CN113371951A - Pond culture water body in-situ ecological purification system based on aquatic plant and microorganism coupling mode - Google Patents

Pond culture water body in-situ ecological purification system based on aquatic plant and microorganism coupling mode Download PDF

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CN113371951A
CN113371951A CN202110834079.8A CN202110834079A CN113371951A CN 113371951 A CN113371951 A CN 113371951A CN 202110834079 A CN202110834079 A CN 202110834079A CN 113371951 A CN113371951 A CN 113371951A
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area
water
culture
ecological
water body
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秦红杰
吴昊平
尤毅
邹春萍
陈金峰
王代容
杨思雨
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Environmental Horticulture Institute of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Environmental Horticulture Institute of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
    • A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/38—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/20—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/24—Separation of coarse particles, e.g. by using sieves or screens
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
    • C02F3/301—Aerobic and anaerobic treatment in the same reactor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F7/00—Aeration of stretches of water
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
    • Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/60—Fishing; Aquaculture; Aquafarming

Abstract

The invention discloses a pond culture water body in-situ ecological purification system based on a coupling mode of aquatic plants and microorganisms, which comprises a tail water inlet and a water outlet, wherein the water outlet can be connected with a ditch or a river surge, and the pond culture water body in-situ ecological purification system also comprises a precipitation mineralization area, a powerful decontamination area, a deep purification area, a water quality regulation area and an ecological culture area, wherein the precipitation mineralization area is connected with the tail water inlet, the powerful decontamination area is connected with the precipitation mineralization area, the water quality regulation area is connected with the water outlet, and the deep purification area is connected with the water quality regulation area; the ecological breeding area is positioned between the powerful decontamination area and the deep purification area. According to the invention, through the combination of different living types of aquatic plants and the scientific configuration of microbial preparations, the symbiosis of the aquatic plants and pond fishes is realized, the ecological purification of the pond culture water body and the recycling of nutrient substances such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body are realized, and the treatment and ecological purification effects of the culture water body are improved.

Description

Pond culture water body in-situ ecological purification system based on aquatic plant and microorganism coupling mode
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage purification, in particular to a pond culture water body in-situ ecological purification system based on a coupling mode of aquatic plants and microorganisms.
Background
In recent years, high-density intensive culture has become the main pond culture mode in China based on technical progress and mode upgrading. Therefore, the pond culture area and the aquatic product yield of China are all the first in the world. However, the traditional high-density culture method causes a large amount of residual baits and excrement to be discharged into a culture water body, and continuously releases nutrient substances such as nitrogen and phosphorus into the water body, thereby easily causing eutrophication of the water body. If the part of nutrition can not be removed or controlled in time, not only the culture habitat is damaged, but also the pathogenic probability of the cultured aquatic products is increased, and even fish and shrimp are killed. The unpurified aquaculture water is directly discharged, so that the nutrient load of the natural water body is increased, and the natural habitat is damaged. Therefore, the in-situ purification of the aquaculture water body in the pond is not only an urgent requirement for healthy cultivation, but also one of the important contents for water environment protection.
With the continuous development of economy and the increasing improvement of the living standard of people, the demand of consumers on green and healthy aquatic products gradually rises, and high-quality aquatic products depend on high-quality aquaculture water environment. Therefore, the research and development and the application of the ecological purification technology of the aquaculture water body are urgent. At present, the methods for purifying tail water of aquaculture mainly comprise: ectopic purification modes such as a three-pond two-dam mode, a fish-vegetable symbiotic mode, an artificial wetland mode and the like have large occupied area, and farmers can hardly use the cutting-house land for tail water purification alone.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a pond culture water body in-situ ecological purification system based on a coupling mode of aquatic plants and microorganisms.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a pond culture water body in-situ ecological purification system based on a coupling mode of aquatic plants and microorganisms comprises a tail water inlet and a tail water outlet, wherein the water outlet can be connected with a ditch or a river surge, and the pond culture water body in-situ ecological purification system further comprises a precipitation mineralization area, a powerful decontamination area, a deep purification area, a water quality regulation area and an ecological culture area, wherein the precipitation mineralization area is connected with the tail water inlet, the powerful decontamination area is connected with the precipitation mineralization area, the water quality regulation area is connected with the water outlet, and the deep purification area is connected with the water quality regulation area; the ecological breeding area is positioned between the strong decontamination area and the deep purification area;
the high-efficiency decontamination area sequentially consists of an eichhornia crassipes controlled-culture area, an Oncomelania aquatica controlled-culture area and a watermifoil controlled-culture area;
the deep purification area consists of an swamp cabbage culture control area, a Leersia hexandra swamp culture control area and a Hemerocallis citrina culture control area in sequence;
still include first micro-nano oxygenation device, the micro-nano oxygenation device of second, first micro-nano oxygenation device, the micro-nano oxygenation device of second set up respectively in the bottom of imitateing decontamination area and degree of depth purification district, just first micro-nano oxygenation device sets up to be close to the waters that district and water lettuce controlled to support the district are supported in the phoenix-eye-drop accuse, the micro-nano oxygenation device of second sets up to be close to the waters that district and lees standing grain controlled to support the district are supported in the water spinach control.
It should be noted that, the sedimentation mineralization area is periodically fed with microbial agents to accelerate mineralization of organic matters and convert more organic nitrogen into ammonium nitrogen.
The ecological culture area is matched with cultured herbivorous fishes and filter feeding fishes; the fish bait is aquatic plant in the controlled culture area, and artificial bait is not required to be added.
The height of the water level in the system is that an overflow weir I of a tail water inlet larger than the sediment mineralization area is larger than an overflow weir II of an ecological culture area larger than the water quality regulation area and larger than a water outlet, wherein the fall is 2-3 cm.
The invention further comprises a fixing structure, wherein the fixing structure comprises a cable, floating balls, a nylon net and a weight piece, the cable is respectively connected to two sides of the nylon net in a penetrating manner, the floating balls are arranged on the nylon net on one side, and the weight piece is hung on the other side of the nylon net; one side of the nylon net floats on the water surface through the floating ball, and the bottom end of the nylon net on the other side is settled to bottom mud through the counterweight; the aperture of the nylon net is 1 cm; the aquatic plants in the controlled culture area can be prevented from escaping along with water flow through the fixing structure, and meanwhile, fishes in the ecological culture area can be prevented from entering the controlled culture area.
It is further noted that the switch area provided with the cable close to the shore side facilitates the regular harvesting and transportation of the aquatic plants in the controlled-culture area.
The invention also comprises a plurality of ecological floating beds, and the watermifoil is cultured on the ecological floating beds; the ecological floating beds are composed of PVC frames and polyethylene mesh cloth covering the PVC frames, a plurality of ecological floating beds are connected through ropes, and two ends of the ecological floating bed on the outermost side are fixed to the bank; the aperture of the polyethylene mesh cloth is 2 cm.
The invention also provides a method for purifying the pond culture water body in-situ ecological purification system based on the coupling mode of the aquatic plants and the microorganisms, wherein sewage is introduced through a tail water inlet, tail water is firstly injected into a precipitation mineralization area, the tail water is subjected to temporary precipitation in the area and then flows into a strong decontamination area through an overflow weir I, the strong decontamination area mainly comprises floating plants with stain resistance, ammonium nitrogen resistance and strong decontamination capability, the water body subjected to strong decontamination flows into the ecological culture area and then flows into a deep purification area for purification, the purified water body flows into a water quality regulation area, and the water body subjected to regulation and purification in the area is discharged to a connecting channel or river through a water outlet through an overflow weir II.
Furthermore, when the water body flows into the water outlet from the water quality adjusting area, the water body firstly passes through the stainless steel grating to intercept plant fallen leaves or solid waste.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the symbiosis of fishes and grasses is realized, the shortage of pond output in a tail water purification mode is made up, the investment is low, and the cost is low; after the plants are harvested, the plants are treated with baits for recycling, the quality of aquatic products is improved, physical aeration, aquatic plants and biomembrane materials are combined with a water area according to water ecology, the utilization rate of a stereoscopic space of the pond is high, and the occupied area is small; through the combination of different living aquatic plants and the scientific configuration of microbial agents, the symbiosis of the aquatic plants and pond fishes is realized, the ecological purification of a pond culture water body and the recycling of nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in the water body are realized, and the treatment and ecological purification effects of the culture water body are improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be noted that the following examples are provided to illustrate the detailed embodiments and specific operations based on the technical solutions of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the examples.
As shown in the figure, the invention relates to a pond culture water body in-situ ecological purification system based on a coupling mode of aquatic plants and microorganisms, which comprises a tail water inlet 100 and a water outlet 200, wherein the water outlet 200 can be connected with a ditch or a river surge, and the system also comprises a precipitation mineralization area 1, a strong decontamination area 2, a deep purification area 3, a water quality regulation area 4 and an ecological culture area 5, wherein the precipitation mineralization area 1 is connected with the tail water inlet 100, the strong decontamination area 2 is connected with the precipitation mineralization area 1, the water quality regulation area 4 is connected with the water outlet 200, and the deep purification area 3 is connected with the water quality regulation area 4; the ecological breeding area 5 is positioned between the high-efficiency decontamination area 2 and the deep purification area 3.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the high-efficiency decontamination area 2 of the invention sequentially consists of an eichhornia crassipes controlled-culture area 21, an Ottelia aquatica controlled-culture area 22 and a watermifoil controlled-culture area 23;
furthermore, the deep purification area 3 of the invention sequentially consists of an swamp cabbage nutrient control area 31, a Leersia hexandra grass nutrient control area 32 and a yellow croaker nutrient control area 33;
furthermore, the invention also comprises a first micro-nano oxygen increasing device and a second micro-nano oxygen increasing device, wherein the first micro-nano oxygen increasing device and the second micro-nano oxygen increasing device are respectively arranged at the bottoms of the effective decontamination area and the deep purification area, the first micro-nano oxygen increasing device is arranged in a water area close to the eichhornia crassipes culture control area 21 and the water lettuce culture control area 22, and the second micro-nano oxygen increasing device is arranged in a water area close to the water spinach culture control area 31 and the leersia hexandra culture control area 32.
It should be noted that the sedimentation mineralization area is periodically added with microbial agents to accelerate mineralization of organic matters, so that more organic nitrogen is converted into ammonium nitrogen, and the ammonium nitrogen is rapidly removed by the aquatic plants in the powerful decontamination area.
The ecological culture area is matched with cultured herbivorous fishes and filter feeding fishes; the fish bait is aquatic plant in the controlled culture area, and artificial bait is not required to be added.
The height of the water level in the system is that an overflow weir I of a tail water inlet, which is larger than the sediment mineralization area, is larger than an overflow weir II of an ecological culture area, which is larger than the water quality regulation area, is larger than the water outlet, and the fall is 2-3 cm.
The invention further comprises a fixing structure, wherein the fixing structure comprises a cable, floating balls, a nylon net and a weight piece, the cable is respectively connected to two sides of the nylon net in a penetrating manner, the floating balls are arranged on the nylon net on one side, and the weight piece is hung on the other side of the nylon net; one side of the nylon net floats on the water surface through the floating ball, and the bottom end of the nylon net on the other side is settled to bottom mud through the counterweight; the aperture of the nylon net is 1 cm; the aquatic plants in the controlled culture area can be prevented from escaping along with water flow through the fixing structure, and meanwhile, fishes in the ecological culture area can be prevented from entering the controlled culture area.
It is further noted that the switch area provided with the cable close to the shore side is convenient for the aquatic plants in the controlled culture area to be harvested regularly.
The invention also comprises a plurality of ecological floating beds, and the watermifoil is cultured on the ecological floating beds; the ecological floating beds are composed of PVC frames and polyethylene mesh cloth covering the PVC frames, a plurality of ecological floating beds are connected through ropes, and two ends of the ecological floating bed on the outermost side are fixed to the bank; the aperture of the polyethylene mesh cloth is 2cm
The invention also provides a method for purifying the pond culture water body in-situ ecological purification system based on the coupling mode of the aquatic plants and the microorganisms, wherein sewage is introduced through a tail water inlet, tail water is firstly injected into a precipitation mineralization area, the tail water is subjected to temporary precipitation in the area and then flows into a strong decontamination area through an overflow weir I, the strong decontamination area mainly comprises floating plants with stain resistance, ammonium nitrogen resistance and strong decontamination capability, the water body subjected to strong decontamination flows into the ecological culture area and then flows into a deep purification area for purification, the purified water body flows into a water quality regulation area, and the water body subjected to regulation and purification in the area is discharged to a connecting channel or river through a water outlet through an overflow weir II.
Furthermore, when the water body flows into the water outlet from the water quality adjusting area, the water body firstly passes through the stainless steel grating to intercept plant fallen leaves or solid waste.
Examples
The function and function of the various zones in the system of the present invention are described in further detail below.
A tail water inlet: and leading tail water to be purified from the high-density culture pond to the in-situ ecological purification pond through the underflow type corrugated pipe. (water level: tail water inlet > overflow weir I of sedimentation and mineralization area > ecological culture area > overflow weir II of regulation area > water outlet, fall 2-3cm)
A precipitation mineralization area: tail water is firstly injected into a precipitation mineralization area, passes through an overflow weir I after being subjected to short-term precipitation in the area and flows into a strong decontamination area. Microbial agents (mainly bacillus) are regularly released in the area, mineralization of organic matters is accelerated, more organic nitrogen is converted into ammonium nitrogen, and the ammonium nitrogen is rapidly removed through aquatic plants, biological membrane materials and the like in the downstream powerful decontamination area.
A powerful decontamination area: the area is mainly made of floating plants with stain resistance, ammonium nitrogen resistance and strong decontamination capability, such as eichhornia crassipes, water lettuce and watermifoil. At water hyacinth and water lettuce accuse culture waters bottom, add the micro-nano oxygenation device in bottom, adjust the water dissolved oxygen, improve microbial activity, near root system forms the different environment of good oxygen, oxygen deficiency and anaerobism, and developed root system provides good attached to and survival condition for different microorganisms, secretes oxygen through the root system and improves the local oxygen environment of rhizosphere, improves the pollutant removal effect. The waterbody oxygenation effect of the waterbody is remarkable, a series of biomembrane materials are fixed under the water of the floating bed (PVC frame and polyethylene grid cloth) of the waterbody oxygenation device, a propagation expanding place is provided for microorganisms, the biological removal effect of the microorganisms is increased, different ecological floating beds are connected through ropes, and two ends of the floating beds are fixed on the bank side of the pond.
A deep purification area: the region mainly comprises trailing and gramineous plants, and sequentially comprises water spinach, leersia hexandra and yellow croaker from an ecological breeding region, and the planting mode of the region is the same as that of the watermifoil, and the water spinach is planted by adopting an ecological floating bed. The bottom of the area is provided with a bottom micro-nano oxygenation device.
A water quality adjusting area: the purified tail water is injected into a stainless steel grating through an overflow weir II in the region to intercept solid wastes such as plant fallen leaves and the like.
A tail water outlet: the outer side of the water outlet is connected with a ditch or river surge.
Ecological breed district: the area accounts for more than 80% of the whole purification system, grass-eating fishes and filter-eating fishes such as grass carp, tilapia, lotus flower, silver carp and the like are bred in the area, and plants collected periodically in the system are used as baits to feed the fishes, so that the water body resource recycling is realized.
And (3) controlling and culturing the water hyacinth: through hawser + floater + nylon wire + counter weight structure realization eichhornia crassipes's safe accuse is supported, nylon wire hole diameter phi 1cm, through the counter weight with nylon wire bottom and bed mud contact, place fish and get into accuse and support the district, set up hawser opening district near bank side simultaneously, make things convenient for the plant to gather regularly, stir through the bamboo pole and can accomplish the work of gathering.
The water lily culture control area comprises: through hawser + floater + nylon wire + counter weight structure realization water lettuce's safe accuse is supported, nylon wire hole diameter phi 1cm, through the counter weight with nylon wire bottom and bed mud contact, place fish and get into the accuse and support the district, set up hawser near the bank side simultaneously and lean on the mouth district, make things convenient for the plant to gather regularly, stir through the bamboo pole and can accomplish the work of gathering.
The watermifoil algae control and culture area: on the watermifoil algae controlled culture and ecological floating bed, the ecological floating bed structure is a PVC frame and polyethylene grid cloth, the aperture diameter of the polyethylene grid cloth is phi 2cm, the specification of the floating bed is 3m multiplied by 1m, different floating beds are connected through ropes, and two ends of the floating bed are fixed at the pond edge.
Controlling the water spinach to be cultivated: the structure and the controlled culture mode are the same as those of the controlled culture area of the watermifoil.
A Leersia hexandra breeding control area: the structure and the controlled culture mode are the same as those of the controlled culture area of the watermifoil algae, and the aperture diameter of the polyethylene grid cloth is 1 cm.
A yellow croaker water dragon culture control area: the structure and the controlled culture mode are the same as those of the controlled culture area of the watermifoil.
First micro-nano oxygenation: an underwater micro-nano bubble generating device is arranged to realize underwater efficient persistent oxygenation, and the device is arranged in a water area controlled by water hyacinth and water lettuce.
And (3) second micro-nano oxygenation: an underwater micro-nano bubble generating device is arranged to realize efficient and durable oxygenation underwater, and the device is arranged in a water spinach, leek grass and yellow croaker culture control area.
An overflow weir I: the device is arranged outside the precipitation mineralization area and is provided with 3 overflow ports in total, so that tail water after physical precipitation and biological mineralization purification flows into the powerful decontamination area.
Various corresponding changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art based on the above technical solutions and concepts, and all such changes and modifications should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A pond culture water body in-situ ecological purification system based on an aquatic plant and microorganism coupling mode comprises a tail water inlet and a water outlet, wherein the water outlet can be connected with a ditch or a river surge; the ecological breeding area is positioned between the strong decontamination area and the deep purification area;
the high-efficiency decontamination area sequentially consists of an eichhornia crassipes controlled-culture area, an Oncomelania aquatica controlled-culture area and a watermifoil controlled-culture area;
the deep purification area consists of an swamp cabbage culture control area, a Leersia hexandra swamp culture control area and a Hemerocallis citrina culture control area in sequence;
still include first micro-nano oxygenation device, the micro-nano oxygenation device of second, first micro-nano oxygenation device, the micro-nano oxygenation device of second set up respectively in the strong decontamination area and the deep purification district bottom, just first micro-nano oxygenation device sets up to be close to the waters in water hyacinth accuse support district and water lettuce accuse support district, the micro-nano oxygenation device of second sets up to be close to the waters in water spinach accuse support district and lees standing grain accuse support district.
2. The in-situ ecological purification system for pond culture water body based on aquatic plant and microorganism coupling mode as claimed in claim, wherein the sedimentation mineralization area is used for putting microorganism preparation regularly to accelerate mineralization of organic matter, so that more organic nitrogen is converted into ammonium nitrogen.
3. The in-situ ecological purification system for pond culture water body based on aquatic plant and microorganism coupling mode as claimed in claim, wherein the ecological culture area is used for cultivating herbivorous fishes and filter feeding fishes; the fish bait is aquatic plant in the controlled culture area, and artificial bait is not required to be added.
4. The in-situ ecological purification system for pond culture water body based on aquatic plant and microorganism coupling mode as claimed in claim, wherein the height of water level in the system is such that the overflow weir I of tail water inlet larger than the precipitation mineralization area is larger than the overflow weir II of ecological culture area larger than the water quality regulation area is larger than the water outlet, wherein the fall is 2-3 cm.
5. The method for purifying the pond culture water body in-situ ecological purification system based on the aquatic plant and microorganism coupling mode is characterized in that sewage is introduced through a tail water inlet, tail water is firstly injected into a precipitation mineralization area, the tail water is subjected to temporary precipitation in the area and then flows into a strong decontamination area through an overflow weir I, the strong decontamination area mainly comprises floating plants with stain resistance, ammonium nitrogen resistance and strong decontamination capability, the water body subjected to strong decontamination flows into the ecological culture area and then flows into a deep purification area for purification, the purified water body flows into a water quality regulation area, and the water body subjected to regulation and purification in the area is discharged to a connecting ditch or a river through an overflow weir II.
6. The purification method of the in-situ ecological purification system for the pond culture water body based on the coupling mode of the aquatic plants and the microorganisms as claimed in claim 5, wherein when the water body flows from the water quality regulation area to the water outlet, the water body firstly passes through a stainless steel grating to intercept fallen leaves of plants or solid wastes.
7. The method for purifying an in-situ ecological purification system of a pond culture water body based on an aquatic plant and microorganism coupling mode as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a fixing structure, wherein the fixing structure comprises a cable, a floating ball, a nylon net and a weight member, the cable is respectively threaded on two sides of the nylon net, the floating ball is arranged on the nylon net on one side, and the weight member is hung on the other side of the nylon net; one side of the nylon net floats on the water surface through the floating ball, and the bottom end of the nylon net on the other side is settled to bottom mud through the counterweight; the aperture of the nylon net is 1 cm; the aquatic plants in the controlled culture area can be prevented from escaping along with water flow through the fixing structure, and meanwhile, fishes in the ecological culture area can be prevented from entering the controlled culture area.
8. The purification method of in-situ ecological purification system for water body in pond culture in aquatic plant and microorganism coupling mode as claimed in claim 7, wherein the switch area of the cable is arranged near the shore side, so as to facilitate the regular harvest and transportation of aquatic plants in the controlled culture area.
9. The method for purifying an in-situ ecological purification system of a pond culture water body based on a coupling mode of aquatic plants and microorganisms, as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a plurality of ecological floating beds on which the watermifoil is cultured; the ecological floating beds are composed of PVC frames and polyethylene mesh cloth covering the PVC frames, a plurality of ecological floating beds are connected through ropes, and two ends of the ecological floating bed on the outermost side are fixed to the bank; the aperture of the polyethylene mesh cloth is 2 cm.
CN202110834079.8A 2021-07-23 2021-07-23 Pond culture water body in-situ ecological purification system based on aquatic plant and microorganism coupling mode Pending CN113371951A (en)

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