is possible to the seed fallen by sorting screen screens further;
Preferably, recleaner screen uses the form of flat vibrosieve;The sieve plate of vibrosieve is equally provided with multiple list To fluxion structure, this single file fluxion structure is arranged to stop the article on sieve plate to move towards entrance, only allows screened Article mobile towards outlet;Preferably, also including roguing blower fan in cleaning plant, the air-flow that this roguing blower fan produces can Component the lightest in impurity is directly blown onto the outlet of sorting screen and/or recleaner screen.
Harvest equipment the most according to claim 8 or claim 9, it is characterised in that be for harvesting corn at described harvest equipment Harvest machinery, described cleaning plant includes sorting screen and recleaner screen, and this sorting screen and recleaner screen are flat reciprocating Vibrosieve;These two vibrosieves are provided with multiple unidirectional fluxion structure, and this single file fluxion structure is arranged to stop on sieve plate Article move towards entrance, only allow screened corncob cellulose and impurity mobile towards outlet;The cross section of each sieve plate is equal Be configured with the zigzag ripple of continuous print sawtooth, the inclined-plane of this sawtooth towards entrance, the vertical plane of sawtooth towards outlet from And stop article back to move.
CN201610638143.4A 2016-08-06 2016-08-06 Survey the crop harvesting method produced for community and implement the equipment of the method Pending CN106258196A (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111226572A (en) * 2020-03-22 2020-06-05 青岛普兰泰克机械科技有限公司 Corn district survey is produced harvester
CN111602501A (en) * 2020-04-22 2020-09-01 勇猛机械股份有限公司 Debris clearing device suitable for maize seed grain results
CN111837646A (en) * 2020-07-31 2020-10-30 扬州大学 A kind of automatic thresher for scientific research and breeding and method thereof
CN112056097A (en) * 2020-10-14 2020-12-11 吉林省农业机械研究院 Cyperus esculentus harvester threshing, separating and cleaning system
CN118160502A (en) * 2024-01-22 2024-06-11 中国农业大学 An air-blowing harvesting platform for reducing corn harvest losses

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CN105532172A (en) * 2016-01-04 2016-05-04 山东国丰机械有限公司 Self-propelled corn kernel harvesting machine
CN205284174U (en) * 2016-01-04 2016-06-08 山东国丰机械有限公司 Self -propelled maize seed grain harvester

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111226572A (en) * 2020-03-22 2020-06-05 青岛普兰泰克机械科技有限公司 Corn district survey is produced harvester
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CN118160502A (en) * 2024-01-22 2024-06-11 中国农业大学 An air-blowing harvesting platform for reducing corn harvest losses

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