CN113388437A - 一种多功能复合润滑脂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种多功能复合润滑脂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN113388437A
CN113388437A CN202110773872.1A CN202110773872A CN113388437A CN 113388437 A CN113388437 A CN 113388437A CN 202110773872 A CN202110773872 A CN 202110773872A CN 113388437 A CN113388437 A CN 113388437A
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郭霞胡
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种多功能复合润滑脂及其制备方法，多功能复合润滑脂包括以下重量份的组分：脂肪酸5‑20份、油脂10‑50份、强碱水溶液12‑30份、有机膨润土5‑30份、抗磨剂2‑5份、防锈剂0.1‑0.3份、稳定剂0.1‑0.2份、极压剂5‑6份以及基础油10‑50份；具有以下优点：滴点达到420度左右，抗剪切能力好，抗氧化优，使用长效，低温流动性好，使用范围广，可生物降解性好，极压性能忧，防锈能力强，防水性忧等使用特点。

Description

一种多功能复合润滑脂及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于润滑剂技术领域，具体涉及一种多功能复合润滑脂。
背景技术
随着机械设备不断更新，对润滑脂的要求越来越高，我国是全球润滑脂消费大国，但是润滑脂生产的质量和发达国家相比，还是比较落后，我国主要生产无水钙基脂和普通锂基脂为主，这两种脂的销量占到市场90％左右，无水钙润滑脂使用滴点不超过65℃，国标锂基脂使用滴点120℃，非标锂基脂80℃，这两种脂生产过程污染比较严重，每生产4吨润滑脂，需要60公斤水，在4公斤压力下加热到180℃会产生10万升蒸汽和大量基础油轻组分，排入大气，才能出成品，随着我国高速发展，国家提倡降低能耗，提升产品质量，技术转化升级，向高新技术发展路线的定制，润滑脂产业技术升级也是必然的。
发明内容
为解决现有的润滑脂存在的使用滴点低的问题，本发明提供一种多功能复合润滑脂。
本发明采用以下技术方案：一种多功能复合润滑脂，包括以下重量份的组分：脂肪酸5-20份、油脂10-50份、强碱水溶液12-30份、有机膨润土5-30份、抗磨剂2-5份、防锈剂0.1-0.3份、稳定剂0.1-0.2份、极压剂5-6份以及基础油10-50份。
进一步限定，包括以下重量份的组分：脂肪酸10份、油脂25份、强碱水溶液18份、有机膨润土15份、抗磨剂5份、防锈剂0.3份、稳定剂0.1份、极压剂6份以及基础油31份。
进一步限定，所述油脂为动植物油脂。
进一步限定，所述抗磨剂为纳米聚四氟乙烯。
进一步限定，所述基础油为矿物油。
进一步限定，所述防锈剂主要由硼酸盐、三乙醇胺以及石油磺酸钡制备得到。
进一步限定，所述稳定剂为甘油和强碱的混合物。
进一步限定，所述强碱为氢氧化钠或氢氧化锂中的一种。
本发明的有益效果为：(1)滴点达到420℃，(2)抗剪切能力好，(3)抗氧化优，(4)使用长效，(5)低温流动性好，(6)使用范围广，(7)可生物降解性好，极压性能忧，(8)防锈能力强，(9)防水性忧等使用特点。
本发明还提供一种多功能复合润滑脂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
将脂肪酸和油脂混合后加入强碱水溶液进行一次皂化，得到第一膏体；
向膏体中加入基础油，循环剪切进行二次皂化，得到第二膏体；
向第二膏体中加入有机膨润土、抗磨剂、防锈剂、稳定剂以及极压剂，循环剪切得到所述多功能复合润滑脂。
本发明的有益效果为：本发明中强碱水溶液为聚脲、氢氧化锂或氢氧化铝中的一种，只需要通过循环剪切即可实现皂化，制备得到；该制备方法简单，且不会涉及加热过程，因此不会有水和基础油的挥发，对环境无污染；能耗低，皂化复合时温度低，不用辅助加热，自然反应温度即可，温度控制在常压40℃。
具体实施方式
本发明为了解决现有的无水钙基脂和普通锂基脂存在的使用滴点低且生产无水钙基脂和普通锂基脂的过程中存在的大量水和基础油的挥发导致环境污染严重的问题，本发明提供一种多功能复合润滑脂，包括以下重量份的组分：脂肪酸5-20份、优选10-20份、更优选10份，油脂10-50份、优选15-35份、更优选25份，强碱水溶液12-30份、优选10-20份、更优选18份，有机膨润土5-30份、优选10-20份、更优选15份，抗磨剂2-5份、优选3-5份、更优选5份，防锈剂0.1-0.3份、优选0.2-0.3份、更优选0.3份；稳定剂0.1-0.2份、优选0.1份，极压剂5-6份、优选6份，基础油10-50份，优选20-40份、更优选31份；强碱水溶液中强碱的质量分数为30％；极压剂优选T306。
其中强碱为氢氧化锂或氢氧化钠中的一种，优选氢氧化钠；基础油为矿物油，优选矿物油；所述油脂为动植物油脂；防锈剂主要由硼酸盐、三乙醇胺以及石油磺酸钡制备得到；抗磨剂为纳米聚四氟乙烯；稳定剂为甘油和强碱的混合物；
一种多功能复合润滑脂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1将脂肪酸和油脂混合后加入强碱水溶液进行一次皂化，得到第一膏体，加入碱液时动作缓慢加入，该过程在反应釜高速剪切机中进行；
S2向膏体中加入基础油，循环剪切进行二次皂化，得到第二膏体，第二膏体粘稠拉丝、均匀且无颗粒；该过程在反应釜高速剪切机中进行；
S3向第二膏体中加入有机膨润土、抗磨剂、防锈剂、稳定剂以及极压剂，循环剪切得到所述多功能复合润滑脂，该过程在反应釜高速剪切机中进行。
实施例1
制备多功能复合润滑脂
S1称取脂肪酸5kg、动植物油脂10kg、氢氧化钠水溶液12kg、有机膨润土5kg、纳米聚四氟乙烯2kg、硼酸盐、三乙醇胺以及石油磺酸钡混合得到除锈剂0.1kg、甘油和氢氧化钠混合得到的稳定剂0.1kg、T306 5kg以及矿物油10kg；
S2将脂肪酸和油脂将入反应釜中搅拌均匀，搅拌后加入质量分数为30％的氢氧化钠水溶液进行一次皂化，得到第一膏体，加入氢氧化钠水溶液时动作缓慢加入；
S3向膏体中加入矿物油，循环剪切进行二次皂化，得到第二膏体，第二膏体粘稠拉丝、均匀且无颗粒；
S4向第二膏体中加入有机膨润土、纳米聚四氟乙烯、防锈剂、稳定剂以及T306，循环剪切得到多功能复合润滑脂；上述过程均在常压40℃的条件下进行。
实施例2
制备多功能复合润滑脂
S1称取脂肪酸10kg、动植物油脂25kg、氢氧化钠水溶液18kg、有机膨润土15kg、纳米聚四氟乙烯5kg、硼酸盐、三乙醇胺以及石油磺酸钡混合得到除锈剂0.3kg、甘油和氢氧化钠混合得到的稳定剂0.15kg、T306 6kg以及矿物油31kg；
S2将脂肪酸和油脂将入反应釜中搅拌均匀，搅拌后加入质量分数为30％的氢氧化钠水溶液进行一次皂化，得到第一膏体，加入氢氧化钠水溶液时动作缓慢加入；
S3向膏体中加入矿物油，循环剪切进行二次皂化，得到第二膏体，第二膏体粘稠拉丝、均匀且无颗粒；
S4向第二膏体中加入有机膨润土、纳米聚四氟乙烯、防锈剂、稳定剂以及T306，循环剪切得到多功能复合润滑脂；上述过程均在常压40℃的条件下进行。
实施例3
制备多功能复合润滑脂
S1称取脂肪酸20kg、动植物油脂50kg、氢氧化钠水溶液30kg、有机膨润土30kg、纳米聚四氟乙烯5kg、硼酸盐、三乙醇胺以及石油磺酸钡混合得到除锈剂0.3kg、甘油和氢氧化钠混合得到的稳定剂0.2kg、T306 6kg以及矿物油50kg；
S2将脂肪酸和油脂将入反应釜中搅拌均匀，搅拌后加入质量分数为30％的氢氧化钠水溶液进行一次皂化，得到第一膏体，加入氢氧化钠水溶液时动作缓慢加入；
S3向膏体中加入矿物油，循环剪切进行二次皂化，得到第二膏体，第二膏体粘稠拉丝、均匀且无颗粒；
S4向第二膏体中加入有机膨润土、纳米聚四氟乙烯、防锈剂、稳定剂以及T306，循环剪切得到多功能复合润滑脂；上述过程均在常压40℃的条件下进行。
对比例1
现有的润滑油，其中的基础油为矿物油，稠化剂分别为钙皂、钠皂、钙和钠混合、铝皂、锂皂、钡皂、铅皂、复合钙皂、复合铝皂、复合锂皂、膨润土或聚脲，采用现有工艺制备得到，分别命名为现有1、现有2、现有3、现有4、现有5、现有6、现有7、现有8、现有9、现有10、现有11、现有12。
对比例2
现有的润滑油，其中的基础油为酯类油，稠化剂分别为锂皂、膨润土或聚脲，采用现有工艺制备得到，分别命名为现有13、现有14、现有15。
对比例3
现有的润滑油，其中的基础油为硅油，稠化剂分别为锂皂或聚脲，采用现有工艺制备得到，分别命名为现有16、现有17。
对实施例1-3制备得到的多功能润滑油和对比例1-3的现有润滑油性能进行比较，结果如表1所示。
表1
Figure BDA0003154949730000061
Figure BDA0003154949730000071
Figure BDA0003154949730000081
由表1可知，实施例1-3制备得到的多功能润滑油的滴点至少为420℃，并且最高使用温度得到了提高；热安定性、机械安定性、耐水性、防锈剂、泵送性、低温性以及橡胶相容性也有提升。
最后应说明的是：以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明的保护范围。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

1.一种多功能复合润滑脂，其特征在于，包括以下重量份的组分：脂肪酸5-20份、油脂10-50份、强碱水溶液12-30份、有机膨润土5-30份、抗磨剂2-5份、防锈剂0.1-0.3份、稳定剂0.1-0.2份、极压剂5-6份以及基础油10-50份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种多功能复合润滑脂，其特征在于，包括以下重量份的组分：脂肪酸10份、油脂25份、强碱水溶液18份、有机膨润土15份、抗磨剂5份、防锈剂0.3份、稳定剂0.1份、极压剂6份以及基础油31份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种多功能复合润滑脂，其特征在于，所述油脂为动植物油脂。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种多功能复合润滑脂，其特征在于，所述抗磨剂为纳米聚四氟乙烯。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种多功能复合润滑脂，其特征在于，所述基础油为矿物油。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种多功能复合润滑脂，其特征在于，所述防锈剂主要由硼酸盐、三乙醇胺以及石油磺酸钡制备得到。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种多功能复合润滑脂，其特征在于，所述稳定剂为甘油和强碱的混合物。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种多功能复合润滑脂，其特征在于，所述强碱为氢氧化钠或氢氧化锂中的一种。
9.一种多功能复合润滑脂的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
将脂肪酸和油脂混合后加入强碱水溶液进行一次皂化，得到第一膏体；
向膏体中加入基础油，循环剪切进行二次皂化，得到第二膏体；
向第二膏体中加入有机膨润土、抗磨剂、防锈剂、稳定剂以及极压剂，循环剪切得到所述多功能复合润滑脂。
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CN114958465A (zh) * 2022-05-27 2022-08-30 无锡中石油润滑脂有限责任公司 一种环保重负荷开式齿轮润滑脂及其制备方法

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114958465A (zh) * 2022-05-27 2022-08-30 无锡中石油润滑脂有限责任公司 一种环保重负荷开式齿轮润滑脂及其制备方法

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