CN113412815A - Early weaning method for cashmere goat lambs - Google Patents
Early weaning method for cashmere goat lambs Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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Abstract
The invention discloses an early weaning method for cashmere goat lambs, which relates to the technical field of livestock breeding, and comprises the following steps: the born cashmere goat lambs eat the primary colostrum within 1 hour; the cashmere goat lambs are induced to be fed from 8 days old; the cashmere goat lambs were weaned 42 days after birth. According to the method for early weaning of the cashmere goat lambs, the breeding period of the ewes is shortened and the early development of the lambs is promoted through the early weaning of the lambs, so that the production period is greatly shortened, the labor intensity is reduced, the production cost is reduced, the economic benefit of sheep raising is improved, and the method is suitable for cashmere goat farms and large-scale farmers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of livestock breeding, in particular to an early weaning method for cashmere goat lambs.
Background
As an important economic growth point for increasing income and leading to richness of farmers, the sheep raising industry in China still has a plurality of problems at present. The prominent point is that mutton quality is poor and export competitiveness is low in China. International leading mutton export country mutton is mainly lamb, for example, new zealand lamb accounts for 70% of the total mutton yield, and 94% in the united states, while most of our country are old-aged mutton.
The mutton consumption of developed countries is mainly lamb mutton, the early weaning technology can promote the growth and development of lamb in later period, shorten the nonpregnant time of ewes and reduce the breeding cost, the lamb mutton production in China just starts in recent years, and the lamb early weaning technology enters the exploration stage. At present, domestic scholars have more researches on early weaning of lambs, but the research on the time for implementing early weaning of lambs has larger difference, no conclusion is formed, and no standard can be inquired.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides an early weaning method for cashmere goat lambs, which aims to solve the problems that the study on the early weaning time of the lambs by scholars in China is large in difference, no conclusion is formed, and no standard inquiry exists.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
according to a first aspect of the present invention, an early weaning method for cashmere goat lambs, said early weaning method comprising the steps of:
the born cashmere goat lambs eat the primary colostrum within 1 hour;
the cashmere goat lambs are induced to be fed from 8 days old;
the cashmere goat lambs were weaned 42 days after birth.
The invention relates to an early weaning method of cashmere goat lambs, which enables the born lambs to eat enough colostrums within 1 hour, which is very important for the whole life of the lambs, the lambs are respectively fed with milk for half an hour to be weaned at 42 days old in the morning and evening under the condition of grazing feeding management of the ewes, the ewes are milked, the lambs can be fed with milk replacer powder from 8 days old in the morning and evening to be weaned at 42 days old by a feeder, and the key is that the lambs must provide concentrate supplement, high-quality hay, mineral salt conversion and water from 8 days old, and the lamb is fed with early induction and meets the requirement of supply.
Furthermore, after the cashmere goat lambs eat the sufficient colostrums, the ewes are fed with the cashmere goat lambs in the morning and at night under the grazing feeding management condition for half an hour to 42 days of age for weaning, and the ewes are milked.
Further, after the cashmere goat lambs eat the colostrums, the cashmere goat lambs are fed with the milk replacer from 8 days old to 42 days old after weaning.
Further, the feeding amount of the milk replacer is 50 g/time.
Further, the food for inducing ingestion comprises a concentrate supplement, high-quality hay, mineral salt bricks and water.
Further, the high-quality hay is alfalfa.
The invention has the following advantages:
according to the method for early weaning of the cashmere goat lambs, the breeding period of the ewes is shortened and the early development of the lambs is promoted through the early weaning of the lambs, so that the production period is greatly shortened, the labor intensity is reduced, the production cost is reduced, the economic benefit of sheep raising is improved, and the method is suitable for cashmere goat farms and large-scale farmers.
According to the method for early weaning the cashmere goat lambs, the characteristic that the growth and development speed of the lambs is high in the early stage (within 6 months) is utilized, the early weaning is carried out on the cashmere goat lambs after 42 days, and the feed is supplemented during the weaning period, so that the nutrition required by the early growth and development of the lambs can be met, and the growth advantages and the production potential of the lambs are fully exerted; the early weaning can also promote the gastrointestinal function of the lamb to develop and mature as early as possible, especially the enhancement of the rumen function can increase the feed intake of cellulose, and a good physiological basis is laid for early fattening of the lamb, so as to achieve the expected fattening target in a short period.
The method for early weaning the cashmere goat lambs, disclosed by the invention, can be used for early weaning the cashmere goat lambs, so that the physiological function of ewes can be recovered as early as possible, the ewes are timely fattened to promote the ewes to estrus early and breed early, the breeding cycle of the ewes is shortened, the goal of two fetuses or three fetuses in one year of the ewes is realized, the breeding rate of the ewes is improved, and particularly, the fine breed ewes are fully utilized.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in terms of particular embodiments, other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention and that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The early weaning method of the cashmere goat lambs comprises the following steps:
the born cashmere goat lambs eat the primary colostrum within 1 hour;
after the down producing goat lambs eat the sufficient colostrums, the down producing goat lambs are induced to feed from 8 days old, and the down producing goat lambs are fed with milk respectively for half an hour to 42 days old in the morning and evening under the condition that the ewes are grazing, and then the ewes are milked. The food for induced ingestion comprises concentrate supplement, alfalfa, mineral salt bricks and water.
Example 2
The early weaning method of the cashmere goat lambs comprises the following steps:
the born cashmere goat lambs eat the primary colostrum within 1 hour;
after the cashmere goat lambs eat the sufficient colostrums, the cashmere goat lambs are induced to feed from 8 days old, and the cashmere goat lambs are fed with 50 g of milk replacer to 42 days old for weaning in the morning and evening by a feeding machine from 8 days old. The food for induced ingestion comprises concentrate supplement, alfalfa, mineral salt bricks and water.
Experimental example 1
The cashmere goat lambs weaned by the early weaning method in example 1 or example 2 were subjected to a short-term fattening test, which specifically comprises the following steps:
1. the unit of charge: alaska alliance animal husbandry and veterinary workstation
2. The test method comprises the following steps:
the experimental components are at the early stage of fattening and at the later stage of fattening; randomly selecting 100 lambs weaned by adopting the early weaning method of the invention at the beginning of the first fattening day, weighing the weight (before going out of a lap in the morning), marking and registering ear marks; the ewes were fed according to the standard in the morning and evening, grazed freely, drunk once a day, and provided with salt bricks (lick freely) in the pens.
After the milk is cut off at the age of 42 days, the lambs are continuously fed with food (comprising concentrate supplement, alfalfa, mineral salt bricks and water) for 7 days later and are transitionally fed to the growing period or the early stage of fattening. 1-60 days at the early stage of fattening: 300 g of concentrate supplement (No. 4 feed) and 150 g of alfalfa (75 g in the morning and 75 g in the evening) at the early stage of fattening are fed to each feed every day; free grazing, drinking once daily, providing salt blocks in pens (free licking); the nutritional level standard of the concentrate supplement at the early fattening stage comprises the metabolic energy of 10.08MJ/kg DM, crude protein of 18.68% DM and neutral detergent fiber of 29.50% DM.
The later stage of fattening is 61-120 days: every day, each feed is fed with 400 g of concentrate supplement (No. 5 feed) at the later stage of fattening (200 g in the morning and 200 g in the evening) and 250 g of alfalfa (125 g in the morning and 125 g in the evening); free grazing, drinking once daily, providing salt blocks in pens (free licking); the nutritional level standard of the finishing feed supplement at the later stage of fattening comprises the metabolic energy of 9.14MJ/kg DM, crude protein of 13.58% DM and neutral detergent fiber of 38.93% DM.
The fixed group of 30 lambs was weighed to fattened for 120 days each month later.
Control group: randomly selecting 30 lambs to weigh (before birth in the morning), marking and registering ear marks in a herdsman in the same Gazhu; according to the self feeding management method of the herdsman; the weight of the 30 lambs in the fixed group was later weighed monthly.
3. Place and time of implementation
The experimental group is in the Arisan left hand Bayanuo logaga Charantia; on the 5 th and 1 st 2019 days, 102 cashmere goat lambs with 1 month age (42 days of age on average) are weaned by the early weaning method of example 1 or example 2, the feeding of breast milk or milk replacer is stopped on the 5 th and 8 th days, the transition period of 7 days is reached, and the experiment is started on the 5 th and 15 th days.
The control group was prepared at 2019 on 15/5/15 days of alasin left hand Bayanuori Grooga Chaqingda Meng.
4. Procedure of experiment
Birth and early breeding of lambs
Since supplementary feeding was started one month before mating of the breeding ewe group in 2018, the 2019 spring lambs were concentrated on the birth in late 3 months. Allowing the lamb to eat enough colostrum as soon as possible, and stopping lactation twice in the morning and at night. At 8 days of age, concentrate (big), alfalfa, mineral salt bricks and water were provided in the trough.
(II) lamb early weaning and weighing
Early weaning is carried out on 162 lambs with the average age of 1 month in the experimental group in 2019, 5 months and 8 days, milk powder drinking water is provided for the lambs at noon for 1 time, and lambs feed, alfalfa and mineral salt bricks are provided within a circle; after the continuous feeding period lasts for 7 days, the next 7-day transition feeding period is started, the lamb is fed in the morning and evening, the lamb is mixed with the concentrate supplement in the early stage of fattening (the proportion is gradually increased to be completely replaced), grazing is carried out all day long, and water is drunk for 1 time at noon.
(III) lamb fattening (1 to 120 days)
300 g (150 g in the morning and 150 g in the evening) of concentrate supplement (No. 4 feed) and 150 g (75 g in the morning and 75 g in the evening) of alfalfa are fed to each feed in the early fattening period of 5 months and 15 days to 7 months and 14 days in 2019 every day; 400 g (200 g in the morning and 200 g in the evening) of concentrate supplement (5 material) and 250 g (125 g in the morning and 125 g in the evening) of alfalfa are fed to each of the feed in the later fattening period from 7 months to 15 months to 14 months in 2019 every day; free grazing, drinking water once daily, and providing salt blocks (free licking) in the pen. Weighing at 5 months and 15 days, 6 months and 15 days, 7 months and 15 days, 8 months and 15 days, and 9 months and 15 days respectively; the method comprises the steps of randomly selecting 30 weaning lambs to weigh (before the birth of a lap in the morning), marking and registering ear marks when the first fattening day of an experimental group begins; the weight of the 30 lambs in the fixed group was later weighed monthly. The control group was also weighed on the same day by the same method. The average body weights of the experimental group and the control group were calculated, respectively.
5. Results of the implementation
Table 1: average body weight of down producing goat in each feeding stage of weaning lambs
Table 2: average body weight gain of weaned cashmere goat
As can be seen from the experimental results in tables 1 and 2, the weight of 162 weaned cashmere goats in the fattening period (120 days) is increased by 16.0 kg on average; the average body weight gain is 8.2 kilograms in the early fattening period (1-60 days), and the average body weight gain is 7.8 kilograms in the later fattening period (61-120 days); the body weight of the control group (120 days) is averagely increased by 14.4 kg; the average body weight gain is 6.7 kg in the early period (1-60 days) and 7.7 kg in the later period (61-120 days). The average weight of the 120-scale fattening balance of the experimental group is heavier than that of the control group, and the fattening effect is obvious.
The difference of the average body weight gains of the experimental group and the control group is not large in each feeding stage, the early weaning method is successfully used for weaning the cashmere goat lambs, and after the cashmere goat lambs break breast milk, the ewes can be scientifically fed and milked.
6. Analysis of economic benefits
918 kilograms of supplemental alfalfa grass is fed at the early stage of fattening; 1530 kg of alfalfa is fed in a supplementary manner at the later fattening stage; 2448 kg of supplementary alfalfa is fed in the fattening period, each kg of alfalfa is 1.80 yuan, and the cost is 4406.40 yuan.
162 weaned lambs, 400.00 yuan/price only, 64800.00 yuan.
1836 kg of supplementary feeding concentrate at the early stage of fattening, 3.00 yuan per kg, and 5508.00 yuan per cost; 2448 kg of supplementary feeding concentrate at the later fattening period, wherein each kg of the supplementary feeding concentrate is 3.00 yuan, and the cost is 7344.00 yuan; the supplementary feeding cost of the concentrated feed in the fattening period is 12852.00 yuan.
The salt bricks used in the fattening period are 2 bricks and 80.00 yuan.
162 fattening lambs are slaughtered, 800.00 yuan/lamb, total 129600.00 yuan;
gross profit: 129600.00-64800.00-12852.00-80.00 ═ 51868.00 yuan.
Experimental example 2
The cashmere goat lambs weaned by the early weaning method in example 1 or example 2 were subjected to a short-term fattening test, which specifically comprises the following steps:
1. and a bearing unit: alaska alliance animal husbandry and veterinary workstation
2. Time and place of implementation: experimental group 101 lambs weaned using the early weaning method of example 1 or example 2 were carried out on an aralashang bayanohira brazilwood hardigagagachazakhstan starting at 2018, 9 and 6. In the control group 30 lambs weaned by the early weaning method of example 1 or example 2 were freely grazed in an agaxate left bayanuori conga khaloha beginning at 2018, 9 and 8 days.
3. Feeding management
(one) supplementary feeding group and weighing
The total number of 101 weaned lambs is 101, and the weaned lambs are fattened for 1 to 120 days, namely the fattening period is 4 months. Before leaving a pen in the morning and before entering the pen in the evening, each piece of the alfalfa and the concentrate are supplemented, free grazing is carried out, drinking water is carried out once a day, and salt bricks (free licking) are provided in the pen. Weighing is carried out before fattening begins, and then weighing is carried out once every 15 days.
(II) the nutrition level of the concentrate supplement and the feeding amount of the alfalfa and the concentrate supplement
1-60 days at the early stage of fattening: the nutritional level standard of the concentrate supplement at the early fattening stage comprises the metabolic energy of 10.08MJ/kg DM, crude protein of 18.68% DM and neutral detergent fiber of 29.50% DM. 150 g of alfalfa (75 g in the morning and 75 g in the evening) and 300 g of concentrate supplement (150 g in the morning and 150 g in the evening) at the early stage of fattening each day.
The later stage of fattening is 61-120 days: the nutritional level standard of the finishing feed supplement at the later stage of fattening comprises the metabolic energy of 9.14MJ/kg DM, crude protein of 13.58% DM and neutral detergent fiber of 38.93% DM.
The feeding amount of the alfalfa and the concentrate supplement: 250 g of alfalfa (125 g in the morning and 125 g in the evening) and 400 g of concentrate supplement (200 g in the morning and 200 g in the evening) at the later fattening stage are taken each day.
4. Results of the implementation
Table 3: average body weight of down producing goat in each feeding stage of weaning lambs
Table 4: average body weight gain of weaned cashmere goat
As can be seen from the experimental results in tables 3 and 4, the average weight of 101 weaned cashmere goats in the fattening period (120 days) is increased by 8.4 kg; the average body weight gain is 6.2 kg in the early fattening period (1-60 days), and the average body weight gain is 2.2 kg in the later fattening period (61-120 days); therefore, the weight gain of the body is faster in the early fattening period, and the growth and development rules of the weaned lambs of the cashmere goats are met.
The body weight of the control group (120 days) averagely increases by 6.2 kg; the average body weight gain is 5.2 kilograms in the early stage (1-60 days), and 1.0 kilogram in the later stage (61-120 days); the early-stage weight gain is faster, and the growth and development rules of the weaned lambs of the cashmere goats are met.
But the average body weight of the experimental group is increased by 2.2 kg compared with that of the control group; the average body weight of the experimental group is increased by 1.0 kg in the early fattening period (1-60 days) compared with that of the control group; the average body weight gain of the experimental group is 1.2 kg more than that of the control group in the later fattening period (61-120 days). The experimental results of the experimental group and the control group show that the purpose of fattening well can be achieved by scientifically supplementing the lambs weaned by the early weaning method.
5. Analysis of economic benefits
909 kg of supplementary feeding alfalfa in the early fattening period; 1515 kg of supplemental alfalfa is fed at the later stage of fattening; 2424 kilograms of supplemental alfalfa is fed in the fattening period, each kilogram of alfalfa is 1.80 yuan, and the cost is 4363.20 yuan.
1818 kg of supplementary feeding concentrate at early stage of fattening, 2.60 yuan per kg, and 4726.80 yuan per cost; 2424 kg of supplementary feeding concentrate at the later fattening period, wherein each kg of the supplementary feeding concentrate is 2.70 yuan, and the cost is 6544.80 yuan; the supplementary feeding cost of the concentrated feed in the fattening period is 11271.60 yuan.
The salt bricks used in the fattening period are 2 bricks and 80.00 yuan.
The total weight gain of 101 weaned cashmere goats, 856.8 kilograms and 68544.00 yuan per kilogram, is calculated according to 80.00 yuan;
68544.00-4363.20-11271.60-80.00 ═ 52829.20 yuan.
From the experimental results of experimental example 1 and experimental example 2, the following conclusions can be drawn:
under grazing condition, scientific supplementary feeding is carried out on the lambs weaned by the early weaning method, so as to achieve the goal of fattening.
And (II) weaning lambs and ewes of the cashmere goats are separated, and the supplementary feeding effect of the lambs is obvious. Under grazing conditions, whether supplementary feeding is needed or not and the quantity of supplementary feeding is determined according to the situation of the grassland at that time.
Thirdly, the early weaning method of the invention enables the lambs to eat colostrums in advance (within 1 hour), and the 8-day-old lambs start to provide the essence supplement and the high-quality hay, and pay attention to the feeding ability and the digestion and absorption ability of the bred lambs, namely the rumen development and the robust bone development.
And (IV) after the cashmere goat lambs are weaned by adopting the early weaning method, the ewes can be scientifically fed and milked, and can be bred under the condition of preparation, so that the purpose of two lambs in one year is achieved.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (6)
1. An early weaning method for cashmere goat lambs, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the born cashmere goat lambs eat the primary colostrum within 1 hour;
the cashmere goat lambs are induced to be fed from 8 days old;
the cashmere goat lambs were weaned 42 days after birth.
2. The method of early weaning according to claim 1, wherein said cashmere lambs are weaned by feeding them each half an hour to 42 days old in the morning and evening under grazing feed management after they have eaten their colostrum, and wherein said ewes are milked.
3. The method of early weaning according to claim 1, wherein the cashmere goat lambs are breastfed with the milk replacer from 8 days old to 42 days old from morning and evening by the breast feeder after the cashmere goat lambs eat the sufficient colostrum.
4. The early weaning method of claim 3, wherein said milk replacer is fed in an amount of 50 grams per serving.
5. The method of early weaning according to claim 1, wherein said diet used for induced feeding comprises fine feed, high quality hay, mineral salt bricks, and water.
6. The early weaning method of claim 5, wherein said quality hay is alfalfa.
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| CN107455324A (en) * | 2017-08-04 | 2017-12-12 | 兰州大学 | A kind of method for breeding by increasing powered milk substitute scale of feeding and time interval, promotion lamb fast-growth and early weaning |
| CN111034674A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-04-21 | 四川省草原科学研究院 | Nutritional feed set for feeding Tibetan lambs weaned in advance under grazing condition and method for feeding Tibetan lambs weaned in advance |
| CN111631189A (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2020-09-08 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 | Feeding method for improving survival rate of southern lambs |
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| CN107455324A (en) * | 2017-08-04 | 2017-12-12 | 兰州大学 | A kind of method for breeding by increasing powered milk substitute scale of feeding and time interval, promotion lamb fast-growth and early weaning |
| CN111034674A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-04-21 | 四川省草原科学研究院 | Nutritional feed set for feeding Tibetan lambs weaned in advance under grazing condition and method for feeding Tibetan lambs weaned in advance |
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