CN113430818A - 一种保暖棉质面料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种保暖棉质面料及其制备方法。本发明通过在棉质面料浸润含自发热粉体材料的ZrO2溶胶,然后干燥制得自发热粉体材料/ZrO2凝胶纤维整理的棉质面料,即为保暖棉质面料。本发明制备的自发热粉体材料/ZrO2凝胶纤维整理的棉质面料含有自发热粉体材料,自发热粉体材料在人体温度的影响下,其可以有效的发热,从而,实现棉质面料的发热保暖功能。本发明制备的自发热粉体材料/ZrO2凝胶纤维整理棉质面料具有制备方法简单,原料来源广泛等特点,具有很好的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于棉质面料的制备技术领域,具体涉及一种保暖棉质面料及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着面料制备技术的提高,各种新功能的面料被不断研发出来,如:保暖面料、环保面料、抗紫外面料、防水面料等,其中,保暖面料在寒冷的季节是一种深受人们欢迎的面料。因此,保暖面料的研究与开发一直以来都受到广泛关注与研发,如:中国发明专利申请号201810505780.3公布了新型保暖面料,该面料由羊毛纤维、蚕丝纤维、骆驼绒纤维、牛头绒纤维和棉麻纤维混纺而成,其不足之处是其大部分原料的价格相对于棉纤维要贵;中国发明专利申请号201810119075.X公布了一种保暖面料制备工艺,该保暖面料由棉纤维丝和水溶性纤维丝组成,其不足之处是该水溶性纤维丝易溶于水,经过多次水洗,其保暖效果有可能被削弱。
目前,市场上的保暖面料种类繁多,其主要材质由羊毛纤维、蚕丝纤维、骆驼绒等各种保暖性能好的纤维制得,但是,这些材质由于来源相对稀缺,其价格普遍不菲,不能满足广大消费者的需求。因此,急需一种价格低廉、保暖性能优异的面料被开发出来。棉纤维具有很多优点,如:产量大、价格低廉、易可再生、舒适度高、耐水洗等特点,棉纤维被应用到制作各种不同的面料,但是,棉质面料的保暖性不佳,有待进一步提高。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种保暖棉质面料,以解决现有技术中存在的不足,该棉质面料含有自发热粉体材料,自发热粉体材料在人体温度的影响下,其可以有效的发热,从而,实现棉质面料的保暖功能。
本发明的目的在于提供一种保暖棉质面料,该保暖棉质面料可由下述制备方法制得:通过在棉质面料浸润含自发热粉体材料的ZrO2溶胶,然后干燥制得。
本发明的另一目的在于提供上述所述一种保暖棉质面料的制备方法,所述制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)氧化锆溶胶的制备:将氧氯化锆溶于无水乙醇制得混合溶液a,将醋酸钾和聚乙烯醇溶于去离子水制得混合溶液b,将混合溶液b滴加于混合溶液a,搅拌滴加时间为1~3小时,反应温度为50℃~60℃,滴加完成后陈化5~8小时,其黏度达到35~80Pa·s,制得ZrO2溶胶。
优选地,所述混合溶液a中氧氯化锆(g)与无水乙醇(mL)的体积比为:1∶10~20;混合溶液b中醋酸钾(g)、聚乙烯醇(g)与去离子水(mL)的质量体积比为:1∶1~2∶20~40;聚乙烯醇的分子量为2000。
(2)自发热粉体材料的制备:将铁粉、碳晶、电气石粉、氧化铁磁粉混合,然后通过研磨机进行研磨,将混合的粉体研磨至1~50μm。
优选地,所述铁粉(g)、碳晶(g)、电气石粉(g)、氧化铁磁粉(g)的质量比例为:1∶1~2∶1~2∶1~2。
(3)含自发热粉体材料的ZrO2溶胶的制备:将步骤(2)制备的自发热粉体材料溶于步骤(1)制备的ZrO2溶胶,搅拌均匀混合,制得含自发热粉体材料的ZrO2溶胶。
优选地,所述自发热粉体材料(g)与ZrO2溶胶(mL)的质量体积比为:1∶20~40。
(4)浸润:将棉质面料采用浸润设备浸润于含自发热粉体材料的ZrO2溶胶,然后,将棉质面料于95℃~105℃下干燥5~8小时,制得自发热粉体材料/ZrO2凝胶纤维整理的棉质面料。
本发明具有如下显著特点:
(1)本申请的发明人意外地发现,制备的自发热粉体材料/ZrO2凝胶纤维整理的棉质面料含有自发热粉体材料,自发热粉体材料在人体温度的影响下,其可以有效的发热,从而,实现棉质面料的发热保暖功能。
(2)本发明采用浸润的方法,实现了ZrO2溶胶负载于棉质面料;采用加热方法实现ZrO2溶胶转变为ZrO2凝胶纤维;从而实现ZrO2凝胶纤维、自发热粉体材料与棉纤维的有效结合。ZrO2凝胶纤维具有化学性质稳定、耐酸碱腐蚀能力强、力学性能优良等优点,此外,其柔软度与棉纤维相近,是一种很好的载体纤维,实现自发热粉体材料在棉质面料牢固的附着。
(3)本发明制备的自发热粉体材料/ZrO2凝胶纤维整理棉质面料具有制备方法简单,原料来源广泛等特点,具有很好的应用前景。
(4)本发明制备的棉质面料的透气率范围分别在658~668mm/s之间,略低于整理前棉质面料的透气率,该透气率在正常范围内。本发明制备的棉质面料的克罗值范围分别在0.53~0.58之间,明显高于整理前棉质面料的克罗值;经过10次水洗后,面料的克罗值仍没有明显减小,这表明:本发明制备的棉质面料在不影响透气性的前提下具有较好的保暖性能。
附图说明
图1实施例1~3中的浸润设备示意图(1.支架;2.集纱板;3.浸润槽;4.冷却系统;5.牵引系统;6.收卷支架)。
具体实施方式
以下所述实施例详细说明了本发明。
实施例1
在本实施例中,一种保暖棉质面料采用如下方法制备而成,包括如下步骤:
(1)氧化锆溶胶的制备:将10g氧氯化锆溶于150mL无水乙醇制得混合溶液a,将2g醋酸钾和3g分子量为2000的聚乙烯醇溶于60mL去离子水制得混合溶液b,将混合溶液b滴加于混合溶液a,搅拌滴加时间为2小时,反应温度为55℃,滴加完成后陈化6小时,其黏度达到43.7Pa·s,制得ZrO2溶胶。
(2)自发热粉体材料的制备:将20g铁粉、30g碳晶、30g电气石粉、30g氧化铁磁粉混合,然后通过研磨机进行研磨,将混合的粉体研磨至10~40μm。
(3)含自发热粉体材料的ZrO2溶胶的制备:将5g步骤(2)制备的自发热粉体材料溶于150mL步骤(1)制备的ZrO2溶胶,搅拌均匀混合,制得含自发热粉体材料的ZrO2溶胶。
(4)浸润:将棉质面料采用浸润设备浸润于含自发热粉体材料的ZrO2溶胶,浸润设备示意图如图1所示;然后,将棉质面料于100℃下干燥7小时,制得自发热粉体材料/ZrO2凝胶纤维整理的棉质面料。
实施例2
在本实施例中,一种保暖棉质面料采用如下方法制备而成,包括如下步骤:
(1)氧化锆溶胶的制备:将10g氧氯化锆溶于100mL无水乙醇制得混合溶液a,将2g醋酸钾和2g分子量为2000的聚乙烯醇溶于40mL去离子水制得混合溶液b,将混合溶液b滴加于混合溶液a,搅拌滴加时间为1小时,反应温度为50℃,滴加完成后陈化6小时,其黏度达到66.8Pa·s,制得ZrO2溶胶。
(2)自发热粉体材料的制备:将20g铁粉、20g碳晶、20g电气石粉、20g氧化铁磁粉混合,然后通过研磨机进行研磨,将混合的粉体研磨至5~35μm。
(3)含自发热粉体材料的ZrO2溶胶的制备:将5g步骤(2)制备的自发热粉体材料溶于100mL步骤(1)制备的ZrO2溶胶,搅拌均匀混合,制得含自发热粉体材料的ZrO2溶胶。
(4)浸润:将棉质面料采用浸润设备浸润于含自发热粉体材料的ZrO2溶胶,浸润设备示意图如图1所示;然后,将棉质面料于95℃下干燥5小时,制得自发热粉体材料/ZrO2凝胶纤维整理的棉质面料。
实施例3
在本实施例中,一种保暖棉质面料采用如下方法制备而成,包括如下步骤:
(1)氧化锆溶胶的制备:将10g氧氯化锆溶于200mL无水乙醇制得混合溶液a,将2g醋酸钾和4g分子量为2000的聚乙烯醇溶于80mL去离子水制得混合溶液b,将混合溶液b滴加于混合溶液a,搅拌滴加时间为3小时,反应温度为60℃,滴加完成后陈化8小时,其黏度达到73.4Pa·s,制得ZrO2溶胶。
(2)自发热粉体材料的制备:将20g铁粉、40g碳晶、40g电气石粉、40g氧化铁磁粉混合,然后通过研磨机进行研磨,将混合的粉体研磨至20~50μm。
(3)含自发热粉体材料的ZrO2溶胶的制备:将5g步骤(2)制备的自发热粉体材料溶于200mL步骤(1)制备的ZrO2溶胶,搅拌均匀混合,制得含自发热粉体材料的ZrO2溶胶。
(4)浸润:将棉质面料采用浸润设备浸润于含自发热粉体材料的ZrO2溶胶,浸润设备示意图如图1所示;然后,将棉质面料于105℃下干燥8小时,制得自发热粉体材料/ZrO2凝胶纤维整理的棉质面料。
对比例A
以实施例1为对比,在本实施例中,减少氧氯化锆的用量,即将步骤(1)中将“10g氧氯化锆”调整为“10g氧氯化锆”,其它制备方法按实施例1的制备方法实施。
对比例B
以实施例1为对比,在本实施例中,减少自发热粉体材料的用量,即将步骤(3)中“5g步骤(2)制备的自发热粉体材料”调整为“0.5g步骤(2)制备的自发热粉体材料”,其它制备方法按实施例1的制备方法实施。
对比例C
以实施例1为对比,在本实施例中,改变浸润的温度,即将步骤(4)中的“将棉质面料于100℃下”调整为“将棉质面料于100℃下”,其它制备方法按实施例1的制备方法实施。
透气性能测试:
为了更好地检测本发明中制备的棉质面料的透气性,选取本发明中上述具体实施例1~3和对比例A~C制备得到的棉质面料a、b、c、d、e、f和未整理的棉质面料(购于上海纬仁毛纺织有限公司)。参照GB/T5453-1997《纺织品织物透气性的测定》,采用YG461E型数字式透气仪测试面料透气性。设置试样压差为100Pa,试验面积为20cm2,在同一样品的不同部位重复测试10次。参照GB/T 20944.1-2007耐洗色牢度试验机洗涤方法对待测面料进行标准洗涤,测试初始样品和洗涤10次后样品的透气性能,测试结果如表1所示。
表1棉质面料a、b、c、d、e、f和未整理棉质面料的透气性能
从表1可见,棉质面料a、b、c的透气率范围分别在658~668mm/s之间,略低于未整理棉质面料的透气率,该透气率在正常范围内;经过10次水洗后,面料a、b、c的透气率没有明显增加。由此可以认为,本发明制备的棉质面料具有较好的透气性能。对比例A-C制备的棉质面料d、e、f的透气性能也表现良好,这表明:氧氯化锆的用量、自发热粉体材料的用量、浸润的温度均对棉质面料的透气性能影响不大。
保暖性能测试:
为了更好地检测本发明中制备的棉质面料的保暖性,选取本发明中上述具体实施例1~3和对比例A~C制备得到的棉质面料a、b、c、d、e、f和未整理的棉质面料(购于上海纬仁毛纺织有限公司)。参照GB/T11048—2008《纺织品生理舒适性稳态条件下热阻和湿阻的测定》,采用YG606型平板式织物保温仪测试面料保暖性能。在织物的不同部位剪取300mm×300mm试样3块,将试样完全覆盖在温度均为33℃的试验板、保护板和底板上。参照GB/T20944.1-2007耐洗色牢度试验机洗涤方法对待测面料进行标准洗涤,测试初始样品和洗涤10次后样品的保暖性能,测试结果如表2所示。
表2棉质面料a、b、c、d、e、f和未整理的棉质面料的保暖性能
从表2可见,棉质面料a、b、c的克罗值范围分别在0.53~0.58之间,高于未整理棉质面料的克罗值;经过10次水洗后,面料a、b、c的克罗值仍没有明显减小。克罗值越高,面料的保暖性越好。由此可以认为,本发明制备的棉质面料具有较好的保暖性能。对比例A-C制备的棉质面料d、e、f的保暖性能相对于面料a、b、c略差,这表明:氧氯化锆的用量、自发热粉体材料的用量、浸润的温度均对棉质面料的保暖性能有重要影响。
综合分析认为,本发明制备的棉质面料在不影响透气性的前提下具有较好的保暖性能。
Claims (7)
1.一种保暖棉质面料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)混合:含自发热粉体材料的ZrO2溶胶的制备:将自发热粉体材料溶于ZrO2溶胶,搅拌均匀混合,制得含自发热粉体材料的ZrO2溶胶;
(2)浸润:将棉质面料采用浸润设备浸润于含自发热粉体材料的ZrO2溶胶,然后,将棉质面料于95℃~105℃下干燥5~8小时,制得自发热粉体材料/ZrO2凝胶纤维整理的棉质面料,即为保暖棉质面料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种保暖棉质面料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(1)中自发热粉体材料与ZrO2溶胶的质量体积比为:1g∶(20~40)mL。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种保暖棉质面料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)中ZrO2溶胶的制备方法为:将氧氯化锆溶于无水乙醇制得混合溶液a,将醋酸钾和聚乙烯醇溶于去离子水制得混合溶液b,将混合溶液b滴加于混合溶液a,搅拌滴加时间为1~3小时,反应温度为50℃~60℃,滴加完成后陈化5~8小时,制得ZrO2溶胶。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种保暖棉质面料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述混合溶液a中氧氯化锆与无水乙醇的体积比为:1g∶10~20mL;所述混合溶液b中醋酸钾、聚乙烯醇与去离子水的质量体积比为:1g∶(1~2)g∶(20~40)mL;所述聚乙烯醇的分子量为2000。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种保暖棉质面料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)中自发热粉体材料的制备方法为:将铁粉、碳晶、电气石粉、氧化铁磁粉混合,然后通过研磨机进行研磨,将混合的粉体研磨至1~50μm。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种保暖棉质面料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述铁粉、碳晶、电气石粉、氧化铁磁粉的质量比例为:1g∶(1~2)g∶(1~2)g∶(1~2)g。
7.一种保暖棉质面料,其特征在于,采用权利要求1~6任一项所述的一种保暖棉质面料的制备方法制备而成。
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