CN113424903A - Pig feed additive, preparation method and pig feed thereof - Google Patents
Pig feed additive, preparation method and pig feed thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/111—Aromatic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/116—Heterocyclic compounds
- A23K20/132—Heterocyclic compounds containing only one nitrogen as hetero atom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
- A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/153—Nucleic acids; Hydrolysis products or derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/28—Silicates, e.g. perlites, zeolites or bentonites
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/30—Oligoelements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention discloses a pig feed additive, a pig feed and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method of the pig feed comprises the following steps: mixing soybean germ powder, puffed corn powder, soybean meal, rice hull powder, kelp powder, salt, vitamin A, D-biotin, probiotics and pig feed additive at room temperature, and stirring to obtain pig feed. The pig feed additive and the pig feed provided by the invention can improve the immunity of piglets, reduce the diarrhea rate and increase the feed intake and average daily gain of the piglets.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of feed processing, and particularly relates to a pig feed additive, a preparation method and a pig feed thereof.
Background
Pig feed generally consists of protein feed, energy feed, roughage, greenfeed, silage, mineral feed and pig feed additives. The pig feed additive is one of materials commonly used in pig breeding feed, and has the characteristics of small addition amount and remarkable effect. The added pig feed additive can strengthen the nutritional value of the feed formula, save the feed cost, improve the growth condition and the quality of pigs, for example, promote the intestinal development of piglets, reduce the diarrhea rate and improve the feed conversion rate. The pig feed additive is divided into various types according to the efficacy and the effect, and comprises amino acid, trace elements, vitamins and other nutrient supplements, and non-nutritive additives which are used for promoting the growth of animals or meeting the special requirements of feed processing and the like by using a growth promoter, an antioxidant, a mildew preventive and the like. Therefore, the excellent pig feed additive has very important functions of improving the utilization rate of the feed, promoting the growth of pigs and preventing diseases of the pigs.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a pig feed additive, a preparation method and a pig feed thereof.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of pig feed comprises the following steps: mixing soybean germ powder, puffed corn powder, soybean meal, rice hull powder, kelp powder, salt, vitamin A, D-biotin, probiotics and pig feed additive at room temperature, and stirring to obtain pig feed.
Preferably, the preparation method of the pig feed comprises the following steps: mixing 30-50 parts by weight of soybean germ powder, 80-100 parts by weight of puffed corn flour, 50-60 parts by weight of soybean meal, 25-35 parts by weight of rice hull powder, 10-30 parts by weight of kelp powder, 3-6 parts by weight of salt, 0.5-1 part by weight of vitamin A, 0.0005-0.001 part by weight of D-biotin, 0.1-0.3 part by weight of probiotics and 6-15 parts by weight of pig feed additive at room temperature, and stirring at the rotating speed of 50-100rpm for 20-30min to obtain the pig feed.
Preferably, the preparation method of the pig feed comprises the following steps: mixing soybean germ powder, puffed corn powder, soybean meal, rice hull powder, kelp powder, salt, vitamin A, D-biotin, probiotics, pig feed additive and functional auxiliary materials at room temperature, and stirring to obtain pig feed.
Preferably, the preparation method of the pig feed comprises the following steps: mixing 30-50 parts by weight of soybean germ powder, 80-100 parts by weight of puffed corn flour, 50-60 parts by weight of soybean meal, 25-35 parts by weight of rice hull powder, 10-30 parts by weight of kelp powder, 3-6 parts by weight of salt, 0.5-1 part by weight of vitamin A, 0.0005-0.001 part by weight of D-biotin, 0.1-0.3 part by weight of probiotics, 6-15 parts by weight of pig feed additive and 1-3 parts by weight of functional auxiliary materials at room temperature, and stirring at the rotating speed of 50-100rpm for 20-30min to obtain the pig feed.
The probiotics are clostridium butyricum and/or enterococcus faecalis; preferably, the probiotics are a mixture of clostridium butyricum and enterococcus faecalis according to a mass ratio of 1 (1-2).
The functional auxiliary materials are prepared by the following method: adding 15-25 parts by weight of zeolite powder into 40-60 parts by weight of 5-8 wt% ammonium acetate aqueous solution, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10-20min at an ultrasonic frequency of 20-30kHz and an ultrasonic power of 100-; heating at 50-70 deg.C for 2-5h, centrifuging, drying the precipitate at 90-100 deg.C for 2-3h, calcining at 500 deg.C for 5-7h to obtain pretreated zeolite powder; adding 6-12 parts by weight of the pretreated zeolite powder, 0.1-0.5 part by weight of 1, 4-butanediamine and 0.5-1 part by weight of glutamine dipeptide into 20-35 parts by weight of water, and stirring for 25-35min at a stirring speed of 100-200 rpm; centrifuging, drying the precipitate at 70-90 deg.C for 5-8 hr, and grinding.
The pig feed additive is prepared by mixing yeast culture, calcium hydrophosphate, guanidinoacetic acid, dihydropyridine, cysteamine hydrochloride, copper gluconate, ferrous gluconate, zinc malate, sodium pantothenate, folic acid, nicotinamide, sodium tartrate, licorice powder, threonine, 5 '-calcium inosinate, 5' -dipotassium inosinate, inosine, guanylate, dihydrochalcone and water-soluble idebenone according to the mass ratio of (100) 150), (25-35), (27-35), (15-30), (10-20), (40-80), (25-65), (40-50), (20-25), (27-33), (33-41), (27-35), (75-90), (10-30), (5-15), (3-15), (1-15), (0.1-5) and (40-55) .
The preparation method of the water-soluble idebenone comprises the following steps:
mixing trichloro-sulfur, choline derivatives, propylamine and propionitrile according to the mass ratio of (10-15) to (12-20) to (5-12) to (65-75) at (-7) - (-2) DEG C, and stirring at the rotating speed of 200rpm for 1.5-3h to obtain choline phosphoryl chloride;
mixing idebenone and propionitrile according to the mass ratio of (25-30) to (48-60) at 11-15 ℃, and stirring at the rotating speed of 120-200rpm for 30-50min to obtain an idebenone-propionitrile solution;
mixing the choline phosphoryl chloride obtained in the step I, the idebenone-propionitrile solution obtained in the step II and diethylamine according to the mass ratio of (28-32), (33-37), (8-13) and stirring at the rotating speed of 120 plus materials and 200rpm for 4-7 hours at the temperature of 6-9 ℃ to obtain an intermediate;
fourthly, mixing the intermediate obtained in the third step and water according to the mass ratio of (10-15) to (3-7) at the temperature of 14-17 ℃ and stirring for 1-3h at the rotating speed of 120-200 rpm; then heating to 26-30 ℃ and continuously stirring at the rotating speed of 120-200rpm for 2-4h to obtain a reaction product;
fifthly, cooling the reaction product obtained in the step IV to 3-6 ℃, and washing the reaction product for 0.5-2h by using absolute ethyl alcohol; the mass ratio of the reaction product to the absolute ethyl alcohol is (0.8-1.3) to (2.7-4), and the washing flow rate of the absolute ethyl alcohol is 15-23 mL/min; and then dried at (-25) - (-18) deg.C under a vacuum of 80-110Pa until a powdery solid is obtained to obtain the water-soluble idebenone.
The choline derivative is choline salicylate and/or citicoline; preferably, the choline derivative is a mixture of choline salicylate and citicoline in a mass ratio of (0.8-3.5) to (0.8-3.5).
Idebenone can effectively activate cell respiration and cell metabolism, improve energy metabolism and glucose utilization rate, and can strongly scavenge free radicals in vivo, thereby playing an anti-inflammatory role, and is a non-specific immunopotentiator, but the water solubility of idebenone is poor, so that the invention aims to improve the water solubility of idebenone and exert strong antioxidation effect thereof, thereby obtaining the pig feed capable of enhancing the immunity of pigs and promoting the growth of pigs. Choline and phosphate groups with strong hydrophilicity are introduced into the molecular structure of idebenone, so that the water solubility of idebenone is greatly enhanced, and the capability of removing free radicals of idebenone in a PTIO aqueous solution is enhanced; the choline salicylate and the citicoline have groups with stronger reactivity, so that idebenone with better water solubility can be prepared, and after the choline salicylate and the citicoline are compounded, the water solubility of the prepared water-soluble idebenone can be further improved due to the existence of the different functional groups of the two choline derivatives; after the obtained water-soluble idebenone enters a pig body and plays the antioxidation role of the idebenone, the different functional groups of the choline salicylate and the citicoline in the water-soluble idebenone can be reduced into the choline salicylate and the citicoline, the choline salicylate has the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects, the citicoline can inhibit the brain cortex electroencephalogram wakefulness reaction and the rise of the muscle evoked potential threshold caused by stimulating the cerebral cortex, and can promote the functions of an ascending network activation system and a cone system, so that the consciousness level and the motor function are improved, the biosynthesis of phospholipids can be promoted, the phospholipid metabolism is improved, the respiratory function of mitochondria is improved, the immunity of the pig is further improved, and the growth of the pig is promoted. The clostridium butyricum has strong intestinal regulation effect, can inhibit pathogenic bacteria in the intestinal tract of pigs, promotes the proliferation and development of beneficial flora (bifidobacteria and the like) in the intestinal tract of pigs, inhibits the growth and the reproduction of harmful bacteria and putrefying bacteria in the intestinal tract, corrects the disturbance of the flora in the intestinal tract, reduces the occurrence of enterotoxin, can generate substances such as B vitamins, vitamin K, amylase and the like in the intestinal tract of pigs, has health care effect, and the main metabolite butyric acid of the clostridium butyricum is a main nutrient substance for the regeneration and the repair of epithelial tissue cells in the intestinal tract of pigs; enterococcus faecalis is beneficial to the physical health of animals under normal conditions, can generate natural antibiotics to play a role in bacteriostasis, and can improve the microcirculation of intestinal tracts so as to reduce the reproduction of bacteria and putrefying bacteria and reduce the absorption of toxins in vivo.
The invention also provides a pig feed additive which comprises yeast culture, calcium hydrophosphate, glycocyamine, dihydropyridine, cysteamine hydrochloride, copper gluconate, ferrous gluconate, zinc malate, sodium pantothenate, folic acid, nicotinamide, sodium tartrate, licorice powder, threonine, 5 '-calcium inosinate, 5' -dipotassium inosinate, inosine, guanylate, dihydrochalcone and water-soluble idebenone according to the mass ratio of (100) 150: 25-35: 27-35: 15-30: 10-20: 40-80: 25-65: 40-50: 20-25: 27-33: 33-41: 27-35: 10-30: 5-15: 3-15: 1-15: 0.1-5: 40-55) Mixing the components.
The invention also provides a pig feed prepared by the method.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the pig feed additive and the pig feed can improve the immunity of piglets, reduce the diarrhea rate, increase the feed intake and daily gain of the piglets, promote the growth and ensure that the pork has excellent quality.
Detailed Description
The above summary of the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments, but it should not be understood that the scope of the above subject matter of the present invention is limited to the following examples.
Introduction of some raw materials in this application:
puffed corn flour, available from Shandong Xuyang agriculture and animal husbandry, Inc., Cat number PHYM.
Soybean meal, available from kyushu chemical limited, shandong under a cat number of 88-26.
Rice hull powder, available from Ring26384xian Hua diligent fodder Co., Ltd., Cat No. DKF 4029.
Soybean germ powder: purchased from Jinnan Xin Macro chemical Co., Ltd, crude protein is not less than 43%, and the product number is 0-00-801.
D-biotin, available from Biotech Limited, Zhejiang province, Cat 286, 2% effective content, feed grade.
Vitamin a, available from Jiangxi Longyi pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, cat #: LY08, feed grade.
Clostridium butyricum: clostridium butyricum, CGMCC: 1.5205, purchased from China general microbiological culture Collection center.
Enterococcus faecalis: enterococcus faecalis, CICC 20440, purchased from China center for Industrial culture Collection of microorganisms.
Kelp powder, purchased from denghui chemical ltd, cat No. 4769, feed grade.
Salt, purchased from Nanchang Guangmai chemical, cat # 121, feed grade.
Zeolite powder, CAS: 1318-02-1, available from west asia chemical technology (shandong) ltd, under the trade designation: b14317-1kg, particle size: 10 μm, impurity content less than or equal to 1.0 percent.
Ammonium acetate, CAS: 631-61-8, available from south Henan Hua Wen chemical Co., Ltd.
Glutamine dipeptide, CAS: 39537-23-0, available from Wujingyao Biotechnology Ltd.
Putrescine (1, 4-butanediamine), CAS: 110-60-1, available from Bailingwei technologies, Inc., Beijing.
Yeast culture, CAS: 8013-01-2, available from western chemical technology, Shandong, Inc., under the trade designation: a12839-500 g.
Calcium hydrogen phosphate, CAS: 7789-77-7, available from western chemical technology, Shandong, Inc., under the trade designation: a15160-500g, Specification: AR, molecular weight: 172.09
Guanidinoacetic acid, CAS: 352-97-6, available from western chemistry technologies (Shandong) Ltd, under trade designation: a15694-500g, purity: 97.0%, molecular weight: 117.11
Dihydropyridines, CAS: 1149-23-1, available from western chemical technology, Shandong, Inc., under trade designation: a15735-100g, purity: 98.0%, molecular weight: 253.29
Cysteamine hydrochloride, CAS: 156-57-0, available from west asia chemical technology (shandong) ltd, under the trade designation: b13150-500g, purity: 97.0%, molecular weight: 113.61
Copper gluconate, CAS: 527-09-3, available from Western Asia chemical technologies, Inc., under trade designation: a18173-500g, purity: 98.0%, molecular weight: 453.84
Ferrous gluconate, CAS: 299-29-6, available from western chemical technology, limited, Shandong, under trade designation: a22917-2.5kg, purity: 98.0%, molecular weight: 446.14
Zinc malate, CAS: 2847-05-4, available from Zhengzhou blue industries Ltd, purity: 99.5%, molecular weight: 233.47.
sodium pantothenate, CAS: 867-81-2, available from western chemical technology (Shandong) Inc., under trade designation: 15575-25g, purity: 98.0%, molecular weight: 241.22.
folic acid, CAS: 59-30-3, available from western chemistry technologies (Shandong) Ltd, under trade designation: a14185-500g, specification: AR, molecular weight: 441.40.
nicotinamide, CAS: 98-92-0, available from western chemistry technologies (Shandong) Ltd, under trade designation: a12389-500g, Specification: AR, molecular weight: 122.13.
sodium tartrate, CAS: 868-18-8, available from western chemistry technologies (Shandong) Ltd, under trade designation: a19742-500g, Specification: 99.0%, molecular weight: 194.05. licorice powder, purchased from sienna weizhen biotechnology limited, purity: 99.0%, powder particle diameter: 80 meshes.
Threonine, CAS: 72-19-5, available from western chemical technology, Shandong, Inc., under trade designation: a11769-500g, specification: 99.0%, molecular weight: 119.12.
calcium 5' -inosinate, CAS: 38966-29-9, available from merck chemical technology (shanghai) ltd, purity: 99.0 percent.
Dipotassium 5' -inosinate, CAS: 20262-26-4, available from merck chemical technology (shanghai) ltd, purity: 99.0 percent.
Inosine, CAS: 58-63-9, available from western chemistry technologies (Shandong) Ltd, under trade designation: a14074-500g, specification: 98.0%, molecular weight: 268.23.
guanylate, CAS: 6027-83-4, purchased from Anhui Zhonghong bioengineering Co Ltd, with the commodity number: 1446782348, purity: 99.0 percent.
Dihydrochalcone, CAS: 1083-30-3, available from mairei chemical technologies, inc, product number: TCI-D5479-5G, molecular weight: 210.28.
trichloro-thion, CAS: 3982-91-0, available from Sahn chemical technology (Shanghai) Ltd., purity: 98.0%, molecular weight: 169.40.
propylamine, CAS: 107-10-8, available from western chemistry technologies (Shandong) Ltd, under trade designation: b11533-500ml, purity: 99.0%, molecular weight: 59.11.
propionitrile, CAS: 107-12-0, available from sahn chemical technology (shanghai) ltd, purity: 98.0%, molecular weight: 55.08.
choline salicylate, CAS: 2016-36-6, available from Shanghai Michelin Biotechnology, Inc., under the trade designation: c908500-5g, purity: 95.0%, molecular weight: 241.28. citicoline, CAS: 987-78-0, available from Shanghai Michelin Biochemical technology, Inc., under trade designation: c829545-5g, purity: 98.0%, molecular weight: 488.32. idebenone, CAS: 58186-27-9, available from Zhengzhou space control Biotechnology Limited, purity: 99.0%, cargo number: YK 28.
Absolute ethanol, CAS: 64-17-5, available from Nanjing chemical reagents, Inc., under the trade designation: c0692035010, purity: 96%, molecular weight: 46.07.
choline chloride, CAS: 67-48-1, available from Shanghai Michelin Biochemical technology, Inc., under trade designation: c805027-10kg, purity: 98.0%, molecular weight: 139.62.
example 1
A preparation method of pig feed comprises the following steps: mixing 35 parts by weight of soybean germ powder, 90 parts by weight of puffed corn powder, 55 parts by weight of soybean meal, 30 parts by weight of rice hull powder, 20 parts by weight of kelp powder, 5 parts by weight of salt, 0.8 part by weight of vitamin A, 0.001 part by weight of D-biotin, 0.2 part by weight of probiotics and 10 parts by weight of pig feed additive at room temperature, and stirring at the rotating speed of 80rpm for 25min to obtain the pig feed.
The probiotics are a mixture of clostridium butyricum and enterococcus faecalis according to the mass ratio of 1: 1.
The pig feed additive is prepared by mixing yeast culture, calcium hydrophosphate, guanidinoacetic acid, dihydropyridine, cysteamine hydrochloride, copper gluconate, ferrous gluconate, zinc malate, sodium pantothenate, folic acid, nicotinamide, sodium tartrate, licorice powder, threonine, 5 '-calcium inosinate, 5' -dipotassium inosinate, inosine, guanylate, dihydrochalcone and water-soluble idebenone according to a mass ratio of 120:30:33:25:16:60:50:47:23:29:37:33:83:23:12:11:13:3:3: 47.
The preparation method of the water-soluble idebenone comprises the following steps:
mixing trichloro-sulfur phosphorus, choline derivative, propylamine and propionitrile according to the mass ratio of 13:16:8:70 at-5 ℃, and stirring at the rotating speed of 150rpm for 2 hours to obtain choline phosphoryl chloride; the choline derivative is a mixture of choline salicylate and citicoline in a mass ratio of 1: 1.
Mixing idebenone and propionitrile according to the mass ratio of 27:52 at 12 ℃, and stirring at the rotating speed of 150rpm for 40min to obtain an idebenone-propionitrile solution;
thirdly, mixing the choline phosphoryl chloride obtained in the step I, the idebenone-propionitrile solution obtained in the step II and diethylamine according to the mass ratio of 31:35:10, and stirring at the rotating speed of 150rpm for 5 hours at the temperature of 8 ℃ to obtain an intermediate;
fourthly, mixing the intermediate obtained in the third step with deionized water according to the mass ratio of 12:5 at 15 ℃, and stirring for 2 hours at the rotating speed of 150 rpm; then heating to 28 ℃ and continuously stirring at the rotating speed of 150rpm for 3 hours to obtain a reaction product;
fifthly, cooling the reaction product obtained in the step IV to 4 ℃, and washing the reaction product for 1 hour by using absolute ethyl alcohol; the mass ratio of the reaction product to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1:3, and the washing flow rate of the absolute ethyl alcohol is 20 mL/min; subsequently, the water-soluble idebenone was obtained by drying at-20 ℃ under a vacuum of 100Pa until a powdery solid was obtained.
Example 2
A preparation method of pig feed comprises the following steps: mixing 35 parts by weight of soybean germ powder, 90 parts by weight of puffed corn powder, 55 parts by weight of soybean meal, 30 parts by weight of rice hull powder, 20 parts by weight of kelp powder, 5 parts by weight of salt, 0.8 part by weight of vitamin A, 0.001 part by weight of D-biotin, 0.2 part by weight of probiotics and 10 parts by weight of pig feed additive at room temperature, and stirring at the rotating speed of 80rpm for 25min to obtain the pig feed.
The probiotics are a mixture of clostridium butyricum and enterococcus faecalis according to the mass ratio of 1: 1.
The pig feed additive is prepared by mixing yeast culture, calcium hydrophosphate, guanidinoacetic acid, dihydropyridine, cysteamine hydrochloride, copper gluconate, ferrous gluconate, zinc malate, sodium pantothenate, folic acid, nicotinamide, sodium tartrate, licorice powder, threonine, 5 '-calcium inosinate, 5' -dipotassium inosinate, inosine, guanylate, dihydrochalcone and water-soluble idebenone according to a mass ratio of 120:30:33:25:16:60:50:47:23:29:37:33:83:23:12:11:13:3:3: 47.
The preparation method of the water-soluble idebenone comprises the following steps:
mixing trichloro-sulfur phosphorus, choline derivative, propylamine and propionitrile according to the mass ratio of 13:16:8:70 at-5 ℃, and stirring at the rotating speed of 150rpm for 2 hours to obtain choline phosphoryl chloride; the choline derivative is choline salicylate.
Mixing idebenone and propionitrile according to the mass ratio of 27:52 at 12 ℃, and stirring at the rotating speed of 150rpm for 40min to obtain an idebenone-propionitrile solution;
thirdly, mixing the choline phosphoryl chloride obtained in the step I, the idebenone-propionitrile solution obtained in the step II and diethylamine according to the mass ratio of 31:35:10, and stirring at the rotating speed of 150rpm for 5 hours at the temperature of 8 ℃ to obtain an intermediate;
fourthly, mixing the intermediate obtained in the third step with deionized water according to the mass ratio of 12:5 at 15 ℃, and stirring for 2 hours at the rotating speed of 150 rpm; then heating to 28 ℃ and continuously stirring at the rotating speed of 150rpm for 3 hours to obtain a reaction product;
fifthly, cooling the reaction product obtained in the step IV to 4 ℃, and washing the reaction product for 1 hour by using absolute ethyl alcohol; the mass ratio of the reaction product to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1:3, and the washing flow rate of the absolute ethyl alcohol is 20 mL/min; subsequently, the water-soluble idebenone was obtained by drying at-20 ℃ under a vacuum of 100Pa until a powdery solid was obtained.
Example 3
A preparation method of pig feed comprises the following steps: mixing 35 parts by weight of soybean germ powder, 90 parts by weight of puffed corn powder, 55 parts by weight of soybean meal, 30 parts by weight of rice hull powder, 20 parts by weight of kelp powder, 5 parts by weight of salt, 0.8 part by weight of vitamin A, 0.001 part by weight of D-biotin, 0.2 part by weight of probiotics and 10 parts by weight of pig feed additive at room temperature, and stirring at the rotating speed of 80rpm for 25min to obtain the pig feed.
The probiotics are a mixture of clostridium butyricum and enterococcus faecalis according to the mass ratio of 1: 1.
The pig feed additive is prepared by mixing yeast culture, calcium hydrophosphate, guanidinoacetic acid, dihydropyridine, cysteamine hydrochloride, copper gluconate, ferrous gluconate, zinc malate, sodium pantothenate, folic acid, nicotinamide, sodium tartrate, licorice powder, threonine, 5 '-calcium inosinate, 5' -dipotassium inosinate, inosine, guanylate, dihydrochalcone and water-soluble idebenone according to a mass ratio of 120:30:33:25:16:60:50:47:23:29:37:33:83:23:12:11:13:3:3: 47.
The preparation method of the water-soluble idebenone comprises the following steps:
mixing trichloro-sulfur phosphorus, choline derivative, propylamine and propionitrile according to the mass ratio of 13:16:8:70 at-5 ℃, and stirring at the rotating speed of 150rpm for 2 hours to obtain choline phosphoryl chloride; the choline derivative is citicoline.
Mixing idebenone and propionitrile according to the mass ratio of 27:52 at 12 ℃, and stirring at the rotating speed of 150rpm for 40min to obtain an idebenone-propionitrile solution;
thirdly, mixing the choline phosphoryl chloride obtained in the step I, the idebenone-propionitrile solution obtained in the step II and diethylamine according to the mass ratio of 31:35:10, and stirring at the rotating speed of 150rpm for 5 hours at the temperature of 8 ℃ to obtain an intermediate;
fourthly, mixing the intermediate obtained in the third step with deionized water according to the mass ratio of 12:5 at 15 ℃, and stirring for 2 hours at the rotating speed of 150 rpm; then heating to 28 ℃ and continuously stirring at the rotating speed of 150rpm for 3 hours to obtain a reaction product;
fifthly, cooling the reaction product obtained in the step IV to 4 ℃, and washing the reaction product for 1 hour by using absolute ethyl alcohol; the mass ratio of the reaction product to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1:3, and the washing flow rate of the absolute ethyl alcohol is 20 mL/min; subsequently, the water-soluble idebenone was obtained by drying at-20 ℃ under a vacuum of 100Pa until a powdery solid was obtained.
Comparative example 1
A preparation method of pig feed comprises the following steps: mixing 35 parts by weight of soybean germ powder, 90 parts by weight of puffed corn powder, 55 parts by weight of soybean meal, 30 parts by weight of rice hull powder, 20 parts by weight of kelp powder, 5 parts by weight of salt, 0.8 part by weight of vitamin A, 0.001 part by weight of D-biotin, 0.2 part by weight of probiotics and 10 parts by weight of pig feed additive at room temperature, and stirring at the rotating speed of 80rpm for 25min to obtain the pig feed.
The probiotics are a mixture of clostridium butyricum and enterococcus faecalis according to the mass ratio of 1: 1.
The pig feed additive is prepared by mixing yeast culture, calcium hydrophosphate, guanidinoacetic acid, dihydropyridine, cysteamine hydrochloride, copper gluconate, ferrous gluconate, zinc malate, sodium pantothenate, folic acid, nicotinamide, sodium tartrate, licorice powder, threonine, 5 '-calcium inosinate, 5' -dipotassium inosinate, inosine, guanylate, dihydrochalcone and water-soluble idebenone according to a mass ratio of 120:30:33:25:16:60:50:47:23:29:37:33:83:23:12:11:13:3:3: 47.
The preparation method of the water-soluble idebenone comprises the following steps:
mixing trichloro-sulfur phosphorus, choline derivative, propylamine and propionitrile according to the mass ratio of 13:16:8:70 at-5 ℃, and stirring at the rotating speed of 150rpm for 2 hours to obtain choline phosphoryl chloride; the choline derivative is a mixture of choline salicylate and choline chloride according to a mass ratio of 1: 1.
Mixing idebenone and propionitrile according to the mass ratio of 27:52 at 12 ℃, and stirring at the rotating speed of 150rpm for 40min to obtain an idebenone-propionitrile solution;
thirdly, mixing the choline phosphoryl chloride obtained in the step I, the idebenone-propionitrile solution obtained in the step II and diethylamine according to the mass ratio of 31:35:10, and stirring at the rotating speed of 150rpm for 5 hours at the temperature of 8 ℃ to obtain an intermediate;
fourthly, mixing the intermediate obtained in the third step with deionized water according to the mass ratio of 12:5 at 15 ℃, and stirring for 2 hours at the rotating speed of 150 rpm; then heating to 28 ℃ and continuously stirring at the rotating speed of 150rpm for 3 hours to obtain a reaction product;
fifthly, cooling the reaction product obtained in the step IV to 4 ℃, and washing the reaction product for 1 hour by using absolute ethyl alcohol; the mass ratio of the reaction product to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1:3, and the washing flow rate of the absolute ethyl alcohol is 20 mL/min; subsequently, the water-soluble idebenone was obtained by drying at-20 ℃ under a vacuum of 100Pa until a powdery solid was obtained.
Comparative example 2
A preparation method of pig feed comprises the following steps: mixing 35 parts by weight of soybean germ powder, 90 parts by weight of puffed corn powder, 55 parts by weight of soybean meal, 30 parts by weight of rice hull powder, 20 parts by weight of kelp powder, 5 parts by weight of salt, 0.8 part by weight of vitamin A, 0.001 part by weight of D-biotin, 0.2 part by weight of probiotics and 10 parts by weight of pig feed additive at room temperature, and stirring at the rotating speed of 80rpm for 25min to obtain the pig feed.
The probiotics are a mixture of clostridium butyricum and enterococcus faecalis according to the mass ratio of 1: 1.
The pig feed additive is prepared by mixing yeast culture, calcium hydrophosphate, guanidinoacetic acid, dihydropyridine, cysteamine hydrochloride, copper gluconate, ferrous gluconate, zinc malate, sodium pantothenate, folic acid, nicotinamide, sodium tartrate, licorice powder, threonine, 5 '-calcium inosinate, 5' -dipotassium inosinate, inosine, guanylate, dihydrochalcone and water-soluble idebenone according to a mass ratio of 120:30:33:25:16:60:50:47:23:29:37:33:83:23:12:11:13:3:3: 47.
The preparation method of the water-soluble idebenone comprises the following steps:
mixing trichloro-sulfur phosphorus, choline derivative, propylamine and propionitrile according to the mass ratio of 13:16:8:70 at-5 ℃, and stirring at the rotating speed of 150rpm for 2 hours to obtain choline phosphoryl chloride; the choline derivative is a mixture of choline chloride and citicoline in a mass ratio of 1: 1.
Mixing idebenone and propionitrile according to the mass ratio of 27:52 at 12 ℃, and stirring at the rotating speed of 150rpm for 40min to obtain an idebenone-propionitrile solution;
thirdly, mixing the choline phosphoryl chloride obtained in the step I, the idebenone-propionitrile solution obtained in the step II and diethylamine according to the mass ratio of 31:35:10, and stirring at the rotating speed of 150rpm for 5 hours at the temperature of 8 ℃ to obtain an intermediate;
fourthly, mixing the intermediate obtained in the third step with deionized water according to the mass ratio of 12:5 at 15 ℃, and stirring for 2 hours at the rotating speed of 150 rpm; then heating to 28 ℃ and continuously stirring at the rotating speed of 150rpm for 3 hours to obtain a reaction product;
fifthly, cooling the reaction product obtained in the step IV to 4 ℃, and washing the reaction product for 1 hour by using absolute ethyl alcohol; the mass ratio of the reaction product to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1:3, and the washing flow rate of the absolute ethyl alcohol is 20 mL/min; subsequently, the water-soluble idebenone was obtained by drying at-20 ℃ under a vacuum of 100Pa until a powdery solid was obtained.
Comparative example 3
A preparation method of pig feed comprises the following steps: mixing 35 parts by weight of soybean germ powder, 90 parts by weight of puffed corn powder, 55 parts by weight of soybean meal, 30 parts by weight of rice hull powder, 20 parts by weight of kelp powder, 5 parts by weight of salt, 0.8 part by weight of vitamin A, 0.001 part by weight of D-biotin and 0.2 part by weight of probiotics at room temperature, and stirring at the rotating speed of 80rpm for 25min to obtain the pig feed.
The probiotics are a mixture of clostridium butyricum and enterococcus faecalis according to the mass ratio of 1: 1.
Comparative example 4
A preparation method of pig feed comprises the following steps: mixing 35 parts by weight of soybean germ powder, 90 parts by weight of puffed corn powder, 55 parts by weight of soybean meal, 30 parts by weight of rice hull powder, 20 parts by weight of kelp powder, 5 parts by weight of salt, 0.8 part by weight of vitamin A, 0.001 part by weight of D-biotin, 0.2 part by weight of probiotics and 10 parts by weight of pig feed additive at room temperature, and stirring at the rotating speed of 80rpm for 25min to obtain the pig feed.
The probiotics are a mixture of clostridium butyricum and enterococcus faecalis according to the mass ratio of 1: 1.
The pig feed additive is prepared by mixing yeast culture, calcium hydrophosphate, guanidinoacetic acid, dihydropyridine, cysteamine hydrochloride, copper gluconate, ferrous gluconate, zinc malate, sodium pantothenate, folic acid, nicotinamide, sodium tartrate, licorice powder, threonine, 5 '-calcium inosinate, 5' -dipotassium inosinate, inosine, guanylate, dihydrochalcone and idebenone according to a mass ratio of 120:30:33:25:16:60:50:47:23:29:37:33:83:23:12:11:13:3:3: 47.
Example 4
A preparation method of pig feed comprises the following steps: mixing 35 parts by weight of soybean germ powder, 90 parts by weight of puffed corn powder, 55 parts by weight of soybean meal, 30 parts by weight of rice hull powder, 20 parts by weight of kelp powder, 5 parts by weight of salt, 0.8 part by weight of vitamin A, 0.001 part by weight of D-biotin, 0.2 part by weight of probiotics, 10 parts by weight of pig feed additive and 2 parts by weight of functional auxiliary materials at room temperature, and stirring at the rotating speed of 80rpm for 25min to obtain the pig feed.
The probiotics are a mixture of clostridium butyricum and enterococcus faecalis according to the mass ratio of 1: 1.
The functional auxiliary materials are prepared by the following method: adding 20 parts by weight of zeolite powder into 50 parts by weight of 7.5 wt% ammonium acetate aqueous solution, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 15min at an ultrasonic frequency of 25kHz and an ultrasonic power of 200W; heating at 65 deg.C for 3 hr, centrifuging, drying the precipitate at 100 deg.C for 2.5 hr, and calcining at 400 deg.C for 5.5 hr to obtain pretreated zeolite powder; adding 10 parts by weight of the pretreated zeolite powder, 0.3 part by weight of 1, 4-butanediamine and 0.7 part by weight of glutamine dipeptide into 30 parts by weight of deionized water, and stirring for 30min at the stirring speed of 150 rpm; centrifuging, drying the precipitate at 80 deg.C for 7 hr, and grinding.
The pig feed additive is prepared by mixing yeast culture, calcium hydrophosphate, guanidinoacetic acid, dihydropyridine, cysteamine hydrochloride, copper gluconate, ferrous gluconate, zinc malate, sodium pantothenate, folic acid, nicotinamide, sodium tartrate, licorice powder, threonine, 5 '-calcium inosinate, 5' -dipotassium inosinate, inosine, guanylate, dihydrochalcone and water-soluble idebenone according to a mass ratio of 120:30:33:25:16:60:50:47:23:29:37:33:83:23:12:11:13:3:3: 47.
The preparation method of the water-soluble idebenone comprises the following steps:
mixing trichloro-sulfur phosphorus, choline derivative, propylamine and propionitrile according to the mass ratio of 13:16:8:70 at-5 ℃, and stirring at the rotating speed of 150rpm for 2 hours to obtain choline phosphoryl chloride; the choline derivative is a mixture of choline salicylate and citicoline in a mass ratio of 1: 1.
Mixing idebenone and propionitrile according to the mass ratio of 27:52 at 12 ℃, and stirring at the rotating speed of 150rpm for 40min to obtain an idebenone-propionitrile solution;
thirdly, mixing the choline phosphoryl chloride obtained in the step I, the idebenone-propionitrile solution obtained in the step II and diethylamine according to the mass ratio of 31:35:10, and stirring at the rotating speed of 150rpm for 5 hours at the temperature of 8 ℃ to obtain an intermediate;
fourthly, mixing the intermediate obtained in the third step with deionized water according to the mass ratio of 12:5 at 15 ℃, and stirring for 2 hours at the rotating speed of 150 rpm; then heating to 28 ℃ and continuously stirring at the rotating speed of 150rpm for 3 hours to obtain a reaction product;
fifthly, cooling the reaction product obtained in the step IV to 4 ℃, and washing the reaction product for 1 hour by using absolute ethyl alcohol; the mass ratio of the reaction product to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1:3, and the washing flow rate of the absolute ethyl alcohol is 20 mL/min; subsequently, the water-soluble idebenone was obtained by drying at-20 ℃ under a vacuum of 100Pa until a powdery solid was obtained. The pig feed prepared in example 4 was tested according to the method of test example 2, and the average daily gain of the weaned pigs fed with the pig feed prepared in example 4 (28 days of feeding cycle) was 0.5402kg, and the diarrhea rate was 0.36%.
Comparative example 5
A preparation method of pig feed comprises the following steps: mixing 35 parts by weight of soybean germ powder, 90 parts by weight of puffed corn powder, 55 parts by weight of soybean meal, 30 parts by weight of rice hull powder, 20 parts by weight of kelp powder, 5 parts by weight of salt, 0.8 part by weight of vitamin A, 0.001 part by weight of D-biotin, 0.2 part by weight of probiotics, 10 parts by weight of pig feed additive and 2 parts by weight of functional auxiliary materials at room temperature, and stirring at the rotating speed of 80rpm for 25min to obtain the pig feed.
The probiotics are a mixture of clostridium butyricum and enterococcus faecalis according to the mass ratio of 1: 1.
The functional auxiliary material is zeolite powder.
The pig feed additive is prepared by mixing yeast culture, calcium hydrophosphate, guanidinoacetic acid, dihydropyridine, cysteamine hydrochloride, copper gluconate, ferrous gluconate, zinc malate, sodium pantothenate, folic acid, nicotinamide, sodium tartrate, licorice powder, threonine, 5 '-calcium inosinate, 5' -dipotassium inosinate, inosine, guanylate, dihydrochalcone and water-soluble idebenone according to a mass ratio of 120:30:33:25:16:60:50:47:23:29:37:33:83:23:12:11:13:3:3: 47.
The preparation method of the water-soluble idebenone comprises the following steps:
mixing trichloro-sulfur phosphorus, choline derivative, propylamine and propionitrile according to the mass ratio of 13:16:8:70 at-5 ℃, and stirring at the rotating speed of 150rpm for 2 hours to obtain choline phosphoryl chloride; the choline derivative is a mixture of choline salicylate and citicoline in a mass ratio of 1: 1.
Mixing idebenone and propionitrile according to the mass ratio of 27:52 at 12 ℃, and stirring at the rotating speed of 150rpm for 40min to obtain an idebenone-propionitrile solution;
thirdly, mixing the choline phosphoryl chloride obtained in the step I, the idebenone-propionitrile solution obtained in the step II and diethylamine according to the mass ratio of 31:35:10, and stirring at the rotating speed of 150rpm for 5 hours at the temperature of 8 ℃ to obtain an intermediate;
fourthly, mixing the intermediate obtained in the third step with deionized water according to the mass ratio of 12:5 at 15 ℃, and stirring for 2 hours at the rotating speed of 150 rpm; then heating to 28 ℃ and continuously stirring at the rotating speed of 150rpm for 3 hours to obtain a reaction product;
fifthly, cooling the reaction product obtained in the step IV to 4 ℃, and washing the reaction product for 1 hour by using absolute ethyl alcohol; the mass ratio of the reaction product to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1:3, and the washing flow rate of the absolute ethyl alcohol is 20 mL/min; subsequently, the water-soluble idebenone was obtained by drying at-20 ℃ under a vacuum of 100Pa until a powdery solid was obtained. When the pig feed prepared in comparative example 5 was tested according to the method of test example 2, the average daily gain of the weaned pigs fed with the pig feed prepared in comparative example 5 (28 days of feeding cycle) was 0.5383kg, and the diarrhea rate was 0.48%.
Test example 1
Free radical scavenging ability test: dissolving 1mgPTIO in 20mL of deionized water at 20 ℃, and treating for 5min by using ultrasonic waves with power of 300w and frequency of 35kHz to obtain PTIO standard liquid; preparing the water-soluble idebenone prepared in the embodiment and the comparative example into 1mg/mL of solution to be tested at 20 ℃; subjecting the PTIO standard solution and the solution to be tested to 20 DEG CAnd measuring the light absorption value at 560nm after 30min of reaction to obtain the clearance rate of PTIO by water-soluble idebenone. Clearance rate ═ a0-A)/A0X 100% where A0Is a of a pre-reaction system560nmA value; a is A of a system after reaction560nmThe value is obtained. Parallel 3 groups, take the average.
TABLE 1 clearance of PTIO by water-soluble idebenone
Example 1 is superior to examples 2-3 and comparative examples 1-2; this is because: choline and phosphate groups with strong hydrophilicity are introduced into the molecular structure of idebenone, so that the water solubility of idebenone is greatly enhanced, and the capability of removing free radicals of idebenone in a PTIO aqueous solution is enhanced; the choline salicylate and the citicoline have groups with stronger reactivity, so that idebenone with better water solubility can be prepared, and after the choline salicylate and the citicoline are compounded, the water solubility of the prepared water-soluble idebenone can be further improved due to the existence of the different functional groups of the two choline derivatives.
Test example 2
Pig growth condition test: randomly dividing 150 weaned piglets with average weight of 8kg (male-female ratio of 1:1) into 5 groups, and 30 piglets in each group; the pig feeds prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 3 to 4 were fed, respectively; the feeding period is 28 d; the daytime temperature of the feeding environment is (29 +/-1) ° C, the nighttime temperature is (24 +/-1) ° C, and the relative humidity is (65 +/-5)%; the field test is strictly carried out according to the routine test management of a pig farm, and each group of piglets is fed at 07:00, 10:00, 14:00 and 17:00 respectively; weighing weaned piglets on empty stomach on days 1 and 28 in the feeding period, and calculating average daily gain; observing whether the weaned piglets have diarrhea every day, recording the daily diarrhea number of each group of piglets, and calculating the diarrhea rate: the diarrhea rate (%) (% diarrhea/(number of test pigs × number of test days) × 100%. The number of diarrhea refers to the total number of pigs with diarrhea occurring within 28 days. The average value was taken for each test item.
TABLE 2 Effect of pig feed on growth of weaned piglets
Example 1 is superior to examples 2-3 and comparative example 4; this is because: the idebenone prepared by the specific method of the invention is easier to be uniformly dispersed in the water-doped feed due to the increased water solubility of the idebenone, so that the idebenone can only be effectively taken by pigs, and after the feed is taken as a medium and enters the bodies of the pigs, the idebenone can more easily pass through tissues such as small intestinal villus cells of the pigs, enters blood and is diffused to the whole body cells of the pigs to play the role of antioxidation and the like. After the obtained water-soluble idebenone enters a pig body and plays a role in resisting oxidation of the idebenone, the different functional groups of the choline salicylate and the citicoline in the water-soluble idebenone can be reduced into the choline salicylate and the citicoline, the choline salicylate has the functions of resisting inflammation and easing pain, the citicoline can inhibit the brain cortex electroencephalogram wakefulness reaction and the rise of the muscle evoked potential threshold caused by stimulating the cerebral cortex, and can promote the functions of an ascending reticular activating system and a cone system, so that the consciousness level and the motor function are improved, the biosynthesis of phospholipids can be promoted, the phospholipid metabolism is improved, the respiratory function of mitochondria is improved, the immunity of the pig is further improved, and the growth of the pig is promoted; idebenone can effectively activate cell respiration and cell metabolism, improve energy metabolism and glucose utilization rate, and can strongly scavenge free radicals in vivo, thereby playing an anti-inflammatory role, and is a non-specific immunopotentiator, but the water solubility of idebenone is poor, so that the invention aims to improve the water solubility of idebenone and exert strong antioxidation effect thereof, thereby obtaining the pig feed capable of enhancing the immunity of pigs and promoting the growth of pigs. The clostridium butyricum has strong intestinal regulation effect, can inhibit pathogenic bacteria in the intestinal tract of pigs, promotes the proliferation and development of beneficial flora (bifidobacteria and the like) in the intestinal tract of pigs, inhibits the growth and the reproduction of harmful bacteria and putrefying bacteria in the intestinal tract, corrects the disturbance of the flora in the intestinal tract, reduces the occurrence of enterotoxin, can generate substances such as B vitamins, vitamin K, amylase and the like in the intestinal tract of pigs, has health care effect, and the main metabolite butyric acid of the clostridium butyricum is a main nutrient substance for the regeneration and the repair of epithelial tissue cells in the intestinal tract of pigs; enterococcus faecalis is beneficial to the physical health of animals under normal conditions, can generate natural antibiotics to play a role in bacteriostasis, and can improve the microcirculation of intestinal tracts so as to reduce the reproduction of bacteria and putrefying bacteria and reduce the absorption of toxins in vivo.
Test example 3
Pork shearing force test: dividing 150 weaned piglets with average weight of 8kg (male-female ratio of 1:1) into 5 groups, and dividing each group into 30 piglets; the pig feeds prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 3 to 4 were fed, respectively; the feeding period is from the time of weaning to the time of being delivered for seven months; the daytime temperature of the feeding environment is (29 +/-1) ° C, the nighttime temperature is (24 +/-1) ° C, and the relative humidity is (65 +/-5)%; the field test is strictly carried out according to the routine test management of a pig farm, and pigs of each group are fed at the ratio of 07:00, 10:00, 14:00 and 17:00 respectively; when the pig reaches the age of seven months, the pig is slaughtered, and the ham meat is taken and cut into a square block shape with the size of 2cm multiplied by 1cm according to the muscle fiber direction to be used as a sample to be measured for measuring the shearing force of the ham meat of the pig. Shear strength of the hind leg meat was measured in texture multiaspect analysis (TPA) mode: compressing the sample for 3 times by using a P/25 flat-bottom cylindrical probe, wherein the probe speed before/during/after the test is respectively 2.0mm/s, 1.5mm/s and 5.0mm/s, the probe compression ratio is 40 percent, and the retention time of the probe is 5 s; the shear force of the ham was measured using an A/CKB probe, and the probe rates before/during/after the test were 2.0mm/s, 1.0mm/s, 2.0mm/s, and the deformation amount was 95% respectively, and the tests were performed 4 times in total, and the average value was taken.
TABLE 3 influence of pig feed fed in examples and comparative examples on pork shearing force of pigs
| Shear force/N | |
| Example 1 | 4.0 |
| Example 2 | 3.8 |
| Example 3 | 3.7 |
| Comparative example 3 | 3.1 |
| Comparative example 4 | 3.4 |
It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limited. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of pig feed is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: mixing soybean germ powder, puffed corn powder, soybean meal, rice hull powder, kelp powder, salt, vitamin A, D-biotin, probiotics and pig feed additive at room temperature, and stirring to obtain pig feed.
2. The method for preparing a pig feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: mixing 30-50 parts by weight of soybean germ powder, 80-100 parts by weight of puffed corn flour, 50-60 parts by weight of soybean meal, 25-35 parts by weight of rice hull powder, 10-30 parts by weight of kelp powder, 3-6 parts by weight of salt, 0.5-1 part by weight of vitamin A, 0.0005-0.001 part by weight of D-biotin, 0.1-0.3 part by weight of probiotics and 6-15 parts by weight of pig feed additive at room temperature, and stirring at the rotating speed of 50-100rpm for 20-30min to obtain the pig feed.
3. The method for preparing a pig feed according to claim 2, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: mixing 30-50 parts by weight of soybean germ powder, 80-100 parts by weight of puffed corn flour, 50-60 parts by weight of soybean meal, 25-35 parts by weight of rice hull powder, 10-30 parts by weight of kelp powder, 3-6 parts by weight of salt, 0.5-1 part by weight of vitamin A, 0.0005-0.001 part by weight of D-biotin, 0.1-0.3 part by weight of probiotics, 6-15 parts by weight of pig feed additive and 1-3 parts by weight of functional auxiliary materials at room temperature, and stirring at the rotating speed of 50-100rpm for 20-30min to obtain the pig feed.
4. A method of preparing a pig feed according to claim 3, characterized in that: the functional auxiliary materials are prepared by the following method: adding 15-25 parts by weight of zeolite powder into 40-60 parts by weight of 5-8 wt% ammonium acetate aqueous solution, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10-20min at an ultrasonic frequency of 20-30kHz and an ultrasonic power of 100-; heating at 50-70 deg.C for 2-5h, centrifuging, drying the precipitate at 90-100 deg.C for 2-3h, calcining at 500 deg.C for 5-7h to obtain pretreated zeolite powder; adding 6-12 parts by weight of the pretreated zeolite powder, 0.1-0.5 part by weight of 1, 4-butanediamine and 0.5-1 part by weight of glutamine dipeptide into 20-35 parts by weight of water, and stirring for 25-35min at a stirring speed of 100-200 rpm; centrifuging, drying the precipitate at 70-90 deg.C for 5-8 hr, and grinding.
5. A process for preparing a pig feed according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the pig feed additive is prepared by mixing yeast culture, calcium hydrophosphate, guanidinoacetic acid, dihydropyridine, cysteamine hydrochloride, copper gluconate, ferrous gluconate, zinc malate, sodium pantothenate, folic acid, nicotinamide, sodium tartrate, licorice powder, threonine, 5 '-calcium inosinate, 5' -dipotassium inosinate, inosine, guanylate, dihydrochalcone and water-soluble idebenone according to the mass ratio of (100) 150), (25-35), (27-35), (15-30), (10-20), (40-80), (25-65), (40-50), (20-25), (27-33), (33-41), (27-35), (75-90), (10-30), (5-15), (3-15), (1-15), (0.1-5) and (40-55) .
6. A process for preparing a pig feed according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the probiotics are clostridium butyricum and/or enterococcus faecalis.
7. The method of preparing a pig feed according to claim 5, wherein the water-soluble idebenone is prepared by:
mixing trichloro-sulfur, choline derivatives, propylamine and propionitrile according to the mass ratio of (10-15) to (12-20) to (5-12) to (65-75) at (-7) - (-2) DEG C, and stirring at the rotating speed of 200rpm for 1.5-3h to obtain choline phosphoryl chloride;
mixing idebenone and propionitrile according to the mass ratio of (25-30) to (48-60) at 11-15 ℃, and stirring at the rotating speed of 120-200rpm for 30-50min to obtain an idebenone-propionitrile solution;
mixing the choline phosphoryl chloride obtained in the step I, the idebenone-propionitrile solution obtained in the step II and diethylamine according to the mass ratio of (28-32), (33-37), (8-13) and stirring at the rotating speed of 120 plus materials and 200rpm for 4-7 hours at the temperature of 6-9 ℃ to obtain an intermediate;
fourthly, mixing the intermediate obtained in the third step and water according to the mass ratio of (10-15) to (3-7) at the temperature of 14-17 ℃ and stirring for 1-3h at the rotating speed of 120-200 rpm; then heating to 26-30 ℃ and continuously stirring at the rotating speed of 120-200rpm for 2-4h to obtain a reaction product;
fifthly, cooling the reaction product obtained in the step IV to 3-6 ℃, and washing the reaction product for 0.5-2h by using absolute ethyl alcohol; the mass ratio of the reaction product to the absolute ethyl alcohol is (0.8-1.3) to (2.7-4), and the washing flow rate of the absolute ethyl alcohol is 15-23 mL/min; then, drying at (-25) - (-18) DEG C under a vacuum degree of 80-110Pa until a powdery solid is obtained to obtain the water-soluble idebenone; the choline derivative is choline salicylate and/or citicoline.
8. A pig feed prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. A pig feed additive is characterized in that: yeast culture, calcium hydrophosphate, glycocyamine, dihydropyridine, cysteamine hydrochloride, copper gluconate, ferrous gluconate, zinc malate, sodium pantothenate, folic acid, nicotinamide, sodium tartrate, licorice powder, threonine, 5 '-calcium inosinate, 5' -dipotassium inosinate, inosine, sodium guanylate, dihydrochalcone and water-soluble idebenone according to the mass ratio (100-) -150): (25-35): (27-35): (15-30): (10-20): (40-80): (25-65): (40-50): (20-25): (27-33): (33-41): (27-35): (75-90): (10-30): (5-15): (3-15): (1-15): (0.1-5): (0.1-5): (40-55) mixing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
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| CN113100346A (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-07-13 | 重庆农笑农业发展有限公司 | Pig feed capable of improving immunity and promoting growth and preparation method thereof |
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