CN113478631B - Ceramic tile material distribution process with abundant texture patterns, preparation process and prepared ceramic tile - Google Patents
Ceramic tile material distribution process with abundant texture patterns, preparation process and prepared ceramic tile Download PDFInfo
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- CN113478631B CN113478631B CN202110905749.0A CN202110905749A CN113478631B CN 113478631 B CN113478631 B CN 113478631B CN 202110905749 A CN202110905749 A CN 202110905749A CN 113478631 B CN113478631 B CN 113478631B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
- B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
Abstract
The application discloses a ceramic tile material distribution process with abundant texture patterns, a preparation process and a prepared ceramic tile, and the ceramic tile comprises the following steps: s1, amplifying a preset texture pattern by 3-4 times, distributing ceramic powder according to the amplified preset texture pattern, extruding a distributed line material and a material block in an aggregate box to form a thin line with the same surface and lining and the width of 0.2-1 mm, and recovering the material block to the preset texture pattern; s2, supplementing materials to the missing part of the preset texture pattern of the material block to obtain the prefabricated material. Through the cloth and the preparation process, the definition and the resolution of the cloth are improved, and the technical problems that the 'pock' grains of the conventional full-body cloth are too obvious and unclear are solved; the ceramic tile is unnecessary to be glazed and subjected to ink-jet printing, is particularly suitable for the distribution of fine lines, and has high distribution definition, good layering effect and high resolution.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of ceramic tiles, in particular to a ceramic tile material distribution process with abundant texture patterns, a preparation process and a prepared ceramic tile.
Background
The natural marble is widely used in architectural decoration because of good texture and fine and smooth texture, part of marble patterns in the natural marble are complex, for example, the original color tone of the stone is black, golden yellow stripe-shaped textures are uniformly distributed, and the natural marble gives users a sense of stability and high price, but the natural marble has less inventory, so the natural marble is very expensive and cannot meet the consumption requirements of the masses.
Therefore, the research and development of artificial marble are carried out on the market, and with the continuous innovation of the whole technology of the marble tile, the surface texture, color and layering effect of the marble tile can also achieve the texture of natural marble. However, for the ceramic tile with complex texture patterns, because the fine lines of the ceramic tile are difficult to realize the bottom distribution, obvious granular pockmarks can appear on the ceramic tile when the conventional full-body distribution is adopted, so that the pattern edges are not clear enough, the distribution effect is poor, and the distribution resolution is low; the glaze surface needs to be subjected to ink-jet printing to achieve the whole body decoration effect, and the production period is long.
Disclosure of Invention
The application mainly aims to provide a preparation process of a ceramic tile with rich texture patterns, and aims to solve the technical problems that the existing ceramic tile with complex texture patterns has obvious granular pits, and the patterns and edges are not clear when the conventional ceramic tile with the complex texture patterns is subjected to general whole-body distribution.
In order to achieve the purpose, the application provides a preparation process of a ceramic tile with abundant texture patterns, which comprises the following steps: s1, amplifying a preset texture pattern by 3-4 times, distributing ceramic powder according to the amplified preset texture pattern, and extruding a distributed material block to restore the material block to the preset texture pattern;
s2, supplementing materials to the missing part of the preset texture pattern of the material block to obtain the prefabricated material. By adopting the material distribution method, the texture and the pattern finished by the material distribution are clearer without granular pockmarks.
Optionally, in step S1, amplifying the preset texture pattern by 3-4 times, distributing the ceramic powder according to the amplified preset texture pattern, delivering the distributed material block to a material collecting box by a conveyor belt, detecting a thickness D of the material block by a detection switch in the material collecting box, closing a gate of the material collecting box when the thickness D of the material block is less than a rated distributing thickness, transporting the conveyor belt forward, and blocking the material block so as to be extruded in the material collecting box and return to the preset texture pattern; when the material block returns to the preset texture pattern, the detection switch detects that the rated cloth thickness = the thickness D of the material block, the gate is opened, and the material block and the conveying belt synchronously move forwards. From the closing to the opening of the gate, the texture pattern of the block, especially the line material, is fully extruded to form a thin line with the same surface and inside and the width of 0.2mm-1 mm.
Optionally, when the thickness of the cloth of the material block is less than or equal to 28mm, amplifying the preset texture pattern by 3 times along the width direction of the preset texture pattern; when the thickness of the panel cloth is >28mm, the preset grain pattern is enlarged by 4 times in the width direction thereof.
Optionally, viewed from the orthographic projection direction of the ceramic tile, the ceramic powder is divided into main materials, pattern materials and linear materials according to the area size of the texture pattern, wherein the stacking area of the main materials is larger than the stacking area of the pattern materials;
before step S1, the ceramic powder is polished, and the particle sizes of the main material, the pattern material and the line material are respectively controlled to be 60-80% of the surplus sieved by an 80-mesh sieve, 50-60% of the surplus sieved by the 80-mesh sieve and 20-30% of the surplus sieved by the 80-mesh sieve.
Optionally, before step S1, the water contents of the main material, the pattern material and the line material are controlled to be 6.5-8%, 6.5-8% and 4-5%, respectively.
In addition, the invention also provides a preparation process of the ceramic tile with rich texture patterns, and the preparation process further comprises the following steps by using any one of the material distribution processes:
s3, pressing and forming the prefabricated material;
and S4, obtaining the ceramic tile with rich texture patterns after drying, blank polishing, sintering, polishing and edge grinding.
Optionally, the ceramic powder comprises a high-temperature impermeable material, a high-temperature permeable material and a low-temperature permeable material;
the whiteness of the high-temperature impervious material is 35-50 degrees;
the whiteness of the high-temperature transparent material is 70-85 degrees, and the light transmittance is 0.4-1.5 percent;
the whiteness of the low-temperature transparent material is 70-85 degrees, and the light transmittance is 0.8-2.5 percent.
Optionally, the main material comprises a high-temperature impermeable material and a coloring material; and/or the main material is a high-temperature impermeable material; and/or the main material comprises a high-temperature transparent material and a pigment; and/or the main material is a high-temperature permeable material; and/or the main material comprises a low-temperature permeable material and a pigment; and/or the main material is a low-temperature permeable material;
optionally, the pattern material comprises a high temperature impervious material and a colorant; and/or the pattern material is a high-temperature impermeable material; and/or the decorative pattern material comprises a low-temperature transparent material and a pigment; and/or the pattern material is a low-temperature transparent material; and/or the decorative pattern material comprises a high-temperature permeable material and a pigment; and/or the pattern material is a high-temperature transparent material;
the wire material comprises a high-temperature impermeable material and a whitening agent; and/or the wire material is a high-temperature transparent material; and/or the line material comprises a high-temperature impermeable material and a pigment; and/or the thread material comprises a high-temperature permeable material and a pigment; and/or the thread material comprises a low-temperature permeable material and a pigment; and/or, the strand comprises a low temperature through material.
In addition, the invention also provides a ceramic tile with abundant texture patterns, which is prepared by any one of the preparation processes.
According to the ceramic tile with abundant texture patterns, through the material distribution and preparation process, the definition and resolution of the material distribution are improved, and the technical problem that the 'pock' grains generated in the conventional whole body material distribution are too obvious and unclear is solved; the ceramic tile is unnecessary to be glazed and subjected to ink-jet printing, is particularly suitable for the distribution of thin lines (0.2-1.2 mm), and has high distribution definition, good layering effect and high resolution. Meanwhile, the texture of the obtained ceramic tile is similar to that of natural stone by matching and overlapping the materials, pigments and the like at different temperatures, and the vivid effect of fine textures of natural marble can be achieved completely by the aid of the materials.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other relevant drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a process for distributing ceramic tiles with rich texture patterns provided herein;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a ceramic tile having a rich texture pattern provided herein;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the process of blanking ceramic tiles with rich texture patterns provided herein;
FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of ceramic tiles made according to example 1 provided herein;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a ceramic tile made according to example 2 provided herein;
FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of a ceramic tile made according to comparative example 1 provided herein;
FIG. 7 is a schematic representation of a ceramic tile made according to comparative example 2 provided herein;
FIG. 8 is a schematic representation of a ceramic tile made according to example 4 provided herein;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a ceramic tile made according to example 5 provided herein;
FIG. 10 is a schematic representation of a ceramic tile made according to comparative example 4 provided herein;
FIG. 11 is a schematic representation of ceramic tiles made according to comparative example 5 provided herein.
In the drawings: 1-ceramic powder, 2-conveyer belt, 3-material collecting box, 31-detection switch, 32-gate, 4-transfer conveyer belt and 5-blanking conveyer belt.
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objectives of the present application will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
In the embodiment of the application, the process for distributing the ceramic tiles with abundant texture patterns comprises the following steps of:
s1, amplifying a preset texture pattern by 3-4 times along the width direction of the preset texture pattern, distributing ceramic powder according to the amplified preset texture pattern, extruding the distributed line material and material blocks in an aggregate box to form fine lines, and simultaneously restoring the material blocks to the preset texture pattern;
s2, supplementing materials to the missing part of the preset texture pattern of the material block to obtain the prefabricated material.
The scheme adopts a mode of amplifying the preset texture patterns by 3-4 times along the width direction and then extruding the preset texture patterns to recover the preset texture patterns to 1 time, compared with the traditional mode of directly distributing the materials according to the preset texture patterns (1 time), the texture patterns are clearer, especially for the distribution of thin lines, the traditional distribution mode cannot clearly distribute the thin lines in millimeter level, after the step of amplifying and extruding, the texture patterns are more compact after extruding, the finally formed texture patterns are clearly separated, no granular pits exist, the resolution ratio is higher, and the distribution method is also very clear after the distribution of the thin lines in millimeter level, the layering effect is good, the resolution ratio is high, and the texture of the stone can be achieved without glazing.
In an embodiment of the present application, in step S1, a preset grain pattern is enlarged by 3 to 4 times in a width direction thereof, ceramic powder is distributed according to the enlarged preset grain pattern, a distributed lump is conveyed to a collection box by a conveyor belt, a detection switch in the collection box 3 detects a thickness D of the lump, when the thickness D of the lump is less than a rated distribution thickness, a gate of the collection box is closed, the conveyor belt is conveyed forward, and the lump is blocked to be extruded in the collection box and restored to the preset grain pattern; when the material block returns to the preset texture pattern, the detection switch detects that the rated cloth thickness = the thickness D of the material block, the gate is opened, and the material block and the conveying belt synchronously move forward. And fully extruding the thread material from the closing process to the opening process of the gate to form thin threads with the same surface and inside and the width of 0.2mm-1 mm.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a process for distributing ceramic tiles with abundant texture patterns provided by the present application. After the former material block is extruded and discharged from the material collecting box 3, the next material block is transported to the material collecting box for identification and extrusion, and the production of each material block is not interfered with each other. After the ceramic powder is distributed according to the preset texture patterns amplified by 3-4 times, the ceramic powder is conveyed to a material collecting box by a conveying belt, the ceramic powder is sealed in the material collecting box by pressing down a gate at a discharge port of the material collecting box for detection, and when the thickness is detected to be not up to the standard, the preset texture patterns on a material block are amplified (thinner) and not extruded, and then the material block is continuously conveyed forwards by the conveying belt, specifically, in the process of blanking and extrusion, three belts exist, each conveying belt uniformly advances, the material block is fed and discharged on a first blanking conveying belt 5 and is continuously conveyed, the speed of the blanking conveying belt 5 is 4 times of speed-4V, and the thickness of the distributed material is assumed to be 8 mm; the material blocks are continuously transported until the material blocks pass through the transfer conveyer belt 4, the speed of the transfer conveyer belt 4 is 2 times of the speed to 2V, and the thickness of the material blocks is stacked to 16 mm; finally, the belt of the material collecting box 3 is at a speed of 1 time and 1V, although the belt can be naturally overlapped to 32mm, the accommodating space inside the material collecting box 3 is designed to be smaller, so that the thickness of the material block is reduced, in this way, the ceramic powder of the material block can be further extruded in the material collecting box 3, the material block 1 is more compact, the thickness of the finally extruded material block is 25mm, the preset texture pattern on the material block 1 is also recovered to be at a state of 1 time, when the detection switch detects that the thickness D of the extruded material block reaches the rated material distribution thickness, the discharge port gate of the material collecting box is lifted, the material block is conveyed to a material supplementing hopper through a conveying belt to perform a subsequent material supplementing process, and material supplementing is performed according to the missing position of the preset texture pattern. After the texture patterns on the material block are extruded by the material collecting box, the boundaries among the small texture patterns are clear, the situation of pattern edge dispersion is avoided, and the integral transition is natural; especially, the cloth is very fine and clear after being used for the thin (0.2-1.2 mm millimeter-scale width) line-type texture cloth. The conveyer belt in this scheme can be the belt etc. and the mode of putting on the conveyer belt of pottery brick in this embodiment can guarantee that the ceramic tile is extruded along its width direction.
In one embodiment of the application, when the thickness of the material block and the material distribution is less than or equal to 28mm, the preset grain pattern of the material block and the material distribution is enlarged by 3 times along the width direction; when the thickness of the panel cloth is more than 28mm, the preset grain pattern when the panel cloth is distributed is enlarged by 4 times along the width direction. The magnification and extrusion in the scheme need to be strictly controlled, when the thickness of the material block cloth is 28mm or below, the preset texture pattern is magnified by 3 times along the width direction, and the presenting effect of the texture pattern is optimal at the moment; when the thickness of the material block cloth is larger than 28mm, the preset texture pattern is amplified by 4 times along the width direction, and the texture pattern has the best effect and the best resolution ratio when the material block cloth is extruded.
In one embodiment of the application, viewed from the orthographic projection direction of the ceramic tile, the ceramic powder is divided into a main material, a pattern material and a line material according to the area size of a texture pattern, wherein the stacking area of the main material > the stacking area of the pattern material > the stacking area of the line material;
before step S1, the particle sizes of the main material, the pattern material and the line material are respectively controlled to be 60-80% of the surplus sieved by an 80-mesh sieve, 50-60% of the surplus sieved by the 80-mesh sieve and 20-30% of the surplus sieved by the 80-mesh sieve; controlling the water content of the main material, the water content of the pattern material and the water content of the line material to be 6.5-8%, 6.5-8% and 4-5%, respectively. The preset texture pattern needs to be amplified and extruded, so that the particle size and the water content of the ceramic powder need to be controlled within a relatively strict range, otherwise, the texture pattern still has the possibility of being unclear, the ceramic powder is controlled within the water content range, the ceramic powder is controlled within the particle size range after being polished and redistributed to each blanking station, the ceramic powder can ensure the definition during material distribution after being polished, and the occurrence of particle points and fuzz in the material distribution process is avoided; the particle size requirement is specifically that 100 g of ceramic powder passes through the 80-mesh sieve. The water content of the ceramic powder also affects the extrusion effect, so that the patterns are unclear, and therefore, the water contents of the main material, the pattern material and the line material need to be controlled to be 6.5-8%, 6.5-8% and 4-5%, respectively. The main material in the scheme is a large blank non-pattern area on the surface of the ceramic tile, the pattern material is in a complicated pattern shape, and the line material is in a thin line shape.
The invention also provides a preparation process of the ceramic tile with abundant texture patterns, which uses any material distribution process as described above, and referring to the above embodiments, since the preparation process of the ceramic tile with abundant texture patterns adopts all technical solutions of all the above embodiments, at least all effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments are achieved, and are not repeated herein.
The preparation process also comprises the following steps: s3, performing compression molding on the prefabricated material; and S4, obtaining the ceramic tile with rich texture patterns through drying, blank polishing, sintering, polishing and edge grinding. The ceramic tile is pressed after the material distribution is finished, then the ceramic tile is subjected to blank polishing, drying, firing, polishing and waxing, the texture of the stone can be achieved after the ceramic tile is super-clean and bright, the hardness of the stone is higher than that of the stone, overglaze is not required to be applied, and meanwhile, ink-jet printing is not required. The steps of blank polishing, polishing and waxing and ultra-clean and bright are used for further improving the decorative performance of the ceramic tile, and are more similar to natural stone.
In one embodiment of the present application, the ceramic powder includes a high temperature impermeable material, a high temperature permeable material and a low temperature permeable material; the whiteness of the high-temperature impervious material is 35-60 degrees; the whiteness of the high-temperature transparent material is 70-85 degrees, and the light transmittance is 0.4-1.5 percent; the whiteness of the low-temperature permeable material is 70-85 degrees, and the light transmittance is 0.8-2.5 percent. The high-temperature transparent material and the low-temperature transparent material can be prepared from conventional ceramic raw materials, can be adaptively changed in different use scenes, and the light transmittance is measured when the thickness is 11.5 mm. In the scheme, during actual production, the chemical composition of the high-temperature impermeable material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: SiO 2 2 64%-66%；Al 2 O 3 19％-22％；K 2 O2％-4％；Na 2 O2％-4％；CaO0-1％；MgO0-2％；Fe 2 O 3 0-2％；TiO 2 0 to 1; the ignition loss is 0-6%; the chemical compositions of the high-temperature permeable material are as follows: SiO 2 2 65-70%；Al 2 O 3 20-22％；K 2 O2-4％；Na 2 O2-4％；CaO0-2％；MgO0-2％；Fe 2 O 3 0-0.06％；TiO 2 0-0.05 percent of the total weight of the composition and 0-6 percent of the loss on ignition; the chemical composition of the low-temperature permeable material is as follows: SiO 2 2 62-70%；Al 2 O 3 18-22％；K 2 O2-5％；Na 2 O1-5％；CaO2-5％；MgO0.5-2％；Fe 2 O 3 <0.1％；TiO 2 <0.1 percent; the loss on ignition is 3-6%. The components in the high-temperature impermeable material, the high-temperature permeable material and the low-temperature permeable material can be selected from any value within a range of values, and the low-temperature permeable material and the high-temperature impermeable materialThe expansion coefficient, the shrinkage and other parameters of the material are kept consistent, the compatibility is good, and the integrity of the ceramic tile is ensured.
In the embodiment of the application, the main material comprises a high-temperature impermeable material and a pigment; and/or the main material is a high-temperature impermeable material; and/or the main material comprises a high-temperature transparent material and a pigment; and/or the main material is a high-temperature permeable material; and/or the main material comprises a low-temperature permeable material and a pigment; and/or the main material is a low-temperature permeable material;
optionally, the pattern material comprises a high temperature impermeable material and a colorant; and/or the pattern material is a high-temperature impermeable material; and/or the decorative material comprises a low-temperature transparent material and a pigment; and/or the pattern material is a low-temperature transparent material; and/or the decorative pattern material comprises a high-temperature permeable material and a pigment; and/or the pattern material is a high-temperature transparent material; the wire material comprises a high-temperature impermeable material and a whitening agent; and/or the wire material is a high-temperature transparent material; and/or the line material comprises a high-temperature impermeable material and a pigment; and/or the thread material comprises a high-temperature permeable material and a pigment; and/or the thread material comprises a low-temperature permeable material and a pigment; and/or, the strand comprises a low temperature through material. The basic components of the adjacent pattern materials, the line materials or the main materials are inconsistent, namely the high-temperature opaque materials are not adjacent to the high-temperature opaque materials and can be adjacent to the high-temperature opaque materials or the low-temperature opaque materials, and the high-temperature opaque materials and the low-temperature opaque materials are the same, so that the color development effect of the texture patterns of the ceramic tile is better. The pigment comprises at least one of black pigment, malachite green pigment, chromium green pigment, orange pigment, coral red pigment, coffee pigment, cobalt blue pigment, dark gray pigment, and praseodymium yellow pigment.
In the specific production of ceramic tiles, the main material comprises one, two, three, or three different types. The main materials of this embodiment include three, which are main material a, main material B and main material C, respectively, in this embodiment, main material a is a dark black high-temperature opaque material, and is represented by 4.0% and 2.0% of black pigment, respectively represented by 0.7: 0.3 of blanking proportion, and the other transition of dark black and light black is formed; the main material B is also a high-temperature impermeable material, and the weight percentages of black pigment of 4.0 percent and 2.0 percent are respectively 0.4: 0.6 blanking (medium black), and the main material C is also high-temperature impermeable material, and the black pigment accounts for 4.0 percent and 0.6 percent, and the weight ratio is respectively 0.2: 0.8 blanking (light black).
The pattern material comprises a pattern material A, a pattern material B and a block making material, the pattern material A and the pattern material B are in a flower shape, the block making material is in an outer frame shape of the pattern material A and the block making material B, and the block making material are compounded into a pattern shape. Wherein, the agglomeration material is mainly a high-temperature impervious material, and is also added with partial pigments, specifically 3.0 percent and 2.0 percent of black pigments, and the ratio of the black pigments to the black pigments is respectively 0.8: blanking according to a blanking proportion of 0.2; the pattern material A is divided into three materials: pattern material A1, pattern material A2 and pattern material A3 respectively, wherein the pattern material A1 is a high-temperature impermeable material compounded with a pigment, and the formula of the pigment comprises 0.6% of orange, 0.035% of coral red and 0.075% of coffee; the pattern material A2 is prepared by mixing low-temperature permeable material and colorant, wherein the colorant comprises 0.8% of orange, 0.035% of coral red, and 0.075% of coffee; the pattern material A3 is a high-temperature impermeable material compounded with a pigment, wherein the formula of the pigment is 1.4% of orange, 0.075% of coral red and 0.2% of coffee. The pattern material B is also divided into three materials, namely a pattern material B1, a pattern material B2 and a pattern material B3: the pattern material B1 is a high-temperature impermeable material compounded with a pigment, and the formula of the pigment comprises 1.4% of orange, 0.075% of coral red and 0.2% of coffee; the pattern material B2 is prepared by mixing a high-temperature permeable material and a pigment; the pattern material B3 is a high-temperature impermeable material compounded with a pigment, wherein the formula of the pigment comprises 1.1% of orange, 2.0% of coral red and 0.7% of coffee (the addition amounts of the pigments are mass percent). The pattern materials are in adjacent flower shapes, and the purpose of blanking at two stations, namely the pattern material A and the pattern material B, is to enrich the color of the pattern materials, increase excessive color and improve the texture of the pattern materials. The pattern material A and the pattern material B have excessively natural flower shapes and gray level changes, the high-temperature material-impermeable material, the high-temperature material-permeable material (pigment) and the low-temperature material-permeable material (pigment) are overlapped in a staggered mode, the firing effects are different due to the fact that the materials have the difference of melting temperatures, the texture of the fabric texture can be further improved, the fabric effect is uniform on the surface and the inside, and the definition is as same as that of natural marble. The colorant formula in this embodiment can be adaptively adjusted according to different ceramic tile styles.
The main materials comprise high-temperature impermeable materials and pigments; and/or the main material is a high-temperature impermeable material; and/or the main material comprises a high-temperature permeable material and a pigment; and/or the main material is a high-temperature permeable material; and/or the main material comprises a low-temperature permeable material and a pigment; and/or the main material is a low-temperature permeable material. The main materials of this example are high temperature opaque materials and pigments. The main materials include other schemes, not listed in a row.
Special mention should be made of the agglomerate preparation process in this example: the agglomeration material is mainly rolled by an agglomeration system, wherein an upper belt and a lower belt in the agglomeration system roll powder to roll the powder continuously to form an agglomerate, and after the rolling, parameters of a cutting station are set, and the shape and the size of the block material are set. The thickness of the agglomerated powder is 3mm-9mm, and the strength is 0.5-2.5 MPa. Then, according to the layout requirement of the embodiment, the cutting parameters of the black golden flower shape are adjusted, and the black golden flower shape is cut into the agglomerated powder materials with different shapes of flower shape and size. Agglomeration materials according to actual needs, part of the product preparation process does not necessarily need the agglomeration process, for example, the agglomeration process is not needed for preparing white fish maw products, kala white products and snowflake white products. The agglomeration material is suitable for similar products in the shape of black golden flowers.
The line material can be adjusted according to the selection of the pigment and whether the pigment is added. In a specific embodiment of the application, the line material comprises a white line material and a yellow line material, the white line material (the width can be as thin as 0.6 mm) comprises a white line material A and a white line material B, the white line material A is divided into two materials, namely a white line material A1 and a white line material A2, and the white line material A1 is a high-temperature opaque material added with 3% of a whitening agent and plays a role in whitening, opacifying and whitening; the white line material A2 is high temperature transparent material. The white line material B is divided into a white line material B1 and a white line material B2, and the white line material B1 is a high-temperature opaque material and is added with 3% of a whitening agent to play a role in opacifying and whitening; the white thread material B2 is a low-temperature permeable material. The combination of the two groups of white line materials can enable white lines to be more obviously exposed, the high-temperature opaque compound whitening agent and the low-temperature opaque compound whitening agent are mutually interpenetrated with the low-temperature opaque compound during melting, the white line materials are rich in layering sense, and the texture of the ceramic tile is closer to that of stone.
The diameter of the yellow line material is 1.0mm, and the yellow line material is not only distributed on the surface of the ceramic tile, but also penetrates through the whole ceramic tile from the surface to the inside. The yellow line material is divided into three materials, namely a yellow line material A, a yellow line material B and a yellow line material C: the yellow line material A is a high-temperature impermeable material compounded with a pigment, and the coloring formula of the yellow line material A comprises 1.4% of orange, 0.075% of coral red and 0.2% of coffee. The yellow line material B is prepared by compounding a high-temperature permeable material and a pigment, and the additive formula is 0.03 percent praseodymium yellow. The yellow line material C is prepared by compounding a low-temperature permeable material and a pigment, and the additive formula is 0.015 percent praseodymium yellow. The weight ratio of the yellow line material A to the yellow line material B to the yellow line material C is respectively 0.7: 0.15; blanking at the ratio of 0.15. The yellow line materials are interspersed with the cloth under the integral action of high-temperature opaque materials and high-temperature (high-white) transparent materials, and the low-temperature transparent materials and the pigment, and the high-temperature opaque materials, the high-temperature (high-white) transparent materials and the low-temperature transparent materials are mutually fused, so that the transition is natural, and the texture of line textures is closer to that of natural stone.
In this embodiment, the above materials need to follow the following material distribution sequence: the materials are not only distributed on the brick surface but pass through the whole brick body, and ink spraying printing or surface glaze application is not needed, so that the material is more similar to natural stone.
In order to further illustrate the performance of the ceramic tile prepared by the ceramic tile distribution process and the preparation process with abundant texture patterns, the ceramic tile prepared by the scheme is compared with natural stone, and the specific product technical parameter comparison data is as follows:
comparison table of performance parameters of ceramic tiles and natural stones prepared by the invention
| Performance of | The ceramic tile prepared by the scheme | Natural stone |
| Mohs hardness/grade | 5.3-5.7 | 4 |
| Radioactivity/class | A | A or B |
| Antifouling performance | Is good | Good effect |
| Flexural strength/Mpa | 40~50 | 20~30 |
| Chemical resistance/grade | A | C |
| Width of thin line/mm | 0.2-1 | 0.2-1 |
| Whether the thin lines are uniform inside and outside | Is that | Is that |
| Texture of | Good taste | Good taste |
As can be seen from the above table, compared with the natural stone, the product performance of the ceramic tile with abundant texture patterns prepared by the invention has better Mohs hardness, wear resistance, radioactivity, breaking strength and chemical corrosion resistance than the natural stone, and the jade feeling is equivalent to the natural stone.
The application also provides a ceramic tile with abundant texture patterns, which is prepared by the material distribution process and the preparation process, the preparation (material distribution) process of the ceramic tile with abundant texture patterns refers to the above embodiments, and the ceramic tile with abundant texture patterns adopts all the technical schemes of all the embodiments, so that the ceramic tile at least has all the effects brought by the technical schemes of the above embodiments, and the description is omitted.
The technical solutions of the present application are further described in detail with reference to the following specific examples, which should be understood as merely illustrative and not limitative.
Example 1
A preparation process of a ceramic tile with abundant texture patterns comprises the following steps:
s1, amplifying the preset texture pattern by 3 times along the width direction of the preset texture pattern, and pressingThe amplified preset texture pattern is used for distributing ceramic powder 1, a distributed material block is conveyed to a material collecting box 3 through a conveying belt 2, a detection switch 31 in the material collecting box is used for detecting the thickness D of the material block, and when the thickness D of the material block is detected<At the rated cloth thickness, the gate 32 of the collecting box is closed, the conveyer belt is transported forwards, and the lumps are blocked so as to be extruded in the collecting box and return to the preset texture pattern; when the material block returns to the preset texture pattern, the detection switch detects that the rated cloth thickness = the thickness D of the material block, the gate is opened, and the material block and the conveying belt synchronously move forward; the ceramic powder is prepared from the conventional ceramic powder, the material block and the cloth have a thickness of 23mm, and the conventional ceramic powder comprises the following chemical components: SiO 2 2 65.32%；Al 2 O 3 20.66％；K 2 O2％-4％；Na 2 O2.46％；CaO0.33％；MgO1.03％；Fe 2 O 3 0.82％；TiO 2 0.28; loss on ignition is 5.15%;
before step S1, the conventional ceramic powder is polished, and the particle size of the conventional ceramic powder is that the residue of the conventional ceramic powder passing through a 80-mesh sieve is 70%. At this time, the water content of the conventional ceramic powder was 7.5%.
S2, supplementing materials to the missing part of the preset texture pattern of the material block to obtain a prefabricated material;
s3, pressing and forming the prefabricated material;
s4, obtaining the ceramic tile with rich texture patterns with certain effect after drying, blank polishing, sintering, polishing and edge grinding, wherein the thin lines have bulk materials, the thin lines are not thin enough, the cloth definition is general, the embodiment adopts the conventional drying and sintering process, the drying period is 60-80min, the sintering period is 60-75min, and the sintering temperature is 1190-.
Example 2
A preparation process of a ceramic tile with abundant texture patterns comprises the following steps:
s1, amplifying a preset texture pattern by 4 times along the width direction of the preset texture pattern, distributing ceramic powder 1 according to the amplified preset texture pattern, conveying a distributed material block to a material collecting box 3 through a conveying belt 2, detecting the thickness D of the material block by a detection switch 31 in the material collecting box, closing a gate 32 of the material collecting box when the thickness D of the material block is smaller than the rated distribution thickness, conveying the conveying belt forwards, and blocking the material block so as to extrude the material block in the material collecting box and restore the material block to the preset texture pattern; when the material block returns to the preset texture pattern, the detection switch detects that the rated cloth thickness = the thickness D of the material block, the gate is opened, and the material block and the conveying belt synchronously move forward; the ceramic powder is prepared by the conventional method of the existing ceramic powder, and the material block and the material distribution thickness are 32 mm;
before step S1, the particle sizes of the main material, the pattern material and the line material are controlled to be 75% of the surplus passing through an 80-mesh sieve, 55% of the surplus passing through the 80-mesh sieve and 25% of the surplus passing through the 80-mesh sieve respectively.
Before step S1, the moisture contents of the main material, the pattern material and the line material are controlled to be 7.5%, 7.5% and 4.5%, respectively.
S2, supplementing materials to the missing part of the preset texture pattern of the material block to obtain a prefabricated material;
s3, pressing and forming the prefabricated material;
and S4, obtaining the ceramic tile with rich texture patterns after drying, blank polishing, sintering, polishing and edge grinding, wherein the drying and sintering temperature is consistent with that of the embodiment, and the texture patterns (lines) of the prepared ceramic tile are very clear.
Example 3
A preparation process of a ceramic tile with abundant texture patterns comprises the following steps:
s1, amplifying a preset texture pattern by 3 times along the width direction of the preset texture pattern, distributing ceramic powder 1 according to the amplified preset texture pattern, conveying a distributed material block to a material collecting box 3 through a conveying belt 2, detecting the thickness D of the material block by a detection switch 31 in the material collecting box, closing a gate 32 of the material collecting box when the thickness D of the material block is smaller than the rated distribution thickness, conveying the conveying belt forwards, and blocking the material block so as to extrude in the material collecting box and restore the material block to the preset texture pattern; when the material block returns to the preset texture pattern, the detection switch detects that the rated cloth thickness = the thickness D of the material block, the gate is opened, and the material block and the conveying belt synchronously move forward; the ceramic powder is prepared by the conventional method of the existing ceramic powder, and the material block and the material distribution thickness are 23 mm;
before step S1, the particle sizes of the main material, the pattern material and the line material are controlled to 77% of the surplus passing through the 80-mesh sieve, 52% of the surplus passing through the 80-mesh sieve and 22% of the surplus passing through the 80-mesh sieve, respectively.
Before step S1, the moisture contents of the main material, the pattern material and the line material are controlled to be 7.0%, 7.1% and 4.2%, respectively.
S2, supplementing materials to the missing part of the preset texture pattern of the material block to obtain a prefabricated material;
s3, pressing and forming the prefabricated material;
and S4, obtaining the ceramic tile with rich texture patterns after drying, blank polishing, sintering, polishing and edge grinding, wherein the drying and sintering temperature is consistent with that of the embodiment.
The ceramic tile obtained in the embodiment is similar to the ceramic tile obtained in the embodiment 2 in surface effect, and the texture patterns (lines) are very clear.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example was conducted under the same conditions as in example 2 except that: in the comparative example, the ceramic powder is directly distributed according to the preset texture pattern without amplification.
The obtained ceramic tile has the defects of details, insufficient texture and poor overall effect.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example was conducted under the same conditions as in example 2 except that: the magnification of this comparative example is 2 times.
The obtained ceramic tile has the defects of details, insufficient abundant textures and poor overall effect, but the material distribution definition is better than that of the ceramic tile in the comparison ratio 1.
Example 4
The conditions in this example are the same as in example 1, except that: the particle sizes of the main material, the pattern material and the line material of the ceramic tile are respectively controlled to be 67 percent of the screen residue of 80-mesh sieve, 55 percent of the screen residue of 80-mesh sieve and 28 percent of the screen residue of 80-mesh sieve.
The ceramic tile with abundant texture patterns with certain effect is obtained, the fine lines are more gathered than those in the embodiment 1, and the cloth definition is clearer than that in the embodiment 1.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example was conducted under the same conditions as in example 1 except that: the particle sizes of the main material, the pattern material and the line material of the ceramic tile are respectively controlled to be 86% of the screen residue of 80-mesh sieve, 70% of the screen residue of 80-mesh sieve and 42% of the screen residue of 80-mesh sieve.
The obtained ceramic tile with abundant texture patterns and a certain effect has bulk materials in thin lines which are not thin enough, and the definition is similar to that of embodiment 1 and is not clear.
Example 5
The conditions in this example are the same as in example 1, except that: the water content of the main material, the pattern material and the line material of the ceramic tile is controlled to be 7.2 percent, 7.0 percent and 4.2 percent respectively.
The ceramic tile with abundant texture patterns with certain effects is obtained, the thin lines are thinner than those in the embodiment 1, and the definition is clearer than that in the embodiment 1.
Comparative example 4
The comparative example was conducted under the same conditions as in example 1 except that: the water content of the line material of the ceramic tile is controlled to be 8.5 percent.
Compared with the ceramic tile obtained in the embodiment 1, the obtained ceramic tile has unclear fine lines, and the ceramic tile can adsorb pigments of other colors due to overhigh moisture content, so that the surface effect of the ceramic tile is poor.
And because the moisture of line material is higher, can block up the line feed opening that the bore is 4.5mm occasionally during unloading, the unloading is intermittent and continuous, has reduced production efficiency.
Comparative example 5
The comparative example was conducted under the same conditions as in example 1 except that: the water content of the line material of the ceramic tile is controlled to be 2.3 percent.
The moisture content of the strand material was too low, and the strands were not fine enough compared to example 1, and the strands were scattered.
As shown in FIGS. 4 to 11, it can be seen from the drawings that the ceramic tiles obtained by the above examples and comparative examples are ceramic tiles with clearer texture patterns obtained by the ceramic tile preparation (distribution) process of the present embodiment compared with the conventional ceramic tile preparation steps of directly distributing the ceramic tiles according to 1 time of the preset texture as seen from examples 1-3 and comparative example 1. From the test results of comparative examples 2-4, it can be seen that when the relationship between the magnification factor, the particle size, and the water content of each material is adjusted in the present scheme, the texture pattern of the ceramic tile will become unclear at the edge, and the resolution will be reduced. Besides that the magnification can affect the definition of the texture pattern, the ceramic powder in the scheme also needs to strictly set the particle size range and the water content so as to obtain the ceramic tile with more accurate texture pattern and better definition.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and all modifications and equivalents of the technical solutions that can be directly or indirectly applied to other related fields without departing from the spirit of the present application are intended to be included in the scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. A ceramic tile material distribution process with abundant texture patterns is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, amplifying a preset texture pattern by 3-4 times along the width direction of the preset texture pattern, distributing ceramic powder according to the amplified preset texture pattern, and extruding a distributed material block to restore the material block to the preset texture pattern;
in the step S1, amplifying the preset grain pattern by 3-4 times along the width direction, distributing the ceramic powder (1) according to the amplified preset grain pattern, conveying the distributed material block to a material collecting box (3) by a conveying belt (2), detecting the thickness D of the material block by a detection switch (31) in the material collecting box, closing a gate (32) of the material collecting box when the thickness D of the material block is less than the rated distribution thickness, conveying the conveying belt forwards, and blocking the material block so as to extrude in the material collecting box and restore to the preset grain pattern; when the material block returns to the preset texture pattern, the detection switch detects that the rated cloth thickness = the thickness D of the material block, the gate is opened, and the material block and the conveying belt synchronously move forward;
s2, supplementing materials to the missing part of the preset texture pattern of the material block to obtain a prefabricated material.
2. The process for preparing ceramic tile distribution with abundant grain patterns as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the thickness of the tile distribution is less than or equal to 28mm, the preset grain pattern of the tile distribution is enlarged by 3 times along the width direction; when the thickness of the panel cloth is more than 28mm, the preset grain pattern when the panel cloth is distributed is enlarged by 4 times along the width direction.
3. The process for distributing ceramic tiles with abundant texture patterns as claimed in claim 1, wherein, viewed from the orthographic projection direction of the ceramic tiles, the ceramic powder is divided into main materials, pattern materials and line materials according to the area size of the texture patterns, wherein, the stacking area of the main materials > the stacking area of the pattern materials > the stacking area of the line materials;
before step S1, the ceramic powder is polished, and the particle sizes of the main material, the pattern material and the line material are respectively controlled to be 60-80% of the surplus sieved by an 80-mesh sieve, 50-60% of the surplus sieved by the 80-mesh sieve and 20-30% of the surplus sieved by the 80-mesh sieve.
4. The process for laying out ceramic tiles having rich texture patterns as claimed in claim 3, wherein before step S1, the water contents of the main material, the pattern material and the line material are controlled to be 6.5-8%, 6.5-8% and 4-5%, respectively.
5. A process for making ceramic tiles with a rich texture pattern, using the distribution process of any one of claims 3-4, further comprising the steps of:
s3, pressing and forming the prefabricated material;
and S4, obtaining the ceramic tile with rich texture patterns after drying, blank polishing, sintering, polishing and edge grinding.
6. The process for making ceramic tiles with rich texture patterns as claimed in claim 5, wherein the ceramic powder comprises high temperature impermeable material, high temperature permeable material and low temperature permeable material;
the whiteness of the high-temperature impervious material is 35-50 degrees;
the whiteness of the high-temperature transparent material is 70-85 degrees, and the light transmittance is 0.4-1.5 percent;
the whiteness of the low-temperature transparent material is 70-85 degrees, and the light transmittance is 0.8-2.5 percent.
7. The process for making ceramic tiles with abundant texture patterns according to claim 6, wherein the main material comprises high temperature impermeable material and colorant; and/or the main material is a high-temperature impermeable material; and/or the main material comprises a high-temperature permeable material and a pigment; and/or the main material is a high-temperature permeable material; and/or the main material comprises a low-temperature transparent material and a pigment; and/or the main material is a low-temperature permeable material;
the pattern material comprises a high-temperature impermeable material and a pigment; and/or the pattern material is a high-temperature impermeable material; and/or the decorative pattern material comprises a low-temperature transparent material and a pigment; and/or the pattern material is a low-temperature transparent material; and/or the decorative material comprises a high-temperature transparent material and a pigment; and/or the pattern material is a high-temperature transparent material;
the wire material comprises a high-temperature impermeable material and a whitening agent; and/or the wire material is a high-temperature transparent material; and/or the line material comprises a high-temperature impermeable material and a pigment; and/or the thread material comprises a high-temperature permeable material and a pigment; and/or the thread material comprises a low-temperature permeable material and a pigment; and/or, the strand comprises a low temperature through material.
8. Ceramic tiles having a rich textural pattern, characterized by being prepared by the process of any one of claims 5 to 7.
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