CN113387945A - 化合物ptm-3、ptm-4及其制备方法和制备药物的用途 - Google Patents
化合物ptm-3、ptm-4及其制备方法和制备药物的用途 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了化合物PTM‑3、PTM‑4及其制备方法和制备药物的用途。此两个化合物分别具有如下式II、式III结构,此两个化合物或其药学上可接受的盐可应用于制备预防和治疗炎症免疫性疾病或代谢性疾病或心血管疾病的药物;
Description
技术领域
本发明属于药物化学领域,具体涉及(R)-4-(3H-[1,2,3]三唑并[4,5-b]吡啶-3-基)-N- (3-氯吡啶-2-基)-N-(1-甲基哌啶-3-基)苯甲酰胺(简称PTM-3)、(R)-4-(3H-[1,2,3]三唑并[4,5-b]吡啶-3-基)-N-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-N-(1-乙基哌啶-3-基)苯甲酰胺(简称PTM-4) 及其制备方法和制备药物的用途。
背景技术
炎症免疫性疾病发病率高,全世界至少有数亿患者,其中包括类风湿性关节炎、强直性脊柱炎、克隆恩病、溃疡性结肠炎、红斑狼疮、皮肌炎、硬皮病、干燥综合征、哮喘、银屑病(包括寻常型、脓疱型、红皮病型和关节病型)、湿疹、特应性皮炎、白癜风、荨麻疹和副银屑病等;这些疾病严重时可以累及多器官,导致心、肝、肾、血管、肺、关节和脑等器官损伤,死亡率高,仅次于恶性肿瘤。该类疾病的病因和发病机制相当复杂,目前仍无法根治,需要长期用药控制病情进展。临床常用的治疗药物主要是糖皮质激素和免疫抑制剂等,但是这类药物的有效率仅为50%左右,并且由于其不良反应大,包括骨髓抑制、肝肾功能损伤、骨质疏松、易诱发感染和肿瘤等,限制了长期应用。目前的新型生物制剂也具有免疫抑制作用,有诱发感染和肿瘤的风险,而且价格昂贵,限制了其广泛长期应用。
众所周知,类风湿性关节炎、强直性脊柱炎、溃疡性结肠炎和克隆恩病具有一些共同的发病机制通路,一些新型生物制剂可以同时治疗上诉疾病,如针对TNF-a的单克隆抗体。
大量的研究证明银屑病、湿疹、异位性皮炎、白癜风、荨麻疹和副银屑病等炎症免疫性皮肤病均有一些共同的发病机制。T细胞分泌的IL-17是以上疾病的发病机制中起非常重要的作用,抑制IL-17能够明显改善以上疾病的症状。异位性皮炎(别名:特应性皮炎、特应性湿疹或遗传过敏性湿疹),在治疗上与湿疹相同。银屑病和副银屑病的许多治疗方法类似。临床上,糖皮质激素药和一些非激素药(如他克莫司和吡美莫司)治疗湿疹、异位性皮炎、白癜风、荨麻疹和副银屑病均效果显著。卡泊三醇和他卡西醇治疗银屑病、白癜风和副银屑病均有效。此外,对于轻中度银屑病、湿疹、特应性皮炎、白癜风和副银屑病患者,临床上主要使用外用药治疗。
代谢性疾病和心血管疾病包括高脂血症、高低密度脂蛋白(LDL)胆固醇血症、高胆固醇血症、高甘油三酯血症代谢综合征、糖尿病、肥胖、动脉粥样硬化、冠心病、冠状动脉疾病等,发病率高,对身体危害大,严重时危及生命。但目前治疗上诉疾病已获得显著疗效且副反应少的药物还很少。临床上,治疗高脂血症主要用他汀类药物,长期使用需要注意对肝脏和心脏的损伤,严重者导致死亡,需要密切监测肝酶和心肌酶谱。近年来上市的生物制剂新药因价格昂贵限制了其广泛应用。治疗糖尿病的药物主要有二甲双胍,无效患者均需使用胰岛素治疗。临床上需要寻找更多疗效好、副作用少、价格便宜的新药。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供具有药用价值的化合物PTM-3、PTM-4或其药学上可接受的盐。
本发明的另一目的在于提供上述化合物的制备方法。
本发明的进一步的目的在于提供上述化合物的用途。
本发明的目的可以通过以下措施达到:
本发明提供具有式I结构的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,
其中:
R1、R2、R3选自氢、卤素、羟基、氨基、甲氧基、氨甲基;
R4选自甲基、乙基;
其中R6和R8各自独立地选自H、甲基、卤素或(C1-C4)烷基,条件是R6和R8不能同时是卤素;
其中R10和R11各自独立地选自H、(C1-C4)烷基、或(C3-C5)环烷基;
其中R7选自羟基、(C1-C4)烷氧基、(C1-C4)烷氧基羰基氧基(C1-C4)烷氧基或(C1-C4)烷基羰基氧基(C1-C4)烷氧基;
R13选自H、(C1-C4)烷基、(C1-C4)烷基羰基氧基(C1-C4)烷基或(C1-C4)烷氧基羰基氧基(C1-C4)烷基;
R14选自H、(C1-C4)烷基、(C1-C4)烷基羰基氧基(C1-C4)烷基或(C1-C4)烷氧基羰基氧基(C1-C4)烷基;
R15选自四唑基、(C1-C2)烷基磺酰基或三氟甲基磺酰基,且R16是H、(C1-C4)烷基、(C1-C4) 烷基羰基氧基(C1-C4)烷基或(C1-C4)烷氧基羰基氧基(C1-C4)烷基。
在一些优选的实施方案中,R1优选为氯,R2和R3优选为氢。
在一些优选的实施方案中,R4优选为氢。
在本发明的一种具体实施方式中,本发明提供具有式II、式III结构的化合物(简称PTM-3、 PTM-4)或其药学上可接受的盐,
本发明还提供式II、式III所示化合物的制备方法:(R)-1-叔丁氧羰基-3-氨基哌啶和2-溴-3- 氯吡啶反应得到(R)-3-((3-氯吡啶-2-基)氨基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯,(R)-3-((3-氯吡啶-2-基)氨基) 哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯再与4-(3H-[1,2,3]三氮唑[4,5-b]吡啶-3-基)苯甲酸制得的酰氯反应合成哌啶酰胺,哌啶酰胺脱保护后甲基化和乙基化分别得到PTM-3、PTM-4。
包括以下步骤:
(1)(R)-1-叔丁氧羰基-3-氨基哌啶和2-溴-3-氯吡啶反应得到(R)-3-((3-氯吡啶-2-基)氨基) 哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯:
(R)-1-叔丁氧羰基-3-氨基哌啶和2-溴-3-氯吡啶在溶剂中,加入碱,氮气保护下加入催化剂及催化剂配体,于80~120℃,反应5~19小时,生成(R)-3-((3-氯吡啶-2-基)氨基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯;
(2)(R)-3-((3-氯吡啶-2-基)氨基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯与4-(3H-[1,2,3]三氮唑[4,5-b]吡啶-3- 基)苯甲酸制得的酰氯反应合成哌啶酰胺:
4-(3H-[1,2,3]三氮唑[4,5-b]吡啶-3-基)苯甲酸在溶剂中,加入草酰氯和催化剂N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,在25~55℃反应至澄清,减压回收溶剂后,残留物加入溶剂,加入(R)-3-((3-氯吡啶 -2-基)氨基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯,置冰水浴降温至5℃以下,加入胺基锂,得到叔丁氧羰基保护的哌啶酰胺。
(3)叔丁氧羰基保护的哌啶酰胺脱保护得到哌啶酰胺。
(4)哌啶酰胺分别甲基化、乙基化得到PTM-3和PTM-4。
在一些实施例中,本发明步骤(1)中反应溶剂选自C5~C6一元醇、甲苯、二氧六环、四氢呋喃或N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中的一种或几种,优选的反应溶剂为二氧六环。
在一些实施例中,本发明步骤(1)中所用的碱选自碳酸盐、醇钠、磷酸钾、磷酸钠、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾或双三甲基硅基胺基锂中的一种或几种,优选的碱为叔丁醇钠。
在一些实施例中,本发明步骤(1)中所用催化剂选自钯盐、钯络合物或膦配体中的一种或几种;包括但不限于乙酸钯、1,1‘-联-2-萘酚、三(二甲氨基)膦等,优选的钯催化剂为 RuPhos Pd G3,优选的配体为RuPhos。
在一些实施例中,本发明步骤(2)中所用的溶剂为非质子溶剂,使用的碱为胺基锂,优选为双三甲基硅基胺基锂。
在一些实施例中,本发明步骤(3)中所用的酸可以是氯化氢醇溶液或有机酸。
在一些实施例中,本发明步骤(4)中所用的烷基化的溶剂非质子溶剂,优选为二氯甲烷,烷基化试剂可以卤代烷。
本发明还提供一种药物组合物,以本发明式I或式II、式III所示化合物或其药学上可接受的盐为活性成分或主要活性成分,辅以药学上可接受的载体组成。
本发明还提供式I或式II、式III所示化合物在制备治疗和/或预防疾病药物中的应用。
在一些实施例中,本发明提供式I或式II、式III所示化合物在制备治疗和/或预防炎症免疫性疾病物中的应用。
在一些具体的实施例中,所述的炎症免疫性疾病为银屑病、湿疹、异位性皮炎、白癜风、荨麻疹、脂溢性皮炎和副银屑病等;优选的,所述的炎症免疫性疾病为银屑病或湿疹或异位性皮炎;本发明所述银屑病包括临床常见的各型银屑病,例如寻常型银屑病、脓疱型银屑病、红皮病型银屑病或关节病型银屑病。
在另一种具体的实施例中,所述的炎症免疫性疾病为类风湿性关节炎、强直性脊柱炎、克隆恩病、溃疡性结肠炎、哮喘、红斑狼疮、皮肌炎、硬皮病或干燥综合征等;优选的,所述的炎症免疫性疾病为类风湿性关节炎。
在一些实施例中,本发明提供式I或式II所示化合物在制备治疗和/或预防代谢性疾病和心血管疾病中的应用。本发明所述的代谢性疾病和心血管疾病包括但不限于高脂血症、高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症、高胆固醇血症、高甘油三酯血症、代谢综合征、糖尿病、肥胖、动脉粥样硬化、冠心病、冠状动脉疾病等;在一种具体的实施例中,所述的心血管疾病为高脂血症或糖尿病。
本发明所述的式I或式II所示化合物或组合物可制备为药学上允许的任何剂型,例如为适于口服、肠胃外、腹膜内、静脉内、动脉内、透皮、舌下、肌内、直肠、透颊、鼻内、吸入、阴道、眼内、局部、皮下、脂肪内、关节内、腹膜内或鞘内任意给药方式的制剂。
在一种优选的实施方式中,本发明所述的剂型为膏剂、片剂、冲剂、口服液剂、胶囊剂、滴丸剂、灌肠剂、膜剂或注射剂。
说明书中的定义:
“C5~C6一元醇”表示被一个羟基取代的含有5或6个碳原子的饱和的脂烃基,包括直链和支链基团。
本发明的化合物PTM-3、PTM-4或其药学上可接受的盐可应用于制药领域,如治疗和预防炎症免疫性疾病、代谢性疾病和心血管疾病药物方面。炎症免疫性疾病包括类风湿性关节炎、强直性脊柱炎、克隆恩病、溃疡性结肠炎、哮喘、红斑狼疮、皮肌炎、硬皮病、干燥综合征、银屑病、湿疹、异位性皮炎、白癜风、荨麻疹、脂溢性皮炎和副银屑病等。动物药效实验表明,此化合物PTM-3、PTM-4能够明显抑制银屑病小鼠和湿疹(异位性皮炎)小鼠炎症反应。同时,能明显降低高脂小鼠的胆固醇水平,增加糖尿病小鼠的糖耐量,减轻类风湿关节炎小鼠的关节炎症反应和症状。由于炎症是许多疾病的共同发病机制和通路,该化合物的药效包括但不限于以上疾病。该化合物可以单独使用也可以联合其他药物使用,为炎症免疫性疾病、代谢性疾病和心血管疾病的治疗提供了新的药物。
附图说明
图1 PTM能够明显减轻小鼠银屑病样炎症反应。
图2模型组小鼠的红斑、鳞屑、浸润及总分(红斑+鳞屑+浸润)均明显高于PTM治疗组,高剂量PTM治疗组的评分与糖皮质激素药治疗组无统计学差异。
图3 PTM-3、PTM-4能够明显抑制银屑病患者CD4+T细胞分泌IL-17、IFN-Gamma和IL-4。
图4湿疹模型组小鼠的耳厚度均明显高于PTM治疗组;PTM-3、PTM-4高剂量治疗组小鼠的耳厚度与糖皮质激素药治疗组比较无统计学差异。
图5 PTM-3、PTM-4能够明显降低湿疹模型组小鼠的血清IL-4水平。
图6 PTM-3、PTM-4能够降低类风湿关节炎大鼠血清IL-17水平,增加血清IL-10水平。
图7 PTM-3、PTM-4能降低高脂小鼠的胆固醇水平。
图8 PTM-3、PTM-4能够明显减少糖尿病小鼠体重、进食量和饮水量。
图9 PTM-3、PTM-4处理30天后糖尿病小鼠糖耐量增强,甘油三酯与胆固醇水平明显降低。
图10 PTM-4质谱。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步说明,应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明,凡在本发明的构思前提下对本发明制备方法的简单改进都属于本发明的保护范围之内。下面实施例未注明具体条件的实验方法,通常按照本领域的公知手段。下述实施例中所用的试验材料,如无特殊说明,均为自常规生化试剂商店购买得到的。
实施例1 制备(R)-4-(3H-[1,2,3]三唑并[4,5-b]吡啶-3-基)-N-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-N-(1- 甲基哌啶-3-基)苯甲酰胺(简称PTM-3)、(R)-4-(3H-[1,2,3]三唑并[4,5-b]吡啶-3-基)-N- (3-氯吡啶-2-基)-N-(1-乙基哌啶-3-基)苯甲酰胺(简称PTM-4)的方法:
1、合成线路
c
2、具体实施方式:
(1)(R)-3-((3-氯吡啶-2-基)氨基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯的合成
(R)-1-叔丁氧羰基-3-氨基哌啶11.8克、2-溴-3-氯吡啶11.0克、叔丁醇钠10.0克,二氧六环70ml加入到250ml三口瓶中,氮气保护,开启搅拌,加入0.1克RuPhosPd G3、0.1克配体RuPhos,加热至100℃,反应7小时,停止反应,倒入500ml水中,用乙酸乙酯1000ml 分次萃取,合并乙酸乙酯层后,用水200*3洗涤,回收乙酸乙酯层后得到残留膏状物,用硅胶拌样,经硅胶柱层析得到(R)-3-((3-氯吡啶-2-基)氨基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯约7克。
(2)哌啶酰胺的合成
4-(3H-[1,2,3]三氮唑[4,5-b]吡啶-3-基)苯甲酸6.62克加入到100ml圆底瓶中,加入70ml 预干燥的甲苯,1滴N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,2ml氯化亚砜于30℃加热搅拌至澄清,减压回收溶剂得到残留固体。加入50ml预干燥四氢呋喃50ml,7.47克(R)-3-((3-氯吡啶-2-基)氨基)哌啶-1- 甲酸叔丁酯,搅拌至澄清,置冰水浴,加入20ml双三甲基硅基胺基锂,搅拌1小时,撤去冰水浴,搅拌2小时,倒入500ml水中,用乙酸乙酯萃取,洗涤乙酸乙酯层后,减压回收溶剂得到膏状物约10克。
(3)哌啶胺的合成
哌啶酰胺10克,二氯甲烷50ml,5ml三氟乙酸,室温搅拌过夜。倒入100ml水中,加碳酸氢钠调节pH=10~11,用100ml二氯甲烷萃取,洗涤后,减压回收溶剂,得到膏状残留,经硅胶柱层析得到3.2克哌啶胺。
(4)PTM-3的合成
取1克哌啶胺于10ml二氯甲烷中溶解,加入1g碘甲烷,1g碳酸银室温避光搅拌48小时,反应液直接上硅胶柱层析得到0.6gPTM-3。
PTM-3的核磁共振数据Chemical Formula:C23H22ClN7O 氢谱d4-MeOH:8.83(1H),8.60(1H),8.54(1H),8.29(2H),7.82(1H),7.61(3H),7.42(1H), 5.06(1H),3.82(1H),3.63(1H),3.39(1H),2.95(1H),2.40-1.87(6H),1.55-1.41(1H)
(5)PTM-4的合成
取1克哌啶胺于10ml二氯甲烷中溶解,加入1g碘乙烷,1g碳酸银室温避光搅拌48小时,反应液直接上硅胶柱层析得到0.7gPTM-4(质谱见图10)。
实施例2 PTM抑制小鼠银屑病样炎症反应
1、材料:
阳性药(糖皮质激素药):糠酸莫米松乳膏(艾洛松),上海先灵葆雅制药有限公司产品。
动物:SPF级健康纯系小鼠(C57BL/6);8周龄。
PTM乳膏制备方法:基质组成成分包括甲基硅油(15%)、硬脂酸(6%)、白凡士林(5%)、液体石蜡(5%)、十八醇(5%)、甘油(20%)、烷基芳基聚乙醇醚(1%)、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚 (1%)、吐温-807(1%)、尼泊金乙酯(0.1%)、蒸馏水(约31-55%),与适量PTM液形成混合乳剂。
本实施例所用的乳膏基质是指PTM乳膏除去活性成分的基质成分。
2、实验方法:
(1)购SPF级雌性C57BL/6小鼠8周龄36只,随机分为空白对照组、模型组、阳性对照组(外用艾洛松乳膏)、低剂量治疗组(外用0.1%PTM乳膏)、中剂量治疗组(外用0.5% PTM乳膏)、高剂量治疗组(外用1%PTM乳膏)各5只。戊巴比妥钠80mg/kg腹腔注射麻醉后,背部剃毛,面积约为2cm×3cm,单笼饲养1天。
(2)空白对照组局部涂抹凡士林,模型组、阳性对照组和PTM治疗组背部每日定时涂抹5%咪喹莫特乳膏62.5mg,连续6天,每天拍照,进行PASI评分。
(3)在造模第1天,空白对照组和模型组外用乳膏基质,每天2次,治疗组外用0.1~1% PTM乳膏,每天2次。
3、实验结果:
(1)如图1所示,连续涂抹5%咪喹莫特乳膏6天后,模型组小鼠的背部涂药区域均出现明显红斑、鳞屑及浸润,而PTM治疗组小鼠的背部涂药区域的红斑、鳞屑及浸润均明显比模型组轻微,1%PTM乳膏治疗组的红斑、鳞屑及浸润接近阳性药治疗组。
(2)每天对小鼠背部涂药区域皮损进行评分,结果如图2所示,模型组小鼠的红斑、鳞屑、浸润及总分(红斑+鳞屑+浸润)均明显高于PTM治疗组(P<0.05),说明PTM能够明显抑制银屑病样小鼠模型的炎症反应,治疗效果与糖皮质激素药相当。
实施例3 化合物PTM-3和PTM-4对银屑病患者外周血CD4+T细胞分泌炎症细胞因子的影响
1、实验材料:
中国医学科学院皮肤病研究所活动期银屑病患者10例,10例正常人作为对照(通过中国医学科学院皮肤病研究所伦理委员会,均签署知情同意书),ELISA试剂盒均购自美国 Raybiotech公司。
2、实验方法:
(1)外周血CD4+T细胞的分离:
采集活动期银屑病患者以及正常人外周血10ml,Ficoll-Hypaque密度梯度离心法分离出外周血单一核细胞(PBMC),加入10倍体积1xBD磁珠缓冲液洗涤,然后每107细胞加入50ul BD IMag TM CD4+磁珠,充分混匀,室温孵育30分钟后,加入1ml 1xBD磁珠缓冲液,将细胞转移至圆底检测管中,置于磁力架8-10min。之后弃上清,将检测管移出磁场,用1ml1xBD磁珠缓冲液重悬附于管壁的细胞后,重新置入磁场2-4min,弃上清,移出磁场,再次重悬后置入磁场2-4min,弃上清后所得细胞可用于后续实验。实验所用BD IMag TM CD4+ 分离系统购于美国BD Biosciences公司。
(2)外周血CD4+T细胞分泌细胞因子的测定
加入化合物PTM-3或PTM-4进行细胞培养后收集上清液,其中以IFN-Gamma代表TH1型细胞因子,以IL-4代表TH2型细胞因子,以IL-17代表TH17型细胞因子,酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)检测上清液中IFN-Gamma,IL-4,IL-17水平。
3、实验结果:
(1)化合物PTM-3作用银屑病患者外周血CD4+T细胞前后,IL-17含量分别为 697±76pg/ml、275±26pg/ml,IFN-Gamma含量分别为4723±89pg/ml、1726±35pg/ml,IL-4含量分别为106±25pg/ml、71±18pg/ml。PTM-3作用后IL-17、IFN-Gamma和IL-4均显著下调 (P均<0.01)(图3)。
(2)化合物PTM-4作用银屑病患者外周血CD4+T细胞前后,IL-17含量分别为703±59pg/ml、281±24pg/ml,IFN-Gamma含量分别为4789±81pg/ml、1698±31pg/ml,IL-4含量分别为113±26pg/ml、68±17pg/ml。PTM-4作用后IL-17、IFN-Gamma和IL-4均显著下调 (P均<0.01)(图3)。
(2)PTM-3或PTM-4作用正常人外周血CD4+T细胞前后IL-17、IFN-Gamma和IL-4 含量均无明显变化(P均>0.05)。
4、实验结论:
结果提示化合物PTM-3或PTM-4能够显著抑制银屑病患者外周血CD4+T细胞分泌IL-17、IFN-Gamma和IL-4。
实施例4 PTM-3或PTM-4抑制小鼠湿疹模型的炎症反应
1、实验材料:
卵清蛋白(OVA):PBS配成20g/L,保存于-20℃。
卡泊三醇搽剂(达力士搽剂):丹麦利奥制药有限公司产品。
阳性药(糖皮质激素药):糠酸莫米松乳膏(艾洛松),上海先灵葆雅制药有限公司产品。
PTM-3或PTM-4乳膏和基质:制备方法同实施例2。
动物:SPF级健康纯系小鼠(C57BL/6);8周龄。
2、实验方法:
购SPF级雌性C57BL/6小鼠8周龄(0.02kg)30只,随机分为空白对照组(6只)、模型组(6只)、阳性药组(6只)、低剂量治疗组(外用0.1%PTM-3乳膏或0.1%PTM-4乳膏) (各6只)、中剂量治疗组(外用0.5%PTM-3乳膏或0.5%PTM-4乳膏)(各6只)、高剂量治疗组(外用1%PTM-3乳膏或1%PTM-4乳膏)(各6只)。
造模:正常对照组小鼠两侧耳部涂抹75%乙醇14.3ul,同时模型组、阳性药组和PTM-3 或PTM-4治疗组每日定时先在两侧耳部涂抹1nmoI/L卡泊三醇搽剂14.3ul,风干后涂抹20g/L 的OVA 25ul,每日1次,连续涂抹12d造模。
造模开始后4天起,在空白对照组和模型组小鼠耳部皮肤上涂抹PTM-3、PTM-4乳膏基质,阳性药组小鼠耳部皮肤上涂抹艾洛松,PTM-3或PTM-4治疗组小鼠耳部皮肤上涂抹PTM-3乳膏或PTM-4乳膏(浓度0.1~1%),每天早晚2次,连续10天,每天拍照,进行评分。
分别在造模前和第14天用耳厚度测量仪测量记录小鼠耳廓厚度。于第14天测量完毕后脱颈处死小鼠,取血,分离血清。
用兔抗小鼠白介素(IL)-4抗体包被酶标板,4℃过夜,按照ELISA试剂盒说明书操作染色并终止反应,检测血清IL-4水平。ELISA试剂盒均购自美国Raybiotech公司。
3、实验结果:
(1)小鼠耳厚度比较:造模前,各组间耳厚度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。造模后,各组小鼠耳厚度见表1。模型组显著高于PTM-3或PTM-4低剂量乳膏组、中剂量乳膏组、高剂量乳膏组、阳性药组和空白对照组(P均<0.01),阳性药组与PTM-3或PTM-4高剂量乳膏组间差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)(图4)。
表1造模后各组小鼠耳厚度
(2)血清IL-4浓度:造模前,各组间血清IL-4浓度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。造模后,各组小鼠外周血中血清IL-4水平见表2。模型组显著其他各组(P均<0.01),阳性药组与PTM-3或PTM-4高剂量乳膏组间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(图5)
表2造模后各组小鼠外周血中IL-4水平
实施例5、PTM-3或PTM-4能改善类风湿关节炎(RA)小鼠的关节症状和炎症指标
1、实验材料与方法
(1)实验材料
弗氏完全佐剂(Freund′s Adjuvant Complete,FCA,购于美国Sigma公司);IL-10ELISA 试剂盒(联科生物技术有限公司);IL-17 ELISA试剂盒(美国Raybiotech公司)。
(2)实验动物分组及处理
5周龄雌性Wistar大鼠18只,将动物随机分为对照组、RA模型组、PTM-3和PTM-4 治疗组(10mg/kg),每组6只。对照组:用75%酒精对大鼠右足趾进行消毒,将0.15mL生理盐水注射于大鼠右足跖皮下。RA模型组:于实验开始第一天每只大鼠进行常规消毒,将 FCA0.15mL注射于大鼠右足跖皮下。PTM-3或PTM-4治疗组:于实验开始后第一天,每只大鼠进行常规消毒,将FCA 0.15mL注射于大鼠右足跖皮下,7天后开始给予药物干预,每天 PTM-3或PTM-4灌胃,剂量为10mg/kg,每日2次,连续21天。PTM-3或PTM-4干预后第21天对大鼠进行心脏采血3mL,分离血清,ELISA法检测大鼠血清中IL-10、IL-17的水平,按照试剂盒说明书操作。
(3)观察指标
PTM-3或PTM-4干预第21天后,对每组大鼠进行关节炎评分,测量每组大鼠右足趾的关节肿胀度。根据RA大鼠的炎症反应对踝关节的严重程度按0~4级进行评分0分,正常;1分,踝关节有微红及轻微肿胀;2分,踝关节至跖关节或掌关节有红斑及轻微肿胀;3分,踝关节至掌关节或跖趾关节有红斑及中度肿胀;4分,踝关节至趾关节严重红肿。将每只大鼠的四肢评分相加作为关节炎评分,最高分为16分。
(4)数据处理及统计学分析
采用SPSS13.统计软件处理数据,采用方差分析对多组计量资料的均数进行比较,数据用(x±s)表示。检验水准取双侧α=0.05,P<0.05为差异具有统计学意义。
2、实验结果
(1)大鼠一般表现
RA模型组大鼠与对照组相比,食欲减退、精神萎靡,活动受限,左右足趾逐渐肿胀。PTM-3或PTM-4干预21天后较其他组均有所好转。
(2)大鼠的体质量、关节肿胀度和关节炎评分
药物干预21天后,对照组体质量高于其他各组,差异具有统计学意义(P均<0.05);RA模型组右足趾关节肿胀度及关节炎评分均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05), PTM-3或PTM-4治疗组关节肿胀度和关节炎评分低于RA模型组,差异具有统计学意义(见表3)。
表3各组大鼠关节炎指标比较
组别 | N | 体质量(g) | 肿胀度(mm) | 关节评分 |
对照组 | 6 | 367.1±18.62<sup>*</sup> | 8.5±0.32<sup>*</sup> | —— |
PTM-3治疗组 | 6 | 353.3±13.45<sup>*</sup> | 9.5±0.65<sup>*</sup> | 4.62±0.46<sup>*</sup> |
PTM-4治疗组 | 6 | 351.4±12.97<sup>*</sup> | 9.3±0.61<sup>*</sup> | 4.61±0.43<sup>*</sup> |
RA模型组 | 6 | 295.4±9.63<sup>#</sup> | 10.4±1.45<sup>#</sup> | 6.63±0.39<sup>#</sup> |
注:*与RA模型组比较P<0.05,#与治疗组比较P<0.05
(3)各组大鼠血清中IL-10、IL-17水平比较
对照组和PTM-3或PTM-4治疗组大鼠血清中IL-10含量高于RA模型组(P均<0.05);对照组和PTM-3或PTM-4治疗组大鼠血清中IL-17水平低于RA模型组,差异具有统计学意义(P均<0.05)(见表4和图6)。
表4各组大鼠血清IL-10和IL-17水平比较
组别 | N | IL-17(pg/mL) | IL-10(pg/mL) |
对照组 | 6 | 36.83±3.28<sup>*</sup> | 72.57±8.42<sup>*</sup> |
PTM-3治疗组 | 6 | 46.11±3.93<sup>*</sup> | 65.78±6.82<sup>*</sup> |
PTM-4治疗组 | 6 | 45.89±3.81<sup>*</sup> | 67.12±6.65<sup>*</sup> |
RA模型组 | 6 | 60.16±6.05<sup>#</sup> | 45.76±5.63<sup>#</sup> |
注:*与RA模型组比较P<0.05,#与治疗组比较P<0.05
实施例6、PTM-3、PTM-4能降低高脂小鼠的胆固醇水平
1、实验方法和结果:
(1)购SPF级C57BL/6小鼠6周龄18只,分2组,每组9只,分别使用普通饲料和高脂饲料喂养。喂养45天后,尾静脉采血约100μL,分别检测血浆中总胆固醇TC以及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇LDLC含量。
(2)将高血脂症小鼠分为三组,每组6只,阴性对照组注射生理盐水,PTM-3治疗组(注射PTM-3),PTM-4治疗组(注射PTM-4),尾静脉注射,注射剂量为10mg/kg,每日1次。小鼠给药后每隔3天取血测定总胆固醇含量。
2、实验结果
(1)对比高脂喂食前的实验数据,高脂饲料喂食后,小鼠血浆中的总胆固醇以及低密度脂蛋白(LDL)胆固醇水平明显升高,说明高脂小鼠模型构建成功。(2)与对照组相比,PTM-3和PTM-4治疗组LDL胆固醇含量均明显下降,在注射后第3-6天的时候出现最低值(图7)。结果提示PTM-3、PTM-4均能显著降低血浆中LDL胆固醇水平。
实施例8、PTM-3、PTM-4能降低糖尿病小鼠的体重、进食量和饮水量,增强口服糖耐量,降低血甘油三酯及LDL胆固醇水平。
1、材料和方法:
(1)实验动物
8周龄雄性BKS.Cg.Dock7m+/+Leprdb/JNju小鼠置于SPF级动物房饲养。将模型鼠随机分成治疗组和对照组,6只/组,对照组小鼠每天分别给予200ug生理盐水,治疗组分别给予 PTM-3或PTM-4(20mg/kg)灌胃给药,每日1次,处理1月。
(2)检测小鼠体重、进食量和进水量
对照组和PTM-3或PTM-4治疗组小鼠每7天检测1次体重、食物摄入量和水分摄人量。
(4)甘油三酯及胆固醇浓度测定
经过1月PTM-3或PTM-4处理后,将小鼠麻醉后心脏取血,血液室温静置1h,6000r/min 离心5min,分离血清,用HITAcHI 7150全自动生化分析仪测定甘油三酯和胆固醇浓度。
(5)口服糖耐量(0GTT)测定
每15天进行1次口服糖耐量测试。在实验前将各组小鼠断粮12h,测定空腹血糖后,立即给予每组小鼠一定量的葡萄糖溶液灌胃,分别测定灌胃后30、60、120分钟时间点的血糖浓度,用血糖检测仪测定血糖浓度。测定结果进行统计分析。
2、实验结果:
(1)PTM-3、PTM-4能够明显减少糖尿病小鼠体重、进食量和饮水量。
与生理盐水对照组相比,PTM-3治疗组和PTM-4治疗组灌胃给药后可明显减少糖尿病小鼠的体重,进食量与饮水量(图8)。
(2)PTM-3、PTM-4能够增强糖尿病小鼠的口服糖耐量,明显降低甘油三酯及LDL胆固醇水平。
实验开始后15d和30d对两组小鼠进行餐后口服糖耐量检测(OGTT)。在第15天PTM-3 和PTM-4治疗组的餐后血糖与对照组均没有出现显著性差异。而在第30天PTM-3和PTM-4治疗组空腹血糖均显著低于对照组,口服糖耐量明显升高,血糖变化稳定。口服葡萄糖后2h血糖基本恢复到正常水平(图9)。与对照组相比,PTM-3或PTM-4处理30d后血清中甘油三酯与胆固醇水平均明显降低(P均<0.01,图9)。
Claims (10)
1.具有式I结构的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,
其中:
R1、R2、R3选自氢、卤素、羟基、氨基、甲氧基、氨甲基;
R4选自甲基、乙基;
其中R6和R8各自独立地选自H、甲基、卤素或(C1-C4)烷基,条件是R6和R8不能同时是卤素;
其中R10和R11各自独立地选自H、(C1-C4)烷基或(C3-C5)环烷基;
其中R7选自羟基、(C1-C4)烷氧基、(C1-C4)烷氧基羰基氧基、(C1-C4)烷氧基或(C1-C4)烷基羰基氧基、(C1-C4)烷氧基;
R13选自H、(C1-C4)烷基、(C1-C4)烷基羰基氧基、(C1-C4)烷基或(C1-C4)烷氧基羰基氧基、(C1-C4)烷基;
R14选自H、(C1-C4)烷基、(C1-C4)烷基羰基氧基、(C1-C4)烷基或(C1-C4)烷氧基羰基氧基、(C1-C4)烷基;
R15选自四唑基、(C1-C2)烷基磺酰基或三氟甲基磺酰基,且R16是H、(C1-C4)烷基、(C1-C4)烷基羰基氧基(C1-C4)烷基或(C1-C4)烷氧基羰基氧基(C1-C4)烷基。
2.根据权利要求1所述的式I结构的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,R1为氯,R2和R3为氢。
3.根据权利要求1所述的式I结构的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,R4为甲基或乙基。
6.权利要求5中式II、式III所示化合物的制备方法:(R)-1-叔丁氧羰基-3-氨基哌啶和2-溴-3-氯吡啶反应得到(R)-3-((3-氯吡啶-2-基)氨基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯,(R)-3-((3-氯吡啶-2-基)氨基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯再与4-(3H-[1,2,3]三氮唑[4,5-b]吡啶-3-基)苯甲酸制得的酰氯反应合成哌啶酰胺,哌啶酰胺脱保护后甲基化和乙基化分别得到PTM-3和PTM-4。
7.一种药物组合物,以权利要求1中式I所示化合物或权利要求5中式II、式III所示化合物或其药学上可接受的盐为活性成分或主要活性成分,辅以药学上可接受的载体组成。
8.权利要求1中式I所示化合物或权利要求5中式II、式III所示化合物在制备治疗和/或预防疾病药物中的应用。
9.权利要求1~4任一项中式I所示化合物或权利要求5中式II、式III所示化合物或权利要求7所述的组合物在制备治疗和/或预防炎症免疫性疾病药物中的应用,优选的,所述的炎症免疫性疾病为银屑病、湿疹、异位性皮炎、白癜风、荨麻疹或副银屑病;更优选的,所述的炎症免疫性疾病为银屑病或湿疹或异位性皮炎;所述银屑病包括寻常型银屑病、脓疱型银屑病、红皮病型银屑病或关节病型银屑病;或者,所述的炎症免疫性疾病优选为类风湿性关节炎、强直性脊柱炎、克隆恩病、溃疡性结肠炎、哮喘、红斑狼疮、皮肌炎、硬皮病或干燥综合征;更优选的,所述的炎症免疫性疾病为类风湿性关节炎。
10.权利要求1~4任一项中式I所示化合物或权利要求5中式II、式III所示化合物或权利要求7所述的组合物在制备治疗和/或预防代谢性疾病和心血管疾病药物中的应用,优选的,所述的代谢性疾病和心血管疾病为高脂血症、高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症、高胆固醇血症、高甘油三酯血症、代谢综合征、糖尿病、肥胖、动脉粥样硬化、冠心病或冠状动脉疾病;更优选的,所述的代谢性疾病和心血管疾病为高脂血症或糖尿病。
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