CN113491266A

CN113491266A - Method for preparing fish specimen

Info

Publication number: CN113491266A
Application number: CN202010256531.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 辛美丽; 吕芳; 吴海一; 刘玮; 丁刚; 唐柳青; 郭文
Original assignee: Shandong Marine Biology Institute
Current assignee: Shandong Marine Biology Institute
Priority date: 2020-04-02
Filing date: 2020-04-02
Publication date: 2021-10-12

Abstract

The invention provides a method for preparing a fish specimen, which comprises the steps of coating a UV epoxy resin adhesive on a fish body after the fish to be prepared specimen is sucked to be dry and shows moisture, and solidifying the epoxy resin after ultraviolet irradiation; putting the treated fish into a mold, dissolving the mixed solution of the epoxy resin and the polyetheramine D-230, and adding the dissolved solution into the mold; the adding amount of the mixed solution does not completely cover the fish body; then standing and solidifying; sterilizing the solidified specimen at high temperature, cooling, pouring the mixed solution of the epoxy resin and the polyetheramine D-230 into a fish placing mold, solidifying and demolding; and (4) coating the demolded fish body specimen with UV epoxy resin glue, and then performing ultraviolet irradiation curing to finish the preparation of the specimen. The method has the advantages that the safety of the materials used in the actual operation process is high, the sterilization method used in the method is high-pressure steam sterilization, the method is green and pollution-free, and the sterilization method of the dipping specimen adopts formaldehyde solution, is volatile and has toxicity, carcinogenicity and mutagenicity.

Description

Method for preparing fish specimen

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method for preparing a fish specimen, which can be used for preserving various fishes, in particular to endangered fish species.

Background

The preparation method of fish specimen is commonly used in two methods, one is dipping specimen, cleaning, shape fixing, and soaking with medicinal liquid, which is usually formalin (40% formaldehyde solution), alcohol or salt. Although alcohol-soaked specimens are also commonly used, the quality of specimens is affected due to strong alcohol degreasing and glue capabilities, so the specimens are usually soaked in formalin. However, the specimen is easily discolored by dipping the specimen, and the specimen-dipping solution needs to be replaced frequently for the preservation of the specimen. Because formaldehyde has toxicity, mutation and carcinogenicity, the operation and the preservation process have certain dangerousness, and the specimen is not convenient to transport after being dipped.

The other method is that the fish is peeled and made into a specimen, the small fish or the type of scales which are easy to fall off is preserved by adopting a soaking method, the large fish is not preserved by adopting the soaking method, the appearance of the large fish is generally preserved by adopting the peeling method, the peeling method comprises the steps of fish skin peeling, skin antiseptic treatment, specimen filling, section sewing, coloring and the like, the process is complicated, but the method is safer relative to the method for dipping the specimen and more convenient to transport, and the procedure for later preservation is not complicated when the specimen is dipped. However, the specimen stripping process is complicated, the requirement on the technical level of a maker is high, the skin of the fish body only preserved by the specimen is stripped, the fish body is filled with the filler, the real state of the fish is difficult to restore, and the stripped specimen is deteriorated due to direct contact with air and reaction with the air.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for preparing a fish specimen, which is suitable for preparing specimens of fishes, particularly endangered fishes, aiming at the defects in the prior art. The method is simple and safe, almost has no toxicity, and the prepared specimen can better keep the sample of the fish, has high hardness, is easy to store and is convenient to transport.

The method for preparing the fish specimen comprises the following steps:

1) fixing the state of the fish:

after the surface moisture of the fish to be prepared into a specimen is sucked, coating the fish body with UV resin glue, and solidifying the epoxy resin after ultraviolet irradiation;

the state of the fish is fixed, and a preferable method is as follows: firstly, coating UV resin glue on the expanded fin and tail areas, and fixing the fin and the tail by UV glue after UV light irradiation; coating the fish body with UV resin adhesive, and placing under a UV lamp to solidify the UV adhesive;

2) sealing with epoxy resin glue:

putting the fish treated in the step 1) into a mould, defoaming the mixed solution of the epoxy resin and the polyetheramine D-230, and then adding the mixture into the mould for standing and solidification;

wherein the mass ratio of the epoxy resin to the polyetheramine D-230 is (1-4): 1, preferably 3: 1;

defoaming the mixed solution at a temperature not higher than 40 ℃;

3) and (3) sterilization operation:

sterilizing the specimen solidified in the step 2) at high temperature, cooling, pouring the mixed solution of epoxy resin and polyetheramine D-230 into a fish placing mold, and demolding after solidification;

4) surface polishing and beautifying:

and (4) polishing the sharp place of the demolded fish body specimen by using a polishing block, coating UV resin glue, and performing ultraviolet irradiation curing to finish the preparation of the specimen.

The technical scheme of the invention has the advantages that:

(1) the method has the advantages that the safety of the materials used in the actual operation process is high, the sterilization method used in the method is high-pressure steam sterilization, the method is green and pollution-free, and the sterilization method of the dipping specimen adopts formaldehyde solution, is volatile and has toxicity, carcinogenicity and mutagenicity.

(2) The method has low operation technical difficulty, and does not have the steps of peeling the skin, performing skin antiseptic treatment, filling the sample, sewing the section, coloring and other high technical content requirements for fish peeling the sample.

(3) The method has simple post-storage mode and convenient transportation. The specimen manufactured by the method can be better stored and conveniently transported compared with an impregnated specimen and a stripped specimen because the epoxy resin has higher hardness and high stability. The change of the steeping liquor is needed in the later stage of the steeping specimen, and meanwhile, the steeping liquor is liquid because the container for steeping the specimen is made of multipurpose glass, so that the transportation is influenced.

(4) The obtained specimen can better preserve the original shape of the fish, the specimen prepared by the method can not contact oxygen and other components in the air because the fish is sealed in the epoxy resin, the state of the fish is stable, the epoxy resin has high stability and is not easy to damage, and the specimen is soaked because the soaking liquid can decolor the color of the fish body to cause the color change of the fish. The stripping specimen only preserves the fish skin of the fish, and the fish is easy to damage due to the complicated processing work of the fish in the preparation process, so that the original shape of the fish is difficult to restore.

Drawings

FIG. 1: a photo of a yellow croaker specimen;

FIG. 2: hexagrammos otakii specimen photo map.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples and the accompanying drawings.

Example 1 preparation of yellow croaker

Thawing the yellow croaker in a refrigerator in water to prepare a specimen, wherein fresh and best live killed fish is adopted during preparation of the specimen.

1. Fixing the fish state: sucking the surface of yellow croaker with filter paper, spreading the folded area of fins, etc., sucking water, spreading UV resin glue (UV glue) on the spread fin area, irradiating with UV lamp for 30s to solidify the UV glue, spreading all fins (including fish tail) and fixing with UV glue, spreading the fish body with UV resin glue with brush, and placing under UV lamp to solidify the UV glue.

2. Sealing with epoxy resin glue: and then adhering the fish coated with the UV glue to the bottom surface of the silica gel mold by using alpha-ethyl cyanoacrylate, and then adhering glue A (epoxy resin) and glue B (polyetheramine D-230) of the mixed glue solution, wherein the mass ratio of the glue A to the glue B is 2.5: 1, stirring and uniformly mixing until no wire drawing state exists, placing the mixed solution in a 39 ℃ oven for drying for 30min, then pouring the dried mixed solution into a fish placing mold, standing for mixing and solidifying, and then carrying out subsequent work. Wherein the mould is rectangular mould, and interior length is multiplied by width by height: 21cm × 9cm × 6.5 cm;

3. specimen sterilization: placing the mold with the fish specimen in a sterilization pot, sterilizing at 121 deg.C for 15min, cooling on a sterile operating table, drying with sterile filter paper, oven drying the mixed glue solution of AB glue at 39 deg.C for 30min, pouring into the mold, solidifying, and demolding.

4. And (6) polishing. And polishing the non-smooth raised part of the edge of the demolded yellow croaker specimen, coating a layer of UV glue, and irradiating and curing by a UV lamp.

As can be seen from figure 1, the yellow croaker is sealed in the transparent epoxy resin specimen, the fins of the yellow croaker are unfolded, the yellow croaker body is complete, the color is normal, the scales are complete, regular and natural, and the yellow croaker is the method which is closest to the state of the living fish in all the specimen preparation methods. And the specimen is preserved for a long time, the outer coating epoxy resin is transparent, not yellow, stiff and stable, and the inner sealing fish body has the same color and shape with the original color and shape and does not change along with the time. The problem of flooding sample discolor, the later stage need often be changed and preserve the liquid is solved, it is high to have solved the fish and shelled the system sample technical requirement, and the problem that the fish body experienced the deformation when handling not good has solved the system sample fish body because of air-drying the problem that can the fold equally.

Example 2: hexagrammos otakii specimen

And (3) placing the cultivated living greenling into a sealed fresh-keeping box, freezing for half an hour in a refrigerator at the temperature of 28 ℃ below zero, taking out, placing in water for thawing, and then carrying out post-specimen preparation.

1. The fish state is fixed. Sucking the surface of the greenling with filter paper, expanding the folding areas such as fins and the like to suck water, coating UV resin glue on the expanded fin areas, irradiating for 30s with a UV lamp to enable the UV glue to be solidified so as to fix the fins, expanding all the fins (including the fish tail) by the same method and solidifying with the UV glue, then coating the fish body with the UV resin glue by a brush, and placing under the UV lamp to enable the UV glue to be solidified.

2. And sealing by epoxy resin glue. And then, gluing the fish sealed by the UV glue on the bottom surface of the silica gel mold by using alpha-ethyl cyanoacrylate glue, and then gluing A glue (epoxy resin) B glue (polyetheramine D-230) of the mixed glue solution, wherein the mass ratio of the AB glue to the glue is 3:1, stirring and uniformly mixing until no wire drawing state exists, placing the mixed solution in a 39 ℃ oven for drying for 30min, then pouring the dried mixed solution into a fish placing mold, and standing for solidification to perform subsequent work.

3. And (5) sterilizing the specimen. Placing the mold with the fish specimen inside in a sterilizing pot, sterilizing at 120 deg.C for 15min, cooling on a sterile operating table, drying with sterile filter paper, oven drying the mixed glue solution of AB glue in a 39 deg.C oven for 30min, pouring into the mold with fish, solidifying, and demolding.

4. And (6) polishing. And (4) polishing the non-smooth raised part of the edge of the hexagrammos otakii specimen after demolding, coating a layer of UV glue, and then irradiating and curing by a UV lamp.

As shown in fig. 2, the hexagrammos otakii is used for culturing live fish, and is sealed in a transparent epoxy resin specimen, the fins are unfolded, the fish body is complete, the color is normal, the scales are complete and neat, and the shape is natural, so that the method is the closest to the state of the live fish in all the specimen preparation methods. And the specimen is preserved for a long time, the outer coating epoxy resin is transparent, not yellow, stiff and stable, and the inner sealing fish body has the same color and shape with the original color and shape and does not change along with the time. The problem of flooding sample discolor, the later stage need often change the preservative fluid is solved, the problem that fish body experience warp when the high fish body of fish system sample technical requirement is handled not well has been solved to the fish, has solved the sample fish body of drying system equally and can the fold because of air-drying the problem.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a fish specimen, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) fixing the state of the fish:

2) sealing with epoxy resin glue:

3) and (3) sterilization operation:

4) and (3) curing:

and (4) coating the demolded fish body specimen with UV epoxy resin glue, and then performing ultraviolet irradiation curing to finish the preparation of the specimen.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the state of the fish in 1) is fixed by applying UV resin glue to the area of the spread fins and tails and fixing the fins and tails by UV gel fixation after UV light irradiation; and then coating the fish body with UV resin glue, and placing under a UV lamp to solidify the UV glue.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the epoxy resin in 2) to the polyetheramine D-230 is 1-4: 1.

4. the method of claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of epoxy resin to polyetheramine D-230 in 2) is 3: 1.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the defoaming of the mixed solution of 2) is performed at a temperature not higher than 40 ℃.