CN112889814A

CN112889814A - Preservation method for large traditional Chinese medicinal materials

Info

Publication number: CN112889814A
Application number: CN202110152748.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陶虎; 姜建娟; 王子静
Original assignee: Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology of CAS
Current assignee: Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology of CAS
Priority date: 2021-02-03
Filing date: 2021-02-03
Publication date: 2021-06-04

Abstract

The application relates to a preservation method for large traditional Chinese medicinal materials, which comprises the following steps: preparing 0.1-10% fibroin solution; pretreating the traditional Chinese medicinal materials to be preserved; spraying a fibroin solution on the surfaces of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials by a spraying device until the fibroin solution completely covers the traditional Chinese medicinal materials; drying the sprayed Chinese medicinal materials. Therefore, the protein film can effectively preserve the freshness of the large traditional Chinese medicinal materials, has the advantages of safety, no toxicity, cleanability, biocompatibility, biodegradability and the like, and can solve the problems of serious environmental pollution, harm to human bodies and non-ideal preservation effect in the prior art.

Description

Preservation method for large traditional Chinese medicinal materials

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of medicinal material preservation, in particular to a preservation method for large traditional Chinese medicinal materials.

Background

The fresh Chinese medicine is mainly natural juice of fresh plant Chinese herbal medicine and fresh animal or insect medicine thereof. The disease treatment by fresh drugs is one of the characteristics of the traditional Chinese medicine, and the clinical application of the fresh drugs runs through the whole process of origin and development of the traditional Chinese medicine.

The fresh traditional Chinese medicine is widely applied in clinical traditional Chinese medicine, and the most common indications are as follows: affection by exogenous wind-cold, epidemic febrile disease and sunstroke; hemoptysis, epistaxis, hematemesis; acute bacillary dysentery diarrhea; pneumonia, pulmonary abscess, pulmonary tuberculosis, chronic tracheitis, pertussis, diphtheria; parotitis, mastitis, tonsillitis; traumatic, surgical disorders; malignant tumor, systemic lupus erythematosus, etc.; first aid and detoxification for critical illness. Therefore, the fresh herbs have their unique characteristics in the aspects of clinical miscellaneous diseases and acute and severe diseases.

The traditional preservation method of the traditional Chinese medicine comprises the following steps: natural storage method, sand planting method, refrigerator storage method, plastic film fresh keeping method, transplanting method, etc. The methods undoubtedly play an important role in keeping the traditional Chinese medicinal materials fresh at that time, but the defects of the methods are obvious due to the limitation of conditions. In recent years, many attempts are made to apply modern science and technology in the aspect of traditional Chinese medicine preservation, some achievements are obtained, and the following are mainly available: a gas-limited (MA) storage technical method, an air-conditioned storage method, an irradiation storage technical method, a vacuum freeze-drying method, a freezing storage method, a sealed refrigeration method, preservative film application preservation and the like.

However, the currently applied freezing storage method, the sealing refrigeration method and the preservation method of the preservative film have the following defects: the freezing storage method and the sealing refrigeration method can only carry out short-term storage and are easy to generate mildewing or rotting phenomena; most of the existing preservative films are made of Polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyester and other materials, the products are excellent in quality, light in weight, convenient to process and low in cost, but because the preservative films contain carcinogenic chemical substances such as phthalate, di (2-ethyl) hexyl adipate (DEHA) and the like and cannot be degraded by the natural environment, the phenomena of environmental pollution, crop yield reduction, livestock death and the like are caused, and the adverse effects are caused on the life and the body health of people.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides a preservation method for large traditional Chinese medicinal materials, which can solve the problems of serious environmental pollution, harm to human bodies and non-ideal preservation effect in the prior art, and the finally formed protein film for preservation of the large traditional Chinese medicinal materials has the advantages of safety, no toxicity, cleanability, biocompatibility, biodegradability and the like.

On one hand, the embodiment of the application provides a preservation method for large traditional Chinese medicinal materials, which comprises the following steps:

preparing 0.1-10% fibroin solution;

pretreating the traditional Chinese medicinal materials to be preserved;

spraying a fibroin solution on the surfaces of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials by a spraying device until the fibroin solution completely covers the traditional Chinese medicinal materials;

drying the sprayed Chinese medicinal materials.

Optionally, preparing a fibroin solution with a concentration of 0.1% -10% comprises:

removing glue from the silkworm cocoons to form silk;

dissolving the cleaned and dried silk in a lithium bromide solution, and fully stirring and mixing;

placing the mixed solution in a heat preservation box for preserving heat for a preset time;

dialyzing the mixed solution after heat preservation to obtain a fibroin suspension;

purifying the fibroin suspension by a centrifugal separation process, and collecting supernatant to obtain fibroin stock solution;

diluting the fibroin stock solution to obtain a fibroin solution with the concentration of 0.1-10%.

Optionally, after the traditional Chinese medicinal material to be preserved is pretreated, the spraying device sprays the fibroin solution on the surface of the traditional Chinese medicinal material, and the method further comprises the following steps:

and (4) carrying out ultraviolet sterilization on the pretreated traditional Chinese medicinal materials.

Optionally, the concentration of the fibroin solution is 2%;

spray the surface at the chinese-medicinal material with fibroin solution through sprinkler, include:

the fibroin solution with the concentration of 2% is comprehensively sprayed on the surfaces of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials through a spraying device, and the spraying time is 1-10 minutes.

Optionally, after the sprayed traditional Chinese medicinal materials are dried, a uniform protein film is formed on the surface of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials, and the thickness of the protein film is 50 nanometers to 100 micrometers.

Optionally, the method further comprises:

and (3) performing crosslinking treatment on the dried traditional Chinese medicinal materials with the surfaces coated with uniform protein films.

Optionally, the cross-linking treatment of the dried traditional Chinese medicine material with the surface coated with the uniform protein film comprises the following steps:

and (3) crosslinking the dried traditional Chinese medicine material with the surface coated with the uniform protein film for 1-24 hours under water vapor.

Optionally, after drying the sprayed Chinese medicinal materials, the method further comprises:

packaging the dried traditional Chinese medicinal materials with the surfaces coated with uniform protein films at normal temperature.

Optionally, the fibroin stock solution is diluted to obtain a fibroin solution with a concentration of 0.1% -10%, and the method comprises the following steps:

drying the fibroin stock solution, weighing the mass of the fibroin stock solution before and after drying, and calculating the concentration of the fibroin stock solution;

adding ultrapure water into the fibroin stock solution for dilution to obtain a fibroin solution with the concentration of 0.1-10%.

Optionally, the pretreatment of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials to be preserved comprises the following steps: cleaning and drying the traditional Chinese medicinal materials to be preserved by using ultrapure water;

or; drying the traditional Chinese medicinal materials to be preserved.

The preservation method for the large traditional Chinese medicinal materials provided by the embodiment of the application has the following beneficial effects:

preparing a fibroin solution with the concentration of 0.1-10%; pretreating the traditional Chinese medicinal materials to be preserved; spraying a fibroin solution on the surfaces of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials by a spraying device until the fibroin solution completely covers the traditional Chinese medicinal materials; drying the sprayed Chinese medicinal materials. Therefore, the protein film can effectively preserve the freshness of the large traditional Chinese medicinal materials, has the advantages of safety, no toxicity, cleanability, biocompatibility, biodegradability and the like, and can solve the problems of serious environmental pollution, harm to human bodies and non-ideal preservation effect in the prior art.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a preservation method for large-scale traditional Chinese medicinal materials according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for preparing a fibroin solution with a concentration of 0.1% -10% provided in the examples of the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a preservation experiment result provided in an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of this application and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or server that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Generally, the food coating should be a strong matrix with hydrophobic properties so as to have low permeability to O2 and water vapor (i.e., inhibit the respiration rate of organisms); biocompatibility, biodegradability, antibacterial properties, good film-forming properties and safety (i.e. edible and non-allergenic) should also be properties of interest in edible coating materials. To date, polysaccharides, proteins, resins, lipids, and combinations thereof are common formulations of choice for coating. It is well known that polysaccharides and proteins have good mechanical properties to form films but have poor permeability, while lipids and resins form films that have good permeability but lack stability.

In view of the defects of the prior art, the application aims to provide a safe, nontoxic and washable preservation method for large traditional Chinese medicinal materials, so that the problems of serious environmental pollution, harm to human bodies and non-ideal preservation effect in the prior art are solved.

The following describes a specific embodiment of a preservation method for large-sized traditional Chinese medicinal materials, fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the preservation method for large-sized traditional Chinese medicinal materials provided by the embodiment of the present application, and the present specification provides the method operation steps as in the embodiment or the flow chart, but more or fewer operation steps can be included based on conventional or non-creative labor. The order of steps recited in the embodiments is merely one manner of performing the steps in a multitude of orders and does not represent the only order of execution. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the method may include:

s101: preparing 0.1-10% fibroin solution.

In the embodiment of the application, a fibroin solution with the concentration of 0.1-10% is prepared; a large number of experiments prove that the fibroin with the concentration has good fresh-keeping effect and lower cost.

In an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for preparing a fibroin solution with a concentration of 0.1% -10% provided in the examples of the present application, and step S101 may include:

s1011: removing glue from the silkworm cocoons to form silk;

s1013: dissolving the cleaned and dried silk in a lithium bromide solution, and fully stirring and mixing;

s1015: placing the mixed solution in a heat preservation box for preserving heat for a preset time;

s1017: dialyzing the mixed solution after heat preservation to obtain a fibroin suspension;

s1019: purifying the fibroin suspension by a centrifugal separation process, and collecting supernatant to obtain fibroin stock solution;

s1021: diluting the fibroin stock solution to obtain a fibroin solution with the concentration of 0.1-10%.

One specific embodiment of steps S1011 to S1016 includes:

s1011: taking 10 g of silkworm cocoon which is cut into spiral shape, putting the silkworm cocoon into Na with the concentration of 0.02mol/L₂CO₃Heating the solution for about 30 minutes to boil to form silk;

s1012: washing silk in 2L of ultrapure water, and repeating for 8 times; then drying at 25 ℃ and normal pressure (0.1MPa) for about 15 minutes;

s1013, S1015: dissolving the dried degumming fibroin in LiBr solution with the concentration of 0.98g/mL, and fully stirring and mixing; then placing the mixture in a heat preservation box at 60 ℃ for heat preservation for 40 hours to obtain a mixed solution of fibroin and LiBr;

s1017: putting the mixed solution into a dialysis bag, putting the dialysis bag into 4 liters of ultrapure water for dialysis, changing the water once at intervals of about 30 minutes, and finally obtaining 6-10% (w/v) of fibroin suspension after about 72 hours of dialysis process;

s1019: purifying the fibroin suspension at 4 ℃ by a centrifugal separation process, centrifuging for 10 minutes, collecting supernatant, and finally obtaining the required fibroin stock solution;

s1021: drying the fibroin stock solution, weighing the mass of the fibroin stock solution before and after drying, and calculating the concentration of the fibroin stock solution; adding ultrapure water into the fibroin stock solution for dilution to obtain a fibroin solution with the concentration of 0.1-10%.

S103: the traditional Chinese medicinal materials to be preserved are pretreated.

In the embodiment of the application, fresh traditional Chinese medicinal materials to be preserved, which are free of moth and rotten and go bad, are pretreated to obtain the pretreated traditional Chinese medicinal materials.

In an alternative embodiment, step S103 includes: cleaning and drying the traditional Chinese medicinal materials to be preserved by using ultrapure water; or, the traditional Chinese medicinal materials to be preserved are directly dried under the condition that the traditional Chinese medicinal materials to be preserved do not need to be cleaned.

In a specific embodiment, step S103 includes:

s1031: cleaning with ultrapure water according to the types of different traditional Chinese medicinal materials according to corresponding cleaning steps (if the cleaning is not needed, directly executing S1032);

s1032: the Chinese medicinal materials are placed in a fume hood for air drying.

In an optional embodiment, after step S103 and before step S105, the method further includes: s104: and (4) carrying out ultraviolet sterilization on the pretreated traditional Chinese medicinal materials.

In a specific embodiment, taking a clean large precious Chinese herbal medicine, namely fresh ginseng as an example, step S104 may include:

s1041: uniformly spreading the ginseng on a sample platform, wherein the distance is 0.5-10 cm;

s1042: turning on an ultraviolet lamp, and carrying out ultraviolet sterilization, wherein the ultraviolet wavelength is 150-380 nanometers;

s1043: after every 1-10 minutes, the ginseng is rolled once;

s1044: ultraviolet sterilization is carried out for 10-60 minutes, and multidirectional comprehensive sterilization of the ginseng is guaranteed.

S105: the fibroin solution is sprayed on the surfaces of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials through a spraying device until the fibroin solution covers the traditional Chinese medicinal materials comprehensively.

In the embodiment of the application, as the application objects are large-scale traditional Chinese medicinal materials, the traditional coating method such as soaking is adopted, the fibroin solution is required to be poured into a large-scale container, and then the large-scale traditional Chinese medicinal materials are put into the container for soaking, so that a large amount of fibroin solution is required, the used fibroin solution cannot be reused, and the fresh-keeping cost is high; consequently, this application sprays the fibroin solution on the surface of chinese-medicinal material through sprinkler until the fibroin solution covers the chinese-medicinal material comprehensively, and the benefit that utilizes sprinkler to spray is, can save the fibroin solution, compares in other coating methods, can avoid extravagant, reduces fresh-keeping cost simultaneously, easily promotes.

In an alternative embodiment, the concentration of the fibroin solution is 2%; step S105 may include: the fibroin solution with the concentration of 2% is comprehensively sprayed on the surfaces of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials through a spraying device, and the spraying time is 1-10 minutes. It should be noted that the above range of the spraying time is only an example, and the spraying time for some larger traditional Chinese medicinal materials may exceed 10 minutes, subject to the fact that the fibroin solution covers the traditional Chinese medicinal materials completely.

S107: drying the sprayed Chinese medicinal materials.

In the embodiment of the application, after the fibroin solution is sprayed, the traditional Chinese medicine is dried.

In an optional embodiment, the sprayed Chinese herbal medicine is dried, for example, in a fume hood, and a uniform protein film is formed on the surface of the dried Chinese herbal medicine, wherein the thickness of the protein film is 50 nanometers to 100 micrometers.

In an optional implementation manner, after step S107, the method may further include:

s109: packaging the dried traditional Chinese medicinal materials with the surfaces coated with uniform protein films at normal temperature.

In the embodiment, under the normal temperature environment, the sterilized packaging box can be adopted to package the large precious traditional Chinese medicinal materials after preservation; after the packaging is finished, the product enters a warehouse and is transported to various places as soon as possible.

In addition, based on the principle that the secondary structure of the fibroin can be converted from a high-energy white to a low-energy beta-folded structure from an alpha helical structure, and the fibroin mainly based on the low-energy beta-folded structure has the characteristic of water insolubility, so that a protein film can be crosslinked for large traditional Chinese medicinal materials needing long-term storage, and the crosslinked fibroin with a stable beta-folded structure can help to prolong the preservation time; in an optional implementation manner, after step S107, the method may further include: and (3) performing crosslinking treatment on the dried traditional Chinese medicinal materials with the surfaces coated with uniform protein films. Wherein, the crosslinking treatment can comprise physical crosslinking and chemical agent crosslinking, the physical crosslinking comprises water vapor crosslinking, high temperature, organic solvent treatment, metal ion treatment and the like, and the chemical agent comprises glutaraldehyde, epoxy compounds, carbodiimide and the like.

One specific embodiment of cross-linking a dried Chinese medicinal material with a uniform protein film on its surface comprises: crosslinking the dried traditional Chinese medicine material with the surface coated with the uniform protein film for 1-24 hours under water vapor; wherein the specific crosslinking time is determined according to the retention period of the large traditional Chinese medicinal materials.

The experiment process for keeping fresh of fresh ginseng by the preservation method of large traditional Chinese medicinal materials and other existing preservation methods in the embodiment of the application is introduced as follows: firstly, obtaining a pre-prepared fibroin solution with the concentration of 2%; then soaking fresh ginseng without moth and rotten and deteriorated in ultrapure water for 10 minutes; secondly, cleaning soil on positions such as reed, shoulder, body and beard of the ginseng in clean ultrapure water by using a 3-5 cm soft brush to ensure that the ginseng is white or yellow; (care should not damage the epidermis on the main root, also can brush off the pearl lump; secondly, put the ginseng cleaned up in the fume hood to air-dry, in order to remove the surface moisture; secondly, carry on the ultraviolet sterilization treatment to the ginseng cleaned up, the whole process lasts 30 minutes, rotate ginseng every 5 minutes; secondly, spray the fibroin solution with concentration of 2% on the surface of ginseng completely through the spray device, in the course of spraying, can submerge ginseng bottom in fibroin solution, spray duration is 3 minutes; finally, put ginseng that the fibroin covers in the fume hood to air-dry, the surface of ginseng forms the fibroin film with thickness of 100 nanometers; optionally, put some ginseng in the vacuum kettle and carry on the water vapor cross-linking 24 hours;

as shown in fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a preservation experiment result provided in the embodiment of the present application, and fig. 3 shows the state of ginseng after being placed for 10 days in different preservation modes, and the surface conditions of various groups of ginseng are observed: the first group, the ginseng preserved in a sealed state is seriously mildewed and rotten; second group, ginseng preserved in the air loses water and decays; in the third group, the protein preserved ginseng has slight dehydration; and fourthly, keeping the ginseng fresh and plump after the fibroin is preserved and the ginseng is subjected to steam treatment. The result shows that the fibroin has good fresh-keeping effect, and the fresh-keeping time can be prolonged through steam crosslinking.

In summary, through the steps S101 to S107 and the optional implementation manner, the spraying device sprays the fibroin solution with the concentration of 0.1% to 10% on the large-sized traditional Chinese medicinal materials, so that a uniform protein film can be formed on the surfaces of the large-sized traditional Chinese medicinal materials; since the uncrosslinked protein mainly with the free alpha helical structure has the characteristic of being soluble in water, the fibroin film can be removed by washing after the large-scale traditional Chinese medicinal materials are preserved; therefore, the preservation method for the large traditional Chinese medicinal materials can effectively preserve the large traditional Chinese medicinal materials, and the protein film for preserving the large traditional Chinese medicinal materials has the advantages of safety, no toxicity, cleanability, biocompatibility, biodegradability and the like, and can solve the problems of serious environmental pollution, harm to human bodies and non-ideal preservation effect in the prior art.

It should be noted that: the sequence of the embodiments of the present application is only for description, and does not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments. And specific embodiments thereof have been described above. Other embodiments are within the scope of the following claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims may be performed in a different order than in the embodiments and still achieve desirable results. In addition, the processes depicted in the accompanying figures do not necessarily require the particular order shown, or sequential order, to achieve desirable results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing may also be possible or may be advantageous.

The above description is only exemplary of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A preservation method for large traditional Chinese medicinal materials is characterized by comprising the following steps:

preparing 0.1-10% fibroin solution;

pretreating the traditional Chinese medicinal materials to be preserved;

spraying the fibroin solution on the surfaces of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials by a spraying device until the fibroin solution completely covers the traditional Chinese medicinal materials;

drying the sprayed Chinese medicinal materials.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the preparation of the fibroin solution with a concentration of 0.1% to 10% comprises:

removing glue from the silkworm cocoons to form silk;

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein after the pre-treatment of the traditional Chinese medicine material to be preserved, the spraying device sprays the fibroin solution on the surface of the traditional Chinese medicine material, and the method further comprises:

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the fibroin solution is 2%;

will through sprinkler the fibroin solution sprays in the surface of chinese-medicinal material includes:

through sprinkler sprays the fibroin solution that concentration is 2% comprehensively on the surface of chinese-medicinal material, it is 1 ~ 10 minutes to spray duration.

5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein after the sprayed Chinese medicinal material is dried, a uniform protein film is formed on the surface of the Chinese medicinal material, and the thickness of the protein film is 50 nanometers to 100 micrometers.

6. The method of claim 5, further comprising:

7. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the cross-linking treatment of the dried Chinese medicinal material with the surface coated with the uniform protein film comprises:

8. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein after the drying process of the sprayed Chinese medicinal material, the method further comprises:

9. The method according to claim 2, wherein the diluting the fibroin base solution to obtain a fibroin solution with a concentration of 0.1% -10% comprises:

and adding ultrapure water into the fibroin stock solution for dilution to obtain a fibroin solution with the concentration of 0.1-10%.

10. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pre-treating of the Chinese herbal material to be preserved comprises:

cleaning and drying the traditional Chinese medicinal materials to be preserved by using ultrapure water;

or; and drying the traditional Chinese medicinal materials to be preserved.