CN113418900A - 一种超高比表面积和超高荧光强度的分子探针的合成方法 - Google Patents

一种超高比表面积和超高荧光强度的分子探针的合成方法 Download PDF

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CN113418900A
CN113418900A CN202110807307.2A CN202110807307A CN113418900A CN 113418900 A CN113418900 A CN 113418900A CN 202110807307 A CN202110807307 A CN 202110807307A CN 113418900 A CN113418900 A CN 113418900A
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孙旭平
杨春
许桐
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种以类石墨相的氮化碳为主的超高比表面积和荧光强度的分子探针的制备方法。本发明以三聚氰胺,不同孔径的MCM‑41为前驱体利用简单的热聚合法制备出不同直径的氮化碳纳米线,再将氮化碳纳米线均匀涂布到色层分析纸上,制备出具有超高荧光感应性能的纸质光敏传感器。该制备方法简便高效且价格低廉,可实现工业化批量生产。

Description

一种超高比表面积和超高荧光强度的分子探针的合成方法
技术领域
本发明属于分子探针制备技术领域,具体涉及一种分子探针复合材料的制备方法。
背景技术
随着工业化进程,能源与环境问题日益严重。某些重金属离子(砷、铅、汞、镉、铜等)超标,对生态环境带来了巨大破坏,严重危害人类健康,直接导致粮食与食品安全问题。对重金属离子的浓度及精准快速检测,是实现对污染控制与防治的先决技术。
目前对于重金属离子的精确检测的分析仪器主要有:原子吸收光谱(AAS)、原子发射光谱(AES)、原子荧光光谱(AFS)、X-射线荧光光谱法(XRF),以及紫外-可见分子吸收光谱法及电化学分析等方法。此类检测方法虽然精确度高,但是测试成本高,样品前期处理复杂,检测时间较长。近年来,基于荧光淬灭原理的荧光分子探针方法,有望实现对重金属离子高灵敏度、高精度、便捷快速的可视化检测。
发明内容
针对上述问题,本发明专利提出了一种具有超高比表面积和超高荧光强度类石墨相氮化碳(g-C3N4)复合分子探针的制备方法。
本发明的具体技术方案如下:
(1)选择不同孔径的介孔硅基MCM-41作为生长模板,用三聚氰胺进行热聚合反应得到g-C3N4
(2)利用二氧化硅在碱性条件下的可溶解性,得到不同直径的超细g-C3N4纳米线探针;
(3)将g-C3N4纳米线荧光探针均匀负载到色层分析纸上,制备纸质光敏传感器;
(4)通过对重金属污染性离子的荧光淬灭、选择效应、灵敏度,以及抗干扰能力的研究,优化基本材料(分子探针)结构与性能,从而获得具有超高荧光感应性能的三维纳米阵列传感器。
步骤(1)中分别将三聚氰胺和孔径为2nm,5nm和10nm的MCM-41充分混合(质量比为1:1);放置于马弗炉中退火,退火温度为500-600℃,时间为5h,退火过程的升温速率为10℃/min;
步骤(2)中加入0.1M NaOH溶液5-20mL,溶解去除MCM-41,得到不同直径的g-C3N4纳米线,再用去离子水充分洗涤三到五次;
步骤(3)中g-C3N4纳米线荧光探针利用丝网印刷技术均匀涂布到色层分析纸上,马弗炉中300-500℃退火,时间为2h,焙烧的升温速率为5℃/min。
本发明的有益效果是:
获得小批量生产合成具有超高比表面积和超高荧光强度g-C3N4复合分子探针的合成方法。
附图说明
图1为上述合成方法的流程示意图
图2为介孔硅基MCM-41模板生长g-C3N4模型图片
具体实施方式:
下面结合说明书附图和具体实施方式对本发明进一步进行说明:
(1)g-C3N4纳米线的制备
称取5g三聚氰胺和5g MCM-41(直径为2nm)置于研钵中,研磨均匀后转移到瓷坩埚中,再放入到500-600℃的马弗炉中煅烧5h,升温速率为10℃/min。将5-20mL 0.1M NaOH溶液加入到煅烧后得到的混合物中,溶解完MCM-41即得到直径为2nm的g-C3N4纳米线。调整MCM-41的直径,利用相同的制备方法可分别得到5nm的g-C3N4纳米线和10nm的g-C3N4纳米线。
(2)纸质光敏传感器的制备
称取2g g-C3N4分散到10mL的去离子水中,室温下搅拌均匀后,利用丝网印刷技术均匀涂布到色层分析纸上,放入300-500℃的马弗炉中煅烧2h,升温速率为5℃/min,制备出具有超高荧光感应性能的三维纳米阵列传感器。
应用实施例1:一种g-C3N4复合分子探针纸质光敏传感器的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)称取5g三聚氰胺和5g MCM-41(直径为2nm)置于研钵中,研磨均匀后转移到瓷坩埚中,再放入到500℃的马弗炉中煅烧5h,升温速率为10℃/min;
(2)将10mL 0.1M NaOH溶液加入到煅烧后得到的混合物中,溶解完MCM-41即得到直径为2nm的表面光滑的g-C3N4纳米线;
(3)称取2g g-C3N4分散到10mL的去离子水中,室温下搅拌均匀后,利用丝网印刷技术均匀涂布到色层分析纸上,马弗炉中300-500℃退火,时间为2h,焙烧的升温速率为5℃/min。
应用实施例2:一种g-C3N4复合分子探针纸质光敏传感器的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)称取5g三聚氰胺和5g MCM-41(直径为5nm)置于研钵中,研磨均匀后转移到瓷坩埚中,再放入到500℃的马弗炉中煅烧5h,升温速率为10℃/min;
(2)将10mL 0.1M NaOH溶液加入到煅烧后得到的混合物中,溶解完MCM-41即得到直径为5nm的表面光滑的g-C3N4纳米线;
(3)称取2g g-C3N4分散到10mL的去离子水中,室温下搅拌均匀后,利用丝网印刷技术均匀涂布到色层分析纸上,马弗炉中300-500℃退火,时间为2h,焙烧的升温速率为5℃/min。

Claims (4)

1.一种超高比表面积和超高荧光强度的分子探针的合成方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)g-C3N4纳米线探针的制备
称取5g三聚氰胺和5g MCM-41(直径为2nm)置于研钵中,研磨均匀后转移到瓷坩埚中,再放入到500-600℃的马弗炉中煅烧5h,升温速率为10℃/min。将5-20mL 0.1M NaOH溶液加入到煅烧后得到的混合物中,溶解完MCM-41即得到直径为2nm的g-C3N4纳米线。调整MCM-41的直径,利用相同的制备方法可分别得到5nm的g-C3N4纳米线和10nm的g-C3N4纳米线。
(2)纸质光敏传感器的制备
称取2g g-C3N4分散到10mL的去离子水中,室温下搅拌均匀后,利用丝网印刷技术均匀涂布到色层分析纸上,放入300-500℃的马弗炉中煅烧2h,升温速率为5℃/min,制备出具有超高荧光感应性能的三维纳米阵列传感器。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(1)中加入三聚氰胺和MCM-41质量比为1:1。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(1)溶解MCM-41的0.1M NaOH溶液的体积是5-20mL。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(2)中煅烧温度为300-500℃,煅烧时间为2h,煅烧过程的升温速率为5℃/min。
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