CN1133587A - 用于石墨-氧化铝耐热材料制品的涂料组合物 - Google Patents

用于石墨-氧化铝耐热材料制品的涂料组合物 Download PDF

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CN1133587A
CN1133587A CN94193930A CN94193930A CN1133587A CN 1133587 A CN1133587 A CN 1133587A CN 94193930 A CN94193930 A CN 94193930A CN 94193930 A CN94193930 A CN 94193930A CN 1133587 A CN1133587 A CN 1133587A
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K·朱马
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Abstract

用于涂覆石墨-氧化铝耐热材料制品，保护该制品不受骤热损伤的涂料组合物，含有一种或多种有片状结构的无机物，例如滑石、云母、蛭石、叶蛇纹石、高岭土、蒙脱土或叶蜡石等，含耐热氧化粘结剂，例如氧化铝凝胶，二氧化硅溶胶、氧化铝溶胶或氧化锆溶胶，以及含液体载体，例如水等。

Description

用于石墨-氧化铝耐热 材料制品的涂料组合物
本发明涉及由石墨-氧化铝耐热材料制成的注口或覆板(nozzlesor shrouds)之类制品所用的涂料组合物，所述注口制品用于金属铸造，特别是用于钢材铸造工艺中。
象浇注口和覆板这类制品通常是由具有酚醛树脂粘结剂分解形成的碳键的石墨-氧化铝耐热材料制成的，所述浇注日用于含熔融金属的容器，例如钢水包和中间罐，所述覆板将从一个容器流向另一个容器(例如从钢水包流向中间罐)的金属液流围绕起来。
此种材料抗骤热性差并容易破裂，因此必须采用某种方法将注口和覆板加以处理，以便当其被很快加热升温时，能将所产生的骤热影响降至最小。
普遍采用的一个办法是使用之前将该制品进行脱碳处理。即将该制品在氧化气氛中加热，使制品表面之碳氧化或烧尽，剩下多孔表面层即基本上为未键合的氧化铝。
就注口而言，另一个实用办法是以含陶瓷纤维的绝热纸包裹注口外部，但此种办法开销大、耗时多、因为必需对纸进行剪切、包裹并用金属丝捆扎，以便将其围绕该注口适当固定牢。
也有人建议用绝热涂料涂覆注口，且加拿大专利No.1301780已介绍使用一种含下述成份的组合物：约30％-85％重量选自熔融硅石颗粒，氧化铝粉末、氧化锆粉末、富铝红柱石粉末和氧化铝泡的一种或多种细分散成份；约0-10％重量选自硅铝酸盐纤维、氧化锆纤维、二氧化钛纤维、氧化铝-铬纤维、氧化铝泡沫和氧化锆泡的陶瓷纤维：约15％-30％重量水；约0-7％重量选自Grass H，硅酸钠和丙烯酸树脂的粘结剂成份：约0-40％重量的形成烧结料的玻璃。
目前已发现含一种或多种有片状结构并与耐热氧化物粘结的无机材料之涂料，用于保护注口和覆板之类不受骤热损害，有特别令人满意的效果。
根据本发明，提供一种用于涂覆石墨-氧化铝耐热材料制品的涂料组合物，该组合物含一种或多种具有片状结构的无机物，一种耐热氧化物粘结剂和一种液体载体。
根据本发明的另一特点，提供一种带有涂覆层的石墨-氧化铝耐热材料制品，所述涂层含一种或多种具有片状结构的无机物、和一种耐热氧化物粘结剂。
适宜的具有片状结构的无机物包括滑石、云母、蛭石、叶蛇纹石(片状蛇纹石)以及陶土、例如高岭土、蒙脱土和叶蜡石等。也可以使用石墨，但其只能与一种或多种其它无机材料结合使用。
适宜的耐热氧化物粘结剂包括氧化铝凝胶(它可以从α氧化铝单水合物和一种氯化铝或硝酸铝之类的胶化剂形成)和胶态氧化物溶胶，例如二氧化硅溶胶、氧化铝溶胶以及氧化锆溶胶。优选氧化铝凝胶和阳离子二氧化硅溶胶之结合物。
为方便和降低成本起见，液体载体优选水，但若需要的话，也可使用酵之类的有机载体。
该涂料组合物通常含5-50％重量具有片状结构无机物，20-60％重量耐热氧化物粘结剂及20-50％重量液体载体。
该涂料组合物可用任何方式涂覆到耐热制品上，例如喷雾、涂刷，将制品浸渍于组合物中或从上浇淋等。
液态载体加入量部分取决于所选择的涂覆方法，并部分取决于所用具体无机物(或多种无机物)和具体耐热氧化物粘结剂而定。
施用之后，干燥该涂料组合物去除载体液体，例如可在烘箱中进行。
该涂料组合物可含有其它成份，例如润湿剂、防泡剂或增稠剂，以改善该组合物的流变学特性及施用特性。
该涂料组合物也可含小部分纤维材料，例如硅铝酸盐纤维，以改善涂覆及干燥之后涂层的强度，使得经涂覆后的注口或覆板等在使用之前的运输过程中不至于使涂层损坏。
除了具有片状结构的无机物或耐热氧化物粘结剂之外，该涂料组合物也可含小部分颗粒状耐热填料。但是，氧化锆、锆土或氧化铝之类的耐热填料有降低该涂层的多孔性和绝热性之趋势。
当本发明的涂料组合物用于石墨-氧化铝耐热制品时，便产生多孔绝热涂层，在制品很快加热升温时，可保护该制品不受骤热损坏，并且，其使用时与熔融金属(例如钢)接触，一旦完成其使用目的，便被该熔融金属冲洗掉而消失。
下述实施例将对本发明作详细介绍。
                          实施例1(1)                                     重量％滑石                                    13.3云母                                    17.7膨胀蛭石                                 8.9
氧化铝单水合物                   4.4氯化铝                           1.3阳离子胶态二氧化硅               2.7硅铝酸盐纤维                     2.7润湿剂                           0.2水                              48.8(2)                              重量％煅烧瓷土                         50.0泡状氧化铝                       21.0硅镁土粘土(Attapulgite clay)      4.0聚丙烯酸酯粘结剂                  4.0消泡剂                            0.25润湿剂(磷酸钠)                    0.25水                               20.5(3)                              重量％石墨                             65.0氧化铝单水合物                    9.0氯化铝                            1.0水                               25.0(4)一般用作含石墨制品抗氧化涂料的专利釉(可购自Bayer公司)，
该釉由硼酸钠玻璃中的硅和碳化硅组成。
(1)是根据本发明的涂料组合物，(2)、(3)和(4)则是非本发明组合物，为比较而进行试验。
以70％重量氧化铝和30％重量石墨及酚醛树脂粘结剂混合物为原料，采用等静压制，生产直径5cm且长20cm的固态柱形棒。加压之后，该棒于950℃加热30分钟使之固化，将树脂碳化，使之产生碳-碳键。
在各棒一端均钻一中心孔至标准深度，各棒外边涂以3-4mm厚度的涂料组合物，并将经涂覆的棒于110℃加热2小时使该涂层干燥。
将热电偶插入孔中，将此经涂覆的棒浸入1600℃的熔融钢水中，在3分钟期间内每隔10秒记录一次温度，计录加热速度。
所得之结果列下表中。
涂料组合物                加热速度℃/秒
(1)                           6.68
(2)                           8.57
(3)                           9.38
(4)                           8.93
该结果表明，涂料组合物(1)明显降低了氧化铝/石墨棒材料的热传导率，因此与其它三种组合物相比，改善了其抗骤热性。用以石墨为基料的涂料组合物(3)涂覆的棒之加热速度，与未涂覆的同样材料棒加热速度没多少差别。
实施例2
在另一试验中，使用实施例1类型的试验棒，并用涂料组合物(1)涂覆，将其与未涂覆棒加以比较，该试验中将各棒在1分钟期间加热到1200℃，每隔1分钟测量一次温度至棒冷却至600℃。
未涂覆棒冷至600℃使用8分钟、而经涂覆的棒达到同样温度需12分钟，由此证明该涂层的绝热特性。
                      实施例3
下面是根据本发明的其它两种涂料组合物的实施例，该两种涂料用于涂覆中间罐的外表面以模制连续铸造装置的注口：(5)                            重量％叶蜡石                         37.2氧化铝单水合物                  4.6硝酸铝                          1.1阳离子胶态二氧化硅              3.8膨胀蛭石                        7.0润湿剂                          0.3水                             46.0(6)                            重量％叶蜡石                         49.5氧化铝单水合物                  5.0硝酸铝                          1.2阳离子胶态二氧化硅              4.0润湿剂                          0.3水                             40.0

Claims (9)

1.用于涂覆石墨-氧化铝耐热材料制品的涂料组合物，其特征在于该组合物含一种或多种具有片状结构的无机物，耐热氧化物粘结剂和液体载体。
2.根据权利要求1的涂料组合物，其特征在于所述无机物是滑石、云母、蛭石、叶蛇纹石、高岭土、蒙脱土或叶蜡石。
3.根据权利要求1或2的涂料组合物，其特征在于石墨构成该组合物中无机成份的一部分。
4.根据权利要求1-3任意之一的涂料组合物，其特征在于所述耐热氧化物粘结剂是氧化铝凝胶、二氧化硅溶胶，氧化铝溶胶或氧化锆溶胶。
5.根据权利要求4的涂料组合物。其特征在于耐热氧化物粘结剂是氧化铝凝胶和阳离子二氧化硅溶胶之结合物。
6.根据权利要求1-5任意之一的涂料组合物，其特征在于该组合物含5-50％重量的具有片状结构的无机物，20-60％重量耐热氧化物粘结剂和20-50％重量液体载体。
7.根据权利要求1-6任意之一的涂料组合物，其特征在于该组合物也含小部分纤维材料。
8.根据权利要求1-7任意之一的涂料组合物，其特征在于除了具有片状结构的无机物之外，该组合物也含有小部分粒状耐热填料。
9.石墨-氧化铝耐热材料的涂覆制品，其特征在于该涂层含有一种或多种有片状结构的无机物和耐热氧化物粘结剂。
CN94193930A 1993-10-27 1994-09-30 石墨－氧化铝耐热材料的涂覆制品 Expired - Fee Related CN1045000C (zh)

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WO2009127153A1 (zh) * 2008-04-19 2009-10-22 Huang Dingzhong 硬表面处理组合物及其用途、处理后形成的覆层及带有该覆层的硬表面材料
CN101328074B (zh) * 2007-06-22 2010-08-11 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 陶瓷颗粒粘结剂、其制备方法及用其制备陶瓷颗粒的方法
CN102179251A (zh) * 2011-03-17 2011-09-14 清华大学 流化床合成甲醇用催化剂及其制备方法
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CA2171977A1 (en) 1995-05-04
ATE155122T1 (de) 1997-07-15
DE69404164D1 (de) 1997-08-14
WO1995011870A1 (en) 1995-05-04
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BR9407909A (pt) 1996-11-26
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