CN113424787A - Automatic ground material adding and distributing device for sea area culture raft - Google Patents

Automatic ground material adding and distributing device for sea area culture raft Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113424787A
CN113424787A CN202110736818.XA CN202110736818A CN113424787A CN 113424787 A CN113424787 A CN 113424787A CN 202110736818 A CN202110736818 A CN 202110736818A CN 113424787 A CN113424787 A CN 113424787A
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China
Prior art keywords
slow release
release cylinder
raft
water inlet
material distributor
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Pending
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CN202110736818.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王昆
赵海勃
宋伦
吴金浩
王召会
宋广军
李楠
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LIAONING OCEAN AND FISHERIES SCIENCE RESEARCH INSTITUTE
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LIAONING OCEAN AND FISHERIES SCIENCE RESEARCH INSTITUTE
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Priority to CN202110736818.XA priority Critical patent/CN113424787A/en
Publication of CN113424787A publication Critical patent/CN113424787A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/80Feeding devices
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C23/00Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/10Culture of aquatic animals of fish
    • A01K61/13Prevention or treatment of fish diseases
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/04Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
    • A01K63/042Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12NMICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N1/00Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/12Unicellular algae; Culture media therefor
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/60Fishing; Aquaculture; Aquafarming

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Virology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Cell Biology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of marine culture, in particular to an automatic feeding and distributing device for ground materials of a marine culture raft. The device comprises a floating board room, a slow release cylinder, a water inlet pipe, a material distributor, a flow divider, a flow dividing pipe and a submersible pump; the solar cell panel is arranged at the top of the floating board house body, and the material distributor is arranged in the house body; the slow release cylinder is positioned at the bottom of the house body, a feed inlet of the slow release cylinder is communicated with a discharge outlet of the material distributor, and a material slow release pipe is arranged in the slow release cylinder; the water inlet pipe is communicated with the water inlet of the slow release cylinder; the flow divider is communicated with a discharge hole of the slow release cylinder. The device can effectively solve the problems of uneven distribution of the bait in the raft area, high consumption of various materials, low flexibility and low utilization rate, improves the water exchange capacity of the raft area by changing the position of the water diversion port, improves the water quality and the habitat, further improves the biological capacity of the raft area, and finally achieves the purpose of improving the biological yield.

Description

Automatic ground material adding and distributing device for sea area culture raft
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of marine culture, in particular to an automatic feeding and distributing device for ground materials of a marine culture raft.
Background
In recent years, the rapid development of the mariculture industry objectively causes the overhigh density of the raft area culture, influences the water body exchange capacity of the raft area and hinders the material conveying. The cultivated varieties compete for bait, nutrients, living space and the like, and the problems caused in a short period are that the yield of the year is reduced, the risk resistance is weakened, the average weight of the individual is small, the disease resistance is weak, and the yield is easy to reduce. The quality of the cultivated variety can be degraded in the long term, and the capability of coping with large-scale diseases is weakened.
In order to solve the problems, chemical fertilizers and slow release fertilizers are bound on raft lines in the prior art, but the operation intensity is high, the operation intensity is highly dependent on the responsibility of personnel, individual problems can be only treated, the strain capacity is insufficient, various materials are still continuously released along with the reduction of illuminance at night and the reduction of photosynthesis, the utilization efficiency is reduced, and the material resources and financial resources are consumed greatly.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an automatic feeding and distributing device for materials in a sea area culture raft, which aims to solve the bottleneck problems of low water exchange capacity in a raft area, unsmooth transportation of materials required by organisms, lack of probiotics, nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers, silicates, trace elements, baits and the like in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides an automatic feeding and distributing device for ground materials of a sea area cultivation raft, which comprises a floating board room, a slow release cylinder, a water inlet pipe, a material distributor, a flow divider, a solar cell panel and a submersible pump; the floating board house comprises a house body and a floating ball I, wherein the bottom of the house body is connected with the floating ball I, buoyancy is provided through the floating ball I, a material distributor is arranged in the house body, and a solar cell panel is arranged at the top of the house body and used for providing required electric energy; the slow release cylinder is positioned at the bottom of the house body, a feed inlet of the slow release cylinder is communicated with a discharge outlet of the material distributor, and a material slow release pipe is arranged in the slow release cylinder; the water inlet pipe is communicated with a water inlet of the slow release cylinder; the flow divider is communicated with a discharge hole of the slow release cylinder; the submersible pump is positioned in the slow release cylinder, an inlet of the submersible pump is connected with the water inlet pipe, and the submersible pump is electrically connected with the solar cell panel.
In the above technical scheme, further, an upper cover is arranged on a feed port of the material distributor, a manual valve and an electromagnetic valve are arranged on a discharge port of the material distributor, and the electromagnetic valve is electrically connected with the solar cell panel.
In the technical scheme, the device further comprises a floating ball II, and the water inlet pipe penetrates through the floating ball II to be connected with the slow release cylinder.
In the above technical scheme, further, the device further comprises a shunt tube, the separation tube is connected with the shunt, and the material enters the raft area through the shunt tube.
In the above technical scheme, further, the material slow-release tube is detachably connected with the slow-release cylinder.
In the above technical scheme, further, the material slow release tube is a ceramic tube.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for filling and dispensing materials by using the above apparatus, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) the material to be added enters the material distributor through a feed inlet of the material distributor;
(2) introducing water outside the raft area into the slow release cylinder, controlling the materials in the material distributor to enter the slow release cylinder, and shunting the materials to the raft area through the shunt under the slow release action of the material slow release pipe.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the device can effectively solve the problems of uneven distribution of the bait in the raft area, low flexibility, low material utilization rate, high physical consumption of material distribution workers and the like, and improves the biological production of the raft area by changing the position of the water diversion port; moreover, under the condition of known sea area space water body exchange performance, a reasonable placing position is selected, and the effect of the device can be further improved.
The invention can adjust the starting of the submersible pump by utilizing the light energy radiation intensity, automatically adjust the amount of the fertilizer which can be dissolved slowly for a long time, and emergently disperse other materials such as medicines and the like when ecological disasters occur; and moreover, when the water body is lack of dissolved oxygen, an external emergency power supply can be switched on to start the submersible pump, and the submersible pump is pumped into the external water body, so that the dissolved oxygen required by the survival of water body organisms is supplemented.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a solar panel according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the material distributor of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the water inlet pipe of the present invention.
Wherein: 1. a house body; 2. a floating ball I; 3. a slow release cylinder; 4. a water inlet pipe; 5. a material dispenser; 6. a solar panel; 7. a material slow release tube; 8. a flow divider; 9. a shunt tube; 10. a submersible pump; 11. an upper cover; 12. manual valve, 13, electromagnetic valve; 14. and a floating ball II.
Detailed Description
Example 1
An automatic feeding and distributing device for ground materials of a sea area culture raft, as shown in figures 1-4, comprises a floating board room, a slow release cylinder 3, a water inlet pipe 4, a material distributor 5, a flow divider 8 and a submersible pump 10; the floating plate house comprises a house body 1 and a floating ball I2, wherein the bottom of the house body 1 is connected with the floating ball I2, buoyancy is provided through the floating ball I2, a solar cell panel 6 is arranged at the top of the house body 1, a material distributor 5 is arranged in the house body 1, an upper cover 11 is arranged on a feeding hole of the material distributor 5, a manual valve 12 and an electromagnetic valve 13 are arranged on a discharging hole of the material distributor 5, and the electromagnetic valve 13 is electrically connected with the solar cell panel 6; the slow release cylinder 3 is positioned at the bottom of the house body 1, a feed inlet of the slow release cylinder 3 is communicated with a discharge outlet of the material distributor 5, a material slow release pipe 7 is arranged in the slow release cylinder 3, and the material slow release pipe 7 is a ceramic pipe and is detachably connected with the slow release cylinder 3; the water inlet pipe 4 penetrates through the floating ball II 14 to be communicated with a water inlet of the slow release cylinder 3; the inlet of the submersible pump 10 is connected with the water inlet pipe, and the submersible pump 10 is electrically connected with the solar cell panel 6; the flow divider 8 is communicated with the discharge hole of the slow release cylinder 3, the separating pipe 9 is connected with the flow divider 8, and materials enter the raft area through the flow dividing pipe 9.
The method for adding, filling and distributing the materials by using the device comprises the following steps:
(1) the material to be added enters the material distributor 5 through the feed inlet of the material distributor 5;
(2) the water outside the introduced raft area enters the slow release cylinder 3 through the water inlet pipe 4 and the submersible pump 10, the materials enter the slow release cylinder 3 through the material distributor 5, the flow of the submersible pump 10 and the flow rate of the materials in the material distributor 5 are controlled, and the materials are shunted to the raft area through the shunt pipe 9 through the shunt pipe 8 under the slow release effect of the material slow release pipe 7.
Example 2
When an emergency plan needs to be started, for example, when ecological disasters occur and rapid distribution is needed, the flow rate of materials can be controlled by adjusting the manual valve 12; the time length and the frequency of material distribution are controlled by opening and closing the electromagnetic valve 13; the material release tube 7 can also be removed, at which time the material directly enters the raft area through the flow divider 8.
Example 3
When the water body environment is bad, for example, when the dissolved oxygen is lacked, the water body environment quality can be continuously improved in the daytime, an external emergency power supply can be switched on at night to start the submersible pump 10, and high-quality water outside the raft area is pumped into the raft area, so that the water quality requirement required by biological growth is met.
Test example 1
With the development of offshore aquaculture, the scale of shallow sea raft type shellfish culture in China is continuously enlarged, large-area culture floating rafts appear on the sea surface, the spatial arrangement of the whole raft body has certain influence on the hydrodynamic force exchange performance of a water body in a culture area, the hydrodynamic force exchange characteristics of the culture area and an adjacent sea area are changed, and meanwhile, the material transport and diffusion capacity of the sea area is weakened. The longitudinal direction of the raft body in the culture area is almost perpendicular to the main flow direction of tide, and the spatial layout of the raft body ensures that shellfish growth situations at the two outermost sides of the raft area are good, shellfish growth situations in the middle raft area are weaker, and even shellfish growth stagnation or death occurs. The reason is that the water power exchange condition of the culture area is limited by the influence of the raft body, so that the smoothness of bait conveying is hindered, and the supply of unicellular algae bait necessary for the growth of the shellfish in the middle sea area of the raft area is seriously insufficient.
The address is selected from a scallop cultivation raft area in Changhai county of Dalian city of Liaoning province, and the device is used for testing, and the specific process is as follows:
1. calculating the hydrodynamic force distribution characteristics of the sea area by using an empirical formula or a model test method, further evaluating the space exchange performance of the water body, and scientifically and reasonably determining the placement position
The optimal placement position is determined by numerical calculation to be that the longitudinal direction of the water inlet pipe of the raft body forms an angle of 88 degrees with the main flow direction of the tide and is almost perpendicular to the main flow direction of the tide. The area of the experimental culture area is about 4 mu, and the size of the board house is 7m multiplied by 7 m. Because the small-range culture area is selected for the experiment in the experimental example, aiming at the large-scale culture of the actual sea area, the setting function F of the board house comprises the position (x, y), the number n and the manufacture size (a x b), is related to the area A of the actual culture area, the species and the biomass (s, m) of the cultured organisms, the intensity and the flow direction (H, U, direct) of the tide, namely: f ═ F (a, s, m, H, U, direct).
2. The device of the invention is applied and observed in the area of the culture raft
The breeding variety is scallop, the bait is originally unicellular algae, the technical scheme of the invention is adopted to supplement nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers of nutrient salts required by the culture bait, the yield of the scallop is longitudinally compared and counted, and compared with the growth information of the same period in the prior art, the yield of the scallop of one age is increased by 20% compared with the same period, and the yield of the scallop of the second age is increased by 10% compared with the same period, thus proving that the technical scheme of the invention is really effective.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. An automatic feeding and distributing device for ground materials of a sea area culture raft is characterized by comprising a floating board room, a slow release cylinder, a water inlet pipe, a material distributor, a flow divider, a solar cell panel and a submersible pump;
the floating board house comprises a house body and a floating ball I, wherein the bottom of the house body is connected with the floating ball I, buoyancy is provided through the floating ball I, a material distributor is arranged in the house body, and a solar cell panel is arranged at the top of the house body and used for providing required electric energy;
the slow release cylinder is positioned at the bottom of the house body, a feed inlet of the slow release cylinder is communicated with a discharge outlet of the material distributor, and a material slow release pipe is arranged in the slow release cylinder;
the water inlet pipe is communicated with a water inlet of the slow release cylinder;
the flow divider is communicated with a discharge hole of the slow release cylinder;
the submersible pump is positioned in the slow release cylinder, an inlet of the submersible pump is connected with the water inlet pipe, and the submersible pump is electrically connected with the solar cell panel.
2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that an upper cover is arranged on the feeding hole of the material distributor, a manual valve and an electromagnetic valve are arranged on the discharging hole of the material distributor, and the electromagnetic valve is electrically connected with the solar panel.
3. The device as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a floating ball II, wherein the water inlet pipe passes through the floating ball II to be connected with the slow release cylinder.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a diverter tube, wherein the separator tube is connected to a diverter, and wherein the material enters the raft area through the diverter tube.
5. The device of claim 1, wherein the material slow release tube is detachably connected with the slow release cylinder.
6. The device of claim 1, wherein the material delivery tube is a ceramic tube.
7. A method for filling and dispensing items using the apparatus of any of claims 1-6, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) the material to be added enters the material distributor through a feed inlet of the material distributor;
(2) introducing water outside the raft area into the slow release cylinder through the water inlet pipe, controlling materials in the material distributor to enter the slow release cylinder, and shunting the materials to the raft area through the shunt under the slow release action of the material slow release pipe.
CN202110736818.XA 2021-06-30 2021-06-30 Automatic ground material adding and distributing device for sea area culture raft Pending CN113424787A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110736818.XA CN113424787A (en) 2021-06-30 2021-06-30 Automatic ground material adding and distributing device for sea area culture raft

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110736818.XA CN113424787A (en) 2021-06-30 2021-06-30 Automatic ground material adding and distributing device for sea area culture raft

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3419108A1 (en) * 1984-05-23 1985-11-28 Erwin 5942 Kirchhundem Löcker Feed dispenser for fish
CN102783446A (en) * 2012-07-30 2012-11-21 林淑琴 Solar-energy automatic temperature control feed trough
CN104285877A (en) * 2014-10-10 2015-01-21 浙江张老汉生态鳖业股份有限公司 Floating type aquaculture feed throwing and oxygenation device
CN107333692A (en) * 2017-08-29 2017-11-10 湖南中本智能科技发展有限公司 A kind of water surface floating charging device used for aquiculture
CN108925475A (en) * 2017-05-27 2018-12-04 苑春亭 In the bivalve raft cultivation method of remote bank sea area autumn supply biological feed
CN213168483U (en) * 2020-10-19 2021-05-11 艾美汉信疫苗(大连)有限公司 Overwater bacterium-throwing slow-release raft
CN213240121U (en) * 2020-09-30 2021-05-18 武汉境辉环保科技有限公司 Floating water quality monitoring ship

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3419108A1 (en) * 1984-05-23 1985-11-28 Erwin 5942 Kirchhundem Löcker Feed dispenser for fish
CN102783446A (en) * 2012-07-30 2012-11-21 林淑琴 Solar-energy automatic temperature control feed trough
CN104285877A (en) * 2014-10-10 2015-01-21 浙江张老汉生态鳖业股份有限公司 Floating type aquaculture feed throwing and oxygenation device
CN108925475A (en) * 2017-05-27 2018-12-04 苑春亭 In the bivalve raft cultivation method of remote bank sea area autumn supply biological feed
CN107333692A (en) * 2017-08-29 2017-11-10 湖南中本智能科技发展有限公司 A kind of water surface floating charging device used for aquiculture
CN213240121U (en) * 2020-09-30 2021-05-18 武汉境辉环保科技有限公司 Floating water quality monitoring ship
CN213168483U (en) * 2020-10-19 2021-05-11 艾美汉信疫苗(大连)有限公司 Overwater bacterium-throwing slow-release raft

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