CN113367146B - Compound bactericidal preparation for preventing and treating coix seed leaf blight and use method thereof - Google Patents
Compound bactericidal preparation for preventing and treating coix seed leaf blight and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/42—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing within the same carbon skeleton a carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a carbon atom having only two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. keto-carboxylic acids
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Abstract
The invention discloses a compound sterilization preparation for preventing and treating coix leaf blight and a use method thereof. The application method comprises diluting the compound bactericide, spraying on leaf surface, spraying at first time in seedling stage, spraying at second time in tillering stage, spraying at third time in heading stage, and spraying at fourth time in grouting stage. The compound bactericide not only can directly inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria, but also can improve the disease resistance of plants, thereby achieving the dual effects of inhibiting bacteria and improving the disease resistance of the plants and improving the medication efficiency; meanwhile, the tetramycin and methyl jasmonate are compounded, so that the research and development cost is low, the field dosage is small, the environmental pollution is reduced, and the purpose of environmental protection is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of compound pesticides, and particularly relates to a compound sterilization preparation for preventing and treating coix seed leaf blight and a using method thereof
Background
Coix lacryma-jobi L, also known as Coix lacryma-jobi L, and semen Coicis and semen Setariae are annual or perennial herbaceous plants of Gramineae, and have a cultivation history of more than 6000 years in China. The coix seed is rich in nutrition, contains protein, insoluble polysaccharide, rutin and lactam, is sweet and light in taste and slightly cold in nature, has the effects of tonifying spleen and promoting diuresis, maintaining beauty and keeping young, reducing blood pressure and blood fat, preventing obesity, regulating intestinal flora, resisting tumors, viruses and inflammation, is a common traditional Chinese medicinal material, and mainly comprises the active ingredients of coixol, triglyceride, benzoxazinoid compounds, ethyl acetate extracted ECLJ, indene compounds, acidic polysaccharide and the like. In recent years, the nutrition and health care effects of the coix lacryma-jobi are continuously discovered, and the coix lacryma-jobi is widely applied to the fields of food, medicines, health care products, cosmetics and the like, and has large market demand and wide planting prospect.
The coix leaf blight is one of the main diseases of coix, is caused by helminthosporium umbilicifolius (Bipolaris coicis) infection, and causes germs to damage leaves and leaf sheaths of coix leaf parts. The scab is a small semitransparent water spot at the beginning, and then gradually expands to form a combined patch, which is expanded to form an oval or spindle-shaped scab with dark brown edge and light brown center, so that the leaf is scorched and dead. At present, the prevention and treatment research of the coix leaf blight takes chemical prevention and treatment as the main part and takes agricultural prevention and treatment as the auxiliary part, for example, 1% of shenqinmycin suspending agent and 5% of zhongshengmycin wettable powder are applied in the field to inhibit the pathogenic bacteria of the leaf blight, and the wettable powder of 50% carbendazim 500 times liquid, 50% of mancozeb 500 times liquid or 75% of chlorothalonil 600 times is sprayed to prevent the leaf blight at the early stage of disease attack. The long-term application of chemical agents can easily cause the fungi to generate drug resistance, destroy the safety of the ecological environment and influence the quality safety of agricultural products; therefore, the research of a special efficient, environment-friendly and safe compound sterilization preparation is a feasible control mode for controlling the coix seed leaf blight.
Tetramycin is also called tetramycin, is a fermentation metabolite of Streptomyces ahygroscopicus wuzhouensis subsptl 1371, and has high inhibitory activity on ascomycetes, basidiomycetes and deuteromycetes. At present, the tetramycin can be used for preventing and treating bacterial fungal diseases such as wheat scab, powdery mildew, poplar canker, bacterial angular leaf spot, rice blast, gray mold, apple tree rot and the like. In addition, tetramycin has a strong bacteriostatic action, can enhance the disease resistance of plants by inducing the activity of defense enzymes to be increased, and has the effect of promoting the healing of rotten scars.
Jasmonates (jasmonates, JAs) are a basic hormone widely present in living bodies and include Jasmonic Acid (JA), methyl jasmonate (Me JA), jasmonic acid amino acid derivatives and the like, and are natural products of many higher plants. The exogenous application of MeJA can induce the disease resistance of plants, the MeJA has important functions in the aspects of regulating and controlling the growth and development of plants, the generation of secondary metabolites, stress resistance and the like as a growth regulating factor, and the MeJA is a growth regulating factor naturally existing in higher plants, and the MeJA is applied to vegetables, fruits and grain crops such as apples, peaches, pears, mangoes, hot peppers, wheat and the like at present.
The application of a compounded sterilization preparation compounded by tetramycin and methyl jasmonate in preventing and treating helminthosporium umbilicifolium (Bipolaris coisis) of the coix leaf blight germ is not reported at present. For example, Chinese patents CN201510792873.5, CN201710630760.4 and the like disclose the application of methyl jasmonate in the aspect of treating or preventing and treating leaf blight. But the jasmonic acid methyl ester and other compounds are compounded, and tetramycin is not compounded; for example, cn201910343521.X, CN201710700361.0, CN201810926196.5, CN201710144267.1 and the like disclose that tetramycin is compounded with other compounds to treat or prevent leaf blight, but methyl jasmonate is not compounded and used for preventing and treating helminthosporium umbilicifolius (Bipolaris coisis) of fusarium oxysporum.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a compound sterilization preparation for preventing and treating coix leaf blight and a use method thereof, and the specific technical scheme is realized by the following measures:
a compound sterilization preparation for preventing and treating coix seed leaf blight and a use method thereof comprise the following steps:
the compound sterilization preparation comprises the effective components of tetramycin and methyl jasmonate, and the balance of auxiliary components. The mass ratio of the effective component of the compound sterilization preparation to the auxiliary component is 1-10: 10-50, and the mass ratio of the tetramycin as the effective component to the methyl jasmonate is 1-50: 50-1.
The pesticide formulation prepared by the compound sterilization preparation of the invention and the auxiliary components respectively added are as follows:
the compound sterilization preparation is a suspending agent, and the auxiliary components are a dispersing agent, a wetting agent, a thickening agent, a preservative, a defoaming agent, an antifreezing agent, a pH value regulator and water.
The dispersing agent is one or more of polycarboxylate, lignosulfonate, alkyl naphthalene formaldehyde condensate sulfonate, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether sulfonate, phenethyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, alkyl polyoxyethylene ether sulfonate, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether block copolymer, nekal, and dodecyl polyoxyethylene ether phosphate.
The wetting agent is one or more of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether formaldehyde condensate sulfate, phenethyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate ester, alkyl sulfate, alkyl sulfonate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, alkylphenol formaldehyde resin polyoxyethylene ether and triphenylethyl phenol polyoxypropylene polyoxyethylene block polymer.
The thickener is one or more of xanthan gum, polyvinyl alcohol, bentonite, magnesium aluminum silicate, carboxymethyl cellulose, carboxyethyl cellulose and methyl cellulose.
The preservative is one or more of formaldehyde, benzoic acid, sodium benzoate, potassium sorbate and isothiazolinone.
The defoaming agent is one or more of silicone oil, silicone compounds, C10-20 saturated fatty acid compounds, C8-10 fatty alcohols, hexanol, butanol and octanol.
The antifreezing agent is one or more of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, polyethylene glycol, sorbitol, urea and inorganic salts.
The pH value regulator is a composite alkali of organic alkali and inorganic alkali.
The water is deionized water
The compound sterilization preparation pair comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.01-10 parts of tetramycin; 0.01-20 parts of methyl jasmonate; 2-25 parts of a dispersing agent; 1-5 parts of a wetting agent; 0.1-5 parts of a thickening agent; 4-20% of a preservative; 0.1-1 part of defoaming agent; 1-8 parts of an antifreezing agent; 0.1-5 parts of a pH value regulator; 1-10 parts of water.
The suspending agent is produced by the specific steps of firstly, 20 parts of auxiliary component dispersing agent; 3 parts of a wetting agent; 3 parts of a thickening agent; a preservative 12; 0.5 part of a defoaming agent; 4 parts of an antifreezing agent; 3 parts of a pH value regulator; 4.5 parts of water are mixed, 1 part of tween80 is sheared at high speed and mixed evenly, and 5 parts of tetramycin serving as an effective component is added; 15 parts of methyl jasmonate; grinding the mixture in a ball grinder for 2-3 hours to obtain a suspension emulsion with the particle diameter of less than 5mm, thus obtaining the suspension preparation of the composition.
After the compound sterilization preparation is diluted to 2000 times, the compound sterilization preparation is sprayed on leaf surfaces, and is sprayed for the first time in the seedling stage, the second time in the tillering stage, the third time in the heading stage and the fourth time in the grouting stage of the coix seeds respectively.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the tetramycin and the methyl jasmonate are compounded to form effective components, so that not only can the growth of pathogenic bacteria be directly inhibited, but also the disease resistance of plants can be improved, and thus the dual effects of inhibiting bacteria and improving the disease resistance of the plants are achieved, and the medication efficiency is improved; meanwhile, the tetramycin and methyl jasmonate are compounded, so that the research and development cost is low, the field dosage is small, the environmental pollution is reduced, and the purpose of environmental protection is achieved.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions, objects and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the technical solutions of the present invention are further defined with reference to the specific embodiments, but the scope of protection claimed is not limited to the description made.
The effect experiment of the invention adopts a mode of combining indoor biological measurement and field experiment, and if not specially stated, the proportions mentioned below are all mass portion ratios.
Experimental example 1: tetramycin and methyl jasmonate combined toxicity test in different ratios
1 materials and methods
1.1 test agent
15% tetramycin (Liaoning micro-biological engineering Co., Ltd.), 95% methyl jasmonate (methyl jasmonate) (Beijing Sociabao Tech Co., Ltd.)
1.2 test subjects
Helminthosporium umbilicifolium (Bipolaris coicis) (pathogenic bacteria of coix leaf blight, collected from major producing area of coix lachryma-jobi in Xingxing county by research institute of subtropical crops in Guizhou province, separated and identified.)
1.3 test methods
Indoor toxicity determination: tetramycin and methyl jasmonate are compounded according to the proportion of 1: 1, 1: 2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 5: 1, 4: 1, 3: 1 and 2: 1, and are diluted into 5 concentrations by 0.1 percent tween80 according to the gradient of 2 times of the medicament. Pouring 9mL of sterilized PSA culture medium and 1mL of medicament diluent into a sterilized culture dish, shaking thoroughly to obtain a medicament-containing plate, punching the activated germ cake with a 5mm puncher, attaching the hypha surface to the center of the medicament-containing plate, repeating each treatment for 4 times, and culturing in a constant temperature incubator at 28 ℃ in the dark. And 0.1% tween80 was used as a control.
And (3) field efficacy test: the compound proportion with synergistic effect is selected for field efficacy test, and the pesticide is applied for 4 times, wherein the first time is the seedling stage of the coix seed, the second time is the tillering stage, the third time is the heading stage, and the fourth time is the grouting stage. And 0.3% tetramycin, 95% methyl jasmonate and 0.1% tween80 were used as controls.
1.4 methods of investigation
When the control bacterial colony grows to two thirds of the size of the culture dish, measuring the diameter of the bacterial colony by a cross method, and calculating the EC of the inhibition rate and the compound technology of different proportions 50 And evaluating the combined toxicity of tetramycin and methyl jasmonate on the growth of the hypha of the coix seed phyllospora oxysporum by a Wadley method. The Wadley formula is shown in formula (1), and the coefficient of Synergy (SR) is shown in formula (2).
Wherein, EC 50 (th) is theoretical value, A, B is tetramycin and methyl jasmonate single dose, a and b are proportion of corresponding single dose in mixed dose, EC 50 (ob) is an actually observed value. SR > 1.5 is synergistic effect; SR is 0.5-1.5 for addition; SR < 0.5 is antagonistic.
Disease condition grading standard:
grade 0-no lesion;
grade 1-the area of the scab is less than or equal to 5% of the area of the leaf;
grade 3-the lesion area accounts for 6% -10% of the leaf area;
grade 5-the lesion area accounts for 11% -25% of the leaf area;
7-stage, the scab area accounts for 26-50% of the leaf area;
grade 9-the area of the lesion spots is more than or equal to 51 percent of the area of the blade.
Respectively calculating the morbidity, disease index and prevention effect according to the formulas (3) to (5)
2 results of the test
2.1 indoor virulence determination
TABLE 1 Combined toxicity of tetramycin and methyl jasmonate in combination against leaf blight of Coix lacryma-jobi
As can be seen from Table 1, the tetramycin and the methyl jasmonate are compounded in a ratio of 1-5: 5-1, the synergistic coefficients are all larger than 0.5, and the additive effect is achieved, wherein when the mass ratio is 1:3, 1:4 and 1:5, the synergistic coefficients are larger than 1.5, namely 1.8724, 2.2442 and 1.6053, and the synergistic effect is achieved. Therefore, the best mass ratio 1:4 with the synergistic effect is selected for the field efficacy test.
2.2 field efficacy test
TABLE 2 field control effect of tetramycin and methyl jasmonate on coix leaf blight
As can be seen from the table 2, the compounding of tetramycin and methyl jasmonate can reduce the incidence rate of the coix leaf blight and improve the field control effect.
Example 1: selecting 5 parts of tetramycin and 1 part of zhongshengmycin to carry out compound pairing on the coix seeds, carrying out first spraying in the seedling stage, carrying out second spraying in the tillering stage, carrying out third spraying in the heading stage and carrying out fourth spraying in the grouting stage.
Example 2: selecting 32 parts of chlorobromoisocyanuric acid, 15 parts of ribavirin antibiotic, 35 parts of methyl jasmonate, 25 parts of mixed strain of stenotrophomonas and enterobacter with the strain ratio of 1: 1, 20 parts of thiabendazole copper, 15 parts of garlic oil, 20 parts of clove oil and 15 parts of cinnamon oil, spraying the coix seed at a seedling stage for the first time, spraying the coix seed at a tillering stage for the second time, spraying the coix seed at a heading stage for the third time, and spraying the coix seed at a grouting stage for the fourth time.
Example 3: the method is characterized by comprising the following steps of compounding tetramycin and methyl jasmonate according to a mass ratio of 25: 25, 15 parts of dispersing agent, 3 parts of wetting agent, 3 parts of thickening agent, 10 parts of preservative, 0.5 part of defoaming agent, 5 parts of antifreezing agent, 3 parts of pH value regulator, 6 parts of water and 1 part of tween80, diluting by 2000 times, carrying out first spraying on the coix seed at a seedling stage, carrying out second spraying at a tillering stage, carrying out third spraying at a heading stage, and carrying out fourth spraying at a grouting stage.
Table 3 investigation of disease prevention Effect in the respective examples
As can be seen from Table 3, the tetramycin and methyl jasmonate compounded preparation in the example 3 has the best effect of preventing and controlling the coix leaf blight, and the prevention effect reaches 95%.
The above are only specific application examples of the present invention, and the present invention also aims at other embodiments of applying methyl jasmonate to coix, and the examples and experimental examples are only for further illustration and understanding of the technical scheme of the present invention, and are not to be understood as further limitation of the technical scheme of the present invention, and the invention creation without outstanding substantive features and significant progress made by those skilled in the art still belongs to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A compound sterilization preparation for preventing and treating coix seed leaf blight is characterized in that the effective components of the compound sterilization preparation are tetramycin and methyl jasmonate, and the balance is auxiliary components; the mass ratio of tetramycin to potassium jasmonate in the effective components is any one of the following components: 1:3, 1:4, 1: 5; the formulation of the compound sterilization preparation is suspoemulsion.
2. The compound bactericide for controlling coix leaf blight according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary ingredients consist of a dispersant, a wetting agent, a thickener, a preservative, a defoaming agent, an antifreezing agent, a pH value regulator, tween80 and water;
the dispersing agent is one or more of polycarboxylate, lignosulfonate, alkyl naphthalene formaldehyde condensate sulfonate, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether sulfonate, phenethyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, alkyl polyoxyethylene ether sulfonate, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether block copolymer, nekal powder and dodecyl polyoxyethylene ether phosphate;
the wetting agent is one or more of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether formaldehyde condensate sulfate, phenethyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate ester, alkyl sulfate, alkyl sulfonate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, alkylphenol formaldehyde resin polyoxyethylene ether and triphenylethyl phenol polyoxypropylene polyoxyethylene block polymer.
3. The compound bactericide preparation for controlling coix leaf blight according to claim 2, wherein the thickener is one or more of xanthan gum, polyvinyl alcohol, bentonite, magnesium aluminum silicate, carboxymethyl cellulose, carboxyethyl cellulose, and methyl cellulose.
4. The compound bactericide preparation for controlling coix leaf blight according to claim 2, wherein the preservative is one or more of formaldehyde, benzoic acid, sodium benzoate, potassium sorbate and isothiazolinone.
5. The compound bactericide preparation for controlling coix leaf blight according to claim 2, wherein the antifoaming agent is one or more of silicone oil, silicone compounds, C10-20 saturated fatty acid compounds, C8-10 fatty alcohols, hexanol, butanol, octanol.
6. The compound bactericide for controlling coix leaf blight according to claim 2, wherein the antifreezing agent is one or more of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, polyethylene glycol, sorbitol, urea, and inorganic salts.
7. The compound bactericide for preventing and treating coix leaf blight according to claim 2, wherein the auxiliary components comprise 2-25 parts of a dispersing agent, 1-5 parts of a wetting agent, 0.1-5 parts of a thickening agent, 4-20 parts of a preservative, 0.1-1 part of a defoaming agent, 1-8 parts of an antifreezing agent, 0.1-5 parts of a pH value regulator, 1-10 parts of water and 801 parts of tween.
8. The use method of the compound bactericide preparation for controlling coix seed leaf blight according to claim 1, characterized in that the compound bactericide preparation is diluted 2000 times, sprayed on leaf surfaces, sprayed for the first time at the seedling stage of coix seeds, sprayed for the second time at the tillering stage, sprayed for the third time at the heading stage, and sprayed for the fourth time at the filling stage.
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