CN113396936A - Disease-preventing and insect-preventing composition and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Disease-preventing and insect-preventing composition and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113396936A CN113396936A CN202110452804.5A CN202110452804A CN113396936A CN 113396936 A CN113396936 A CN 113396936A CN 202110452804 A CN202110452804 A CN 202110452804A CN 113396936 A CN113396936 A CN 113396936A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/30—Microbial fungi; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
- A01N63/38—Trichoderma
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N27/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing hydrocarbons
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N33/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic nitrogen compounds
- A01N33/02—Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids
- A01N37/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system
- A01N37/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system having at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same aromatic ring system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
- A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/20—Bacteria; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
- A01N63/22—Bacillus
- A01N63/23—B. thuringiensis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/30—Microbial fungi; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
Abstract
The invention provides a disease-preventing and insect-preventing composition, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the composition comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: the composition is prepared from the following raw materials, by scientific ratio, the composition has an obvious synergistic effect on activity and insecticidal effect, has an obvious killing effect on crop pests, particularly has an optimal effect on snout moth's larva, aphids and thrips, and can also be used for preventing and treating various crop pathogens, particularly crop pathogenic bacteria, downy mildew, gray mold, rice blast, late blight and anthracnose.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural disease prevention and insect prevention, in particular to a disease prevention and insect prevention composition and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the increasing demand for environmental protection, the negative effects of the use of highly toxic pesticides on agricultural production and ecological environment are attracting wide attention worldwide, and the development and use of pesticides are strictly limited by environment and ecology in order to protect the living environment of human beings and the sustainable development of agriculture. In the cultivation process of crops, diseases and insect pests cannot be avoided, but the disease prevention and insect killing effect of the existing disease-resistant insecticidal composition is not good, particularly a broad-spectrum insecticide which can kill various diseases and insect pests but has poor prevention and control effect, and the patent 'an insecticide composition, an insecticide and application thereof' application number: 201310129581.4, wherein the control effect on cabbage aphids is better, but the control effect on litchi aphids is different, the control on rice stem borers is good, but the control effect on mango stem borers is not good; the highest prevention and treatment effect on rice thrips is 78.93 percent, but the prevention effect on rubber thrips is slightly poor. Patent "a germicidal composition", application No.: 201810465970.7, compared with the control effect of one-time application, the control effect of the composition on powdery mildew of cucumber, anthracnose of pepper and downy mildew of cucumber is better, but the control effect on the surfaces of jack fruit, wax apple, lemon, rice, betel nut and durian leaves is not good enough; therefore, a high-efficiency bactericidal composition needs to be researched to solve the problem of preventing diseases and insect pests of crops.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a disease and pest prevention composition, a preparation method and an application thereof, and solves the problem of disease and pest prevention of crops.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: a disease-preventing and insect-preventing composition: the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-3 parts of trichoderma harzianum liquid, 2-4 parts of beauveria bassiana liquid, 2-4 parts of metarhizium anisopliae liquid, 3-7 parts of bacillus thuringiensis liquid, 1-3 parts of morchella vulgaris liquid, 0.3-2 parts of linalool, 0.1-0.5 part of amino-oligosaccharin, 0.2-0.9 part of salicylic acid, 0.1-0.9 part of dextran, 1-3 parts of apine, 1-5 parts of limonene and 2-6 parts of beta-resinol, wherein the number of effective viable bacteria in the trichoderma harzianum liquid is 40-80 hundred million CFU/mL, the number of effective viable bacteria in the trichoderma harzianum liquid is 5-25 hundred million CFU/mL, the number of effective viable bacteria in the metarhizium anisopliae liquid is 18-50 hundred million CFU/mL, the number of effective viable bacteria in the trichoderma harzianum liquid is 25-100 million CFU/mL, and the number of effective viable bacteria in the morchella bassiana liquid is 10-50 million CFU/mL.
Further, the disease-preventing and insect-preventing composition comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2 parts of trichoderma harzianum liquid, 3 parts of beauveria bassiana liquid, 3 parts of metarhizium anisopliae liquid, 5 parts of bacillus thuringiensis liquid, 2 parts of morchella esculenta liquid, 1.7 parts of linalool, 0.4 part of amino-oligosaccharin, 0.5 part of salicylic acid, 0.5 part of dextran, 2 parts of apine, 3 parts of limonene and 4 parts of beta-coumarol, wherein the number of effective live bacteria in the trichoderma harzianum liquid is 60 hundred million CFU/mL, the number of effective live bacteria in the beauveria bassiana liquid is 15 hundred million CFU/mL, the number of effective live bacteria in the destruxin liquid is 35 hundred million CFU/mL, the number of effective live bacteria in the bacillus thuringiensis liquid is 55 hundred million CFU/mL, and the number of effective live bacteria in the morchella esculenta liquid is 30 hundred million CFU/mL.
Furthermore, the formulation of the bactericidal composition is one of missible oil, suspending agent, wettable powder, aqueous emulsion, microemulsion or microcapsule.
Further, a preparation method of the disease-preventing and insect-preventing composition is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing and stirring a trichoderma harzianum bacterial liquid, a beauveria bassiana bacterial liquid, a metarhizium anisopliae bacterial liquid, a bacillus thuringiensis bacterial liquid and a morchella bacterial liquid at the temperature of 28-30 ℃, and preserving heat for 20-50 min to obtain a mixed bacterial liquid;
s2, adding linalool, amino-oligosaccharide, salicylic acid and dextran into the mixed bacteria liquid obtained in the step S1, adjusting the pH value to 6-6.8, stirring for 15-30 min at the temperature of 30-35 ℃ and the rpm of 1500-3000, adding apine, limonene and beta-balsam, continuing stirring for 20-50 min, and fermenting for 10-30 days in an oxygen-free or low-oxygen atmosphere to obtain the target composition.
Furthermore, the disease-preventing and pest-preventing composition is applied to the prevention and control of crop pests, wherein the effect of applying the composition to stem borers, aphids and thrips is optimal.
Furthermore, the disease-preventing and insect-preventing composition is used for preventing and treating various crop pathogenic bacteria, and is particularly used for preventing and treating powdery mildew, downy mildew, gray mold, rice blast, late blight and anthracnose.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the composition is scientifically proportioned by raw materials, so that the activity and the insecticidal effect of the composition have obvious synergistic effect, the composition has obvious killing effect on the aspect of preventing and treating crop pests, particularly mango stem borers, litchi aphids and rubber thrips, has the best effect on preventing and treating various crop pathogens, and particularly can be used for preventing and treating powdery mildew of pineapple honey, lotus fog downy mildew, lemon gray mold, rice blast, late blight of betel nut and anthracnose of durian.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical content of the invention, specific examples are provided below to further illustrate the invention.
The experimental methods used in the examples of the present invention are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
The materials, reagents and the like used in the examples of the present invention can be obtained commercially without specific description.
Example 1
The disease-preventing and insect-preventing composition is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1 part of trichoderma harzianum liquid, 2 parts of beauveria bassiana liquid, 2 parts of metarhizium anisopliae liquid, 3 parts of bacillus thuringiensis liquid, 1 part of morchella esculenta liquid, 0.3 part of agarol, 0.1 part of amino-oligosaccharin, 0.2 part of salicylic acid, 0.1 part of dextran, 1 part of apine, 1 part of limonene and 2 parts of beta-resinol, wherein the number of effective live bacteria in the trichoderma harzianum liquid is 40 hundred million CFU/mL, the number of effective live bacteria in the beauveria bassiana liquid is 5 hundred million CFU/mL, the number of effective live bacteria in the green muscardine liquid is 18 hundred million CFU/mL, the number of effective live bacteria in the trichoderma harzianum liquid is 25 hundred million CFU/mL, and the number of effective live bacteria in the morchella bassiana liquid is 10 hundred million CFU/mL;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing and stirring the trichoderma harzianum liquid, the beauveria bassiana liquid, the metarhizium anisopliae liquid, the bacillus thuringiensis liquid and the morchella liquid at 29 ℃, and preserving heat for 35min to obtain a mixed bacterial liquid;
s2, adding linalool, amino-oligosaccharin, salicylic acid and dextran into the mixed bacteria liquid obtained in S1, adjusting the pH value to 6.5, stirring at 32 ℃ and 2000rpm for 22min, adding apine, limonene and beta-balsam, continuing stirring for 35min, and fermenting in an oxygen-free or low-oxygen atmosphere for 20 days to obtain the disease-preventing and insect-preventing composition.
Example 2
The disease-preventing and insect-preventing composition is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3 parts of trichoderma harzianum liquid, 4 parts of beauveria bassiana liquid, 4 parts of metarhizium anisopliae liquid, 7 parts of bacillus thuringiensis liquid, 3 parts of morchella esculenta liquid, 2 parts of linalool, 0.5 part of amino-oligosaccharin, 0.9 part of salicylic acid, 0.9 part of dextran, 3 parts of apirane, 5 parts of limonene and 6 parts of beta-resinol, wherein the number of effective live bacteria in the trichoderma harzianum liquid is 80 hundred million CFU/mL, the number of effective live bacteria in the beauveria bassiana liquid is 25 hundred million CFU/mL, the number of effective live bacteria in the beauveria bassiana liquid is 50 hundred million CFU/mL, the number of effective live bacteria in the trichoderma harzianum liquid is 100 hundred million CFU/mL, and the number of effective live bacteria in the morchella bassiana liquid is 50 hundred million CFU/mL;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing and stirring the trichoderma harzianum liquid, the beauveria bassiana liquid, the metarhizium anisopliae liquid, the bacillus thuringiensis liquid and the morchella liquid at 29 ℃, and preserving heat for 35min to obtain a mixed bacterial liquid;
s2, adding linalool, amino-oligosaccharin, salicylic acid and dextran into the mixed bacteria liquid obtained in S1, adjusting the pH value to 6.5, stirring at 32 ℃ and 2000rpm for 22min, adding apine, limonene and beta-balsam, continuing stirring for 35min, and fermenting in an oxygen-free or low-oxygen atmosphere for 20 days to obtain the disease-preventing and insect-preventing composition.
Example 3
The disease-preventing and insect-preventing composition is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2 parts of trichoderma harzianum liquid, 3 parts of beauveria bassiana liquid, 3 parts of metarhizium anisopliae liquid, 5 parts of bacillus thuringiensis liquid, 2 parts of morchella esculenta liquid, 1.7 parts of linalool, 0.4 part of amino-oligosaccharin, 0.5 part of salicylic acid, 0.5 part of dextran, 2 parts of apine, 3 parts of limonene and 4 parts of beta-coumarol, wherein the number of effective live bacteria in the trichoderma harzianum liquid is 60 hundred million CFU/mL, the number of effective live bacteria in the beauveria bassiana liquid is 15 hundred million CFU/mL, the number of effective live bacteria in the metarhizium bassiana liquid is 35 hundred million CFU/mL, the number of effective live bacteria in the trichoderma harzianum liquid is 55 hundred million CFU/mL, and the number of effective live bacteria in the morchella bassiana liquid is 30 hundred million CFU/mL;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing and stirring the trichoderma harzianum liquid, the beauveria bassiana liquid, the metarhizium anisopliae liquid, the bacillus thuringiensis liquid and the morchella liquid at 29 ℃, and preserving heat for 35min to obtain a mixed bacterial liquid;
s2, adding linalool, amino-oligosaccharin, salicylic acid and dextran into the mixed bacteria liquid obtained in S1, adjusting the pH value to 6.5, stirring at 32 ℃ and 2000rpm for 22min, adding apine, limonene and beta-balsam, continuing stirring for 35min, and fermenting in an oxygen-free or low-oxygen atmosphere for 20 days to obtain the disease-preventing and insect-preventing composition.
Example 4
The disease-preventing and insect-preventing composition is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2 parts of trichoderma harzianum liquid, 3 parts of beauveria bassiana liquid, 3 parts of metarhizium anisopliae liquid, 5 parts of bacillus thuringiensis liquid, 2 parts of morchella esculenta liquid, 1.7 parts of linalool, 0.4 part of amino-oligosaccharin, 0.5 part of salicylic acid, 0.5 part of dextran, 2 parts of apine, 3 parts of limonene and 4 parts of beta-coumarol, wherein the number of effective live bacteria in the trichoderma harzianum liquid is 60 hundred million CFU/mL, the number of effective live bacteria in the beauveria bassiana liquid is 15 hundred million CFU/mL, the number of effective live bacteria in the metarhizium bassiana liquid is 35 hundred million CFU/mL, the number of effective live bacteria in the trichoderma harzianum liquid is 55 hundred million CFU/mL, and the number of effective live bacteria in the morchella bassiana liquid is 30 hundred million CFU/mL;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing and stirring the trichoderma harzianum liquid, the beauveria bassiana liquid, the metarhizium anisopliae liquid, the bacillus thuringiensis liquid and the morchella liquid at 28 ℃, and preserving heat for 20min to obtain a mixed bacterial liquid;
s2, adding linalool, amino-oligosaccharin, salicylic acid and dextran into the mixed bacteria liquid obtained in S1, adjusting the pH value to 6, stirring at 30 ℃ and 1500rpm for 15min, adding apine, limonene and beta-balsam, continuing stirring for 20min, and fermenting in an oxygen-free or low-oxygen atmosphere for 10-30 days to obtain the disease-preventing and insect-preventing composition.
Example 5
The disease-preventing and insect-preventing composition is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2 parts of trichoderma harzianum liquid, 3 parts of beauveria bassiana liquid, 3 parts of metarhizium anisopliae liquid, 5 parts of bacillus thuringiensis liquid, 2 parts of morchella esculenta liquid, 1.7 parts of linalool, 0.4 part of amino-oligosaccharin, 0.5 part of salicylic acid, 0.5 part of dextran, 2 parts of apine, 3 parts of limonene and 4 parts of beta-coumarol, wherein the number of effective live bacteria in the trichoderma harzianum liquid is 60 hundred million CFU/mL, the number of effective live bacteria in the beauveria bassiana liquid is 15 hundred million CFU/mL, the number of effective live bacteria in the metarhizium bassiana liquid is 35 hundred million CFU/mL, the number of effective live bacteria in the trichoderma harzianum liquid is 55 hundred million CFU/mL, and the number of effective live bacteria in the morchella bassiana liquid is 30 hundred million CFU/mL;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing and stirring the trichoderma harzianum liquid, the beauveria bassiana liquid, the metarhizium anisopliae liquid, the bacillus thuringiensis liquid and the morchella liquid at 30 ℃, and preserving heat for 50min to obtain a mixed bacterial liquid;
s2, adding linalool, amino-oligosaccharin, salicylic acid and dextran into the mixed bacteria liquid obtained in S1, adjusting the pH value to 6.8, stirring at 35 ℃ and 3000rpm for 30min, adding apine, limonene and beta-balsam, continuing stirring for 50min, and fermenting in an oxygen-free or low-oxygen atmosphere for 30 days to obtain the disease-preventing and insect-preventing composition.
Comparative example 1
The difference between the comparative example and the example 3 is that the disease-preventing and insect-preventing composition is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2 parts of trichoderma harzianum liquid, 3 parts of beauveria bassiana liquid, 3 parts of metarhizium anisopliae liquid, 5 parts of bacillus thuringiensis liquid, 2 parts of morchella liquid, 3 parts of linalool, 0.8 part of amino-oligosaccharin, 1.3 parts of salicylic acid, 1 part of dextran, 5 parts of apine, 6 parts of limonene and 1 part of beta-resinol.
Comparative example 2
The difference between the comparative example and the example 3 is that the disease-preventing and insect-preventing composition is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of trichoderma harzianum liquid, 1 part of beauveria bassiana liquid, 1 part of metarhizium anisopliae liquid, 2 parts of bacillus thuringiensis liquid, 5 parts of morchella liquid, 1.7 parts of linalool, 0.4 part of amino-oligosaccharin, 0.5 part of salicylic acid, 0.5 part of dextran, 2 parts of apine, 3 parts of limonene and 4 parts of beta-coumarol.
Comparative example 3
The difference between the comparative example and the example 3 is that the morchella liquid is replaced by the same amount of verticillium lecanii liquid in the raw materials of the disease-preventing and insect-preventing composition.
Comparative example 4
The difference between this comparative example and example 3 is that linalool is not added to the raw materials of the disease-preventing and insect-preventing composition.
Comparative example 5
The comparative example differs from example 3 in that no apine and limonene were added to the starting materials of the disease and insect control composition.
First, prevention and cure test
The field efficacy tests of the compositions obtained in examples 1-5 and comparative examples 1-5 on stem borers, aphids and thrips are respectively carried out, the design of test cells is carried out according to the Standard of pesticide field efficacy test guidelines (1) of State quality and technology administration, and the area of each cell is 20m2Totally, 32 cells are arranged, and 1.2m isolation zones are arranged among the cells. The application method adopts a spraying method, and the electric sprayer is used for uniformly spraying for 1 time.
(1) Borer
And (3) reference to test crops: hainan Chengmi fruit tree forest
Reagent to be tested: the compositions obtained in examples 1-5 and comparative examples 1-2 were prepared into suspension concentrate, commercially available 25% snout moth's larva-killing agent, and clear water control, and each treatment set was 4 replicates
The investigation method comprises the following steps: the population base number of the insects is tested before pesticide application, sampling is carried out at 5 points of diagonal lines of each cell, 10 mango trees are fixedly investigated and marked at each point, the number of the living insects of 50 mango trees is totally investigated, investigation is carried out on 5 days, 10 days and 15 days after pesticide application according to the same method, and the control effect is calculated.
TABLE 1 pesticide effect test for controlling borer of mango tree
(2) Aphids
And (3) reference to test crops: hainan Haikou litchi garden
Reagent to be tested: the compositions obtained in examples 1-5 and comparative examples 1-2 were prepared as a powder in water, a commercial malathion, a clear water control, with 4 replicates per treatment set
The investigation method comprises the following steps: the population base number of the insects is checked before the pesticide is applied, sampling is carried out at 5 points on the diagonal line of each cell, 10 litchis are fixedly checked and marked at each point, the number of the live insects of 50 litchis is checked in total, the insects are checked on the 5 th day, the 10 th day and the 15 th day after the pesticide is applied according to the same method, and the control effect is calculated.
TABLE 2 pharmacological test for controlling litchi aphid
(3) Thrips
And (3) reference to test crops: hainan delirium rubber forest
Reagent to be tested: the compositions obtained in examples 1-5 and comparative examples 1-2 were prepared into an aqueous emulsion, a commercially available 5% acetamiprid, and a clear water control, and each treatment set was 4 replicates
The investigation method comprises the following steps: the population base number of the insects is tested before pesticide application, sampling is carried out at 5 points on the diagonal line of each cell, 10 rubber trees are fixedly investigated and marked at each point, the number of the living insects of 50 rubber trees is totally investigated, investigation is carried out on the 5 th day, the 10 th day and the 15 th day after pesticide application according to the same method, and the control effect is calculated.
TABLE 3 drug effect test for prevention and treatment of rubber thrips
As can be seen from tables 1-3, the composition provided by the invention has higher control effects on mango stem borers, litchi aphids and rubber thrips, the control effects of the embodiments 1-5 in the stem borer control are higher than those of a comparative agent, the control effects are 90.8-98.7%, and the control effect of 98.7% is achieved in the case of 10 days in the embodiment 3; in aphid control, the control effects of the examples 1-5 are superior to those of a comparative example and a comparative medicament, the control effect is 94.6-99.6%, and the control effect of the example 3 reaches 99.6% and 99.5% in 5 days and 15 days respectively; in the prevention and treatment of thrips, the examples 1-5 are superior to the comparative example and the comparative medicament, the prevention and treatment effect is over 90 percent, and the prevention and treatment effect of the example 3 reaches 94.6 percent in 15 days; the medicament of the embodiment of the invention has synergistic effect, and can reach more than 90% after 15 days of application, and the overall result shows that the composition of the formula of the embodiment of the invention has obviously higher control effect on stem borers, aphids and thrips than the formula of a comparative example and the medicament of the comparative example, and has excellent control effect.
Second, bactericidal Activity test
The compositions of the examples 1 to 5 and the comparative examples 1 to 5 are prepared into 25% microemulsion for measuring the inhibition effect of the powdery mildew of jackfruit, the downy mildew of wax apple, the gray mold of lemon, the blast disease of rice, the late blight of betel nut and the anthracnose of durian, the prepared microemulsion is uniformly sprayed on the surfaces of the leaves of jackfruit, wax apple, lemon, rice, betel nut and durian, the inoculation of pathogenic bacteria is carried out after 24 hours of treatment, distilled water with the same volume is used as negative control, commodities are used as positive control, the infection degree is calculated according to the disease grade of each pathogenic bacteria, and the protection effect calculation formula comprises the following steps:
the grading method comprises the following steps:
level 0: no disease spots;
level 1: the lesion area is less than 5% of the whole leaf area;
and 3, level: the lesion area accounts for 6 to 10 percent of the whole leaf area;
and 5, stage: the lesion area accounts for 11% -20% of the whole leaf area;
and 7, stage: the lesion area accounts for 21-40% of the whole leaf area;
and 9, stage: the lesion area accounts for more than 40% of the whole leaf area.
Disease index ═ Σ (disease stage number × disease leaf number)/total number of examined leaves × highest stage number × 100
The preventing and treating effect (%) is (disease index of control group-disease index of treatment group)/(disease index of control group) × 100
TABLE 4 preventive and therapeutic effects on powdery mildew of Jack fruit
"-" indicates no data
TABLE 5 prevention and treatment effects of Syzygium samarangense downy mildew
"-" indicates no data
TABLE 6 control of lemon Botrytis
"-" indicates no data
TABLE 7 prevention and control of pestilence of rice
"-" indicates no data
TABLE 8 prevention and treatment effect on late blight of betel nut
"-" indicates no data
TABLE 9 prevention and control of colletotrichum gloeosporioides
As can be seen from the control effects shown in tables 4-9, the composition disclosed by the invention has high efficiency and strong bactericidal activity, and bactericidal activity tests prove that the composition has good control effects on powdery mildew of jackfruit, downy mildew of wax apple, gray mold of lemon, rice blast, late blight of areca nut and anthracnose of durian, and is superior to chemical bactericides of all germs; table 4 shows that the disease index of the examples is 0-6.0, the control effect of the powdery mildew of jackfruit is 92.5-100%, the control effect of the examples 3 reaches 100%, and the activity of the examples is superior to that of the comparative examples 1-5 and the commercial fungicide Lunacsen; table 5 shows that the disease index of the examples is 5.0-12.0, the control effect of the wax apple downy mildew is 88.0-94.5%, the control effect of the example 3 is 94.5%, and compared with comparative examples 1-5, the control effect of cyazofamid is higher; table 6 shows that the morbidity index of the example is 1.2-5.8, the control effect of the lemon gray mold is 93.6-98.6%, and the control effect of the example 3 is 98.6%, which are superior to those of the comparative example and the comparative medicament; table 7 shows that the disease index of the embodiment in the rice blast is 1.3-4.9, the control effect is 94.3-98.5%, and the disease index of the embodiment 3 reaches 98.5%; table 8 shows that the incidence index of the betel nut late blight is 3-16.1, the control effect is 82.1-96.6%, and the example 3 is 96.6%; table 9 shows that the disease index of the durian anthracnose pathogen in the embodiment is 0-2.3, the control effect is 97.1-100%, and the embodiment 3 reaches 100%; the overall results show that the control effects of the embodiments 1 to 5 on powdery mildew of jackfruit and anthracnose of durian are optimal, and meanwhile, the formula of the composition provided by the embodiment of the invention can achieve an effective control effect, and the embodiment 3 is optimal.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (6)
1. A disease-preventing and insect-preventing composition is characterized in that: the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-3 parts of trichoderma harzianum liquid, 2-4 parts of beauveria bassiana liquid, 2-4 parts of metarhizium anisopliae liquid, 3-7 parts of bacillus thuringiensis liquid, 1-3 parts of morchella vulgaris liquid, 0.3-2 parts of linalool, 0.1-0.5 part of amino-oligosaccharin, 0.2-0.9 part of salicylic acid, 0.1-0.9 part of dextran, 1-3 parts of apine, 1-5 parts of limonene and 2-6 parts of beta-resinol, wherein the number of effective viable bacteria in the trichoderma harzianum liquid is 40-80 hundred million CFU/mL, the number of effective viable bacteria in the trichoderma harzianum liquid is 5-25 hundred million CFU/mL, the number of effective viable bacteria in the metarhizium anisopliae liquid is 18-50 hundred million CFU/mL, the number of effective viable bacteria in the trichoderma harzianum liquid is 25-100 million CFU/mL, and the number of effective viable bacteria in the morchella bassiana liquid is 10-50 million CFU/mL.
2. The disease-preventing and insect-preventing composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2 parts of trichoderma harzianum, 3 parts of beauveria bassiana bacterial liquid, 3 parts of metarhizium anisopliae bacterial liquid, 5 parts of bacillus thuringiensis bacterial liquid, 2 parts of morchella esculenta bacterial liquid, 1.7 parts of linalool, 0.4 part of amino-oligosaccharin, 0.5 part of salicylic acid, 0.5 part of dextran, 2 parts of apine, 3 parts of limonene and 4 parts of beta-resinol, wherein the effective viable count in the trichoderma harzianum bacterial liquid is 60 hundred million CFU/mL, the effective viable count in the beauveria bassiana bacterial liquid is 15 hundred million CFU/mL, the effective viable count in the destruxin bacterial liquid is 35 hundred million CFU/mL, the effective viable count in the bacillus thuringiensis bacterial liquid is 55 hundred million CFU/mL, and the effective viable count in the morchella esculenta bacterial liquid is 30 hundred million CFU/mL.
3. The disease-preventing and insect-preventing composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the formulation of the bactericidal composition is one of missible oil, suspending agent, wettable powder, aqueous emulsion, microemulsion or microcapsule.
4. The method for preparing the disease-preventing and insect-preventing composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing and stirring a trichoderma harzianum bacterial liquid, a beauveria bassiana bacterial liquid, a metarhizium anisopliae bacterial liquid, a bacillus thuringiensis bacterial liquid and a morchella bacterial liquid at the temperature of 28-30 ℃, and preserving heat for 20-50 min to obtain a mixed bacterial liquid;
s2, adding linalool, amino-oligosaccharide, salicylic acid and dextran into the mixed bacteria liquid obtained in the step S1, adjusting the pH value to 6-6.8, stirring for 15-30 min at the temperature of 30-35 ℃ and the rpm of 1500-3000, adding apine, limonene and beta-balsam, continuing stirring for 20-50 min, and fermenting for 10-30 days in an oxygen-free or low-oxygen atmosphere to obtain the target composition.
5. The use of the disease-preventing, insect-controlling composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4 for controlling insect pests on crops.
6. The disease-preventing and insect-preventing composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, which is used for preventing and treating powdery mildew, downy mildew, gray mold, rice blast, late blight and anthracnose of plants.
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| CN114164120A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-03-11 | 海南大学 | Microbial preparation for preventing and treating plant diseases and preparation method and application thereof |
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