CN113398225A - 用于酒精性肝纤维化的中药 - Google Patents
用于酒精性肝纤维化的中药 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于酒精性肝纤维化的中药;该中药由原料药橄榄,芦荟,血竭,片姜黄,白蒺藜,六月雪,王不留行,石菖蒲,青皮,炒白芍,山楂和大枣制备而成;取上述除血竭、芦荟的各种原料药,加水浸泡,加热至沸腾后煎煮,药煮好后过滤、沉淀、再过滤、浓缩,加入血竭、芦荟及蜂蜜搅拌呈膏状即为膏剂;取上述除血竭、芦荟的原料药清洗烘干后再与血竭、芦荟混匀,破碎,细粉,过80~150目筛,所得药粉即为散剂,将粘合剂加入药粉中可制成丸剂,将药粉装入胶囊中可制成胶囊剂;该用于酒精性肝纤维化的中药针对酒精性肝纤维化的病因病机,具有清利肝胆湿热、解酒毒、疏肝理气、化痰通络、活血化瘀的作用,既重治,也重防,标本兼治。
Description
(一)、技术领域:
本发明属于中药领域,具体涉及一种用于酒精性肝纤维化的中药。
(二)、背景技术:
酒精性肝纤维化是因长期大量饮酒所致的肝纤维增生性疾病,是酒精性肝硬化的前期阶段。患者无特异性症状,会出现乏力、腹胀、肝区疼痛等症状。目前对酒精性肝纤维化并无特效治疗手段,多为对症治疗,以戒酒营养支持及抗炎保肝药物的干预治疗为主。酒精性肝纤维化属中医“酒疸”、“胁痛”、“臌胀”、“积聚”范畴,由于患者饮酒过度导致的酒伤肝脾、脾虚失运、肝血瘀积、气滞血瘀、聚湿成痰、痰浊郁结、瘀血阻滞而最终形成湿痰瘀阻互结、肝失疏泄,痹阻患者的肝脏脉络,从而引发酒精性肝纤维化。中医可发挥整体观念、辨证论治的优势,并以中医证候学、中医方剂学为基础,在酒精性肝纤维化的治疗中具有明显的优势。
(三)、发明内容:
本发明要解决的技术问题是:提供一种用于酒精性肝纤维化的中药,该中药针对酒精性肝纤维化的病因病机,具有清利肝胆湿热、解酒毒、疏肝理气、化痰通络、活血化瘀的作用,既注重治,也注重酒精入血、入肝之前的防,具有标本兼治功效。
本发明的技术方案:
本发明提供一种用于酒精性肝纤维化的中药,以重量份表示,该中药是由原料药橄榄6~12份、芦荟2~5份、血竭1~2份、片姜黄9~15份、白蒺藜9~12份、六月雪30~40份、王不留行30~60份、石菖蒲12~15份、青皮8~12份、炒白芍15~18份、山楂15~20份、大枣12~15份制备而成。
该中药可为膏剂、散剂、丸剂、胶囊剂中的任意一种。
膏剂的制备方法为:
a.按照上述的配比称取除血竭、芦荟的各种原料药,加水浸泡20~30分钟,水的加入量为6~10ml/g干药;
b.将浸泡好的原料药加热至沸腾后煎煮25~30分钟,药煮好后将药液用24~40目筛过滤;
c.将过滤后的药液静置沉淀至少2小时,再用80~120目筛过滤;
d.将过滤后的药液再煎煮浓缩,浓缩后,在药液煮沸状态下,加入按照上述配比称取的原料药血竭、芦荟及蜂蜜搅拌,至药液呈膏状即为膏剂。
散剂的制备方法为:按照上述配比称取各种原料药,将除血竭、芦荟的原料药清洗烘干,再将清洗烘干的各原料药与血竭、芦荟混匀、破碎、细粉、过80~150目筛,所得药粉即为散剂。
丸剂的制备方法为:按照上述配比称取各种原料药,将除血竭、芦荟的原料药清洗烘干,再将清洗烘干的各原料药与血竭、芦荟混匀、破碎、细粉、过80~150目筛,得到药粉,将粘合剂加入药粉中制成丸剂。
胶囊剂的制备方法为:按照上述配比称取各种原料药,将除血竭、芦荟的原料药清洗烘干,再将清洗烘干的各原料药与血竭、芦荟混匀、破碎、细粉、过80~150目筛,得到药粉,将药粉装入胶囊中制成胶囊剂。
本发明的积极有益效果:
1.本发明是针对酒精性肝纤维化的病因病机,结合临床实践经验研制而成,具有清利肝胆湿热、解酒毒、疏肝理气、化痰通络、活血化瘀的作用,标本兼治。
2.本发明不仅注重治,也注重酒精入血、入肝之前的防,不但对酒精在胃肠道阶段就发挥作用,可促使胃肠蠕动,加速酒精排泄,而且在酒精进入肝脏后发挥保肝解毒作用,加强了防醉、护肝之功效。
3.本发明服用方便,疗效佳,毒副作用小,药物有效成分利用率高。
本发明产品的各种原料药的药理为:
橄榄:性温,味酸、甘,无毒。主消酒。经研究发现橄榄汁具有良好的保肝作用,其作用与其所含小分子物质激活乙醇脱氢酶有关。
芦荟:性寒,味苦。入肝、大肠经。泻热通便,杀虫,凉肝。经研究表明,芦荟含芦荟大黄素、芦荟大黄素甙等,还含微量挥发油。有泻下作用,其作用部位主要在大肠。能抑制肿瘤生长。可增强机体免疫功能,促进创口再生愈合。还有抑菌、抗炎、护肝、镇静等作用。
血竭:性平,味甘、咸,入心、肝经。功效为敛疮生肌,行瘀止痛,活血止血。内服活血散瘀止痛。现代药理研究具有抗炎、抑菌等作用,可使血流通畅,防止血栓形成,可降低全血及血浆黏度。具有消炎、止血、镇痛、抗菌、抗肿瘤等多种药理作用。
片姜黄:性温,味辛、苦,入肝、脾经。功效为破血通经,行气止痛。现代药理研究,姜黄提取物之姜黄素、挥发油、姜黄酮以及姜烯、龙脑和倍半萜醇等,都有利胆作用,能增加胆汁的生成和分泌,并能促进胆囊收缩,而以姜黄素的作用为最强。
白蒺藜:性微温,味辛、苦,有小毒。归肝经。具有平肝疏肝,祛风明目的功效。现代药理研究,蒺藜茎叶粗皂苷对小鼠遭受高温、低温、缺氧及游泳等刺激均有明显的保护作用,并能对ACTH引起的VC含量下降起保护作用。具有强壮和抗衰老作用。
六月雪:性凉,味苦、辛,疏风解表,清热利湿,舒筋活络。《本草拾遗》记载六月雪能活血、凉血、疏肝泻湿、消肿止痛。现代药理学研究,主要运用于黄疸、流行性腮腺炎、肾性水肿、血尿及高血压等。
王不留行:性平,味苦,活血通经,下乳消肿,利尿通淋。王不留行配伍血竭破血消癥。现代药理研究具有抗肿瘤,利胆排石,镇痛作用。
石菖蒲:性温,味辛、苦,人心、胃、肝经。功效为芳香开窍,和中化湿。现代药理研究,缓解胃肠平滑肌痉挛,促进胆汁分泌的作用。
青皮:性温,味苦、辛。归肝、胆、胃经。功效疏肝破气,消积化滞。主治肝气郁滞证,食积气滞证。此外,取其破气散结之功,以用于治疗气滞血瘀所致的癥瘕积聚及久疟痞块等症。现代药理研究:对胃肠平滑肌表现为抑制效应,显著增加胆汁流出量,舒张胆囊平滑肌。
炒白芍:性微寒,味苦、酸。归肝、脾经。养血调经,敛阴止汗,柔肝止痛,平抑肝阳。现代药理研究:白芍提取物对D-半乳糖胺所致肝损伤和SGPT升高有明显的对抗作用,能使SGPT降低,并使肝细胞的病变和坏死恢复正常。另外,白芍对巨噬细胞的吞噬功能有增强作用。
山楂:性微温,味酸、甘。归脾、胃、肝经。消食健胃,行气散瘀,化浊降脂。现代药理研究,山楂中富含维生素C、B2、胡萝卜素及多种有机酸,口服能增加胃中消化酶的分泌,增强活性酶,促进消化,调节胃肠,抑制十二指肠平滑肌,增强胃平滑肌的收缩作用。另外,山楂及山楂黄酮能显著降低血清和肝脏丙二醛(MDA)含量,增强红细胞和肝脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性,同时可增加全血谷胱甘肽还原酶(GSH-Px)的活性。
大枣:性温,味甘。归脾、胃经。补中益气,养血安神,调和药毒。现代药理研究,大枣提取液有明显的清除O3-自由基作用,有抗脂质过氧化作用。
本发明药物配伍的合理性:
本方中橄榄护胃解酒毒、芦荟凉肝泻热通便为君药,血竭、片姜黄活血散瘀止痛为臣药,六月雪、王不留行活血清热利尿使酒毒从小便排出,白蒺藜、石菖蒲、青皮疏肝破气,畅中气,理气祛湿助芦荟清热祛湿之功,促使湿热从大肠排出共为佐药,山楂、炒白芍保肝生津,消积,大枣补中益气,调和药毒,可防芦荟苦寒伤胃。诸药合用,相辅相成,又相反相成。纵观全方,组方严谨,立法独到,在解酒护肝的同时,更紧扣畅中、彻下的分消大法,重点突出了药物的醒脾护胃保肝之功,又顾及了药物促进肠、膀胱排泄湿热之效,促使酒精的排泄,使酒精不进入或少进入肝脏,从而减轻对肝脏的损害。
本发明产品用于酒精性肝纤维化的中药临床应用病例统计:
1.病历资料:
近年来,用本发明产品丸剂治疗酒精性肝纤维化352例,其中男347例,女5例,病程最长者30余年,最短者3年。
2.疗效标准:
依据2019年中国中西医结合学会肝病专业委员修订的《肝纤维化中西医结合诊疗指南》与国家药品监督管理局制定发布的《中药新药临床研究指导原则》(2002年5月第1版),经整理,具体为:
显效症状及体征基本消失,肝功能指标正常或较原值下降50%以上,LSM值较原值下降50%以上;
有效症状及体征有所改善,肝功能指标正常或较原值下降25%以上,LSM值较原值下降25%以上;
无效症状及体征未见改善,肝功能未见改善,LSM值下降<25%或出现增加。
3.治疗方法:
以上患者均使用本发明丸剂产品治疗,每日三次,每次10克,温开水送服,共服120天。
4.治疗结果:
表1:治疗时间与临床疗效分析
组别 | 例数 | 显效 | 有效 | 无效 | 总有效 |
治疗组 | 352 | 184 | 146 | 22 | 93.75% |
所有痊愈病例均在3~5年内随访,未再复发。
下面列举近几年的一些典型病例说明:
病例1:王某,男性,48岁,公司职员,平时应酬多。因“肝区胀痛6月”就诊。患者精神、食欲可。否认肝病家族史,母亲为糖尿病患者。患者饮酒20年。中医查体为舌质暗红,舌体胖,有齿痕,苔黄腻,脉弦滑。肝功能检查示:总胆红素36umol/L,直接胆红素9.2umol/L,谷丙转氨酶48U/L,谷草转氨酶67U/L,传染病筛查均阴性。B超示:脂肪肝,LSM值:9.3kPa。属肝胆湿热型酒精肝纤维化。用本发明产品丸剂,以疏肝、健脾、清热、祛湿、活血治疗,并指导膳食营养调理。3月后疼痛消除,去医院检查,肝功能检查示:总胆红素13umol/L,直接胆红素4.2umol/L,谷丙转氨酶15U/L,谷草转氨酶21U/L,LSM值:5.9kPa。酒精肝纤维化痊愈,精神状态好,完全康复。随访3年无复发。
病例2:患者陈某,男,43岁,2017年9月18日初诊。主诉:患者右上腹部胀满不适。患者饮酒史10年余,现服用鳖甲煎丸抗纤维化治疗。近5个月来,右上腹部胀满不适加重,为求进一步诊治,前来就诊。症见:右上腹部胀满,纳差、乏力、面色萎黄,动则气短,双下肢轻度水肿,双上肢不自主颤动,大便不成形;舌质暗红,舌体稍胖,脉弦滑。肝功能检查示:总胆红素23umol/L,直接胆红素5.3umol/L,间接胆红素17.7umol/L,谷丙转氨酶28U/L,谷草转氨酶20U/L,总蛋白54g/L,血清白蛋白30g/L。乙肝病毒血清学标志物检查示:HBsAg、HBeAb、HBcAb均为阴性。B超检查示:肝弥漫性病变,LSM值:8.9kPa。诊断为酒精性肝纤维化,服用本发明产品丸剂共3个月,后经医院检查,酒精肝纤维化痊愈,LSM值:5.6kPa。肝功能检查示:总胆红素11umol/L,直接胆红素4.1umol/L,谷丙转氨酶23U/L,谷草转氨酶18U/L。精神状态好,右上腹部胀满消失,纳食正常。完全康复。随访3年无复发。
病例3:胡某,男,45岁,2016年12月1日就诊,主诉:间断右胁部隐痛1年余,既往长期饮酒史,情志不畅,口苦,乏力,纳差,大便粘滞,舌淡红,苔厚腻,脉弦滑。随来就诊,查肝功能检查示:总胆红素33umol/L,间接胆红素22.7umol/L,谷丙转氨酶68U/L,谷草转氨酶82U/L,血清白蛋白31g/L。B超检查示:肝脏弥漫性改变,LSM值:9.3kPa。诊断为酒精性肝纤维化,服用本发明产品丸剂,共3个月。复查:肝功能检查示:总胆红素17umol/L,谷丙转氨酶39U/L,谷草转氨酶22U/L,血清白蛋白35g/L。B超检查示:脂肪肝,LSM值:6.3kPa。患者右胁部疼痛明显减轻,大便改善,纳食正常。基本康复。随访3年无复发。
(四)、具体实施方式:
实施例一:用于酒精性肝纤维化的中药由原料药橄榄6份、芦荟2份、血竭2份、片姜黄9份、白蒺藜10份、六月雪30份、王不留行40份、石菖蒲12份、青皮8份、炒白芍15份、山楂15份、大枣12份制备而成。
该中药为膏剂。该膏剂的制备方法为:
a.按照上述配比称取除血竭、芦荟的各种原料药,加水浸泡30分钟,水的加入量为10ml/g干药;
b.将浸泡好的原料药加热至沸腾后煎煮30分钟,药煮好后将药液用40目筛过滤;
c.将过滤后的药液静置沉淀2小时,再用120目筛过滤;
d.将过滤后的药液再煎煮浓缩,浓缩后,在药液煮沸状态下,加入按照上述配比称取的原料药血竭、芦荟及蜂蜜搅拌,至药液呈膏状即为膏剂。
实施例二:用于酒精性肝纤维化的中药由原料药橄榄12份、芦荟5份、血竭2份、片姜黄12份、白蒺藜11份、六月雪40份、王不留行60份、石菖蒲15份、青皮12份、炒白芍16份、山楂16份、大枣15份制备而成。
该中药为散剂。该散剂的制备方法为:按照上述配比称取各种原料药,将除血竭、芦荟的原料药清洗烘干,再将清洗烘干的各原料药与血竭、芦荟混匀、破碎、细粉、过80~150目筛,所得药粉即为散剂。
实施例三:用于酒精性肝纤维化的中药由原料药橄榄12份、芦荟5份、血竭2份、片姜黄12份、白蒺藜11份、六月雪40份、王不留行60份、石菖蒲15份、青皮12份、炒白芍16份、山楂16份、大枣15份制备而成。
该中药为丸剂。该丸剂的制备方法为:按照上述配比称取各种原料药,将除血竭、芦荟的原料药清洗烘干,再将清洗烘干的各原料药与血竭、芦荟混匀、破碎、细粉、过80~150目筛,得到药粉,将粘合剂(枣花蜂蜜)加入药粉中制成丸剂,每丸中原料药重6g。
实施例四:用于酒精性肝纤维化的中药由原料药橄榄9份、芦荟3份、血竭1份、片姜黄15份、白蒺藜9份、六月雪36份、王不留行30份、石菖蒲13份、青皮10份、炒白芍18份、山楂20份、大枣13份制备而成。
该中药为胶囊剂。该胶囊剂的制备方法为:按照上述配比称取各种原料药,将除血竭、芦荟的原料药清洗烘干,再将清洗烘干的各原料药与血竭、芦荟混匀、破碎、细粉、过80~150目筛,得到药粉,将药粉装入0号胶囊中制成胶囊剂,每个0号胶囊内含有药粉0.5g。
实施例五:用于酒精性肝纤维化的中药由橄榄10份、芦荟4份、血竭2份、片姜黄10份、白蒺藜12份、六月雪38份、王不留行50份、石菖蒲14份、青皮12份、炒白芍17份、山楂18份、大枣14份制备而成。
该中药为膏剂。该膏剂的制备方法为:
a.按照上述配比称取除血竭、芦荟的各种原料药,加水浸泡20分钟,水的加入量为6ml/g干药;
b.将浸泡好的原料药加热至沸腾后煎煮25分钟,药煮好后将药液用24目筛过滤;
c.将过滤后的药液静置沉淀2.5小时,再用80目筛过滤;
d.将过滤后的药液再煎煮浓缩,浓缩后,在药液煮沸状态下,加入按照上述配比称取的原料药血竭、芦荟及蜂蜜搅拌,至药液呈膏状即为膏剂。
Claims (6)
1.一种用于酒精性肝纤维化的中药,其特征是:以重量份表示,所述中药是由原料药橄榄6~12份、芦荟2~5份、血竭1~2份、片姜黄9~15份、白蒺藜9~12份、六月雪30~40份、王不留行30~60份、石菖蒲12~15份、青皮8~12份、炒白芍15~18份、山楂15~20份、大枣12~15份制备而成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于酒精性肝纤维化的中药,其特征是:所述中药为膏剂、散剂、丸剂、胶囊剂中的任意一种。
3.根据权利要求2所述的用于酒精性肝纤维化的中药,其特征是:所述膏剂的制备方法为:
a.按照权利要求1所述的配比称取除血竭、芦荟的各种原料药,加水浸泡20~30分钟,水的加入量为6~10ml/g干药;
b.将浸泡好的原料药加热至沸腾后煎煮25~30分钟,药煮好后将药液用24~40目筛过滤;
c.将过滤后的药液静置沉淀至少2小时,再用80~120目筛过滤;
d.将过滤后的药液再煎煮浓缩,浓缩后,在药液煮沸状态下,加入按照权利要求1所述的配比称取的原料药血竭、芦荟及蜂蜜搅拌,至药液呈膏状即为膏剂。
4.根据权利要求2所述的用于酒精性肝纤维化的中药,其特征是:所述散剂的制备方法为:按照权利要求1所述的配比称取各种原料药,将除血竭、芦荟的原料药清洗烘干,再将清洗烘干的各原料药与血竭、芦荟混匀、破碎、细粉、过80~150目筛,所得药粉即为散剂。
5.根据权利要求2所述的用于酒精性肝纤维化的中药,其特征是:所述丸剂的制备方法为:按照权利要求1所述的配比称取各种原料药,将除血竭、芦荟的原料药清洗烘干,再将清洗烘干的各原料药与血竭、芦荟混匀、破碎、细粉、过80~150目筛,得到药粉,将粘合剂加入药粉中制成丸剂。
6.根据权利要求2所述的用于酒精性肝纤维化的中药,其特征是:所述胶囊剂的制备方法为:按照权利要求1所述的配比称取各种原料药,将除血竭、芦荟的原料药清洗烘干,再将清洗烘干的各原料药与血竭、芦荟混匀、破碎、细粉、过80~150目筛,得到药粉,将药粉装入胶囊中制成胶囊剂。
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